Device for extracting different constituent phases of tobacco smoke

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for extracting different constituent phases of tobacco smoke. The device comprises a workbench, and a cigarette clamping mechanism, a tar phase filtering and extracting mechanism and a gas phase smoking and extracting mechanism are sequentially arranged on the upper portion of the workbench. The cigarette clamping mechanism comprises a fixing frame arranged on the workbench, a plurality of horizontal containing barrels are evenly and fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the fixing frame at intervals, one end of each containing barrel is used for clamping a cigarette, and the other end of each containing barrel is communicated to the tar phase filtering and extracting mechanism through a smoke guide pipe. The tar phase filtering and extracting mechanism comprises a tar phase advance bottle arranged on the workbench, the smoke guide pipe is communicated with the portion, close to the lower end, of the tar phase extraction bottle, the gas phase suction and extracting mechanism comprises a gas phase extraction bottle arranged on the workbench, and a sealing bottle cap is arranged on the upper portion of the gas phase extraction bottle. According to the device and the method, tar-phase and gas-phase substances in the tobacco smoke are extracted respectively, and targeted research on different constituent phases in the tobacco smoke is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tobacco smoke extraction research, and particularly to an extraction device for different constituent phases of tobacco smoke. Background Art

[0002] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a serious public health problem, characterized by progressive and irreversible decline in lung function caused by airflow obstruction, destruction of lung parenchyma, and emphysema. This disease has become the third leading potential cause of death globally. Among them, cigarette smoke (CS) exposure is the main risk factor for COPD. Therefore, it is very necessary to study and analyze harmful toxic substances in smoke. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) is an important reagent in the research of tobacco-related diseases, especially commonly used in in vitro cell experiments. In order to obtain cigarette smoke extract, it is necessary to effectively collect and extract cigarette smoke. Tobacco smoke is mainly divided into a gas phase and a particulate phase. The gas phase includes gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and volatile organic compounds, while the particulate phase is also called the tar phase, which contains many solid and liquid particles, such as nicotine, tar, and some organic substances. At present, the existing tobacco smoke extraction devices generally only extract the whole smoke. For example, a cigarette smoke extraction device disclosed in CN202321290209.7 and a CSE production and extraction device disclosed in CN202222007228.6. The above-mentioned existing technologies are difficult to classify and extract different constituent phases of tobacco smoke, so it is impossible to conduct targeted research on the related pathogenic mechanisms of different constituent phases of smoke. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an extraction device for different constituent phases of tobacco smoke. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an extraction device for different constituent phases of tobacco smoke to solve the technical problems mentioned in the above background art.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] An extraction device for different constituent phases of tobacco smoke of the present invention includes a workbench, and a cigarette clamping mechanism, a tar phase filtration and extraction mechanism, and a gas phase suction and extraction mechanism are sequentially arranged on the upper part of the workbench.

[0006] The cigarette clamping mechanism includes a fixed frame fixedly arranged on the workbench. A plurality of horizontal placement cylinders are fixedly arranged on the upper part of the fixed frame at equal intervals. One end of each placement cylinder is used for clamping a cigarette, and the other end is connected to the tar phase filtration and extraction mechanism through a smoke conduit.

[0007] The tar-phase filtration and extraction mechanism includes a tar-phase pre-bottle disposed on the workbench. The smoke conduit is communicated with a position near the lower end of the tar-phase extraction bottle. A tar-phase filter sheet is disposed inside the tar-phase extraction bottle near the upper end. The upper end of the tar-phase pre-bottle is an open structure and is detachably provided with a connecting bottle cap adapted thereto. The connecting bottle cap is communicated with the gas-phase suction extraction mechanism through a gas-phase conduit.

[0008] The gas-phase suction extraction mechanism includes a gas-phase extraction bottle disposed on the workbench. The upper part of the gas-phase extraction bottle is provided with a sealing bottle cap adapted thereto. The gas-phase conduit penetrates through the sealing bottle cap and extends to the bottom of the gas-phase extraction bottle. A vacuum extraction conduit is disposed on the sealing bottle cap. One end of the vacuum extraction conduit is communicated with the gas-phase extraction bottle, and the other end is communicated with a vacuum pump disposed on the workbench.

