Method, device and equipment for analyzing lightning immunity of new energy automobile and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a lightning immunity analysis method, device and equipment for a new energy automobile and a medium, and relates to the technical field of vehicle testing, and the method comprises the steps: inputting an electromagnetic field basic equation, and defining medium parameters; establishing an antenna model comprising a ground and return stroke channel; electromagnetic field distribution of the antenna model is solved, and electric field components are separated; simplifying the electromagnetic field model to adapt to a new energy automobile thunder and lightning scene; editing and realizing formula calculation of the simplified electromagnetic field model; applying the lightning electric field model to a new energy automobile system for simulation; and outputting a simulation result and optimizing the vehicle anti-interference design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of vehicle testing, and particularly to a method, device, equipment, and medium for analyzing the lightning immunity of new energy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous increase in the ownership of new energy vehicles, the possibility of encountering lightning electromagnetic interference during their outdoor operation also increases. Lightning, as a strong natural discharge phenomenon, poses a serious threat to the safe operation of new energy vehicles. The indirect effects of lightning are very complex and cannot be ignored. When lightning occurs near a vehicle, a powerful transient lightning current will generate strong electromagnetic pulses, which can enter the cables and electronic systems inside the vehicle through electromagnetic coupling paths. Due to the extremely high energy of the electromagnetic pulses, their coupling effect may cause malfunctions in in-vehicle electronic devices, thereby affecting the safety and reliability of the vehicle.

[0003] For example, the strong electromagnetic pulses generated near a lightning strike may damage sensitive components inside the key control system, induce malfunction, cause the vehicle to be unable to operate normally, and may even lead to serious traffic accidents. Therefore, in-depth research on the electromagnetic characteristics of lightning, accurate analysis of the characteristics of the lightning electromagnetic environment, and establishment of a lightning electric field mathematical model are crucial for evaluating the lightning immunity of new energy vehicles, and contribute to the safe operation and development of new energy vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method, device, equipment, and medium for analyzing the lightning immunity of new energy vehicles.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, this application provides the following solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a method for analyzing the lightning immunity of new energy vehicles, including:

[0007] Input the basic equations of the electromagnetic field and define the medium parameters;

[0008] Establish an antenna model including the ground and the return stroke channel;

[0009] Solve the electromagnetic field distribution of the antenna model and separate the electric field components;

[0010] Simplify the electromagnetic field model to adapt to the lightning scenario of new energy vehicles;

[0011] Edit the formula calculation for implementing the simplified electromagnetic field model;

[0012] Apply the lightning electric field model to the new energy vehicle system for simulation;

[0013] Output the simulation results and optimize the vehicle's immunity design.

[0014] Optionally, the steps of inputting the basic equations of the input electromagnetic field and defining the medium parameters include:

[0015] Input the basic theoretical equations of the electromagnetic field including the Ampere-Maxwell equation into a computer;

[0016] Set the permittivity and permeability parameters of the medium;

[0017] Under the conditions of a homogeneous, time-invariant, linear, and isotropic medium, describe the electromagnetic field through vector potential and scalar potential;

[0018] Derive the d'Alembert equation according to the Lorentz condition;

[0019] Use the d'Alembert equation as the basis for subsequent model solutions.

[0020] Optionally, the steps of establishing the antenna model including the ground and the return stroke channel include:

[0021] Set the ground as a perfectly conducting plane;

[0022] Simplify the lightning return stroke channel into a straight channel perpendicular to the ground;

[0023] Define the geometric parameters and current density distribution of the return stroke channel;

[0024] Construct the three-dimensional structure of the antenna model in electromagnetic simulation software;

[0025] Use the Green's function method to solve the scalar potential and vector potential expressions of the antenna model;

[0026] Calculate the contribution of the current components at different heights in the return stroke channel to the electromagnetic field by the dipole method.

[0027] Optionally, the steps of solving the electromagnetic field distribution of the antenna model and separating the electric field components include:

[0028] Numerically solve the d'Alembert equation using the Green's function method;

[0029] Decompose the electromagnetic field into electrostatic field components, induced field components, and radiation field components;

[0030] Extract the integral expression of the electrostatic field component from the calculation results;

[0031] Based on the geometric parameters of the return stroke channel, derive the simplified formulas for the induced field component and the radiation field component;

[0032] Verify the calculation accuracy of the electric field components at different distances.

[0033] Optionally, the steps of adapting the simplified electromagnetic field model to the lightning scenario of new energy vehicles include:

[0034] Ignoring the hysteresis effect during the lightning return stroke process;

[0035] Assuming that the linear charge density of the return stroke channel tends to be constant with height;

[0036] According to the actual distance range between the new energy vehicle and the lightning strike point, adjusting the calculation formula of the electric field component;

[0037] Combining the electrostatic field component and the induced field component into a near-field electric field expression;

[0038] Deleting the high-order terms in the radiation field component that are irrelevant to vehicle safety assessment.

[0039] Optionally, the steps of editing and implementing the formula calculation of the simplified electromagnetic field model include:

[0040] Converting the near-field electric field expression into discretized computer-executable code;

[0041] Implementing the input of geometric parameters of the return stroke channel and the calculation of electric field distribution in a programming language;

[0042] Calling the interface of electromagnetic simulation software to load the three-dimensional model of the new energy vehicle;

[0043] Coupling and simulating the lightning electric field model with the vehicle electronic system;

[0044] Outputting the transient response data of the electronic device under the lightning-induced electric field.

[0045] Optionally, the steps of applying the lightning electric field model to the new energy vehicle system for simulation include:

[0046] Setting the spatial distribution parameters of the lightning-induced electric field in the simulation environment;

[0047] Mapping the electric field model to the geometric surfaces of vehicle cables and electronic devices;

[0048] Calculating the interference intensity of the electric field on the vehicle power system, communication module, and control unit;

[0049] Evaluating the safety performance level of the vehicle according to the immunity threshold in the preset standard regulations;

[0050] Generating an evaluation report including the electric field intensity distribution map and the device failure probability.

[0051] In a second aspect, the present application provides a lightning immunity analysis device for a new energy vehicle, including:

[0052] A processing module for inputting the basic equations of electromagnetic fields and defining medium parameters;

[0053] Establishing an antenna model including the ground and the lightning return stroke channel;

[0054] Solving the electromagnetic field distribution of the antenna model and separating the electric field components;

[0055] Simplifying the electromagnetic field model to adapt to the lightning scenario of new energy vehicles;

[0056] Editing to implement the formula calculation of the simplified electromagnetic field model;

[0057] Applying the lightning electric field model to the new energy vehicle system for simulation;

[0058] An output module for outputting the simulation results and optimizing the vehicle immunity design.

