Steel ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement, which is characterized in that vibration sensors are symmetrically mounted, and a data collector and a remote monitoring terminal are used for analyzing and extracting characteristic values of vibration signals; the symmetrical installation comprises taking the central axis of the steel ladle as a symmetry axis, and the fixed connection installation positions of the vibration sensor comprise the bottom of the steel ladle, the outer side of the steel ladle, a steel ladle hanging lug, an upper edge opening of the steel ladle or a trolley fixedly connected with the steel ladle; the vibration sensor measures the vibration quantity in at least one of the x direction, the y direction and the z direction, the vibration quantity comprises at least one of displacement, speed or acceleration, and the symmetrical vibration sensor monitors information in real time so that the system can judge whether the steel ladle is stirred evenly or not in time and accurately. The phenomenon of resource waste caused by insufficient stirring or excessive stirring frequently occurring in a traditional experience stirring method is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of steel smelting and control, and particularly relates to a ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement. Background Art

[0002] The ladle degassing refining method is the main method of secondary steelmaking (also known as secondary steelmaking, which is simply referred to as ladle refining in the present invention), that is, the molten steel smelted in a primary smelting furnace (electric furnace and converter) is transferred to another high-temperature container (mainly a ladle) for refining. Its main classifications are: (1) ladle treatment type: such as ladle argon blowing, ladle powder injection, and vacuum circulation degassing (RH); (2) ladle refining type, such as vacuum oxygen decarburization (VOD), argon oxygen decarburization (AOD), ladle refining (LF, ASEA-CKF, VAD, etc.). Gas stirring is used to improve the mixing effect and promote chemical reactions, and the control of gas intensity (or flow rate, flow velocity) and time has a great influence on the entire process.

[0003] Since the ladle refining process is in a high-temperature state, it is difficult for general video image detection to obtain images that effectively reflect the stirring effect at high temperatures. Of course, even if on-site images can be obtained, it is very difficult to extract stirring effect information. At present, there is still a lack of effective monitoring means and methods in the ladle refining process. It is mainly based on on-site operation experience to manually judge whether the stirring is uniform. In fact, most of the time, the stirring effect is ensured by experiencing sufficient stirring time at the empirical stirring intensity. That is to say, there is an over-stirring state most of the time, the refining efficiency is difficult to improve, the requirement for manual observation is high, and once unqualified products are detected afterwards, it will cause relatively large losses. All the products cast in the whole furnace (ladle) may become scrap. There is an urgent need for a convenient and effective refining effect monitoring device and method for ladle degassing refining. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention realizes convenient and effective on-line monitoring of the gas stirring effect through a reasonable layout of vibration sensors and in combination with signal acquisition and analysis.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is to design a ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement. The monitoring system includes a ladle monitoring subsystem and / or a trolley monitoring subsystem, and a remote monitoring terminal; the ladle monitoring subsystem and the trolley monitoring subsystem each include at least two vibration sensors that are symmetric in both distance and angle with respect to the central axis of the ladle. These symmetric sensors are installed in the same plane. The symmetrically installed vibration sensors are used to judge and analyze whether the vibration quantity characteristic values of the vibration sensors at symmetric positions of the ladle are consistent. Theoretically, if the stirring is uniform or nearly uniform, the vibration quantity characteristic values at symmetric positions should be basically the same; the ladle monitoring subsystem and the trolley monitoring subsystem also include data collectors; the data collectors are electrically connected to the remote monitoring terminal and each vibration sensor, and the electrical connection includes wired connection and / or wireless connection; The ladle monitoring subsystem and the trolley monitoring subsystem share a data collector or are respectively configured with data collectors, which is mainly determined by the number of interface channels of the data collector itself (i.e., the sensor interface capability) and the number of on-site sensor layout requirements; The vibration sensor measures the vibration quantity in at least one of the x, y, and z directions. The vibration quantity includes at least one of displacement, velocity, or acceleration. The vibration sensor includes a wireless vibration sensor and / or a three-axis acceleration sensor.