[0009] Further, a tapered hole is formed inside each of the placement cylinders. The large-diameter end of the tapered hole is used for inserting a cigarette, and the small-diameter end is communicated with the smoke conduit through a connecting branch pipe.

[0010] Further, two L-shaped connecting brackets with a cross-section are symmetrically and fixedly disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the placement cylinder near the large-diameter end of the tapered hole. An active rod is slidably disposed along the radial direction of the placement cylinder on each of the connecting brackets. The opposite ends of the two active rods are respectively provided with a clamping piece with an arc-shaped cross-section. And a spring is sleeved on the part of each active rod located between the clamping piece and the end wall of the connecting bracket. The opposite ends of the two active rods are respectively fixedly provided with a limiting head.

[0011] Further, a first bottle holder for supporting the tar-phase extraction bottle and a second bottle holder for supporting the gas-phase extraction bottle are fixedly disposed on the workbench.

[0012] Further, a supporting convex ring is fixedly disposed on the inner peripheral wall of the tar-phase extraction bottle near the upper end. The tar-phase filter sheet is placed on the upper part of the supporting convex ring.

[0013] Further, the tar-phase filter screen includes an outer ring body whose contour is adapted to the supporting convex ring, and a fiberglass filter sheet is disposed in the middle of the outer ring body.

[0014] Further, the connecting bottle cap includes a conduit connecting portion communicating with the gas-phase conduit. A limiting portion is provided at the lower end of the conduit connecting portion, and an extraction bottle connecting portion is provided at the lower end of the limiting portion. The outer diameters of both the conduit connecting portion and the upper end of the extraction bottle connecting portion are larger than the outer diameter of the limiting portion. A through hole is formed through the conduit connecting portion, the limiting portion, and the extraction bottle connecting portion. The extraction bottle connecting portion is in plug-in fit with the tar extraction bottle. A connecting sleeve is slidably sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the limiting portion. The lower end of the connecting sleeve is of an open structure and an internal thread is provided on its inner peripheral wall. An external thread adapted to the internal thread of the connecting sleeve is provided on the upper outer peripheral wall of the tar extraction bottle.

[0015] Further, the upper and lower ends of the extraction bottle connecting portion are planar, and its outer peripheral wall is spherical; a spherical end face adapted to the contour of the outer peripheral wall of the extraction bottle connecting portion is provided at the upper end of the inner peripheral wall of the tar extraction bottle.

[0016] Further, a sealing ring is sleeved on the portion of the limiting portion between the inner end of the top of the connecting sleeve and the upper end face of the extraction bottle connecting portion.

[0017] Further, the sealing bottle cap includes an end cap and a rubber stopper provided below the end cap and in plug-in fit with the gas-phase extraction bottle.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] In the present invention, under the negative pressure pumping action of the vacuum pump, tobacco smoke successively flows through the connecting branch pipe, the smoke conduit, the tar extraction bottle, the connecting bottle cap, the gas-phase conduit, and the gas-phase extraction bottle. When the smoke flows through the tar extraction bottle, its tar phase will be intercepted by the glass fiber filter and accumulate at the bottom of the glass fiber filter to form a brown viscous substance. Subsequently, the connecting bottle cap can be removed to take out the glass fiber filter, and after extraction with a corresponding solvent, quantitative or component analysis can be performed on the tar phase of the tobacco smoke; while the gas-phase component in the smoke enters the gas-phase extraction bottle for collection after passing through the glass fiber filter. Therefore, the present invention realizes the separate extraction of the tar phase and the gas-phase substances in the tobacco smoke, which is conducive to targeted research on different constituent phases in the tobacco smoke. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic external three-dimensional structure diagram of the whole of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic internal sectional structure diagram of the whole of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the placement cylinder structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the tar-phase filtration and extraction mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the gas-phase suction extraction mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, workbench; 2, fixing frame; 3, placement cylinder; 4, smoke conduit; 5, tapered hole; 6, cigarette; 7, connecting branch pipe; 8, connecting frame; 9, movable rod; 10, clamping piece; 11, spring; 12, limiting head; 13, tar-phase pre-extraction bottle; 14, first bottle support; 15, gas-phase conduit; 16, supporting convex ring; 17, outer ring body; 18, fiberglass filter sheet; 19, conduit connecting part; 20, limiting part; 21, extraction bottle connecting part; 22, connecting sleeve; 23, sealing ring; 24, gas-phase extraction bottle; 25, second bottle support; 26, end cover; 27, rubber stopper; 28, vacuum extraction conduit; 29, vacuum pump. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] As Figures 1-5 shown, a tobacco smoke different-constituent-phase extraction device includes a workbench 1, and a cigarette clamping mechanism, a tar-phase filtration and extraction mechanism, and a gas-phase suction extraction mechanism are sequentially arranged on the upper part of the workbench 1.