[0059] Optionally, the processing module is further configured to:

[0060] Inputting the basic theoretical equations of electromagnetic fields including the Ampere - Maxwell equation into a computer;

[0061] Setting the permittivity and permeability parameters of the medium;

[0062] Describing the electromagnetic field by vector potential and scalar potential under the conditions of a homogeneous, time - invariant, linear and isotropic medium;

[0063] Deriving the d'Alembert equation according to the Lorenz condition;

[0064] Taking the d'Alembert equation as the basis for subsequent model solution.

[0065] Optionally, the processing module is further configured to:

[0066] Setting the ground as a perfectly conducting plane;

[0067] Simplifying the lightning return stroke channel into a straight channel perpendicular to the ground;

[0068] Defining the geometric parameters and current density distribution of the return stroke channel;

[0069] Constructing the three - dimensional structure of the antenna model in an electromagnetic simulation software;

[0070] Solving the scalar potential and vector potential expressions of the antenna model using the Green's function method;

[0071] Calculating the contribution of the current components at different heights in the return stroke channel to the electromagnetic field by the dipole method.

[0072] Optionally, the processing module is further configured to:

[0073] The d'Alembert equation is numerically solved using the Green's function method;

[0074] The electromagnetic field is decomposed into an electrostatic field component, an induced field component, and a radiation field component;

[0075] The integral expression of the electrostatic field component is extracted from the calculation results;

[0076] Based on the geometric parameters of the return stroke channel, simplified formulas for the induced field component and the radiation field component are derived;

[0077] The calculation accuracy of the electric field components at different distances is verified.

[0078] Optionally, the processing module is further configured to:

[0079] Ignore the hysteresis effect during the lightning return stroke process;

[0080] Assume that the linear charge density of the return stroke channel tends to be constant with height;

[0081] According to the actual distance range between the new energy vehicle and the lightning strike point, the calculation formula of the electric field component is adjusted;

[0082] The electrostatic field component and the induced field component are combined into a near-field electric field expression;

[0083] Higher-order terms irrelevant to vehicle safety assessment in the radiation field component are deleted.

[0084] Optionally, the processing module is further configured to:

[0085] Convert the near-field electric field expression into discretized computer-executable code;

[0086] Implement the input of the geometric parameters of the return stroke channel and the calculation of the electric field distribution in a programming language;

[0087] Call the interface of the electromagnetic simulation software to load the three-dimensional model of the new energy vehicle;

[0088] Couple the lightning electric field model with the vehicle electronic system for simulation;

[0089] Output the transient response data of the electronic device under the lightning-induced electric field.

[0090] Optionally, the processing module is further configured to:

[0091] Set the spatial distribution parameters of the lightning-induced electric field in the simulation environment;

[0092] Map the electric field model to the geometric surfaces of the vehicle cables and electronic devices;

[0093] Calculate the interference intensity of the electric field on the vehicle power supply system, communication module and control unit;

[0094] Evaluate the safety performance level of the vehicle according to the immunity threshold in the preset standard regulations;

[0095] Generate an evaluation report including the electric field intensity distribution map and the equipment failure probability.

[0096] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the lightning immunity analysis method for a new energy vehicle described in any one of the above.

[0097] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the lightning immunity analysis method for a new energy vehicle described in any one of the above are implemented.

[0098] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the lightning immunity analysis method for a new energy vehicle described in any one of the above are implemented.

[0099] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present application, the following technical effects are disclosed in the present application:

[0100] The present application provides a lightning immunity analysis method, device, equipment and medium for a new energy vehicle. By accurately analyzing the electric field of the new energy vehicle in the lightning electromagnetic environment, a lightning electric field environment model suitable for the lightning immunity analysis of the new energy vehicle is established. This model can accurately and quickly evaluate the impact of the lightning-induced electric field on the vehicle's electrical system and electronic equipment, provide a reliable basis for safety assessment, and reduce the failure risk. Based on this, the vehicle design and protection can be optimized, the anti-interference ability can be improved, and the service life can be extended. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0101] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0102] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a lightning immunity analysis method for a new energy vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0103] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the principle of a lightning immunity analysis method for a new energy vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0104] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the functional modules of a lightning immunity analysis device for a new energy vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0105] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0106] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0107] As Figure 1 shown, some embodiments of the present application provide a lightning immunity analysis method for a new energy vehicle. In the embodiments of the present application, it includes:

[0108] Step 101, input the basic equations of the electromagnetic field and define the medium parameters.

[0109] In the embodiments of the present application, the basic equations of the electromagnetic field are mathematical equations that describe the behavior of the electromagnetic field, usually including Maxwell's equations. The medium parameters refer to physical quantities that describe the electromagnetic characteristics of the medium, such as the permittivity (ε) and permeability (μ).

[0110] The system first inputs the basic equations of the electromagnetic field into the computer, such as Ampere-Maxwell's equation. These equations are the basis of the electromagnetic field theory and are used to describe the behavior of the electric field and magnetic field. Then, the system defines the medium parameters, including the permittivity and permeability. These parameters are used to describe the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in a specific medium. By inputting these equations and parameters, the system lays a foundation for subsequent electromagnetic field modeling and calculation.

[0111] Step 102, establish an antenna model including the ground and the return stroke channel.

[0112] In the embodiments of the present application, the ground refers to the earth's surface, and the return stroke channel refers to the path along which the current propagates from the ground to the cloud layer during the lightning discharge process. The antenna model refers to a mathematical model used to simulate the radiation and reception of electromagnetic waves.

[0113] The system regards the earth as a good conducting plane and sets the return stroke channel as a straight line perpendicular to the ground. The system constructs this antenna model in the computer, which can be implemented using specialized electromagnetic simulation software or programming. By establishing this model, the system can simulate the distribution and propagation of electromagnetic fields during lightning discharge.

[0114] Step 103: Solve the electromagnetic field distribution of the antenna model and separate the electric field components.

[0115] In the embodiments of the present application, the electromagnetic field distribution refers to the intensity and direction distribution of the electromagnetic field in space. The electric field components refer to the components of the electric field in different directions, such as the electrostatic field component, the induced field component, and the radiation field component.

[0116] The system uses the Green's function method or other numerical methods to solve the electromagnetic field equation and calculates the distribution of the electromagnetic field. The system separates the electrostatic field component, the induced field component, and the radiation field component from the calculation results. The system can analyze each component of the electromagnetic field in detail, providing data support for subsequent model simplification and optimization.

[0117] Step 104: Simplify the electromagnetic field model to adapt to the lightning scenario of new energy vehicles.

[0118] In the embodiments of the present application, the lightning scenario of new energy vehicles refers to the electromagnetic field distribution and response characteristics of new energy vehicles in a lightning environment.

