A method and system for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen refueling stations, and more specifically to a method and system for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system. The method includes real-time acquisition of the current temperature and pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage system; inputting the current temperature, current pressure, and the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency into a PID controller to output a control signal to control the current hydrogen absorption / desorption process; the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency are obtained by multi-objective optimization of a target fitting curve. That is, the solution of the present invention can comprehensively consider the coupled reaction of temperature and pressure to improve the accuracy of hydrogen absorption / desorption control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen refueling stations. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method and system for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system. Background Art

[0002] Solid-state hydrogen storage is a hydrogen storage technology that uses solid materials to adsorb and release hydrogen. It mainly relies on materials such as hydrogen-absorbing alloys, metal hydrides, chemical hydrides or hydrogenated carbon. These materials can adsorb hydrogen under certain conditions and release it when needed. It has many advantages, such as high volume hydrogen storage capacity, no need for high-pressure and insulated containers, good safety, no explosion hazard, high-purity hydrogen can be obtained, increased added value of hydrogen, and convenient storage and transportation.

[0003] Solid-state hydrogen storage materials can rapidly absorb hydrogen at room temperature and pressure, reacting to form hydrides, which are then stored as metal oxides. When needed, these hydrogen can be released for use by increasing the temperature or reducing the pressure. However, metal hydrides are susceptible to temperature and pressure fluctuations during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process.

[0004] In the related art, such as the Chinese patent document with authorization announcement number CN114955987B, which discloses a method for controlling the self-judgment of the highest efficiency hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system, the document collects the pressure value / temperature and the corresponding hydrogen absorption / desorption rate during the hydrogen absorption / desorption process of the solid-state hydrogen storage system; fits the pressure value / temperature value-hydrogen absorption / desorption rate curve based on the collected hydrogen absorption / desorption pressure value / temperature and hydrogen absorption / desorption rate; analyzes the pressure value / temperature value-hydrogen absorption / desorption rate curve, and controls the solid-state hydrogen storage system to achieve the highest efficiency hydrogen absorption / desorption, so that the system automatically determines and adjusts parameters to maintain the highest hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency.

[0005] However, the above technical solution uses pressure data to control hydrogen absorption and temperature data to control hydrogen release, ignoring the coupled reaction of temperature and pressure (the coupled reaction specifically refers to the mutual influence between temperature and pressure, such as increasing the temperature to promote hydrogen release but causing the pressure to increase excessively), which leads to a large deviation in the curve of the single-feature fitting, resulting in poor hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency during the actual hydrogen absorption / desorption process when the optimal temperature and optimal pressure are selected.

[0006] Therefore, the prior art ignores the disadvantage of large curve deviation in single-feature fitting of temperature and pressure coupled reactions, which results in inaccurate control of hydrogen absorption and desorption. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method and system for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the temperature and pressure coupling reaction is ignored, resulting in inaccurate hydrogen absorption / desorption control. To this end, the present invention provides solutions in the following two aspects.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system, comprising:

[0009] Real-time collection of current temperature and pressure during the hydrogen absorption / desorption process;

[0010] Obtain the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency;

[0011] The current temperature, current pressure, and the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency are input into a PID controller to output a control signal to control the current hydrogen absorption / desorption process; the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency are obtained by performing multi-objective optimization on a target fitting curve;

[0012] The target fitting curve is as follows: obtaining pressure data, temperature data and target rate sequence of the solid-state hydrogen storage system during the historical target process; and fitting a pressure-target rate curve and a temperature-target rate curve; the historical target process is a hydrogen absorption process or a hydrogen release process;

[0013] The pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve of the historical target process are fused using the first weight and the second weight to obtain a target fitting curve; the first weight and the second weight are respectively the normalized values ​​of the first similarity and the second similarity; the first similarity represents the similarity between the standardized pressure data and the standardized target rate sequence, and the second similarity represents the similarity between the standardized temperature data and the standardized target rate sequence.