[0006] The monitoring system further includes a communication gateway, network accessories, and necessary signal acquisition and display software.

[0007] Further, the data collector includes a vibration signal collector, a switching power supply, a circuit breaker, and a protection box. The vibration signal collector includes a wireless router vibration collector. The vibration signal collector includes multiple channels, and each channel can access the measurement signal of a vibration sensor. Similarly, it can also access other measurement signals such as temperature sensors and deformation sensors; the switching power supply powers the data collector, the circuit breaker plays an overload protection role, and the protection box protects the electronic devices of the data collector to reduce the impact of the environment on the operation of the electronic devices.

[0008] Further, the installation positions of the vibration sensors on the trolley include a support seat (usually a hanging ear support seat), or the base of the support platform body or the column of the support platform body. The installation positions can transmit the vibration caused by the stirring of the molten steel inside the ladle; the installation methods include threaded installation, magnetic seat installation, glue installation, or snap connection installation.

[0009] Further, 3 vibration sensors are arranged in a circumferential pattern at equal distances with an interval of 120 degrees in the same plane.

[0010] Further, 4 vibration sensors are arranged in a circumferential pattern at equal distances with an interval of 90 degrees in the same plane.

[0011] Further, vibration sensors are symmetrically arranged in two or more different planes respectively.

[0012] Further, when the vibration sensor is arranged on the ladle (including the bottom of the ladle, the outside of the ladle, the ladle lugs, the upper edge of the ladle), the vibration sensor includes a wireless vibration sensor, which is radio-connected to the data collector, and the wireless connection is realized through a wireless router relay unit. When the vibration sensor is arranged on the trolley, the vibration sensor can be wired-connected.

[0013] Further, the vibration sensor includes five functional modules, namely signal sensing, signal conditioning, signal acquisition, data analysis, and data uploading, which are electrically connected in sequence.

[0014] Further, the monitoring system further includes a wireless receiving router, which is respectively connected to the vibration sensor and the data collector, or respectively connected to the data collector and the remote monitoring terminal.

[0015] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement proposed by the present invention provides a physical condition for timely and accurately judging whether the gas stirring in the ladle refining process is uniform, that is, whether the stirring effect is achieved, through symmetrically arranged vibration sensors; it is more reliable than the traditional method of using empirical flow rate and empirical stirring time, can adapt to the requirements of different stirring environments and different stirring processes, avoids excessive stirring or insufficient stirring, has higher efficiency, and has higher control accuracy for ladle refining. The application of the present invention can not only improve the stirring efficiency of ladle refining, but also reduce the rejection rate of refined products. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is the principle block diagram of the ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement; Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the arrangement of ladle refining monitoring sensors; Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the connection of internal functional modules of the vibration sensor.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Ladle; 2. Lugs; 3. Trolley; 4. Sensor; 5. Blowing pipeline; 6. Valve. Detailed Embodiments

[0018] The following combines the drawings and embodiments to further describe the specific embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] Theoretical analysis shows that the vibration signal can effectively characterize the gas stirring intensity, but due to the difficulty in finding the law between the two, practical engineering applications face difficulties.

[0020] Currently, although there are some studies on using vibration measurement to monitor the ladle stirring state, due to the fact that this stirring intensity is related to many factors such as ladle type (including lining), molten steel height (or weight), shape of the gas blowing outlet, gas flow rate and flow, sensor installation method and location, environmental vibration, type and addition speed of additives, and other interfering factors, although the ladle response value (LRV) can better describe the state of gas stirring, there is no reliable information on whether it is stirred evenly after the addition of components such as additives. And affected by the above factors, the ladle response values at different times, different locations, and different objects have poor comparability. To obtain effective empirical judgment data, a large number of experiments are required, and the inheritance is poor. Changes in environmental conditions will affect the usability of empirical data. Therefore, so far, this technology is still in the laboratory research stage, and there is no monitoring system for engineering applications.