[0119] The system simplifies the model, such as ignoring the hysteresis effect, assuming that the linear charge density changes little with height, etc. The system makes a refined adjustment to the formula for the near-field electric field in view of the possible lightning conditions that new energy vehicles may encounter. The system can make the model more in line with the actual application scenario of new energy vehicles, improving the accuracy and practicality of the model.

[0120] Step 105: Edit and implement the formula calculation of the simplified electromagnetic field model.

[0121] In the embodiments of the present application, the system simplifies the adjusted formula to obtain an expression suitable for computer calculation. The system uses programming languages (such as Python, MATLAB, etc.) to implement the above steps, including model establishment, solution, result analysis, etc. The system can automatically perform electromagnetic field calculations, improving the calculation efficiency and accuracy.

[0122] Step 106: Apply the lightning electric field model to the new energy vehicle system for simulation.

[0123] In the embodiments of the present application, the lightning electric field model refers to a mathematical model that describes the electromagnetic field distribution during lightning discharge. Simulation refers to simulating the behavior and response of an actual system through a computer.

[0124] The system sets up a lightning-induced electric field model in electromagnetic simulation software and applies it to the new energy vehicle system model or related subsystem models. The system conducts simulation calculations to obtain the responses of corresponding components under the action of the lightning-induced electric field. The system can simulate the electromagnetic field responses of new energy vehicles in lightning environments and provide data support for safety assessments.

[0125] Step 107, output the simulation results and optimize the vehicle's immunity design.

[0126] In the embodiments of this application, the simulation results refer to the system behavior and response data obtained through computer simulation. Optimization refers to improving the performance and reliability of the system by adjusting system parameters or designs.

[0127] The system outputs the simulation results and an evaluation report. Based on the evaluation results, the system optimizes the vehicle design and protection measures to enhance the immunity. The system can provide a scientific basis for the design and improvement of new energy vehicles and improve the safety and reliability of vehicles in lightning environments.

[0128] The embodiments of this application accurately analyze the electric field of new energy vehicles in lightning electromagnetic environments and establish a lightning electric field environment model suitable for analyzing the lightning immunity of new energy vehicles. This model can accurately and quickly evaluate the impact of lightning-induced electric fields on vehicle electrical systems and electronic devices, provide a reliable basis for safety assessments, and reduce the risk of failures. Based on this, the vehicle design and protection can be optimized, the immunity can be enhanced, and the service life can be extended.

[0129] Optionally, step 101 includes:

[0130] Step 1011, input the basic equations of electromagnetic field theory containing the Ampere-Maxwell equations into the computer.

[0131] In the embodiments of this application, the Ampere-Maxwell equations are a set of basic equations in electromagnetic field theory used to describe the relationship between electric and magnetic fields and how they change over time. The basic equations of electromagnetic field theory refer to the mathematical equations used to describe the behavior of electromagnetic fields, usually including Maxwell's equations.

[0132] The system inputs the basic equations of electromagnetic field theory containing the Ampere-Maxwell equations into the computer. These equations are the basis for electromagnetic field modeling and are used to describe the behavior of electric and magnetic fields and their interactions. By inputting these equations, the system provides a theoretical basis for subsequent electromagnetic field modeling and calculations.

[0133] Step 1012, set the permittivity and permeability parameters of the medium.

[0134] In the embodiments of the present application, the dielectric constant is a physical quantity that describes the degree of polarization of a medium under the action of an electric field, and the magnetic permeability is a physical quantity that describes the degree of magnetization of a medium under the action of a magnetic field. A medium refers to the medium through which electromagnetic waves propagate, such as air, water, or other materials.

[0135] The system sets the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability parameters of the medium. These parameters are used to describe the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in a specific medium. By setting these parameters, the system can accurately simulate the behavior of the electromagnetic field in different media and provide the necessary physical parameters for subsequent electromagnetic field calculations.

[0136] Step 1013, under the conditions of a homogeneous, time-invariant, linear, and isotropic medium, describe the electromagnetic field through the vector potential and scalar potential.

[0137] In the embodiments of the present application, homogeneous means that the physical properties of the medium are uniformly distributed in space, time-invariant means that the physical properties of the medium do not change with time, linear means that the response of the medium is proportional to the applied field strength, and isotropic means that the physical properties of the medium are the same in all directions. The vector potential and scalar potential are mathematical tools for describing the electromagnetic field. The vector potential is used to describe the magnetic field, and the scalar potential is used to describe the electric field.

[0138] The system describes the electromagnetic field through the vector potential and scalar potential under the conditions of a homogeneous, time-invariant, linear, and isotropic medium. The system uses the vector potential and scalar potential to represent the electric field and magnetic field in a mathematical form, thereby simplifying the description and calculation of the electromagnetic field. The system can more efficiently perform the modeling and analysis of the electromagnetic field.

[0139] Step 1014, derive the d'Alembert equation according to the Lorenz condition.

[0140] In the embodiments of the present application, the Lorenz condition is a constraint condition in electromagnetic field theory, which is used to ensure the consistency of the vector potential and scalar potential. The d'Alembert equation is a partial differential equation that describes the propagation of electromagnetic waves and is usually used to solve the distribution of the electromagnetic field.

[0141] The system derives the d'Alembert equation according to the Lorenz condition. The Lorenz condition ensures the consistency of the vector potential and scalar potential. The system derives the d'Alembert equation by integrating the basic equations of the electromagnetic field and the Lorenz condition. The d'Alembert equation is the basis for subsequent electromagnetic field solutions, and the system can provide the core equation for the numerical calculation of the electromagnetic field.

[0142] Step 1015, use the d'Alembert equation as the basis for subsequent model solutions.

[0143] In the embodiments of the present application, the d'Alembert equation is a partial differential equation that describes the propagation of electromagnetic waves and is usually used to solve the distribution of the electromagnetic field. Model solution refers to the process of solving the electromagnetic field model through mathematical methods or numerical methods.

[0144] The system takes the d'Alembert equation as the basis for subsequent model solving. The d'Alembert equation is a core equation in the theory of electromagnetic fields, and the system uses this equation for numerical calculation and solution of electromagnetic fields. The system can provide theoretical support for subsequent calculation of electromagnetic field distribution and model optimization.

[0145] Specifically, input the basic equations of electromagnetic fields: Input relevant basic theoretical equations of electromagnetic fields such as Ampere-Maxwell equation into the computer.

[0146] Define the medium parameters: Set parameters such as the permittivity ε and permeability μ of the medium.

[0147] In a homogeneous, time-invariant, linear, and isotropic medium, the Ampere - Maxwell equation is

[0148]

[0149] where E - electric field strength; B - magnetic field strength; J - current density; ε, μ - permittivity and permeability of the medium.

[0150] The vector potential A and scalar potential Φ are a way to describe electromagnetic fields, and the electric field E and magnetic field B can be expressed by them.

