Atomization combustion device based on cooperative regulation and control of electric field and rotational flow air

Abstract

The invention discloses an atomization combustion device based on electric field and rotational flow air cooperative regulation and control, and relates to the field of aero-engine combustion. The device comprises a premixing atomization part and a combustion chamber part. Fuel flows in from the brass body liquid inlet section, the lower end of the premixing atomization part is connected with the nozzle connecting base, and the centrifugal nozzle is installed on the nozzle connecting base and is responsible for spraying out the fuel. The brass rod is inserted into the upper end of the liquid inlet section of the brass main body and cooperates with the acrylic positioning gasket, so that the brass rod and the liquid inlet section are kept coaxial, and the fuel is charged. And the middle section of the brass main body liquid inlet section is connected with an air blast pipe for introducing air. After air enters, turbulent flow is adjusted through the air rectifier, then rotational flow air is formed through the air swirler, combustible mixed fuel carrying charges is formed in cooperation with fuel, and finally the combustible mixed fuel enters the combustion chamber. The upper portion and the lower portion of the combustion chamber part are formed by fixing a combustion chamber bottom plate and a combustion chamber cover plate, and a diffuser is arranged on the combustion chamber bottom plate to assist fuel to be mixed with air. And the annular electrode is arranged on the side wall plate to form a space electric field so as to regulate and control combustion atomization. The external electric field is coupled with rotational flow air, hydrocarbon fuel is effectively regulated and controlled, and the problems that atomization in a combustion chamber of an aero-engine is insufficient, and combustion is unstable under the complex rotational flow condition are hopefully solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of aviation combustion, and in particular to an atomizing combustion device based on coordinated regulation of electric field and swirl air. Background Art

[0002] As the core power unit of aircraft, aircraft engines play a decisive role in flight efficiency, environmental protection level and overall performance of aircraft. As a key component of aircraft engines, the working state of the combustion chamber directly affects engine performance. The fuel atomization quality and combustion efficiency are not only related to power output, but also determine the emission level. Therefore, improving the atomization quality of fuel in the combustion chamber and optimizing the combustion efficiency have become the core direction of the development of aircraft engine technology.

[0003] At present, aero-engine fuel atomization mainly relies on traditional nozzle technologies such as pressure, centrifugal and swirl nozzles. Although the combined nozzle has improved the atomization efficiency to a certain extent, relying solely on mechanical structure improvements has reached its limit, especially under complex incoming flows and extreme working conditions, it is difficult to ensure ideal atomization efficiency and combustion stability. In order to break through this technical bottleneck, researchers began to explore the use of external physical fields to improve atomization and combustion efficiency.

[0004] At present, the technology of using an external electric field to control the atomization and combustion process has been preliminarily verified, but innovative solutions for applying it to the swirl flame combustion process to meet the needs of actual application scenarios of aircraft engines have yet to be developed. Existing studies have shown that by adding a mixed solution of ionic liquids to hydrocarbon fuel aviation kerosene, the introduction of an electric field in a direct-injection nozzle can improve the atomization efficiency, but this type of charged nozzle has problems with small atomization area and small flow rate, and cannot meet the atomization requirements of large-flow aircraft engines. In addition, as the incoming flow conditions in aircraft engines become increasingly complex, combustion instability behavior will occur, and it becomes increasingly important to effectively control the swirl flame. Summary of the invention

[0005] Technical issues to be solved:

[0006] The present invention provides an atomizing combustion device based on coordinated regulation of electric field and swirl air, aiming to solve the problems of small atomizing area and small flow rate of the atomizing device in the combustion chamber of an aircraft engine in the prior art and unstable combustion under complex swirl conditions. The device innovatively combines the composite structure of a centrifugal nozzle and swirl air to stably regulate the swirl combustion flame and spray under the action of an electric field, effectively improving the fuel atomization effect and enhancing the stability of the flame.