[0021] Embodiment 1: As Figure 1 shown, a ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement according to the present invention, the monitoring system includes a ladle monitoring subsystem and / or a trolley monitoring subsystem, and a remote monitoring terminal; the ladle monitoring subsystem and the trolley monitoring subsystem respectively include at least 2 vibration sensors that are symmetrically arranged in terms of distance and angle with the ladle central axis as the symmetry axis, and these symmetric sensors are installed in the same plane. The symmetrically installed vibration sensors are set to judge and analyze whether the vibration quantity characteristic values of the vibration sensors at the symmetric positions of the ladle are consistent. Theoretically, if the stirring is uniform or nearly uniform, the vibration quantity characteristic values at the symmetric positions should be basically the same; the ladle monitoring subsystem and the trolley monitoring subsystem also include data collectors; the data collectors are electrically connected to the remote monitoring terminal and each vibration sensor, and the electrical connection includes wired connection and / or wireless connection. Generally, due to high-temperature environmental factors and ladle movement factors in the ladle monitoring subsystem, the vibration sensors are wirelessly connected to the data collectors, and the vibration sensors in the trolley monitoring subsystem are wired-connected to the data collectors. The data collector includes a plurality of wired connection interfaces, and each interface can be connected to a vibration sensor; and the data collector and the remote monitoring terminal can be connected either wirelessly or wired. If on-site wiring is convenient, wired connection is generally adopted, and it is mostly in the network connection mode; Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the sensor layout in the monitoring system. The ladle 1 is placed on the trolley 3, vibration sensors 4 are respectively installed on the sides of the two hanging ears 2 of the ladle, and the gas blowing pipeline 5 blows gas into the ladle through the bottom of the ladle, and a controllable valve 6 is arranged on the gas blowing pipeline. In this embodiment, both the ladle monitoring subsystem and the trolley monitoring subsystem are designed. The ladle monitoring subsystem includes 2 vibration sensors, and the trolley monitoring subsystem includes 4 vibration sensors.

[0022] The ladle monitoring subsystem and the trolley monitoring subsystem share a data collector or are respectively configured with a data collector, which is mainly determined by the number of interface channels of the data collector itself (i.e., the sensor interface capability) and the number of on-site sensor layout requirements. The fixed installation positions of the vibration sensors include the bottom of the ladle, the outside of the ladle, the ladle lugs, the upper edge of the ladle or the trolley fixed to the ladle. The specific installation position should be able to transmit the vibration information of the molten steel inside the ladle well and effectively avoid the influence of high temperature and molten steel splashing. Generally, at least 2 symmetrically installed vibration sensors are included in the same plane to facilitate the analysis and judgment of the gas stirring effect. In this embodiment, 2 vibration sensors are set and installed on both sides of the ladle lugs respectively.

[0023] Since the ladle refining is in a high-temperature environment, the general monitoring display or warning is located in a relatively safe and suitable environment at an appropriate distance. Considering the movable and transportable characteristics of the ladle to be measured, the electrical connection generally uses wireless connection; the data collector performs preliminary processing and analysis and judgment on the signals received by the vibration sensors, and sends the results of the analysis and judgment to the remote monitoring terminal for display and sending out audible and visual warning signals or prompt signals that the stirring is uniform. The remote monitoring terminal can be an ordinary desktop computer, a notebook computer or a workstation, a server, etc.; the remote monitoring terminal can also be arranged with a more complex data analysis function. In addition to the data collection function, the on-site data collector can also be set with corresponding simplified display and signal analysis functions. In short, the actual software function division and configuration method can be determined according to actual needs.