[0151]

[0152] At the same time, both of them should satisfy the Lorentz condition:

[0153]

[0154] Combining equations (1), (2), (3), and (4), the d'Alembert equation is obtained as follows:

[0155]

[0156] The system in the embodiment of this application describes electromagnetic fields through vector potential and scalar potential, and derives the d'Alembert equation according to the Lorentz condition. These steps provide a theoretical basis and mathematical tool for subsequent electromagnetic field modeling and solving, ensure the accuracy and computability of the electromagnetic field model, and provide reliable theoretical support for the lightning immunity analysis of new energy vehicles.

[0157] Optionally, step 102 includes:

[0158] Step 1021, set the ground as a perfectly conducting plane.

[0159] In the embodiment of this application, the ground refers to the earth's surface, and the perfectly conducting plane refers to a plane with high conductivity, which can be approximated as an ideal conductor. In electromagnetic field analysis, the perfectly conducting plane is usually used to simplify the model, assuming that it can completely reflect electromagnetic waves.

[0160] The system sets the ground as a perfectly conducting plane. Through this setting, the system simplifies the boundary conditions in electromagnetic field analysis, assuming that the ground can completely reflect electromagnetic waves, thereby reducing the computational complexity. This setting provides a basis for subsequent antenna model construction and electromagnetic field solution.

[0161] Step 1022: Simplify the lightning return stroke channel into a straight channel perpendicular to the ground.

[0162] In the embodiment of the present application, the lightning return stroke channel refers to the path along which the current propagates from the ground to the cloud layer during the lightning discharge process. The straight channel means simplifying the complex lightning path into a straight line perpendicular to the ground to facilitate modeling and calculation.

[0163] The system simplifies the lightning return stroke channel into a straight channel perpendicular to the ground. Through this simplification, the system can more easily establish a mathematical model and reduce the computational complexity. This simplification assumes that the lightning return stroke channel is a straight line perpendicular to the ground, facilitating subsequent geometric parameter definition and electromagnetic field solution.

[0164] Step 1023: Define the geometric parameters and current density distribution of the return stroke channel.

[0165] In the embodiment of the present application, the geometric parameters refer to the parameters describing the shape and size of the return stroke channel, such as length, diameter, etc. The current density distribution refers to the distribution of current in the return stroke channel, usually expressed by the current intensity per unit area.

[0166] The system defines the geometric parameters and current density distribution of the return stroke channel. The geometric parameters include the length and diameter of the channel, and the current density distribution describes the distribution of current in the channel. By defining these parameters, the system can more accurately simulate the electromagnetic field characteristics of the lightning return stroke channel and provide the necessary input data for subsequent electromagnetic field solution.

[0167] Step 1024: Construct the three-dimensional structure of the antenna model in the electromagnetic simulation software.

[0168] In the embodiment of the present application, the electromagnetic simulation software refers to the computer software used to simulate the behavior of the electromagnetic field, which can construct and analyze complex three-dimensional electromagnetic field models. The three-dimensional structure refers to a three-dimensional model with length, width, and height.

[0169] The system constructs the three-dimensional structure of the antenna model in the electromagnetic simulation software. The system constructs the three-dimensional model of the return stroke channel according to the defined geometric parameters and current density distribution. The system can more realistically simulate the electromagnetic field distribution of the lightning return stroke channel and provide an accurate model basis for subsequent electromagnetic field solution.

[0170] Step 1025: Solve the scalar potential and vector potential expressions of the antenna model using the Green's function method.

[0171] In the embodiments of the present application, the Green's function method is a mathematical tool used to solve partial differential equations, especially for solving the scalar potential and vector potential in electromagnetic field analysis. The scalar potential and vector potential are mathematical tools for describing the electromagnetic field. The scalar potential is used to describe the electric field, and the vector potential is used to describe the magnetic field.

[0172] The system uses the Green's function method to solve the expressions of the scalar potential and vector potential of the antenna model. The Green's function method solves the scalar potential and vector potential of the electromagnetic field through integral equations, and the system uses this method to obtain the mathematical expressions of the electromagnetic field. The system can accurately describe the distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic field and provide a mathematical basis for subsequent electromagnetic field analysis.

[0173] Step 1026: Calculate the contribution of the current components at different heights in the return stroke channel to the electromagnetic field by the dipole method.

[0174] In the embodiments of the present application, the dipole method is a method for calculating the electromagnetic field, assuming that the current distribution can be represented by a series of dipoles. The current component refers to the distribution of the current at different heights, and the contribution to the electromagnetic field refers to the influence of the current at different heights on the electromagnetic field.

[0175] Specifically, taking the earth as a good conducting plane, without considering the influence of the charge in the cloud, considering the space around the channel as infinite space, simplifying the return stroke channel into a straight channel perpendicular to the ground, and establishing an antenna model, as Figure 2 shown.

[0176] Using the Green's function method to solve Equation (5), the solution is:

[0177]

[0178] where c is the speed of light, r' s —— the vector of the source point; r s —— the vector of the observation point; R is the distance from the observation point to the source point, R = ∣R∣ = ∣r s -r' s ∣, and V is the source volume.

[0179] The scalar potential and vector potential are related by the Lorentz condition and equal to the continuity equation of ρ and J as follows:

[0180]

[0181] Using the dipole method to solve the Lorentz condition, the electromagnetic field generated by an infinitesimal dipole located at z' is obtained. Integrating z' over the entire channel, the radial electric field and vertical electric field are obtained. Since the observation point P is taken on the ground, the radial electric field is zero, and the results are as follows:

[0182]

[0183] E z The first term of is the electrostatic field component, the second term is the induced electric field component, and the third term is the radiated electric field component. Since the current propagates upward from the bottom of the channel in a process, there is a time delay in the height seen by an observer at point P at time t. H(t) in Equation (8) represents the delayed height seen and is determined by the following formula:

[0184]

[0185] where v is the current return stroke velocity.

[0186] The system calculates the contribution of the current components at different heights in the return stroke channel to the electromagnetic field by the dipole method. The system regards the current distribution in the return stroke channel as a series of dipoles, calculates the contribution of each dipole to the electromagnetic field, and obtains the total electromagnetic field distribution through integration. The system can analyze in detail the influence of the current at different heights on the electromagnetic field and provide data support for the subsequent optimization of the electromagnetic field.

[0187] In the embodiment of the present application, by constructing a simplified lightning return stroke channel antenna model and using the Green's function method and the dipole method to solve the scalar potential and vector potential expressions of the electromagnetic field, the accuracy and computability of the electromagnetic field model are ensured, providing reliable electromagnetic field distribution data for the analysis of the lightning immunity of new energy vehicles.