[0014] In the above scheme, the influence of temperature and pressure on the target rate in the historical target process is considered, thereby determining the importance of temperature and pressure to the target rate. Then, based on the importance of temperature and pressure, the pressure-target rate curve and temperature-target rate curve obtained in the historical target process are fused to obtain the target fitting curve. The target fitting curve that is more consistent with the historical target process can be obtained, and the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency can be obtained, providing accurate data support for the subsequent real-time temperature and pressure control of the solid-state hydrogen storage system.

[0015] Optionally, when the historical target process is a historical hydrogen absorption process, the target rate sequence is a hydrogen absorption rate sequence; when the historical target process is a historical hydrogen desorption process, the target rate sequence is a hydrogen desorption rate sequence.

[0016] Optionally, the step of fusing the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve in the historical target process using the first weight and the second weight to obtain the target fitting curve includes:

[0017] The target rates of the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve at the same sampling time are weighted using the first weight and the second weight to obtain a weighted target rate, and then all weighted target rates are obtained, and a target fitting curve is formed based on the corresponding pressures, temperatures and weighted target rates at all sampling times; the sum of the first weight and the second weight is 1.

[0018] The above scheme comprehensively considers the influence of temperature and pressure on the target rate in the historical target process, thereby obtaining a comprehensive curve in two dimensions.

[0019] Optionally, the first similarity is an average of first similarities corresponding to windows of multiple different lengths;

[0020] The first similarity for: ; n represents the first The number of windows after the standardized pressure data and the standardized target rate sequence in the historical target process are divided into these windows. Indicates the The length of the window, Indicates the The difference between the jth element of the target velocity segment and the jth element of the pressure segment during the first sliding, Indicates the The difference between the slopes of the jth element of the target rate segment and the jth element of the pressure segment during the first sliding. exp( ) is an exponential function, and the slope is the ratio of the difference between the j+1th element and the jth element in the corresponding sequence segment to the sampling time interval.

[0021] In the above scheme, the pressure data and target rate sequences in the historical target process of the solid-state hydrogen storage system are divided into windows of different lengths, and the importance of pressure to the target rate is determined based on the similarity of the changing trends of the target rate and pressure in different windows.

[0022] Optionally, the second similarity is an average of second similarities corresponding to windows of multiple different lengths;

[0023] The second similarity for: ; n represents the first The number of windows after the standardized temperature data and the standardized target rate sequence in the historical target process are divided into these windows respectively. Indicates the The length of the window, Indicates the The difference between the jth element of the target rate segment and the jth element of the temperature segment during the first sliding, Indicates the The difference between the slopes of the jth element of the target rate segment and the jth element of the temperature segment during the first sliding. exp( ) is an exponential function, and the slope is the ratio of the difference between the j+1th element and the jth element in the corresponding sequence segment to the sampling time interval.

[0024] In the above scheme, the temperature data and target rate sequences in the historical target process of the solid-state hydrogen storage system are divided into windows of different lengths, and the importance of temperature to the target rate is determined based on the similarity of the changing trends of the target rate and temperature in different windows.

[0025] Optionally, the standardization adopts one of Z-score standardization, maximum and minimum value standardization and range standardization.

[0026] The above scheme adopts standardized processing to simplify calculation and eliminate the dimension effect.

[0027] Optionally, the multi-objective optimization of the target fitting curve is implemented using a Pareto frontier algorithm.

[0028] Optionally, when the fitted pressure-target rate curve is a pressure-hydrogen absorption rate curve, the pressure-hydrogen absorption rate curve The expression is:

[0029] ;

[0030] in, is the t-th pressure, is the fitting parameter, and e is a natural constant.

[0031] Optionally, the controlling of the current hydrogen absorption / desorption process includes:

[0032] According to the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency and the current temperature and pressure, the temperature difference and pressure difference are calculated, the two differences are input into the PID controller, and the control signal is output to control the corresponding valve.