[0024] The vibration sensor measures the vibration quantity in at least one of the three directions of x, y, and z (where x and y are the two horizontal directions and z is the vertical direction), and the vibration quantity includes at least one of displacement, velocity or acceleration. If only one item is measured, generally the velocity quantity in the vertical direction is preferably selected (which can be obtained by integrating acceleration). On the one hand, because the vertical vibration velocity can better reflect the gas stirring intensity and is an ideal original information as a characteristic value. Experimental analysis shows that the root mean square (RMS) of the vertical direction velocity is the best characteristic for measuring the stirring intensity caused by the blowing gas flow rate in the ladle; on the other hand, relatively speaking, the vertical vibration velocity value is higher, the requirement for measurement accuracy is relatively lower, and the difference judgment is more accurate. In this embodiment, the vibration sensor simultaneously measures the acceleration quantities in the three directions of x, y, and z (the two horizontal directions x, y and the vertical direction z), and the vibration displacement quantity and velocity quantity can be obtained by integrating the acceleration.

[0025] The monitoring system further includes a communication gateway, network accessories and necessary signal acquisition and display software.

[0026] Preferably, the data collector includes a vibration signal collector, a switching power supply, a circuit breaker, and a protective box. The vibration signal collector includes a wireless router vibration collector. The vibration signal collector includes a multi-channel interface. Each channel can access a vibration sensor to measure signals, and can also access other measurement signals such as a temperature sensor and a deformation sensor. The switching power supply powers the data collector. The circuit breaker plays an overload protection role. The protective box protects the electronic devices of the data collector to reduce the impact of the environment on the operation of the electronic devices.

[0027] Preferably, the installation positions of the vibration sensors on the trolley include a support seat (usually an ear support seat), or a support table body base or a support table body column. The installation positions can transmit the vibration caused by the stirring of the molten steel inside the ladle. In short, the selection of the installation positions should, on the one hand, ensure that the influence of the high temperature of the molten steel on the vibration sensors is very small or negligible, and on the other hand, ensure that the vibration of the ladle stirring can be transmitted to the vibration sensors with little attenuation or almost no attenuation. Thirdly, it is necessary to ensure the symmetry of all installation points. If two sensors are arranged, it is advisable to install them on the ear support seats. The installation methods include screw installation, magnetic base installation, glue installation, or snap installation.

[0028] Preferably, when the vibration sensors are arranged on the ladle (including the bottom of the ladle, the outside of the ladle, the ladle ear, and the upper edge of the ladle), the vibration sensors include wireless vibration sensors. In this embodiment, wireless vibration sensors of model XDG2900 are used, which are radio-connected to the data collector. The wireless connection is realized through a wireless router relay unit. The wireless router relay unit includes a wireless receiving router, a 24V switching power supply, and a circuit breaker.

[0029] This embodiment also includes that the wireless receiving router adopts ZBNET-300C-U. The ZBNET-300C-U is a gateway device for Zigbee to Ethernet conversion. The device is designed according to industrial standards, realizes high-speed transparent transmission between the Zigbee network and the Ethernet, can quickly access the Zigbee local area network to the Internet without secondary development, and realizes the purpose of remote Zigbee control and data collection. It supports compatible communication with the ZM5168 series Zigbee modules. The device samples a high-power Zigbee radio frequency transceiver, has a higher receiving sensitivity, and the line-of-sight coverage radius can reach 2.5 Km.

[0030] When the vibration sensors are arranged on the trolley, the vibration sensors include three-axis acceleration sensors. In this embodiment, three-axis acceleration sensors of model XDG1283 are used, and wireless vibration sensors can also be used.

[0031] The vibration signal collector in this embodiment uses ZXP6A, with its external dimensions: 237×180×60 (mm), and weight: 2 kg; each vibration channel can access an acceleration sensor, and the signal type accessed by the channel is determined through the upper computer configuration. If there are threaded holes at the on-site test points, its installation is the same as the installation method of the speed sensor in the above figure. The vibration sensor can also be installed using a special magnetic base. Connect the vibration sensor to the magnetic base, and when in use, adsorb the magnetic base on the test point.

