Device and method for measuring parameters of high-speed jet liquid drops

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of jet droplet parameter distribution, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring high-speed jet droplet parameters. Comprising a high-pressure pipe, an axial moving spray head, a jet flow splitting device, an optical particle size analyzer, a protective cover, a three-axis moving guide rail platform, a flow meter, a pressure meter, a pressure regulating valve and a flow regulating valve, and the jet flow splitting device, the optical particle size analyzer and the three-axis moving guide rail platform are arranged in the protective cover; after the jet splitting device is installed on the axial moving spray head, the flowmeter, the pressure gauge and the flow regulating valve are connected with the axial moving spray head through the high-pressure pipe, the axial moving spray head is located at a port of the protective cover, and the flowmeter is arranged on the high-pressure pipe and used for measuring the flow of liquid to be measured. The device has the beneficial effects that liquid drops with different parameter distribution characteristics can be obtained through the adjusting structure, the accuracy of jet parameter space distribution characteristic measurement can be improved, and controllable liquid drop parameters are provided for high-speed jet experiments and related researches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of jet droplet parameter distribution, and particularly relates to a measuring device and method for high-speed jet droplet parameters. Background Art

[0002] In engineering applications, such as in the fields of liquid fuel engine combustion, spraying, water jet cutting, etc., the distribution of related parameters such as the particle size and velocity of the droplets formed by the jet directly affects the working performance of the equipment. By measuring the relevant parameters in the core area and improving the nozzle design, the working performance of the equipment can be improved. In the field of research on the water erosion characteristics of steam turbines, the high-speed impact of droplets is the main cause of blade water erosion. Through the measurement of jet droplets, parameters such as the velocity, particle size, and density of the droplets can be accurately obtained, which can be used to study the physical mechanism of droplet erosion and then optimize the protection and structural design. In the field of spraying and atomization, the free jet droplet parameters and droplet velocity distribution affect the atomization quality and distribution uniformity of the droplets. Droplet measurement helps to determine the optimal spraying state, enabling the droplets to be better dispersed and cover the target area, improving the spraying effect and resource utilization rate.

[0003] In theoretical research, measuring the jet core area is very important for the jet model. The velocity of the core fluid remains the original outlet velocity and is not affected by mixing, which is convenient for studying the formation and development of the jet and accurately establishing and solving the fluid mechanics equations. Many theoretical models of free jets, such as the turbulent boundary layer theory, momentum conservation theory, etc., require understanding the regularity of jet dispersion in different regions. However, the jet area is large, the particle size and velocity vary significantly, and they are mixed together. High-speed droplets can also cause strong corrosion and erosion to the measuring instruments, with the characteristics of difficult measurement and high risk. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a measuring device and method for high-speed jet droplet parameters, which can improve the accuracy of measuring the distribution characteristics of jet parameters.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A measuring device for high-speed jet droplet parameters includes:

[0006] A high-pressure pipe, an axially movable nozzle, a jet splitting device, an optical particle size analyzer, a protective cover, a three-axis movable guide rail platform, a flow meter, a pressure gauge, a pressure regulating valve, and a flow regulating valve.

[0007] The jet splitting device, the optical particle size analyzer, and the three-axis movable guide rail platform are arranged inside the protective cover. The jet splitting device is installed behind the axially movable nozzle. The flow meter, the pressure gauge, the flow regulating valve, and the pressure regulating valve are connected to the axially movable nozzle through the high-pressure pipe.

[0008] The axially movable nozzle is located at the port of the protective cover, and the flow meter is arranged on the high-pressure pipe to measure the flow rate of the liquid to be measured.

[0009] The protective cover includes a cylindrical section and a conical section connected together. A jet splitting device is placed inside the middle position of the cylindrical section, and a three-axis moving guide platform is arranged inside the conical section of the protective cover. An optical particle size analyzer is installed on the three-axis moving guide platform.

[0010] The optical particle size analyzer includes a signal receiver and a laser emitter. The signal receiver and the laser emitter are arranged on the three-axis moving guide platform, and the three-axis moving guide platform is located inside the conical section of the protective cover. The signal receiver and the laser emitter are also respectively connected to a signal processing and display component, and the signal processing and display component is located outside the protective cover. The ends of the cylindrical section and the conical section of the protective cover are also respectively connected to a water collection tank through a water pipe.