[0028] The cigarette clamping mechanism includes a fixing frame 2 fixedly arranged vertically at one end of the upper part of the workbench. A plurality of horizontal placement cylinders 3 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the upper part of the fixing frame 2. One end of each placement cylinder 3 is used for clamping a cigarette, and the other end is communicated with the tar-phase filtration and extraction mechanism through a smoke conduit 4.

[0029] A tapered hole 5 is formed inside each placement cylinder. The large-diameter end of the tapered hole 5 is used for inserting a cigarette 6, and the small-diameter end is communicated with the smoke conduit 4 through a connecting branch pipe 7. A on-off valve (not shown in the figure) is installed on each connecting branch pipe 7.

[0030] On the outer peripheral wall of the placement cylinder 3 near the large-diameter end of the tapered hole 5, two L-shaped connecting frames 8 are symmetrically and fixedly arranged. On each connecting frame 8, a movable rod 9 is slidably installed along the radial direction of the placement cylinder, and each movable rod 9 is slidably matched with a through hole formed in the connecting frame 8. The opposite ends of the two movable rods 9 are respectively fixedly provided with arc-shaped clamping pieces 10, and a spring 11 is sleeved on each movable rod 9 at the part between the clamping piece 10 and the end wall of the connecting frame 8. The opposite ends of the two movable rods 9 are respectively fixedly provided with limiting heads 12, and the outer diameter of the limiting head 12 is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole in the connecting frame 8.

[0031] In this embodiment, by providing a tapered hole in the placement cylinder, cigarettes of different diameters can be inserted, and the cigarettes are clamped and fixed by the retractable and movable clamping pieces, so that cigarettes of different specifications can be extracted, and the applicable range is relatively wide.

[0032] The tar-phase filtration and extraction mechanism includes a tar-phase extraction bottle 13 provided on the workbench 1. Specifically, a first bottle holder 14 for supporting the tar-phase extraction bottle 13 is fixedly provided on the workbench.

[0033] The smoke duct 4 is communicated with a position near the lower end of the tar-phase extraction bottle 13. A tar-phase filter sheet is provided inside the tar-phase extraction bottle 13 near the upper end. The upper end of the tar-phase extraction bottle 13 is of an open structure and is detachably provided with a connection bottle cap adapted thereto. The connection bottle cap is communicated with the gas-phase suction extraction mechanism through a gas-phase duct 15.

[0034] A support convex ring 16 integrally formed therewith is fixedly provided on the inner peripheral wall of the tar-phase extraction bottle 13 near the upper end. The tar-phase filter sheet is placed on the upper part of the support convex ring 16. The tar-phase filter screen includes an outer ring body 17 whose contour is adapted to the support convex ring 16, and a glass fiber filter sheet 18 is provided in the middle of the outer ring body 17.

[0035] The connection bottle cap includes a duct connection part 19 communicated with the gas-phase duct 15. A limiting part 20 is provided at the lower end of the duct connection part 19. An extraction bottle connection part 21 is provided at the lower end of the limiting part 20. The extraction bottle connection part 21 is in plug-in fit with the tar-phase extraction bottle 13. The outer diameter of the duct connection part 19 and the outer diameter of the upper end of the extraction bottle connection part 21 are both larger than the outer diameter of the limiting part 20. The duct connection part 19, the limiting part 20 and the extraction bottle connection part 21 are an integral structure with coincident axes and through holes are provided in the three of them in a communicating manner. A connection sleeve 22 is slidably sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the limiting part 20. The lower end of the connection sleeve 22 is of an open structure and an internal thread is provided on its inner peripheral wall. An external thread adapted to the internal thread of the connection sleeve 22 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the upper part of the tar extraction bottle 13.