[0032] Industrial switch power supply (24V): EDR-75-24 is a 75W DIN-rail power supply that complies with German industrial standards. The entire series uses a full-range AC input from 90Vac to 264Vac and complies with the EN61000-3-2 standard regarding the harmonic current specifications specified by the European Union.

[0033] Miniature circuit breaker: The IC65N C10A / 2P circuit breaker complies with the GB / T10963.1 and IEC / EN 60898-1 standards and has the following functions: short-circuit protection, overload protection, isolation function, clear indication of fault disconnection, and a front window indicating the circuit breaker's fault tripping in red; The data collector is configured with data acquisition and display software: providing functions such as acquisition, storage, feature calculation, and signal graph display of vibration signal data.

[0034] Main technical requirements for the related equipment of the system (1) Vibration sensor - Vibration measurement uses the piezoelectric principle and supports the industry standard IEPE.

[0035] - The standard range of the sensor is not less than ±10g.

[0036] - The frequency range of the sensor should support 0.4Hz - 5kHz (±3dB) to ensure effective pickup of vibration signals from the low-frequency band to the high-frequency band - The sensor probe should be made of no less than 304 stainless steel to ensure stability in harsh environments.

[0037] - Output method: L5 in three directions of X, Y, and Z, center through-hole installation, 3-M5 connector output - Protection level: not less than IP66 - Operating temperature: +150°C ~ +200°C (2) Data collector - Supports vibration signal acquisition - Sampling bits: not less than 16-bit ADC, external AD - Sampling frequency: not less than 50K / sps, configurable - Communication method: Gigabit Ethernet - Operating temperature: -10°C to +70°C (3)Protection box - Outdoor installation, made of SUS304 material, with installation base.

[0038] - Protection level: not less than IP55 (4)Data processing terminal - Desktop computer - CPU: not less than Intel i7 - Memory: not less than 16G - Monitor: not less than 27 inches - Solid state drive: not less than 2T - Operating system: Windows 10 / 11 Technical parameters of vibration acceleration sensor (three-way): Sensitivity (20 + 5°C) 100mV / g Measurement range (peak value) 50g Maximum transverse sensitivity ≤5% Frequency response (+5%) 1 - 5000Hz Installation resonance frequency 15000Hz Operating temperature range -40~+120°C Shock limit (peak value) 2000g Maximum output signal (peak value) ≤6V Noise <2mg Output impedance <1000 Power supply (constant current source) +18~+30VDC Operating current +2~+10mA DC bias voltage 7 ± 1V Installation M5 Sensitive material Piezoelectric ceramic Structural design Ring shear Bright body material Stainless steel Weight 33g Accessories: M5 bolt, protection cap, one; 2-meter double-headed L5STYV-1, three Technical parameters of wireless vibration acceleration sensor: Scope of application Vibration temperature monitoring of large rotating machinery, speed > 600rpm Vibration frequency range 2~10kHz Vibration measurement range (P-P) Acceleration: ±10g, Velocity: ±100mm / s Resonance frequency 38 ± 3kHz Frequency response accuracy: 2 - 5Hz: < 10%, 5 - 10KHz: < 3dB Linear accuracy at 80Hz, < 2% Vibration direction: Uniaxial Temperature measurement range: -40 to 120 degrees Parameterization options: Vibration (Veff / aPeak), switch output, switch logic, self - detection, fault indication, filtering, etc. Switch output: PNP or NPN mode selectable, parameterizable via IO - Link Operating voltage: Powered by internal battery, internal lithium thionyl chloride battery Operating time: In normal operating state (transmitting 1 time / hour): > 180 days Mounting methods: (1) Threaded mounting: Mounting thread 1 / 4 - 28; (2) Magnetic base mounting; (3) Adhesive attachment with strong glue.