[0033] In a second aspect, a solid-state hydrogen storage system hydrogen absorption and desorption control system comprises:

[0034] processor;

[0035] The memory stores computer instructions for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system. When the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the system executes the above-mentioned method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0037] Compared with the existing technology that only uses pressure data to control the hydrogen absorption and temperature data to control the hydrogen desorption process, which leads to large deviations in the actual hydrogen absorption / desorption rate of the solid-state hydrogen storage system and damage to the hydrogen storage material, the solution of the present invention can obtain accurate parameters corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency through dual-characteristic fitting curves of temperature, pressure and hydrogen absorption / desorption rate to perform real-time hydrogen absorption / desorption control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A flowchart schematically illustrates a method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to the present embodiment;

[0039] Figure 2 The structural block diagram of a hydrogen absorption and desorption control system of a solid-state hydrogen storage system in this embodiment is schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0042] Step S1: Real-time acquisition of the current temperature and pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage system. Specifically, a thermocouple sensor and a piezoresistive sensor disposed inside the solid-state hydrogen storage system are used to respectively acquire the current temperature and pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage system during the target process.

[0043] The target process can be either hydrogen absorption or desorption. When the target process is hydrogen absorption, the current temperature and pressure of the solid-state hydrogen storage system during the absorption process are collected. Subsequent control also corresponds to the current temperature and pressure during the absorption process.

[0044] Step S2, obtaining the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency.

[0045] This embodiment takes into account the varying sensitivities of hydrogen storage materials to temperature and pressure changes during the absorption and desorption processes in solid-state hydrogen storage systems, as well as the strong coupling between temperature and pressure. For example, a temperature rise during absorption without timely heat dissipation can increase the equilibrium pressure within the system, reducing the absorption rate. Overheating during desorption can also increase the equilibrium pressure within the system, accelerating the desorption rate and leading to deactivation of the hydrogen storage material. Therefore, during the absorption and desorption processes, the coupling between temperature and pressure is comprehensively considered to determine the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal absorption and desorption efficiency.

[0046] The process of obtaining the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency includes steps S21-S24, specifically:

[0047] Step S21, obtaining pressure data, temperature data and target rate sequence during the historical target process of the solid-state hydrogen storage system; and fitting a pressure-target rate curve and a temperature-target rate curve.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, the temperature, pressure and target rate of the historical target process at different collection moments are obtained from the historical record data, and then the temperature data, pressure data and target rate sequence corresponding to the historical target process are obtained.

[0049] It should be noted that the temperature during the historical target process is obtained by using a thermocouple sensor to collect data on the solid-state hydrogen storage system at historical moments; the pressure during the historical target process is obtained by using a piezoresistive sensor to collect data on the solid-state hydrogen storage system at historical moments.

[0050] The target rate is calculated using the static capacity method, dynamic adsorption method, or weight method. The target rate is the weight increase (hydrogen absorption) or decrease (hydrogen release) per unit time in the solid-state hydrogen storage system.

[0051] The historical target process of this embodiment is a historical hydrogen absorption process or a historical hydrogen desorption process; when the historical target process is a historical hydrogen absorption process, the target rate sequence is a hydrogen absorption rate sequence; when the historical target process is a historical hydrogen desorption process, the target rate sequence is a hydrogen desorption rate sequence.

[0052] When the historical target process is the historical hydrogen absorption process, the fitted pressure-target rate curve is the pressure-hydrogen absorption rate curve. The expression is:

[0053] ;

[0054] in, is the t-th pressure, is the fitting parameter, and e is a natural constant.

[0055] The fitted temperature-target rate curve is the temperature-hydrogen absorption rate curve. The expression is:

[0056] ;

[0057] in, is the t-th pressure, is the fitting parameter, and e is a natural constant.

[0058] The t in the above is the serial number of the temperature and pressure collected during the historical hydrogen absorption process. The serial number corresponds to the sampling time one by one, and the time period between two adjacent collection times is the sampling time interval.

[0059] When the historical target process is a historical hydrogen desorption process, a fitted pressure-hydrogen desorption rate curve and a temperature-hydrogen desorption rate curve can be obtained. The fitting method is the same as that of the historical hydrogen absorption process, which will not be repeated here.

[0060] Step S22 , calculating a first similarity between the pressure data and the target rate sequence and a second similarity between the temperature data and the target rate sequence in the historical target process.

[0061] Before calculating the first similarity and the second similarity, it is also necessary to perform standardization processing on the pressure data, temperature data and target rate sequence of the historical target process.