[0036] The upper and lower ends of the extraction bottle connection part 21 are flat, and its outer peripheral wall is spherical; a spherical end face adapted to the outer peripheral wall contour of the extraction bottle connection part 21 is provided on the inner peripheral wall upper end of the tar-phase extraction bottle 13.

[0037] A sealing ring 23 is sleeved on the part of the limiting part 20 between the inner end of the top of the connection sleeve 22 and the upper end face of the extraction bottle connection part 21.

[0038] This embodiment can achieve a quick detachable connection between the connection cap and the tar phase extraction bottle 13. When installing the connection cap, the extraction bottle connection part 21 is inserted into the interior of the tar phase extraction bottle 13, and the spherical structure on its outer peripheral wall cooperates with the spherical end face at the upper end of the tar phase extraction bottle, thereby effectively increasing the contact area to ensure the sealing effect. Moreover, the lower end face of the extraction bottle connection part and the supporting convex ring jointly clamp the tar phase filter sheet to ensure the stability of the tar phase filter sheet. Additionally, during the process of rotating the connection sleeve 22 downward, the connection cap and the tar phase extraction bottle are fixedly connected through a threaded connection to ensure the firmness of their connection. The sealing ring between the top of the connection sleeve and the extraction bottle connection part further improves the sealing effect between the connection cap and the tar phase extraction bottle. When it is necessary to take out the tar phase filter sheet, only need to rotate the connection sleeve in the reverse direction to disengage it from the tar phase extraction bottle, then the connection cap can be removed, and the tar phase filter sheet can be taken out.

[0039] The gas-phase suction extraction mechanism includes a gas-phase extraction bottle 24 disposed on the workbench 1. Specifically, a second bottle holder 25 for supporting the gas-phase extraction bottle 24 is fixedly arranged on the workbench 1. A sealing cap adapted thereto is installed on the upper part of the gas-phase extraction bottle 24. The sealing cap includes an end cap 26 and a rubber stopper 27 disposed below the end cap 26 and inserted and matched with the gas-phase extraction bottle 24. The rubber stopper 27 is in close contact with the inner peripheral wall of the gas-phase extraction bottle 24, thereby achieving the sealing effect of the gas-phase extraction bottle 24.

[0040] The gas-phase conduit 15 penetrates through the sealing cap and extends to the bottom of the gas-phase extraction bottle 24. A vacuum extraction conduit 28 is also installed on the sealing cap. One end of the vacuum extraction conduit 28 communicates with the gas-phase extraction bottle 24, and the other end is connected to a vacuum pump 29 fixedly installed on the workbench 1.

[0041] When the present invention is specifically applied, after clamping the cigarettes to be detected in each placement cylinder, start the vacuum pump and light the cigarettes. Under the negative pressure suction of the vacuum pump, the tobacco smoke successively flows through the connection branch pipe, the smoke conduit, the tar phase extraction bottle, the connection cap, the gas-phase conduit and the gas-phase extraction bottle under the negative pressure suction of the vacuum pump. When the smoke flows through the tar phase extraction bottle, its tar phase will be intercepted by the glass fiber filter sheet and accumulate at the bottom of the glass fiber filter sheet to form a brown viscous substance. Subsequently, the connection cap can be removed to take out the glass fiber filter sheet, and after extraction with a corresponding solvent, quantitative or component analysis of the tar phase of the tobacco smoke can be carried out; while the gas-phase component in the smoke enters the gas-phase extraction bottle after passing through the glass fiber filter sheet. A solution for collecting the gas-phase components of the smoke is contained in the gas-phase extraction bottle, and the gas-phase components in the smoke are collected by the method of bubble collection. Therefore, the present invention realizes the separate extraction of the tar phase and the gas-phase substances in the tobacco smoke, which is conducive to the targeted research on different constituent phases in the tobacco smoke.

