Urban carbon emission oxygen consumption estimation system and estimation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an urban carbon emission oxygen consumption estimation system and an estimation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of carbon emission, and the estimation system comprises S1, data acquisition: S11, an energy consumption data module obtains consumption data of various types of energy from an urban energy supply department, and transmits the consumption data to an urban electric power company through a data interface with the urban electric power company; acquiring electricity consumption of each region in each month in real time, and acquiring supply data of natural gas from a gas company; for energy sources such as coal and petroleum, the consumption of industrial coal, resident coal and various oil products in cities is counted; and S12, a population data module which cooperates with an urban statistical bureau to obtain population quantity, population structure and employment distribution information of the city and obtain population density data of each district and county. The actual conditions of urban carbon emission and oxygen consumption can be reflected more accurately by comprehensively considering the effects of human activities and ecological systems in cities and performing refined estimation by using multi-source data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbon emissions, and particularly relates to an estimation system and an estimation method for the carbon consumption oxygen consumption of urban emissions. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the industrialization and urbanization processes, cities have become one of the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions. Activities such as energy consumption, industrial production, transportation, and residents' lives in cities generate a large amount of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, which have a significant impact on global climate change. At the same time, the role of urban ecosystems in the carbon-oxygen cycle has also been increasingly concerned. However, there are many limitations in existing carbon emission and oxygen consumption estimation methods. On the one hand, traditional estimation methods mostly rely on macro statistical data, such as the total energy consumption, population quantity, etc., and it is difficult to accurately reflect the carbon emissions and oxygen consumption of different regions and industries within the city. On the other hand, existing methods are mostly static estimations and cannot reflect the changing trends of urban carbon emissions and oxygen consumption in real time, making it difficult to meet the needs of the rapid development of cities. In addition, most estimation methods mainly focus on the carbon emissions and oxygen consumption of human activities, and insufficient consideration is given to the carbon sequestration and oxygen release effects of urban ecosystems (such as forests, grasslands, wetlands, etc.), resulting in incomplete estimation results. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an estimation system and method that can comprehensively consider various factors of the city, have high precision and dynamics, and can provide a scientific basis for urban carbon reduction and ecological planning. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an estimation system and an estimation method for the carbon consumption oxygen consumption of urban emissions to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The estimation system includes S1: Data collection, and the S1: Data collection includes: S11: Energy consumption data module, obtaining the consumption data of various types of energy from the urban energy supply department, and through the data interface with the urban power company, obtaining the electricity consumption of each region monthly in real time. At the same time, obtaining the supply data of natural gas from the gas company; for energy such as coal and oil, counting the industrial coal consumption, residential coal consumption, and consumption of various oil products in the city; S12: Population data module, cooperating with the urban statistics bureau to obtain the population quantity, population structure, and employment distribution information of the city, and obtaining the population density data of each district and county; S13: Economic industry data module, collecting the economic scale, industrial output value, and service industry turnover of different industries in the city, counting the output, output value, etc. of each industrial enterprise, and at the same time understanding the industrial structure and distinguishing the proportion of high-energy-consuming industries and low-energy-consuming industries; S14: Land Use and Ecological Data Module. Using satellite remote sensing and geographic information system technologies, obtain the urban land use types, including the areas of construction land, agricultural land, forest land, and water areas. S15: Meteorological and Environmental Data Module. Obtain and collect the meteorological data of the city, including temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and wind direction, from the monitoring stations of the meteorological department, and record them in hours or days. S2: Data Processing and Analysis; The S2: Data Processing and Collection includes: S21: Data Cleaning and Preprocessing. Clean the various types of collected data to remove outliers and missing values. S22: Calculation of Carbon Emissions and Oxygen Consumption from Energy Consumption. Calculate the carbon emissions generated by coal energy consumption in the city according to the carbon emission coefficients and oxygen consumption coefficients of various energy sources. S23: Calculation of Carbon Emissions and Oxygen Consumption from Industrial Activities. Calculate the oxygen consumption generated by residents' living based on population data and per capita oxygen consumption standards. Estimate the carbon emissions of each industrial activity according to the economic activity characteristics of different industries and the corresponding emission factors. Consider the oxygen consumption in industrial activities