[0039] The software platform shall have the following functions: Provide management functions for acquisition devices and sensors; Provide display functions in time domain and frequency domain; Provide data saving and exporting functions.

[0040] The monitoring method adopted by the ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement described in the present invention includes collecting the vibration amounts of vibration sensors symmetrically installed within the acquisition window duration (also known as window time) 、 …, extracting the first eigenvalue corresponding to the vibration amount 、 … and the second eigenvalue 、 …, where is the sampling serial number, the sampling period is determined according to the vibration frequency, the characteristics of the sensor and the data acquisition instrument (data collector), the first subscript of the vibration amount and the eigenvalue identifies the vibration sensor number, and the monitoring method includes Monitoring Method 1 or Monitoring Method 2; Monitoring Method 1 includes, if all within the window duration , j ≠ k (such as ), then it is considered that the ladle stirring is uniform, otherwise stirring needs to continue, where is the first threshold. That is, when the vibration transfer characteristics of the ladle at symmetric positions are consistent and last for a period of time (window duration), it can be considered that the molten steel in the ladle has been stirred evenly; the first threshold is the allowable difference in the eigenvalue of the vibration amount in the symmetric direction in the evenly stirred state, and the smaller the threshold, the more uniform the stirring, but the higher the requirements for the stirring time and the control of the gas stirring flow rate.

[0041] The second monitoring method includes that if all , j≠k (such as ), and all are satisfied (such as and etc.), it is considered that the ladle stirring is uniform, otherwise stirring needs to continue. Among them, is the second threshold; that is to say, in addition to judging the difference in the first characteristics of the symmetrically installed vibration sensors, the second monitoring method also judges whether the second characteristic values of the vibration sensors are within a certain range. For example, the second characteristic value is taken as the variance of the respective vibration amounts within the window duration. When the variance is small enough, it indicates that the local molten steel being stirred has entered a steady state. At the same time, if the different local vibration characteristics are basically the same, it can be determined that this stirring is uniform, which makes sense; the second monitoring method is essentially an analysis and judgment method with higher quality requirements for steelmaking products. Note that the characteristic values of the vibration amounts in different directions should be statistically calculated separately and cannot be mixed.

[0042] In this embodiment, the average value of the vibration speed within the window duration is taken as the first characteristic value, and the variance is taken as the second characteristic value.

[0043] Preferably, the lower limit of the window duration is not less than 3 times the longest vibration period duration, and the upper limit is not greater than the minimum lag duration.

[0044] Setting the lower limit of the window duration mainly considers the convenience of statistically calculating the vibration amount. At least 3 complete vibration periods should be sampled to obtain at least 3 groups of effective amplitude values, so that the amplitude statistical calculation makes sense. In fact, generally, it should be more than 10 or even 20 effective vibration periods to basically ensure the accuracy and reliability of the statistical calculation, that is, the sampling coverage duration of the vibration amount corresponding to the calculated characteristic value should be long enough (not less than the lower limit duration) to ensure the accuracy of the stirring characteristic judgment, and the shorter the window duration, the higher the real-time performance.

[0045] The upper limit of the window duration is mainly considered that the window duration cannot be too long, otherwise the stirring time is too long. On the one hand, the time-varying characteristics of the stirring effect are averaged by time, which will make it difficult to judge whether the stirring effect is really up to standard, or the conclusion may not be accurate, or the conclusion loses its meaning; on the other hand, if the window duration is too long, the statistical results cannot reflect the real situation in real time, and the real-time performance is reduced, that is, the efficiency of monitoring and judgment is reduced, which is not conducive to subsequent real-time control; third, the longer the window duration, the greater the calculation workload; fourth, the maximum lag duration is used as the reference benchmark for the upper limit of the window duration, mainly considering that if the molten steel is in the lag transition stage (obviously non-steady-state stage), the statistical characteristics should have obvious reactions. If the window duration exceeds this duration, too much steady-state data will be introduced, which will be disadvantageous to the statistical characteristics judgment, that is, the abnormal phenomenon may be averaged out. The lag duration, including actions such as changing the stirring gas flow rate, flow rate or adding additives, generally requires a lag time before the molten steel can enter a relatively steady state.