[0007] Technical solution:

[0008] An atomizing combustion device based on the collaborative regulation of electric field and swirling air, the main body of which includes a brass rod (1), a brass main body liquid inlet section (2), an acrylic sealing gasket (3), an air blowing duct (4), an air rectifier (5), an acrylic positioning gasket (6), a nozzle connection base (7), an air swirler (8) and a centrifugal nozzle (9); a combustion chamber bottom plate (10), a combustion chamber cover plate (11), a side wall plate (12), a ring electrode (13), a glass plate (14), a diffuser (15) and a rubber gasket (16);

[0009] The diameter of the brass rod (1) is 5 mm. After being inserted into one end of the brass main body liquid inlet section (2), it is kept coaxial with the acrylic positioning gasket (6). A voltage of 0 - 9 kV can be applied to the brass rod. One end of the brass main body liquid inlet section (2) is provided with a hole with an electrode insertion hole diameter of 0.5 - 0.6 mm. The side is the liquid inlet end with an inlet pressure of 0 - 1 mpa and an inlet flow rate of 0 - 10 ml / s. The middle section is threadedly connected to the air blowing duct (4) and sealed by the acrylic sealing gasket (3). The other end is connected to the nozzle connection base (7) through an external thread; Two air inlets with a diameter of 5 mm are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the air blowing duct (4). The inlet flow rate of air is designed to be 0 - 40 ml / s, and the inlet pressure range is 0 - 2 Mpa. One end is connected to the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) through a wheel structure with a rubber gasket (16) provided at the connection; The air rectifier (5) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material and is fixed on the outside of the brass main body liquid inlet section (2) through a card slot; The lower end of the nozzle connection base (7) is threadedly connected to the centrifugal nozzle (9); The air swirler (8) is arranged outside the nozzle connection base (7); The combustion chamber bottom plate (10) is provided with a square groove for installing the side wall plate (12) and the glass plate (14), and a diffuser (15) is installed in the center and connected by a wheel structure; The combustion chamber cover plate (11) is provided with a square groove corresponding to the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) and is connected to the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) by bolts; The side wall plate (12) is provided with 3 mm small holes for installing the ring electrode (13), and the voltage applied to the ring electrode ranges from 0 - 9 kV.

[0010] Preferably, the side of the brass main body liquid inlet section (2) is provided with a stepped liquid inlet section with an outer diameter of 7 mm and an inner diameter of 5 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the air rectifier (5) is provided with a multi-layer structure formed by laminating 3 layers of perforated layers to make the flow field uniform; One end of the multi-layer structure is provided with a convex part for assisting in adjusting the air flow, and the block-shaped convex parts are evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the multi-layer structure.

[0012] Preferably, the air swirler (8) can change the angle of different blades to change the air flow field.

[0013] Preferably, two side wall plates (12) are provided on both sides of the combustion chamber, which are made of ceramic materials. The air blast duct (4) and the air swirler (8) are made of polytetrafluoro materials. The brass main body liquid inlet section (2), the brass rod (1) and the centrifugal nozzle (9) are all made of brass materials.

[0014] Preferably, the side wall plate (12) is provided with corresponding small holes for installing the annular electrode (13), and the small holes with different heights can be inserted to adjust the space electric field.

[0015] Preferably, four corresponding small holes are respectively opened on the combustion chamber cover plate (11) and the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) for bolt connection.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] First, the device adopts an innovative composite spray structure design, combines the centrifugal nozzle with the swirling air, and can further improve the atomization efficiency under large flow conditions under the external electrode in the burner. After the fuel is charged by the brass electrode, with the coupling effect of the swirling air and the space electric field, the precise control of the atomization process under the swirling air is realized.

[0018] Second, an annular space electric field is set in the combustion chamber to further optimize the combustion process. The action of the space electric field makes the fuel flame more evenly distributed during the combustion process, enhances the stability of the flame, avoids the phenomenon of flame jitter or extinction, ensures the continuity and high efficiency of the combustion process, and effectively controls the combustion flame.

[0019] Third, the device adopts the modular design concept, and each functional component can be flexibly disassembled, assembled and replaced, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance and optimization, and significantly reduces the operation difficulty. The air swirler can select the axial or radial type according to needs to realize the conversion of the direct or swirling air flow pattern; the replaceable design at the nozzle connection makes it possible to replace nozzles of different specifications according to different working conditions, improving the applicability and controllability of the device. Description of the drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional sectional view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is the front sectional view;

[0022] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the air rectifier;

[0023] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the air swirler;

[0024] Figure 5 is the top view of the air swirler;

[0025] In the figure, there are brass rod (1), brass main body liquid inlet section (2), acrylic sealing gasket (3), air blowing duct (4), air rectifier (5), acrylic positioning gasket (6), nozzle connection base (7), air swirler (8) and centrifugal nozzle (9); combustion chamber bottom plate (10), combustion chamber cover plate (11), side wall plate (12), annular electrode (13), glass plate (14), diffuser (15) and rubber gasket (16). Detailed implementation mode