[0011] The jet splitting device includes a frame structure, which is an integral structure. The outer layer of the frame structure is an annular plate, and an annular cylinder is sleeved inside the annular plate. Two fixed small planes are respectively arranged on the sides at both ends of the annular plate. There are a total of 4 fixed small planes, and 4 screw holes are opened on the fixed small planes.

[0012] Two adjusting structures are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame structure, and the adjusting structures are limited on the frame structure through flanges.

[0013] A tool holder structure is connected to the adjusting structure, and a replaceable high-strength ceramic tool head is installed on the tool holder structure.

[0014] The frame structure is fixed with a limiting structure. The adjusting structure includes an inner hexagon bolt distributed on each side passing through the frame structure and respectively connected to a convex block and a concave block through threads.

[0015] The tool holder structure includes inclined surfaces respectively matching with the convex block or the concave block at both ends, and a square groove. There are two threaded holes on the side wall of the square groove.

[0016] The ceramic tool head includes a square base and a wedge-shaped cutting edge. The square base matches the square groove of the tool holder structure, and the wedge-shaped cutting edge faces the jet direction. The material is a ceramic hard material.

[0017] A method for measuring high-speed jet droplet parameters includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Set the distance between the axially movable nozzle and the jet splitting device according to the measurement purpose;

[0019] Step 2: Preliminarily set the opening degree between the ceramic tool heads of the jet splitting device according to the working characteristics of the optical particle size analyzer;

[0020] Step 3: Set the spatial positions of the laser emission end and the signal receiving end of the optical particle size analyzer on the three-axis moving guide rail platform according to the opening between the ceramic cutting heads of the jet splitting device, and leave a margin.

[0021] Step 4: Test, turn on, and adjust the liquid flow in the high-pressure pipe.

[0022] Step 5: Observe and debug the measurement signal of the optical particle size analyzer to confirm that the particle size measurement data displayed on the particle size analyzer is clear and stable; at the same time, adjust the opening between the ceramic cutting heads of the jet splitting device until the particle size dispersion is small.

[0023] Step 6: Adjust the three-axis moving guide rail platform to place the optical particle size analyzer at different spatial positions, and measure and record the position information and particle size data.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The device and method of the present invention can obtain droplets with different parameter distribution characteristics by adjusting the structure, improve the accuracy of measuring the spatial distribution characteristics of jet parameters, provide controllable droplet parameters for high-speed jet experiments and related research, and improve the value of engineering applications and theoretical research. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a measurement device for high-speed jet droplet parameters provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Structural diagram of the jet splitting device;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the frame structure of the jet splitting device;

[0028] Figure 4 Side view of the frame structure of the jet splitting device;

[0029] Figure 5 Rear view of the jet splitting device after being assembled with the adjustment structure, limiting structure, tool holder structure, and ceramic cutting head;

[0030] Figure 6 Cross-sectional shape diagram of the ceramic cutting head;

[0031] Figure 7 Oblique view of the jet splitting device.

[0032] In the figure: 1 high-pressure pipe, 2 axial moving nozzle, 3 jet splitting device, 4 protective cover, 5 signal receiver, 6 laser emitter, 7 signal processing and display component, 8 water collection tank, 9 frame structure, 10 adjustment structure, 11 tool holder structure, 12 limiting structure, 13 ceramic cutting head, 14 annular plate, 15 annular cylinder, 16 fixed small plane, 17 flange, 18 convex block, 19 concave block. Detailed Implementation Modes

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] As Figure 1 shown, a measuring device for high-speed jet droplet parameters includes: a high-pressure pipe 1, an axially movable nozzle 2, a jet splitting device 3, an optical particle size analyzer, a protective cover 4, a three-axis movable guide rail platform, a flow meter, a pressure gauge, a pressure regulating valve, and a flow regulating valve.

[0035] The protective cover 4 is composed of a cylindrical section and a conical section connected together. The jet splitting device 3 is placed inside the middle position of the cylindrical section, and the cylindrical section also contains four connecting planes with screw holes that can cooperate with the jet splitting device 3; the optical particle size analyzer and the three-axis movable guide rail platform required for measuring droplet parameters are placed inside the conical section, and the conical section is used to collect and discharge the droplets.