[0046] In this embodiment, the window time length is set to 10s, mainly considering that too long window time length will affect the timeliness of stirring effect judgment. Although it is shorter than the vibration effect lag time, considering that the vibration amount changes dramatically during this lag process, it is almost impossible for the characteristic value to meet the requirements of monitoring method 1 and monitoring method 2, so it is feasible to appropriately shorten the time and improve efficiency.

[0047] Accuracy and timeliness are sometimes conflicting requirements for window duration and need to be compromised.

[0048] Preferably, the monitoring method includes a sliding window monitoring method, that is, the window slides once per unit time, and the vibration amount and its characteristic value within the sliding window duration are analyzed and judged according to the monitoring method one or the monitoring method two; the unit time includes an integer second (such as every 1 second or every 2 seconds, etc.) or a unit time greater than or equal to the longest vibration cycle or greater than or equal to an integer multiple of the sampling cycle. The use of an integer second interval for the window sliding time interval is in line with traditional sampling cognitive habits; and the use of an interval greater than the longest vibration cycle considers sliding once for at least one complete vibration cycle, and in fact, it generally slides once for multiple such vibration cycles; the use of an integer multiple of the sampling cycle is convenient for data statistics and calculations, and various different options have different advantages. The sampling rate of this embodiment is 10kHz, and a 1s sliding time interval is used, while meeting the requirement of being greater than the longest vibration cycle (for vibration signals with a minimum period of 2Hz and 0.5s), so this setting essentially meets the above three conditions at the same time.

[0049] The present invention realizes effective on-line monitoring of gas stirring intensity by introducing devices such as vibration acceleration sensors, signal acquisition units, and industrial control units. In addition, due to the adoption of high-sensitivity sensors and high-precision sampling of no less than 16 bits, the vibration quantity differences caused by uneven stirring can be identified when the symmetrically installed sensors are subtracted, making the system of the present invention more practical.

[0050] Embodiment 2: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, 3 vibration sensors are arranged equidistantly in a circle at intervals of 120 degrees in the same plane, and the vibration sensors are located on the trolley base or the outer side of the upper edge of the ladle; in actual engineering applications, a special magnetic base can be used for installation, which can be installed during detection and removed after detection; or screw fixation can be used, and both the installation method and position need to consider avoiding the influence of molten steel splashing and pouring.

[0051] Embodiment 3: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, 4 vibration sensors are arranged equidistantly in a circle at intervals of 90 degrees in the same plane, and the installation positions are at the bottom of the ladle, on the side of the ladle, on the upper edge of the ladle or on the trolley.

[0052] Embodiment 4: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, vibration sensors are symmetrically arranged in two or more different planes respectively. Specifically, in this embodiment, one vibration sensor is installed on each of the two side surfaces of the two hanging ears of the ladle, the two side surfaces of the trolley support seats of the two hanging ears, and the directions parallel and perpendicular to the hanging ears of the trolley base, with a total of 8 vibration sensors. The ladle can stand on the trolley through the support seat (not shown in the figure), or can be directly located on the trolley base.

[0053] Embodiment 5: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that as Figure 3 shown, the vibration sensor includes five functional modules of signal perception, signal conditioning, signal acquisition, data analysis, and data upload, which are electrically connected in sequence. In addition, a power supply module is set to supply power to the entire sensor; the data analysis module performs preliminary analysis and feature extraction on the real-time monitoring data of the sensor, and makes a simple state judgment according to the rules. The data upload module includes wired and / or wireless transmission interfaces.