[0026] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, an atomizing combustion device based on the collaborative regulation of electric field and swirling air includes a brass rod (1), a brass main body liquid inlet section (2), an acrylic sealing gasket (3), an air blowing duct (4), an air rectifier (5), an acrylic positioning gasket (6), a nozzle connection base (7), an air swirler (8) and a centrifugal nozzle (9); a combustion chamber bottom plate (10), a combustion chamber cover plate (11), a side wall plate (12), an annular electrode (13), a glass plate (14), a diffuser (15) and a rubber gasket (16). Among them, the brass rod (1) is inserted into one end of the brass main body liquid inlet section (2) and then cooperates with the acrylic positioning gasket (6) to maintain a coaxial state; one end of the brass main body liquid inlet section (2) is provided with an electrode insertion hole, the middle section is threadedly connected with the air blowing duct (4) and sealed by the acrylic sealing gasket (3), and the other end is connected with the nozzle connection base (7) through an external thread; both sides of the air blowing duct (4) are provided with air inlet holes, and one end is connected to the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) through a wheel structure by a thread, and a rubber gasket (16) is provided at the connection; the air rectifier (5) is fixed on the outside of the brass main body liquid inlet section (2) through a card slot; the lower end of the nozzle connection base (7) is threadedly connected with the centrifugal nozzle (9); the air swirler (8) is arranged outside the nozzle connection base (7); the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) is provided with a square groove for installing the side wall plate (12) and the glass plate (14), and a diffuser (15) is installed in the center and connected by a wheel structure; the combustion chamber cover plate (11) is provided with a square groove corresponding to the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) and is bolted to the combustion chamber bottom plate (10); the side wall plate (12) is provided with small holes for installing the annular electrode (13);

[0028] In this embodiment, the brass main body liquid inlet section (2) is made of brass material with excellent electrical conductivity. A liquid inlet channel for the mixed fuel is provided on its side to supply the mixed fuel for the device. The small hole at the top is used to insert the brass rod (1), and high-voltage electricity can be loaded on the brass rod. The brass rod charges the mixed fuel through the potential difference. The part of the brass main body liquid inlet section (2) in contact with the air blast pipe (4) is isolated by an acrylic sealing gasket (3) to ensure the reliability of gas-liquid separation and reduce charge loss. The brass rod (1) is inserted into one end of the brass main body liquid inlet section (2) and cooperates with the acrylic positioning gasket (6) to maintain a coaxial state, extending near the centrifugal nozzle (9). By adjusting the insertion depth of the brass rod (1), the electric field distribution can be optimized, thereby enhancing the charge efficiency of the fuel.

[0029] In this embodiment, the air blast pipe (4) is made of polytetrafluoro material, and symmetric air inlets are provided in the middle for the entry of air fluid. The air flows into the air swirler (8) after passing through the air rectifier (5). The multi-layer structure design of the rectifier can eliminate turbulence, make the air flow more uniform, and improve the mixing effect with the fuel. The air swirler (8) is installed outside the nozzle connection base (7). Its design includes two types: axial and radial. The air swirl direction and intensity can be adjusted according to needs. The reverse tangential force of the radial swirler helps to further break up the fuel spray.

[0030] In this embodiment, the nozzle connection base (7) is connected to the brass main body liquid inlet section (2) by a threaded structure, and a sealant is applied at the contact to ensure the tightness of the connection. The centrifugal nozzle (9) is installed at the end of the base. The centrifugal nozzle forms a conical jet of fuel through its internal structure and is fully mixed with the external air swirl when spraying, further improving the uniformity and breakup effect of the spray.

[0031] In this embodiment, the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) is connected to the air blast pipe (4) through a rubber gasket (16). A diffuser (15) is installed on the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) to reduce the gas flow rate and increase the pressure, ensuring the full mixing of fuel and air. Two side wall plates (12) are provided on both sides of the combustion chamber, made of ceramic material with good insulation performance, which can effectively block high-voltage electricity. 3mm small holes are opened on the side wall plates (12) to install the annular electrode (13), and the annular electrode (13) can be disassembled to adjust the height. The other two sides of the combustion chamber use glass plates (14) to facilitate the observation of the flame shape and combustion process.