[0188] Optionally, step 103 includes:

[0189] Step 1031, numerically solve the d'Alembert equation by using the Green's function method.

[0190] In the embodiment of the present application, the system numerically solves the d'Alembert equation by using the Green's function method. The Green's function method solves the distribution of the electromagnetic field through an integral equation. The system uses this method to perform numerical calculations on the d'Alembert equation to obtain the numerical solution of the electromagnetic field. The system can accurately solve the distribution of the electromagnetic field and provide data support for the subsequent analysis of the electric field components.

[0191] Step 1032, decompose the electromagnetic field into an electrostatic field component, an induced field component, and a radiated field component.

[0192] In the embodiment of the present application, the system decomposes the electromagnetic field into an electrostatic field component, an induced field component, and a radiated field component. The system decomposes the total distribution of the electromagnetic field into three parts through mathematical methods, corresponding to different physical mechanisms respectively. The system can analyze in detail each component of the electromagnetic field and provide a basis for the subsequent extraction and simplification of the electric field components.

[0193] Step 1033, extract the integral expression of the electrostatic field component from the calculation results.

[0194] In the embodiments of the present application, the system extracts the integral expression of the electrostatic field component from the calculation results. The system analyzes the numerical solution of the electromagnetic field and extracts the mathematical expression of the electrostatic field component. The system can accurately describe the distribution characteristics of the electrostatic field component and provide a mathematical basis for the subsequent simplification of the electric field component.

[0195] Step 1034: Based on the geometric parameters of the return stroke channel, derive the simplified formulas for the induced field component and the radiation field component.

[0196] In the embodiments of the present application, the system derives the simplified formulas for the induced field component and the radiation field component based on the geometric parameters of the return stroke channel. The system analyzes the geometric characteristics of the return stroke channel, ignores the secondary factors, and derives the simplified formulas for the induced field component and the radiation field component. The system can simplify the calculation process of the electromagnetic field and improve the calculation efficiency and accuracy.

[0197] Step 1035: Verify the calculation accuracy of the electric field component at different distances.

[0198] In the embodiments of the present application, the system verifies the calculation accuracy of the electric field component at different distances. The system evaluates the calculation accuracy of the electric field component by comparing the numerical calculation results with the theoretical values or experimental data. The system can ensure the accuracy of the electromagnetic field model and provide reliable data support for the subsequent optimization of the electromagnetic field and the vehicle immunity design.

[0199] Specifically, calculate the electromagnetic field distribution: Using the antenna model and the selected solution method, calculate the distribution of the electromagnetic field, including the electrostatic field component, the induced field component, and the radiation field component.

[0200] The electric field is divided into an electrostatic field component, an induced field component, and a radiation field component, as follows:

[0201]

[0202] Step 4: Analysis of Electric Field Components and Simplification and Optimization of the Model

[0203] 4.1 Separate the electric field components: Separate the electrostatic field component, the induced field component, and the radiation field component from the calculation results.

[0204] The electrostatic field component obtained from Equation (10) is:

[0205]

[0206] Integrating gives:

[0207]

[0208] From Equation (9), the first term of Equation (12) is 0, then:

[0209]

[0210] In the embodiments of the present application, the distribution of the electromagnetic field is accurately solved and decomposed into an electrostatic field component, an induced field component, and a radiation field component. The system extracts the integral expression of the electrostatic field component and derives the simplified formulas for the induced field component and the radiation field component. Finally, the system verifies the calculation accuracy of the electric field component to ensure the accuracy of the model.

[0211] Optionally, step 104 includes:

[0212] Step 1041, ignoring the hysteresis effect during the lightning return stroke process.

[0213] In the embodiments of the present application, the hysteresis effect refers to the electromagnetic field response delay phenomenon caused by the change in the current propagation speed during the lightning return stroke process. Ignoring the hysteresis effect means assuming a constant current propagation speed and simplifying the calculation of the electromagnetic field.

[0214] The system ignores the hysteresis effect during the lightning return stroke process. Through this assumption, the system simplifies the calculation model of the electromagnetic field, assuming a constant current propagation speed, thereby reducing the calculation complexity. This step provides simplified conditions for the subsequent calculation of the electric field component, making the model easier to handle.

[0215] Step 1042, assuming that the linear charge density of the return stroke channel tends to be constant with height.

[0216] In the embodiments of the present application, the linear charge density refers to the amount of charge per unit length of the return stroke channel. Assuming that the linear charge density tends to be constant with height means ignoring the small change in the charge density with height and simplifying the calculation of the electromagnetic field.

[0217] The system assumes that the linear charge density of the return stroke channel tends to be constant with height. Through this assumption, the system further simplifies the calculation model of the electromagnetic field, ignoring the small change in the charge density with height. This step makes the calculation of the electric field component more concise and facilitates subsequent formula adjustment and optimization.

[0218] Step 1043, adjusting the calculation formula of the electric field component according to the actual distance range between the new energy vehicle and the lightning strike point.

[0219] In the embodiments of the present application, the actual distance range refers to the typical distance range between the new energy vehicle and the lightning strike point. Adjusting the calculation formula means modifying the calculation formula of the electric field component according to the actual application scenario to improve the applicability and accuracy of the model.

[0220] The system adjusts the calculation formula of the electric field component according to the actual distance range between the new energy vehicle and the lightning strike point. The system refines the calculation formula of the electric field component by analyzing the typical distance between the new energy vehicle and the lightning strike point, making it more in line with the actual application scenario.

[0221] Step 1044: Combine the electrostatic field component and the induced field component into a near-field electric field expression.

[0222] In the embodiments of the present application, the electrostatic field component refers to the electric field component generated by static charges, and the induced field component refers to the electric field component induced by a changing magnetic field. The near-field electric field expression refers to the mathematical expression describing the near-field electric field distribution.

[0223] The system combines the electrostatic field component and the induced field component into a near-field electric field expression. The system combines the electrostatic field component and the induced field component through mathematical methods to form an expression suitable for near-field electric field analysis. This step simplifies the calculation of the electric field component and facilitates subsequent simulation and evaluation.

[0224] Step 1045: Delete the high-order terms in the radiation field component that are irrelevant to vehicle safety assessment.

[0225] In the embodiments of the present application, the radiation field component refers to the electric field component generated by electromagnetic wave radiation. The high-order term refers to the term with a higher degree in the mathematical expression, usually having a smaller impact on the result. Deleting the high-order term means ignoring these terms with a smaller impact on the result and simplifying the calculation formula.

[0226] The system deletes the high-order terms in the radiation field component that are irrelevant to vehicle safety assessment. The system analyzes the mathematical expression of the radiation field component and deletes the high-order terms with a smaller impact on vehicle safety assessment, thereby simplifying the calculation formula.