[0036] The jet splitting device 3 is used to screen the fluid droplets to be measured and is installed behind the axially movable nozzle 2. The protective cover 4 is used to isolate the experimental environment from the influence of the high-speed jet and collect and discharge the dispersed droplets. The three-axis movable guide rail platform is used to place the optical particle size analyzer and can achieve three-dimensional movement and positioning. The optical particle size analyzer is used to measure the droplet size and its distribution and is arranged behind the jet splitting device 4.

[0037] The protective cover 4 houses the axially movable nozzle 2, the jet splitting device 3, and the optical particle size analyzer. The high-speed and high-pressure fluid ejected from the axially movable nozzle 2 is cut into a fan-shaped distributed thin layer by the jet splitting device 3, and the optical particle size analyzer is arranged behind the jet splitting device 3 and is used to measure the parameters of the cut fluid droplets. The axially movable nozzle 2 can axially move to adjust the distance between the jet splitting device 3 and the axially movable nozzle 2.

[0038] Among them, the flow meter, the pressure gauge, the flow regulating valve, and the pressure regulating valve are connected to the axially movable nozzle 2 through the high-pressure pipe 1 and are arranged on one side of the bench. The axially movable nozzle 2 is located at the port of the cylindrical section of the protective cover 4. Specifically, the flow meter is arranged on the high-pressure pipe 1 to measure the flow rate of the fluid to be measured. The pressure gauge is arranged at the front end of the nozzle on the high-pressure pipe 1 to measure the injection pressure of the fluid to be measured. The pressure regulating valve and the flow regulating valve are used to adjust the pressure and flow rate of the fluid to be measured. The axially movable nozzle 2 is used to disperse the droplets into tiny droplets and eject them, and has the ability of axial movement and is connected to the high-pressure pipe 1 and arranged on one side of the test bench.

[0039] The optical particle size analyzer includes a signal receiver 5 and a laser transmitter 6. The signal receiver 5 and the laser transmitter 6 are arranged on a three-axis moving guide rail platform, and the three-axis moving guide rail platform is located within the conical section of the protective cover 4. The signal receiver 5 and the laser transmitter 6 are also respectively connected to a signal processing and display component 7, and the signal processing and display component 7 is located outside the protective cover 4. The ends of the cylindrical section and the conical section of the protective cover 4 are respectively connected to a water collecting tank 8 through water pipes.

[0040] As Figure 2 and 5 shown, the jet splitting device 3 includes a frame structure 9, and the frame structure 9 is an integrated structure.

[0041] As Figure 3 shown, the frame structure 9 can be approximately considered to be assembled by two hollow cylinders with different outer and inner surface shapes and thicknesses. The outer layer is an annular plate 14, and an annular cylinder 15 is sleeved inside the annular plate 14. Four connecting planes are arranged at the square vertex positions inside the annular cylinder 15 of the frame structure 9.

[0042] As Figure 4 shown, two fixed small planes 16 are respectively arranged on the side surfaces at both ends of the annular plate 14. There are a total of 4 fixed small planes 16, and 4 screw holes are opened on the fixed small planes 16.

[0043] Two adjusting structures 10 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame structure 9, and the adjusting structures 10 are defined on the frame structure 9 through flanges 17. A tool holder structure 11 is connected to the adjusting structure 10, and a replaceable high-strength ceramic tool head 13 is installed on the tool holder structure 11. The frame structure 9 is also fixed with a limiting structure 12, and the limiting structure 12 can limit the maximum displacement of the tool holder structure 11. The adjusting structure 10 includes an inner hexagonal bolt distributed on each side passing through the frame structure 9 and connected to a convex block 18 and a concave block 19 by threads respectively, and its axial movement is restricted by common journal or protruding mechanisms. When the bolt rotates, the convex block 18 or the concave block 19 does not rotate, so that the convex block 18 or the concave block 19 can be pushed to move towards or away from the center by rotating the inner hexagonal bolt, thereby controlling the separation or closing of the tool holder structure 11 and the ceramic tool head 13 thereon.