and calculate it by multiplying the industrial activity intensity by the corresponding oxygen consumption coefficient. S24: Calculation of Carbon Sequestration and Oxygen Release by Ecosystems. Use data such as ecological land area, vegetation type, and biomass, and combine with the corresponding carbon sequestration and oxygen release coefficients to calculate the carbon sequestration amount and oxygen release amount generated by the ecosystem. S25: Carbon-Oxygen Balance Analysis. Compare and analyze the calculated carbon emissions and oxygen consumption of the city and the carbon sequestration and oxygen release amounts of the ecosystem, and calculate the carbon-oxygen balance index. As a further preference of this technical solution: Various energy sources include coal, petroleum, natural gas, and electricity. These data are accurate to cubic meters. The consumption of coal and oil products is obtained from the sales records of relevant energy enterprises. The population structure includes age and gender. High-energy-consuming industries include iron and steel and chemical industries. Low-energy-consuming industries include electronic information. The Meteorological and Environmental Data Module collects PM2.5 and carbon dioxide concentrations. Outliers refer to energy consumption data that significantly exceed the normal range. For missing electricity consumption data for a certain day and area, it can be estimated by interpolation method. As a further preference of this technical solution: The carbon emission calculation formula is: = , where is the coal consumption, is the carbon emission coefficient, with the unit of ton; The oxygen consumption calculation formula is: = , where is the coal consumption, is the oxygen consumption; As a further preference of this technical solution: The oxygen consumption calculation formula generated by residents' living is: = , where P is the urban population, is the oxygen consumption per person per year, with the unit of kilogram; As a further optimization of this technical solution: The calculation formula for the carbon sequestration amount generated by the ecosystem is: = , where is the forest area, with the unit of hectare, is the carbon sequestration coefficient of the forest, the production amount per hectare per year, with the unit of kilogram. The calculation formula for the oxygen release amount of the ecosystem is: = , where is the oxygen release coefficient, the oxygen release amount per hectare per year, with the unit of kilogram; As a further optimization of this technical solution: The calculation formula for the carbon balance coefficient is: = , where is the total urban carbon emissions. The calculation formula for the oxygen balance coefficient is: = , where is the total urban oxygen consumption; The present invention also provides an estimation method for an urban carbon emission and oxygen consumption estimation system, including: S3: Data estimation method, and the S3: Data estimation method includes: S31: Estimation based on emission factors, determining emission sources including fossil fuel combustion, industrial production processes, and transportation, collecting emission factors, and calculating the emission amount and oxygen consumption; S32: Estimation based on the carbon-oxygen balance model, constructing a carbon-oxygen balance model according to the carbon-oxygen budget balance of the urban ecosystem and human social and economic activities, estimating the carbon sequestration and oxygen release amounts of the ecosystem, and simultaneously estimating the carbon emission and oxygen consumption of social and economic activities according to the oxygen consumption of residents' lives; S33: Estimation based on life cycle assessment. Taking a building as an example, the research scope covers the entire life cycle from the production, transportation, construction, use stage to the demolition of the building materials. In the building material production stage, the decomposition of carbonates in the cement production process will generate carbon dioxide. In the use stage, the energy consumption of the building is mainly electricity and natural gas, used for lighting, heating, and cooling, and calculating the carbon emission and oxygen consumption in the building use stage; S34: Remote sensing and GIS-assisted estimation, using remote sensing satellite images to obtain the land use types and vegetation coverage of the city, and calculating the carbon sequestration amount and released oxygen amount in combination with GIS technology; S4: Result display and report, and the S4: Result display and report includes: S41: Visualization display unit, which displays the carbon emissions and oxygen consumption of different urban areas in a bar chart, the proportion of different energy sources in carbon emissions and oxygen consumption in a pie chart, and the changing trend of the carbon-oxygen balance index over time in a line chart: S42: Report generation unit, and the generated report includes the overall situation of urban carbon emissions and oxygen consumption, the analysis of the main sources, the assessment of the carbon-oxygen balance, and relevant suggestions; As a further preference of this technical solution: The overall situation of carbon emissions and oxygen consumption includes the annual total carbon emissions and total oxygen consumption; As a further preference of this technical solution: The main sources include the percentages of coal, oil, and natural gas energy consumption in carbon emissions respectively; As a further preference of this technical solution: The assessment of the carbon-oxygen balance includes whether the carbon balance coefficient and oxygen balance coefficient reach the equilibrium state.

[0005] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. By comprehensively considering the roles of human activities and the ecosystem in the city, and using multi-source data for refined estimation, the present invention can more accurately reflect the actual situation of urban carbon emissions and oxygen consumption. The system can monitor the changes in urban carbon emissions and oxygen consumption in real time, provide dynamic data support for urban managers, and timely adjust carbon emission reduction strategies.