[0227] Specifically, for the lightning situation that new energy vehicles may encounter, the near-field electric field formula is refined. When the vehicle is driving on the road, since there are usually tall objects such as buildings or street lights on both sides of the road, the possibility of the electric vehicle being directly struck by lightning is very small. For electric vehicles, it is more likely that lightning strikes a nearby building and induces an electromagnetic field at the location of the electric vehicle. Therefore, for this situation, the formula can be further simplified to ensure that this modeling method highly fits the actual application scenario of new energy vehicles and realizes the accurate analysis and effective evaluation of the lightning electric field environment of new energy vehicles.

[0228] For the lightning environment that electric vehicles may encounter, we can make special simplifications. First, we can assume r＜＜H(t), and the hysteresis effect is ignored. The discharge channel of lightning is several kilometers long, usually much larger than the distance between the vehicle and the lightning strike point when lightning strikes. Secondly, it is assumed that the linear charge density changes little with height. Because for the electric field at close range, the contribution of the current component at higher altitudes is limited, and the feasibility of this method is better, which is convenient for the analysis of lightning effects on electric vehicles.

[0229] If r＜＜H ( t ), the hysteresis effect can be ignored, and within the channel cross-section that generates the field at point r, the linear charge density ρL changes little with height, and the following derivation can be carried out, and finally Equation (19) is obtained.

[0230]

[0231]

[0232] Since H is much larger than r, then The term will tend to Therefore Can be approximately equal to Finally, the expression of the lightning electric field can be simplified to:

[0233]

[0234] Refine and adjust the formula for the electric field at close range to ensure a high degree of fit with the actual application scenarios of new energy vehicles.

[0235] In the embodiment of the present application, the electromagnetic field calculation model during the lightning return stroke is simplified, and the hysteresis effect and the small change in the linear charge density are ignored. The system adjusts the calculation formula of the electric field component according to the actual distance range between the new energy vehicle and the lightning strike point, and combines the electrostatic field component and the induced field component into an expression for the electric field at close range. Finally, the system deletes the high-order terms in the radiation field component that are irrelevant to the vehicle safety assessment, further optimizing the calculation formula.

[0236] Optionally, step 105 includes:

[0237] Step 1051, convert the expression of the electric field at close range into discretized computer-executable code.

[0238] In the embodiment of the present application, the system converts the expression of the electric field at close range into discretized computer-executable code. The system discretizes the continuous electric field expression through numerical methods, converts it into a discrete form that can be processed by a computer, and writes it as executable code. The system can convert the mathematical model into a computer program, providing a basis for subsequent calculation of the electric field distribution.

[0239] Step 1052, implement the input of the geometric parameters of the return stroke channel and the calculation of the electric field distribution in a programming language.

[0240] In the embodiments of the present application, a programming language refers to a language used to write computer programs, such as Python, MATLAB, etc. Geometric parameters refer to the parameters describing the shape and size of the return stroke channel, such as length, diameter, etc. Electric field distribution calculation refers to calculating the distribution of the electric field in space through a computer program.

[0241] The system realizes the input of the geometric parameters of the return stroke channel and the calculation of the electric field distribution in the programming language. The system writes code in the programming language, inputs the geometric parameters of the return stroke channel, and calculates the electric field distribution based on the discretized electric field expression. The system can automatically calculate the electric field distribution, improving the calculation efficiency and accuracy.

[0242] Step 1053: Call the interface of the electromagnetic simulation software to load the three-dimensional model of the new energy vehicle.

[0243] In the embodiments of the present application, the electromagnetic simulation software refers to computer software used to simulate the behavior of electromagnetic fields, which can construct and analyze complex three-dimensional electromagnetic field models. The interface refers to the channel for data exchange and communication between software. The three-dimensional model refers to a three-dimensional model with length, width, and height.

[0244] The system calls the interface of the electromagnetic simulation software to load the three-dimensional model of the new energy vehicle. The system loads the three-dimensional model of the new energy vehicle into the simulation environment through the interface of the electromagnetic simulation software. The system can combine the lightning electric field model with the vehicle model, providing a basis for subsequent coupled simulation.

[0245] Step 1054: Perform a coupled simulation of the lightning electric field model and the vehicle electronic system.

[0246] In the embodiments of the present application, the lightning electric field model refers to a mathematical model describing the electromagnetic field distribution during the lightning discharge process. The vehicle electronic system refers to the electronic devices and control systems in the new energy vehicle. Coupled simulation refers to combining two or more system models for joint simulation.

[0247] The system performs a coupled simulation of the lightning electric field model and the vehicle electronic system. The system applies the lightning electric field model to the vehicle electronic system in the electromagnetic simulation software to simulate the influence of the lightning-induced electric field on the vehicle electronic devices. The system can analyze the response characteristics of the vehicle electronic system in the lightning environment, providing data support for safety assessment.

[0248] Step 1055: Output the transient response data of the electronic device under the lightning-induced electric field.

[0249] In the embodiments of the present application, the transient response data refers to the instantaneous response data of the electronic device under the action of the lightning-induced electric field, usually including the change conditions of parameters such as voltage and current.

[0250] The system outputs the transient response data of the electronic device under the lightning-induced electric field. Through simulation calculations, the system obtains the transient response data of the electronic device under the action of the lightning-induced electric field and outputs it as an analyzable data file. The system can provide detailed data support for the safety assessment and optimized design of the vehicle electronic system.

[0251] In the embodiment of the present application, the lightning electric field model is converted into computer-executable code, and the calculation of the electric field distribution is implemented in a programming language. The system calls the interface of the electromagnetic simulation software to load the three-dimensional model of the new energy vehicle and performs a coupled simulation of the lightning electric field model and the vehicle electronic system. Finally, the system outputs the transient response data of the electronic device under the lightning-induced electric field.

[0252] Optionally, step 106 includes:

[0253] Step 1061, setting the spatial distribution parameters of the lightning-induced electric field in the simulation environment.

[0254] In the embodiment of the present application, the simulation environment refers to a computer software environment for simulating actual physical phenomena. The lightning-induced electric field refers to the electromagnetic field generated near the vehicle during the lightning discharge process. The spatial distribution parameters refer to the parameters describing the distribution of the electromagnetic field in space, such as the electric field strength, direction, etc.

[0255] The system sets the spatial distribution parameters of the lightning-induced electric field in the simulation environment. According to the lightning electric field model, the system inputs parameters such as the electric field strength and direction to define the distribution characteristics of the lightning-induced electric field in space. The system can accurately simulate the spatial distribution of the lightning-induced electric field and provide a basis for subsequent electric field mapping and interference calculation.

[0256] Step 1062, mapping the electric field model to the geometric surfaces of the vehicle cables and electronic devices.