[0044] The tool holder structure 11 has a specific shape, including inclined surfaces respectively cooperating with the convex block 18 or the concave block 19 at both ends, and a square groove with two threaded holes on the side wall of the square groove.

[0045] The ceramic cutter head 13 has a specific shape, including a square base and a wedge-shaped blade. The square base matches the square groove of the cutter seat structure, and the wedge-shaped blade faces the jet direction. The material is a hard material such as ceramic. When used in pairs, the jet can be split, and only a relatively thin fan-shaped jet area is retained. On the one hand, it is convenient for measurement, and on the other hand, it can have better erosion resistance.

[0046] The limiting structure 12 on the frame structure consists of two independent and symmetrical limiting unit bodies. Each end is provided with a screw hole. The two limiting unit bodies are fixed to the frame structure 9 by four screws, and pin holes perpendicular to the movement direction of the convex block 18 or the concave block 19 are provided at appropriate positions near both ends. The pin holes pass through the baffle and the cutter seat structure 11, and the inserted pin can provide guidance and limitation for the movement of the cutter seat structure 11.

[0047] On the frame structure, two adjusting structures are arranged along the radial direction, symmetrically distributed, and are fixed to the external frame structure by relying on small flanges, 4 hexagon socket head cap screws and gaskets thereon. The hexagon socket head cap screws are threadedly connected to the concave and convex blocks through the frame structure. The hexagon socket head cap screws are axially limited by the frame structure but can rotate freely, so as to drive the separation or closing of the concave and convex blocks, and further drive the separation or closing of the cutter seat structure.

[0048] As Figure 5 shown, when the right screw is rotated, the convex block can be pushed forward, so as to push the cutter seat structure to separate to both sides through the inclined plane; similarly, when the left screw is rotated, the concave block can be pushed forward, so as to push the cutter seat structure to close to the center through the inclined plane. Of course, before rotating and adjusting the screws on both sides, the movement restriction of the cutter seat structure by the convex block or the concave block on the opposite side must be released first. The purpose of the adjusting structure is to isolate the non-concerned area of the droplet flow by using the ceramic cutter heads in pairs, and only let the droplets to be measured pass through.

[0049] Two high-strength ceramic cutter heads that can withstand impact and corrosion are respectively installed in the square grooves of the two cutter seat structures, and are fixed to the cutter seat structure by relying on 3 hexagon socket head cap screws as Figure 2 shown, and the blade is similar to an L shape as Figure 6 shown, and is composed of two parts: a cutting edge and a mounting base. Since the erosion energy of the droplets is strong and the droplet flow field cannot be disturbed due to the collision of the droplets when passing through the ceramic cutter head, a cutter head body with a small angle and inward convergence is required. The base is square and is used to fix and withstand a certain impact force.

[0050] The two limiting structures are connected to the frame structure by four screws, and bolt holes are provided to provide a connection position for the guiding bolts for the baffle structure to realize displacement perpendicular to the movement direction of the concave and convex blocks, and to provide a maximum displacement limit in the movement direction of the baffle.

[0051] The optical particle size analyzer is arranged after the jet splitting device in the oncoming flow direction to ensure accurate measurement of the required fluid analysis area. The optical particle size analyzer is fixed on a three-axis moving guide rail platform to achieve three-dimensional movement within the area and measure the multi-dimensional spatial position of the jet fluid.

[0052] Based on the above measurement device, the present invention also provides a method for measuring high-speed jet droplet parameters, including the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Set the distance between the nozzle and the splitting device according to the measurement purpose;

[0054] Step 2: Initially set the opening between the ceramic knife heads of the jet splitting device according to the working characteristics of the optical particle size analyzer;

[0055] Step 3: Set the spatial positions of the laser emission end and the signal receiving end of the optical particle size analyzer on the three-axis moving guide rail platform according to the opening between the ceramic knife heads of the jet splitting device, and leave a margin;

[0056] Step 4: Test, turn on and adjust the liquid flow in the high-pressure pipe;

[0057] Step 5: Observe and debug the measurement signal of the optical particle size analyzer to confirm that the particle size measurement data displayed on the particle size analyzer is clear and stable; at the same time, adjust the opening between the ceramic knife heads of the jet splitting device until the particle size dispersion is small.