[0054] That is, the vibration sensor can also integrate a part of the signal acquisition and analysis functions to form a sensor combining software and hardware, including five functional units of signal perception, signal conditioning, signal acquisition, data analysis, and data upload, or can be divided into units such as power supply, signal conditioning, signal acquisition, arm MCU data acquisition and processing system, and wireless data transceiver. In short, the specific software and hardware function allocation and combination forms are diverse and can be determined according to the specific application environment requirements.

[0055] Example 6: The difference from Example 1 is that the monitoring system further includes a wireless receiving router, which is respectively connected to the vibration sensor and the data collector, or respectively connected to the data collector and the remote monitoring terminal. The wireless receiving router is mainly designed to be used for transfer when the distance between the vibration sensor and the data collector (or between the data collector and the remote monitoring terminal) is relatively long or the environment is relatively complex, resulting in affected direct wireless connection for signal transmission, or when devices such as the data collector do not have wireless connection functions.

[0056] Basic principle of the present invention: When the ladle stirring is not yet uniform, due to the difference in the transmission path, the measurement data characteristics of the symmetrically installed vibration sensors affected by the stirring vibration must be different. Therefore, the monitoring device, the monitoring method, and the blowing real-time control method can all be designed based on this basic principle.

[0057] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, such as the specific layout of the vibration sensors, the composition method of the data collector, the system connection method, etc. Without departing from the premise of utilizing the symmetry characteristics, these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement, characterized in that The monitoring system includes a ladle monitoring subsystem and / or a trolley monitoring subsystem, and a remote monitoring terminal; the ladle monitoring subsystem and the trolley monitoring subsystem each include at least two vibration sensors that are symmetrically arranged in terms of distance and angle with the ladle central axis as the axis of symmetry, and the ladle monitoring subsystem and the trolley monitoring subsystem also include data collectors; the data collectors are electrically connected to the remote monitoring terminal and each vibration sensor, and the electrical connection includes wired connection and / or wireless connection; The ladle monitoring subsystem and the trolley monitoring subsystem share a data collector or are respectively configured with data collectors; The fixed installation positions of the vibration sensors include the bottom of the ladle, the outside of the ladle, the ladle lugs, the upper edge of the ladle, or the trolley fixedly connected to the ladle; The vibration sensors measure the vibration quantity in at least one of the three directions of x, y, and z, and the vibration quantity includes at least one of displacement, velocity, or acceleration.

2. The ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement according to claim 1, wherein The data collector includes a vibration signal collector, a switching power supply, a circuit breaker, and a protective box. The vibration signal collector includes a wireless router vibration collector, and the vibration signal collector includes a multi-channel interface, and each channel accesses the measurement signal of a vibration sensor.

3. The ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation positions of the vibration sensors on the trolley include a support seat, or the base of the support platform body or the column of the support platform body, and the installation positions transmit the vibration caused by the stirring of the molten steel inside the ladle.

4. A ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, Three vibration sensors are arranged in a circumferential pattern at equal distances with an interval of 120 degrees in the same plane.

5. The ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement according to claim 1, wherein Four vibration sensors are arranged in a circumferential pattern at equal distances with an interval of 90 degrees in the same plane.

6. The ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement according to claim 1, wherein Vibration sensors are symmetrically arranged in two or more different planes respectively.

7. A ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement according to claim 1, wherein, The vibration sensors include wireless vibration sensors, which are radio-connected to the data collector, and the wireless connection is realized through a wireless router relay unit.

8. The ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement according to claim 1, wherein The installation methods of the vibration sensors include threaded installation, magnetic seat installation, glue installation, or snap installation.

9. The ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement according to claim 1, wherein, The vibration sensors include five functional modules that are electrically connected in sequence: signal sensing, signal conditioning, signal acquisition, data analysis, and data uploading.

10. A ladle refining monitoring system based on vibration measurement according to claim 1, wherein, The monitoring system also includes a wireless receiving router, which is respectively connected to the vibration sensors and the data collectors, or is respectively connected to the data collectors and the remote monitoring terminals.

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