[0257] In the embodiment of the present application, the electric field model refers to a mathematical model describing the distribution of the lightning-induced electric field. The vehicle cables refer to the power lines, signal lines, etc. in the new energy vehicle. The electronic devices refer to the power system, communication module, control unit, etc. in the vehicle. The geometric surface refers to the outer surfaces of the vehicle cables and electronic devices.

[0258] The system maps the electric field model to the geometric surfaces of the vehicle cables and electronic devices. The system maps the distribution data of the lightning-induced electric field to the geometric surfaces of the vehicle cables and electronic devices through the simulation software to simulate the actual impact of the electric field on these components. The system can analyze the specific effects of the electric field on the vehicle cables and electronic devices and provide data support for subsequent interference intensity calculation.

[0259] Step 1063, calculate the interference intensity of the electric field on the vehicle power system, communication module, and control unit.

[0260] In the embodiments of the present application, the interference intensity refers to the intensity of the electromagnetic interference generated by the lightning-induced electric field on vehicle electronic devices, usually expressed by parameters such as voltage and current. The vehicle power system refers to the system that provides electrical energy for the vehicle, the communication module refers to the wireless communication devices in the vehicle, and the control unit refers to the electronic control unit (ECU) in the vehicle.

[0261] The system calculates the interference intensity of the electric field on the vehicle power system, communication module, and control unit. The system analyzes the influence of the lightning-induced electric field on the vehicle power system, communication module, and control unit through simulation software, and calculates the generated interference intensity. The system can quantify the interference degree of the electric field on vehicle electronic devices and provide data support for safety assessment.

[0262] Step 1064, evaluate the safety performance level of the vehicle according to the immunity threshold in the preset standard regulations.

[0263] In the embodiments of the present application, the preset standard regulations refer to the vehicle immunity requirements stipulated in industry or national standards. The immunity threshold refers to the maximum electromagnetic interference intensity that vehicle electronic devices can withstand. The safety performance level refers to the safety performance evaluation result of the vehicle in a lightning environment, usually divided into multiple levels.

[0264] The system evaluates the safety performance level of the vehicle according to the immunity threshold in the preset standard regulations. The system compares the calculated interference intensity with the immunity threshold to evaluate the safety performance level of vehicle electronic devices in a lightning environment. The system can determine whether the vehicle meets the safety standards and provide a basis for subsequent optimization design.

[0265] Step 1065, generate an evaluation report including the electric field intensity distribution map and the device failure probability.

[0266] In the embodiments of the present application, the electric field intensity distribution map refers to a graph describing the distribution of the lightning-induced electric field in space. The device failure probability refers to the probability that vehicle electronic devices fail under the action of the lightning-induced electric field. The evaluation report refers to a document containing simulation results and analysis conclusions.

[0267] The system generates an evaluation report including the electric field intensity distribution map and the device failure probability. The system visualizes the simulation results, generates the electric field intensity distribution map, calculates the device failure probability, and finally forms an evaluation report. The system can provide detailed evaluation data and analysis conclusions for vehicle design and optimization of protection measures.

[0268] In an embodiment of the present application, the spatial distribution parameters of the lightning-induced electric field are set in a simulation environment, and the electric field model is mapped to the geometric surfaces of vehicle cables and electronic devices. The system calculates the interference intensity of the electric field on the vehicle power supply system, communication module, and control unit, and evaluates the safety performance level of the vehicle according to a preset standard. Finally, the system generates an evaluation report including the electric field intensity distribution map and the device failure probability.

[0269] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a lightning immunity analysis device for a new energy vehicle for implementing the above-mentioned lightning immunity analysis method for a new energy vehicle. The implementation solution provided by this device to solve problems is similar to the implementation solution described in the above method. Therefore, the specific limitations in one or more embodiments of the following lightning immunity analysis device for a new energy vehicle can refer to the limitations for the lightning immunity analysis method for a new energy vehicle in the above text, and will not be repeated here.

[0270] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, a lightning immunity analysis device 20 for a new energy vehicle is provided, including:

[0271] A processing module 201, configured to input the basic equations of the electromagnetic field and define the medium parameters;

[0272] Establish an antenna model including the ground and the return stroke channel;

[0273] Solve the electromagnetic field distribution of the antenna model and separate the electric field components;

[0274] Simplify the electromagnetic field model to adapt to the lightning scenario of the new energy vehicle;

[0275] Edit the formula calculation for implementing the simplified electromagnetic field model;

[0276] Apply the lightning electric field model to the new energy vehicle system for simulation;

[0277] An output module 202, configured to output the simulation results and optimize the vehicle immunity design.

[0278] Optionally, the processing module 201 is further configured to:

[0279] Input the basic theory equations of the electromagnetic field including the Ampere-Maxwell equation into the computer;

[0280] Set the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability parameters of the medium;

[0281] Under the conditions of a homogeneous, time-invariant, linear, and isotropic medium, describe the electromagnetic field through vector potential and scalar potential;

[0282] Derive the d'Alembert equation according to the Lorentz condition;

[0283] Use the said d'Alembert equation as the basis for solving subsequent models.

[0284] Optionally, the processing module 201 is further configured to:

[0285] Set the earth as a good conducting plane;

[0286] Simplify the lightning return stroke channel into a straight channel perpendicular to the earth;

[0287] Define the geometric parameters and current density distribution of the return stroke channel;

[0288] Construct a three-dimensional structure of the antenna model in electromagnetic simulation software;

[0289] Solve the scalar potential and vector potential expressions of the antenna model using the Green's function method;

[0290] Calculate the contribution of the current components at different heights in the return stroke channel to the electromagnetic field by the dipole method.

[0291] Optionally, the processing module 201 is further configured to:

[0292] Numerically solve the d'Alembert equation using the Green's function method;

[0293] Decompose the electromagnetic field into an electrostatic field component, an induced field component, and a radiation field component;

[0294] Extract the integral expression of the electrostatic field component from the calculation results;

[0295] Derive simplified formulas for the induced field component and the radiation field component based on the geometric parameters of the return stroke channel;

[0296] Verify the calculation accuracy of the electric field component at different distances.

[0297] Optionally, the processing module 201 is further configured to:

[0298] Ignore the hysteresis effect during the lightning return stroke process;

[0299] Assume that the linear charge density of the return stroke channel tends to be constant with height change;

[0300] Adjust the calculation formula of the electric field component according to the actual distance range between the new energy vehicle and the lightning strike point;

[0301] Combine the electrostatic field component and the induced field component into a near-field electric field expression;

[0302] Delete the high-order terms irrelevant to vehicle safety assessment in the radiation field component.