[0062] Among them, the standardization methods include Z-score standardization, maximum and minimum value standardization, or range standardization.

[0063] In one embodiment, the first similarity may be the DTW distance between the normalized pressure data and the normalized target rate sequence; the second similarity may be the DTW distance between the normalized temperature data and the normalized target rate sequence.

[0064] The DTW distance is obtained using the DTW (Dynamic Time Warping) algorithm.

[0065] In another embodiment, the process of obtaining the first similarity is:

[0066] First, multiple windows of different lengths are preset. Specifically, multiple windows of different lengths can be set, wherein the upper limit of the length is the length of the collected pressure data or temperature data, and the lower limit is greater than 1.

[0067] Secondly, according to the set step size, any window is used to slide the target rate sequence, pressure data and temperature data in the historical target process to obtain the division result of any window; the division result includes the pressure segment and target rate segment during multiple sliding.

[0068] In this embodiment, the target rate sequence, pressure data, and temperature data are segmented by setting windows of different lengths to obtain target rate segments, pressure segments, and temperature segments under different sliding times.

[0069] It should be noted that in this embodiment, by setting multiple windows of different lengths, it is possible to obtain the segmentation results of the target rate series, pressure data, and temperature data under each window type. In other words, segmentation results under windows of all lengths can be obtained. For example, when there are 10 windows of different lengths, 10 groups of segmentation results can be obtained.

[0070] The above-mentioned setting step size can be determined according to actual conditions. The values ​​of the setting step sizes for windows of different lengths when sliding the window can be the same or different. The value range of the setting step size is [1, L], where L is the length of the window when sliding the window.

[0071] Then, the first similarity of the division result under any window is calculated, and the average of the first similarities corresponding to windows of different lengths is taken as the first similarity.

[0072] Among them, the first similarity for: ; n represents the first The number of windows after the standardized pressure data and the standardized target rate sequence in the historical target process are divided into these windows. Indicates the The length of the window, Indicates the The difference between the jth element of the target velocity segment and the jth element of the pressure segment during the first sliding, Indicates the The difference between the slopes of the jth element of the target rate segment and the jth element of the pressure segment during the first sliding. exp( ) is an exponential function, and the slope is the ratio of the difference between the j+1th element and the jth element in the corresponding sequence segment to the sampling time interval.

[0073] The slope difference is the difference between the ratio of the difference between the j+1th element and the jth element in the corresponding pressure and target rate segments to the sampling time interval. The sampling time interval is the interval between the sampling times of the j+1th element and the jth element.

[0074] The second similarity is the average of the second similarities corresponding to windows of different lengths. for: ; n represents the first The number of windows after the standardized temperature data and the standardized target rate sequence in the historical target process are divided into these windows respectively. Indicates the The length of the window, Indicates the The difference between the jth element of the target rate segment and the jth element of the temperature segment during the first sliding, Indicates the The difference between the slopes of the jth element of the target rate segment and the jth element of the temperature segment during the first sliding. exp( ) is an exponential function.

[0075] In this embodiment, the sensitivity of the solid-state hydrogen storage system to pressure and temperature during the historical target process is calculated by comparing the similarity between the target rate and the pressure and temperature change trends in different windows. The greater the sensitivity, the greater the impact of the target rate on the characteristic.

[0076] Step S23, normalizing the first similarity and the second similarity to obtain a first weight and a second weight, and using the first weight and the second weight to fuse the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve in the historical target process to obtain a target fitting curve.

[0077] Because the properties of hydrogen storage materials in solid-state hydrogen storage systems change over time and sensors sample at intervals, the collected hydrogen absorption rate during the hydrogen absorption process cannot cover all possible values. As a result, existing techniques directly select the temperature and pressure corresponding to the historical maximum hydrogen absorption rate, resulting in a suboptimal hydrogen absorption rate. Therefore, in this embodiment, the pressure and temperature data from the solid-state hydrogen storage system's historical target process are fitted to the target rate sequence, respectively, to obtain a pressure-target rate curve and a temperature-target rate curve. These two curves are then fused using a first weight and a second weight to obtain a target fitting curve.