[0058] Step 6: Adjust the three-axis moving guide rail platform to place the optical particle size analysis at different spatial positions, and measure and record the position information and particle size data.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring device for high-speed jet droplet parameters, characterized in that, Comprising: A high-pressure pipe, an axially movable spray head, a jet splitting device, an optical particle size analyzer, a protective cover, a three-axis movable guide rail platform, a flow meter, a pressure gauge, a pressure regulating valve and a flow regulating valve. Inside the protective cover are provided a jet splitting device, an optical particle size analyzer, and a three-axis movable guide rail platform. The jet splitting device is installed behind the axially movable spray head. The flow meter, pressure gauge, flow regulating valve, and pressure regulating valve are connected to the axially movable spray head through the high-pressure pipe. The axially movable spray head is located at the port of the protective cover, and the flow meter is arranged on the high-pressure pipe to measure the flow rate of the liquid to be measured.

2. The measuring device for high-speed jet droplet parameters according to claim 1, wherein: The protective cover is composed of a cylindrical section and a conical section connected together. Inside the middle position of the cylindrical section is placed the jet splitting device. Inside the conical section of the protective cover is provided a three-axis movable guide rail platform, and an optical particle size analyzer is installed on the three-axis movable guide rail platform.

3. The measuring device for high-speed jet droplet parameters according to claim 2, wherein: The optical particle size analyzer includes a signal receiver and a laser emitter. The signal receiver and the laser emitter are arranged on the three-axis movable guide rail platform. The three-axis movable guide rail platform is located inside the conical section of the protective cover. The signal receiver and the laser emitter are also respectively connected to a signal processing and display component, and the signal processing and display component is located outside the protective cover. The ends of the cylindrical section and the conical section of the protective cover are also respectively connected to a water collecting tank through a water pipe.

4. The measuring device for high-speed jet droplet parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jet splitting device includes a frame structure, which is an integrated structure. The outer layer of the frame structure is an annular plate, and an annular cylinder is sleeved inside the annular plate. On both sides of the annular plate are respectively provided two fixed small planes, and there are a total of 4 fixed small planes. There are 4 screw holes on the fixed small planes.

5. The measuring device for high-speed jet droplet parameters according to claim 4, wherein: On both sides of the frame structure are symmetrically provided two adjusting structures, and the adjusting structures are limited on the frame structure through flanges.

6. The measuring device for high-speed jet droplet parameters according to claim 5, characterized in that: A tool holder structure is connected to the adjusting structure, and a replaceable high-strength ceramic tool head is installed on the tool holder structure.

7. The measuring device for high-speed jet droplet parameters according to claim 6, wherein: The frame structure is fixed with a limiting structure. The adjusting structure includes one hexagon socket head cap screw distributed on each side passing through the frame structure and respectively connected to a convex block and a concave block through threads.

8. The measuring device for high-speed jet droplet parameters according to claim 6, wherein: The tool holder structure includes inclined surfaces respectively cooperating with the convex block or the concave block at both ends, and a square groove, and there are two threaded holes on the side wall of the square groove.

9. The measuring device for high-speed jet droplet parameters according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ceramic tool head includes a square base and a wedge-shaped cutting edge. The square base matches the square groove of the tool holder structure, and the wedge-shaped cutting edge faces the jet direction, and the material is a ceramic hard material.

10. A method for measuring parameters of high-speed jet droplets, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step 1: Set the distance between the axially movable spray head and the jet splitting device according to the measurement purpose. Step 2: Initially set the opening degree between the ceramic tool heads of the jet splitting device according to the working characteristics of the optical particle size analyzer. Step 3: Set the spatial positions of the laser emission end and the signal receiving end of the optical particle size analyzer on the three-axis movable guide rail platform according to the opening degree between the ceramic tool heads of the jet splitting device, and leave a margin. Step 4: Test and turn on and adjust the liquid flow in the high-pressure pipe. Step 5: Observe and debug the measurement signal of the optical particle size analyzer to confirm that the particle size measurement data displayed on the particle size analyzer is clear and stable; at the same time, adjust the opening degree between the ceramic tool heads of the jet splitting device until the particle size dispersion is small. Step 6: Adjust the three-axis moving guide rail platform to place the optical particle size analysis at different spatial positions, and measure and record the position information and particle size data.

Images