[0303] Optionally, the processing module 201 is further configured to:

[0304] Convert the near - field electric field expression into discretized computer - executable code;

[0305] Implement the input of geometric parameters of the return stroke channel and the calculation of electric field distribution in a programming language;

[0306] Call the interface of electromagnetic simulation software to load the three - dimensional model of the new energy vehicle;

[0307] Couple - simulate the lightning electric field model with the vehicle electronic system;

[0308] Output the transient response data of the electronic device under the lightning - induced electric field.

[0309] Optionally, the processing module 201 is further configured to:

[0310] Set the spatial distribution parameters of the lightning - induced electric field in the simulation environment;

[0311] Map the electric field model to the geometric surfaces of vehicle cables and electronic devices;

[0312] Calculate the interference intensity of the electric field on the vehicle power supply system, communication module, and control unit;

[0313] Evaluate the safety performance level of the vehicle according to the immunity threshold in the preset standard regulations;

[0314] Generate an evaluation report including the electric field intensity distribution map and the device failure probability.

[0315] In the embodiment of the present application, by accurately analyzing the electric field of the new energy vehicle in the lightning electromagnetic environment, a lightning electric field environment model applicable to the lightning immunity analysis of the new energy vehicle is established. This model can accurately and quickly evaluate the impact of the lightning - induced electric field on the vehicle electrical system and electronic devices, provide a reliable basis for safety evaluation, and reduce the failure risk. Based on this, the vehicle design and protection can be optimized, the immunity ability can be improved, and the service life can be extended.

[0316] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device can be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram can be as Figure 4As shown in the figure. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, abbreviated as I / O), and a communication interface. Among them, the processor, the memory, and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store the lightning immunity analysis data of new energy vehicles. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a method for analyzing the lightning immunity of new energy vehicles.

[0317] Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 4 the structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of some structures related to the solution of this application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of this application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine some components, or have different component arrangements.

[0318] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is further provided, including a memory and a processor. A computer program is stored in the memory, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0319] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0320] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0321] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use, and processing of relevant data need to comply with relevant regulations.

[0322] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Among them, any reference to a memory, database, or other medium used in the various embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memories. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc.

[0323] The databases involved in the various embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of relational databases and non-relational databases. Non-relational databases can include distributed databases based on blockchain, etc., without limitation. The processors involved in the various embodiments provided in the present application can be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, data processing logics based on quantum computing, etc., without limitation.

[0324] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0325] Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present application; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the lightning immunity of a new energy vehicle, characterized in that, The lightning immunity analysis method for the new energy vehicle includes: Input the basic equations of electromagnetic fields and define the medium parameters; Establish an antenna model including the ground and the return stroke channel; Solve the electromagnetic field distribution of the antenna model and separate the electric field components; Simplify the electromagnetic field model to adapt to the lightning scenario of new energy vehicles; Edit and implement the formula calculation of the simplified electromagnetic field model; Apply the lightning electric field model to the new energy vehicle system for simulation; Output the simulation results and optimize the vehicle immunity design.

2. The method for analyzing the lightning immunity of a new energy vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of inputting the basic equations of electromagnetic fields and defining the medium parameters includes: Input the basic theoretical equations of electromagnetic fields including Ampere-Maxwell equations into the computer; Set the permittivity and permeability parameters of the medium; Under the conditions of a homogeneous, time-invariant, linear, and isotropic medium, describe the electromagnetic field by vector potential and scalar potential; Derive the d'Alembert equation according to the Lorenz condition; Take the d'Alembert equation as the basis for subsequent model solving.

3. The method for analyzing the lightning immunity of a new energy vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The step of establishing an antenna model including the ground and the return stroke channel includes: Set the ground as a perfectly conducting plane; Simplify the lightning return stroke channel into a straight channel perpendicular to the ground; Define the geometric parameters and current density distribution of the return stroke channel; Construct the three-dimensional structure of the antenna model in electromagnetic simulation software; Solve the scalar potential and vector potential expressions of the antenna model using the Green's function method; Calculate the contribution of the current components at different heights in the return stroke channel to the electromagnetic field by the dipole method.

4. The method for analyzing the lightning immunity of a new energy vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of solving the electromagnetic field distribution of the antenna model and separating the electric field components includes: Numerically solve the d'Alembert equation using the Green's function method; Decompose the electromagnetic field into electrostatic field components, induced field components, and radiation field components; Extract the integral expression of the electrostatic field components from the calculation results; Based on the geometric parameters of the return stroke channel, derive the simplified formulas for the induced field components and radiation field components; Verify the calculation accuracy of the electric field components at different distances.

5. The method for analyzing the lightning immunity of a new energy vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of simplifying the electromagnetic field model to adapt to the lightning scenario of new energy vehicles includes: Ignore the retardation effect during the lightning return stroke process; Assume that the linear charge density of the return stroke channel varies with height and tends to be constant; According to the actual distance range between the new energy vehicle and the lightning strike point, adjust the calculation formula of the electric field components; Combine the electrostatic field components and induced field components into a near-field electric field expression; Delete the high-order terms irrelevant to vehicle safety assessment in the radiation field components.

6. The method for analyzing the lightning immunity of a new energy vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The step of editing and implementing the formula calculation of the simplified electromagnetic field model includes: Convert the near-field electric field expression into discretized computer-executable code; Implement the input of the geometric parameters of the return stroke channel and the calculation of the electric field distribution in a programming language; Call the interface of the electromagnetic simulation software to load the three-dimensional model of the new energy vehicle; Perform a coupled simulation of the lightning electric field model and the vehicle electronic system; Output the transient response data of the electronic device under the lightning-induced electric field.

7. The method for analyzing the lightning immunity of a new energy vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of applying the lightning electric field model to the new energy vehicle system for simulation includes: Set the spatial distribution parameters of the lightning-induced electric field in the simulation environment; Map the electric field model to the geometric surfaces of the vehicle cables and electronic devices; Calculate the interference intensity of the electric field on the vehicle power supply system, communication module and control unit; Evaluate the safety performance level of the vehicle according to the immunity threshold in the preset standard regulations; Generate an evaluation report including the electric field intensity distribution map and the equipment failure probability.

8. An apparatus for analyzing the lightning immunity of a new energy vehicle, characterized in that, The lightning immunity analysis device for the new energy vehicle includes: A processing module for inputting the basic electromagnetic field equation and defining the medium parameters; Establish an antenna model including the ground and the return stroke channel; Solve the electromagnetic field distribution of the antenna model and separate the electric field components; Simplify the electromagnetic field model to adapt to the lightning scenario of the new energy vehicle; Edit the formula calculation for implementing the simplified electromagnetic field model; Apply the lightning electric field model to the new energy vehicle system for simulation; An output module for outputting the simulation results and optimizing the vehicle immunity design.

9. A computer device, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the lightning immunity analysis method for the new energy vehicle according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the lightning immunity analysis method for the new energy vehicle according to any one of claims 1-7.

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