[0078] Specifically, the target rates of the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve at the same sampling moment are weighted using the first weight and the second weight to obtain a weighted target rate, and then all weighted target rates are obtained, based on a target fitting curve consisting of the corresponding pressures, temperatures and weighted target rates at all sampling moments.

[0079] When the historical target process is the historical hydrogen absorption process, the target fitting curve is the hydrogen absorption fitting curve, specifically: ;

[0080] in, is the hydrogen absorption fitting curve of the historical hydrogen absorption process, The pressure-hydrogen absorption rate curve representing the historical hydrogen absorption process, The temperature-hydrogen absorption rate curve representing the fitted historical hydrogen absorption process, is the first weight, is the second weight, and the sum of the first weight and the second weight is 1.

[0081] Specifically, the first weight is: ;

[0082] The second weight is: ;

[0083] in, Indicates the first similarity between the hydrogen absorption rate sequence and the pressure data in the historical hydrogen absorption process, Indicates the second similarity between the hydrogen absorption rate sequence and the temperature data in the historical hydrogen absorption process.

[0084] Furthermore, considering the potential for hydrogen desorption during the hydrogen absorption process, the target fitting curve in this embodiment can also be obtained by subtracting the hydrogen absorption fitting curve from the hydrogen desorption fitting curve during the hydrogen absorption process to obtain the final hydrogen absorption fitting curve. It should be noted that the process for obtaining the hydrogen desorption fitting curve during the hydrogen absorption process is the same as that for obtaining the hydrogen absorption fitting curve during the hydrogen absorption process, with the only difference being that the hydrogen desorption fitting curve during the hydrogen absorption process considers the hydrogen desorption rate during the hydrogen desorption phenomenon.

[0085] In step S24, a multi-objective optimization is performed on the target fitting curve using the temperature and pressure limits of the solid-state hydrogen storage system as constraints to obtain the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency.

[0086] Taking the hydrogen absorption process as an example, the Pareto front is used to obtain the temperature and pressure corresponding to the maximum hydrogen absorption efficiency within the temperature and pressure limits of the solid-state hydrogen storage system. Specifically, the temperature and pressure limits (constraints) are set according to the material properties of the solid-state hydrogen storage system. A grid search (Monte Carlo sampling) is used to generate candidate points for temperature-pressure combinations within the limits. Each candidate point is substituted into the target fitting curve and the hydrogen absorption efficiency is calculated. When the hydrogen absorption efficiency of one candidate point A is greater than that of another candidate point B, point A dominates point B. This process is repeated to obtain a candidate point that is not dominated by other points as the temperature and pressure corresponding to the maximum hydrogen absorption efficiency.

[0087] Step S3: input the current temperature, current pressure, and the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency into a PID controller to output a control signal to control the current hydrogen absorption / desorption process.

[0088] Specifically, the temperature difference and pressure difference are calculated based on the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency and the current temperature and pressure. The two differences are input into the PID controller, which outputs a control signal to control the corresponding valve.

[0089] Among them, the fuzzy rules when performing PID control are set by the implementers and will not be elaborated here.

[0090] The solution of the present invention comprehensively considers the influence of temperature and pressure on the hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency during the hydrogen absorption / desorption process, which can avoid the problem in the prior art that the actual hydrogen absorption / desorption rate of the solid-state hydrogen storage system deteriorates significantly due to the regulation of the hydrogen absorption / desorption process by only pressure data and temperature data, thereby improving the accuracy of temperature and pressure control during the hydrogen absorption / desorption process.

[0091] The present invention also provides a solid-state hydrogen storage system hydrogen absorption and desorption control system. Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, a method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to the present invention is implemented.

[0092] The system further includes other components well known to those skilled in the art, such as a communication bus and a communication interface. The configuration and functions of these components are known in the art and thus will not be described in detail here.

[0093] In the present invention, the aforementioned memory can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. For example, the computer-readable storage medium can be any suitable magnetic or magneto-optical storage medium, such as Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Enhanced Dynamic Random Access Memory (EDRAM), High-Bandwidth Memory (HBM), Hybrid Memory Cube (HMC), etc., or any other medium that can be used to store the required information and can be accessed by an application, module, or both. Any such computer storage medium can be part of, accessible to, or connectable to a device. Any application or module described in the present invention can be implemented by computer-readable / executable instructions stored or otherwise retained by such a computer-readable medium.