[0032] In this embodiment, the combustion chamber cover plate (11) is connected to the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) by bolts. The spatial electric field in the combustion chamber is adjusted by the annular electrode (13) and the brass rod (1). Small holes of different heights can be opened on the side wall plate (12) to adjust the position of the annular electrode (13), and cooperate with the brass rod (1) to form a spatial electric field in the combustion chamber, further regulating the distribution and combustion process of the fuel. The electric field intensity can be flexibly adjusted according to the combustion requirements to achieve precise control of the combustion process. The design of the combustion chamber not only improves the combustion efficiency but also enhances the stability of the flame, avoiding flame jitter or extinction phenomena, and ensuring the continuity and high efficiency of the combustion process.

[0033] The above has described the embodiments of the present invention in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, but it should not be regarded as a limitation of the present invention. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can modify and optimize the above content, and all changes based on the spirit and principle of the present invention should be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An atomizing combustion device based on the collaborative regulation of electric field and swirling air, characterized in that, Including: Brass rod (1), brass main body liquid inlet section (2), acrylic sealing gasket (3), air blowing duct (4), air rectifier (5), acrylic positioning gasket (6), nozzle connection base (7), air swirler (8) and centrifugal nozzle (9); Combustion chamber bottom plate (10), combustion chamber cover plate (11), side wall plate (12), annular electrode (13), glass plate (14), diffuser (15) and rubber gasket (16); The brass rod (1) is inserted into one end of the brass main body liquid inlet section (2) and then cooperates with the acrylic positioning gasket (6) to maintain a coaxial state; One end of the brass main body liquid inlet section (2) is provided with an electrode insertion hole, the middle section is connected with the air blowing duct (4) by thread and sealed by the acrylic sealing gasket (3), and the other end is connected with the nozzle connection base (7) by external thread; The two sides of the air blowing duct (4) are provided with air inlet holes, one end is connected with the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) by thread through a wheel structure, and a rubber gasket (16) is provided at the connection; The air rectifier (5) is fixed on the outside of the brass main body liquid inlet section (2) through a card slot; The lower end of the nozzle connection base (7) is connected with the centrifugal nozzle (9) by thread; The air swirler (8) is arranged on the outside of the nozzle connection base (7); The combustion chamber bottom plate (10) is provided with a square groove to install the side wall plate (12) and the glass plate (14), and a diffuser (15) is installed in the center and connected by a wheel structure; The combustion chamber cover plate (11) is provided with a square groove corresponding to the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) and is connected with the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) by bolts; The side wall plate (12) is provided with small holes to install the annular electrode (13).

2. The atomizing combustion device based on the collaborative regulation of electric field and swirling air according to claim 1, wherein A pagoda structure liquid inlet section is provided beside the brass main body liquid inlet section (2).

3. The atomizing combustion device based on the collaborative regulation of electric field and swirling air according to claim 1, wherein The air rectifier (5) is provided with a multi-layer structure formed by laminating 3 layers of perforated layers to make the flow field uniform; One end of the multi-layer structure is provided with a convex part for assisting in adjusting the air flow, and the block-shaped convex parts are evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the multi-layer structure.

4. The atomizing combustion device based on the collaborative regulation of electric field and swirling air according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air swirler (8) can change the angles of different blades to change the air flow field.

5. The atomizing combustion device based on the collaborative regulation of electric field and swirling air according to claim 1, wherein Two side wall plates (12) are arranged on both sides of the combustion chamber and are made of ceramic materials, the air blowing duct (4) and the air swirler (8) are made of polytetrafluoro materials, and the brass main body liquid inlet section (2), the brass rod (1) and the centrifugal nozzle (9) are all made of brass materials.

6. The atomizing combustion device based on the collaborative regulation of electric field and swirling air according to claim 1, wherein The side wall plate (12) is provided with corresponding small holes to install the annular electrode (13), and the small holes with different heights can be inserted to adjust the space electric field.

7. The atomization combustion device based on the collaborative regulation of electric field and swirling air according to claim 1, characterized in that, The position of the brass rod (1) can be moved up and down to change the distance from the centrifugal nozzle (9).

8. The atomizing combustion device based on the collaborative regulation of electric field and swirling air according to claim 1, wherein, Four corresponding small holes are respectively opened on the combustion chamber cover plate (11) and the combustion chamber bottom plate (10) and are connected by bolts.

Images