[0042] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extraction device for different constituent phases of tobacco smoke, characterized in that: It includes a workbench, and a cigarette clamping mechanism, a tar-phase filtration and extraction mechanism, and a gas-phase suction extraction mechanism are sequentially arranged on the upper part of the workbench; The cigarette clamping mechanism includes a fixed frame fixedly arranged on the workbench. A plurality of horizontal placement cylinders are fixedly arranged at equal intervals on the upper part of the fixed frame. One end of each placement cylinder is used for clamping a cigarette, and the other end is connected to the tar-phase filtration and extraction mechanism through a smoke conduit; The tar-phase filtration and extraction mechanism includes a tar-phase extraction bottle arranged on the workbench. The smoke conduit is connected to a position near the lower end of the tar-phase extraction bottle. A tar-phase filter sheet is arranged at a position near the upper end inside the tar-phase extraction bottle. The upper end of the tar-phase extraction bottle is of an open structure and is detachably provided with a connecting bottle cap adapted to it. The connecting bottle cap is connected to the gas-phase suction extraction mechanism through a gas-phase conduit; The gas-phase suction extraction mechanism includes a gas-phase extraction bottle arranged on the workbench. A sealing bottle cap adapted to it is arranged on the upper part of the gas-phase extraction bottle. The gas-phase conduit penetrates through the sealing bottle cap and extends to the bottom of the gas-phase extraction bottle. A vacuum extraction conduit is arranged on the sealing bottle cap. One end of the vacuum extraction conduit is connected to the gas-phase extraction bottle, and the other end is connected to a vacuum pump arranged on the workbench.

2. The tobacco smoke different constituent phase extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tapered hole is formed inside each placement cylinder. The large-diameter end of the tapered hole is used for inserting a cigarette, and the small-diameter end is connected to the smoke conduit through a connecting branch pipe.

3. The tobacco smoke different component phase extraction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two L-shaped connecting frames are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the placement cylinder near the large-diameter end of the tapered hole. An active rod is slidably arranged along the radial direction of the placement cylinder on each connecting frame. The opposite ends of the two active rods are respectively provided with clamping pieces with an arc-shaped cross section, and a spring is sleeved on the part of each active rod located between the clamping piece and the end wall of the connecting frame; the opposite ends of the two active rods are respectively fixedly provided with a limiting head.

4. The tobacco smoke different component phase extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first bottle holder for supporting the tar-phase extraction bottle and a second bottle holder for supporting the gas-phase extraction bottle are fixedly arranged on the workbench.

5. The tobacco smoke different constituent phase extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A supporting convex ring is fixedly arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the tar-phase extraction bottle near the upper end, and the tar-phase filter sheet is placed on the upper part of the supporting convex ring.

6. The tobacco smoke different component phase extraction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tar-phase filter screen includes an outer ring body whose contour is adapted to the supporting convex ring, and a fiberglass filter sheet is arranged in the middle of the outer ring body.

7. The tobacco smoke different component phase extraction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting bottle cap includes a conduit connecting part connected to the gas-phase conduit. A limiting part is arranged at the lower end of the conduit connecting part. An extraction bottle connecting part is arranged at the lower end of the limiting part. The outer diameters of the conduit connecting part and the upper end of the extraction bottle connecting part are both larger than the outer diameter of the limiting part. A through hole is formed in the conduit connecting part, the limiting part, and the extraction bottle connecting part in a communicating manner; the extraction bottle connecting part is in plug-in fit with the tar-phase extraction bottle. A connecting sleeve is slidably sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the limiting part. The lower end of the connecting sleeve is of an open structure and an internal thread is arranged on its inner peripheral wall. An external thread adapted to the internal thread of the connecting sleeve is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the upper part of the tar extraction bottle.

8. The tobacco smoke different component phase extraction device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the extraction bottle connecting part are planar, and its outer peripheral wall is spherical; a spherical end face adapted to the contour of the outer peripheral wall of the extraction bottle connecting part is provided at the upper end of the inner peripheral wall of the tar-phase extraction bottle.

9. The tobacco smoke different component phase extraction device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sealing ring is sleeved at a position between the inner end of the top of the connecting sleeve and the upper end face of the extraction bottle connecting part of the limiting part.

10. The tobacco smoke different constituent phase extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing bottle cap includes an end cap and a rubber plug arranged below the end cap and inserted and matched with the gas-phase extraction bottle.

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