[0094] In the description of this specification, “a plurality of” means at least two, for example, two, three or more, etc., unless otherwise clearly defined.

[0095] Although this specification has shown and described several embodiments of the present invention, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Those skilled in the art will conceive of many modifications, changes and substitutions without departing from the idea and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system, characterized in that: include: Real-time collection of current temperature and pressure during the hydrogen absorption / desorption process; Obtain the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency; The current temperature, current pressure, and the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency are input into a PID controller to output a control signal to control the current hydrogen absorption / desorption process; the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency are obtained by performing multi-objective optimization on a target fitting curve; The target fitting curve is as follows: obtaining pressure data, temperature data and target rate sequence of the solid-state hydrogen storage system during the historical target process; and fitting a pressure-target rate curve and a temperature-target rate curve; the historical target process is a hydrogen absorption process or a hydrogen release process; The pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve of the historical target process are fused using the first weight and the second weight to obtain a target fitting curve; the first weight and the second weight are respectively the normalized values ​​of the first similarity and the second similarity; the first similarity represents the similarity between the standardized pressure data and the standardized target rate sequence, and the second similarity represents the similarity between the standardized temperature data and the standardized target rate sequence; The first similarity is the average of the first similarities corresponding to windows of different lengths; for: ; n represents the first The number of windows after the standardized pressure data and the standardized target rate sequence in the historical target process are divided into these windows. Indicates the The length of the window, Indicates the The difference between the jth element of the target velocity segment and the jth element of the pressure segment during the first sliding, Indicates the The difference between the slopes of the jth element of the target rate segment and the jth element of the pressure segment during the first sliding. exp( ) is an exponential function, and the slope is the ratio of the difference between the j+1th element and the jth element in the corresponding sequence segment to the sampling time interval.

2. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the historical target process is the historical hydrogen absorption process, the target rate sequence is the hydrogen absorption rate sequence; when the historical target process is the historical hydrogen desorption process, the target rate sequence is the hydrogen desorption rate sequence.

3. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method of fusing the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve of the historical target process using the first weight and the second weight to obtain the target fitting curve includes: The target rates of the pressure-target rate curve and the temperature-target rate curve at the same sampling time are weighted using the first weight and the second weight to obtain a weighted target rate, and then all weighted target rates are obtained, and a target fitting curve is formed based on the corresponding pressures, temperatures and weighted target rates at all sampling times; the sum of the first weight and the second weight is 1.

4. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second similarity is an average of the second similarities corresponding to windows of multiple different lengths; The second similarity for: ; n represents the first The number of windows after the standardized temperature data and the standardized target rate sequence in the historical target process are divided into these windows respectively. Indicates the The length of the window, Indicates the The difference between the jth element of the target rate segment and the jth element of the temperature segment during the first sliding, Indicates the The difference between the slopes of the jth element of the target rate segment and the jth element of the temperature segment during the first sliding. exp( ) is an exponential function, and the slope is the ratio of the difference between the j+1th element and the jth element in the corresponding sequence segment to the sampling time interval.

5. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The standardization adopts one of Z-score standardization, maximum and minimum value standardization and range standardization.

6. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-objective optimization of the target fitting curve is achieved by using the Pareto frontier algorithm.

7. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the fitted pressure-target rate curve is a pressure-hydrogen absorption rate curve, the pressure-hydrogen absorption rate curve The expression is: ； in, is the t-th pressure, is the fitting parameter, and e is a natural constant.

8. A method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption in a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The controlling of the current hydrogen absorption / desorption process includes: According to the temperature and pressure corresponding to the optimal hydrogen absorption / desorption efficiency and the current temperature and pressure, the temperature difference and pressure difference are calculated, the two differences are input into the PID controller, and the control signal is output to control the corresponding valve.

9. A solid-state hydrogen storage system hydrogen absorption and desorption control system, characterized in that: include: processor; A memory storing computer instructions for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system. When the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the system executes a method for controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption of a solid-state hydrogen storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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