[0006] 2. The present invention fully considers the carbon sequestration and oxygen release capabilities of urban ecosystems such as forests, grasslands, and wetlands, which helps to better protect and utilize urban ecological resources and improve the urban ecological service function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an estimation system and an estimation method for urban carbon emissions and oxygen consumption of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the flow of an estimation system for urban carbon emissions and oxygen consumption of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 3 It is the flow of an estimation system for urban carbon emissions and oxygen consumption of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 4 It is the flow of an estimation method for urban carbon emissions and oxygen consumption of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 5 It is the flow of an estimation system for urban carbon emissions and oxygen consumption of the present invention Figure 2 。 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0009] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1 - 3 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: The estimation system includes: S1: Data collection. S1: Data collection includes: S11: Energy consumption data module. Obtain the consumption data of various types of energy from the urban energy supply department, and through the data interface with the urban power company, obtain the electricity consumption of each region monthly in real time. At the same time, obtain the supply data of natural gas from the gas company; for energy such as coal and oil, count the consumption of industrial coal, residential coal, and various oil products in the city. S12: Population data module. Cooperate with the urban statistics bureau to obtain the population quantity, population structure, and employment distribution information of the city, and obtain the population density data of each district and county. S13: Economic industry data module. Collect the economic scale, industrial output value, and service industry turnover of different industries in the city, count the output, output value, etc. of each industrial enterprise, and at the same time understand the industrial structure and distinguish the proportion of high-energy-consuming industries and low-energy-consuming industries. S14: Land use and ecological data module. Use satellite remote sensing and geographic information system technologies to obtain the urban land use types, including the areas of construction land, agricultural land, forest land, and water areas. S15: Meteorological and environmental data module. Obtain and collect the meteorological data of the city, temperature, precipitation, wind speed, wind direction, from the monitoring stations of the meteorological department, and record them in units of hours or days. S2: Data processing and analysis. S2: Data processing and collection include: S21: Data cleaning and preprocessing. Clean the various types of data collected, and remove outliers and missing values. S22: Calculation of carbon emissions and oxygen consumption from energy consumption. Calculate the carbon emissions generated by coal energy consumption in the city according to the carbon emission coefficients and oxygen consumption coefficients of various types of energy. S23: Calculation of carbon emissions and oxygen consumption from industrial activities. Calculate the oxygen consumption generated by residents' living based on the population data and the per capita oxygen consumption standard, and estimate the carbon emissions of each industrial activity according to the economic activity characteristics of different industries and the corresponding emission factors. Consider the oxygen consumption in industrial activities and calculate it by multiplying the industrial activity intensity by the corresponding oxygen consumption coefficient. S24: Calculation of carbon sequestration and oxygen release in the ecosystem. Using data such as the area of ecological land, vegetation types, and biomass, and combining with the corresponding carbon sequestration and oxygen release coefficients, calculate the amount of carbon sequestered and oxygen released by the ecosystem; S25: Carbon-oxygen balance analysis. Compare and analyze the calculated carbon emission and oxygen consumption in the city and the carbon sequestration and oxygen release amounts of the ecosystem, and calculate the carbon-oxygen balance index; In this embodiment, specifically: various types of energy include coal, petroleum, natural gas, and electricity. These data are accurate to cubic meters. The consumption of coal and oil products is obtained from the sales records of relevant energy enterprises. The population structure includes age and gender. High-energy-consuming industries include iron and steel and chemical industries. Low-energy-consuming industries include electronic information. The meteorological and environmental data module collects PM2.5 and carbon dioxide concentrations. Outliers refer to energy consumption data that significantly exceeds the normal range. For missing electricity consumption data in a certain area on a certain day, it can be estimated by interpolation method; In this embodiment, specifically: the carbon emission calculation formula is: = , where is the coal consumption, is the carbon emission coefficient, with the unit of ton; the oxygen consumption calculation formula is: = , where is the coal consumption, is the oxygen consumption; In this embodiment, specifically: the oxygen consumption calculation formula generated by residents' living is: = , where P is the urban population quantity, is the oxygen consumption per person per year, with the unit of kilogram; In this embodiment, specifically: the carbon sequestration amount calculation formula generated by the ecosystem is: = , where is the forest area, with the unit of hectare, is the carbon sequestration coefficient of the forest, the production amount per hectare per year, with the unit of kilogram. The oxygen release amount calculation formula of the ecosystem is: = , where is the oxygen release coefficient, the oxygen release amount per hectare per year, with the unit of kilogram; In this embodiment, specifically: the carbon balance coefficient calculation formula is: = , where is the total urban carbon emission. The oxygen balance coefficient calculation formula is: = , where is the total urban oxygen consumption; Embodiment Two: Please refer to Figures 3 - 5 as shown in the figure. The present invention provides a technical solution: The estimation method includes: S3: Data estimation method, and S3: The data estimation method includes: S31: Estimate based on emission factors, determine emission sources including fossil fuel combustion, industrial production processes, and transportation, collect emission factors, and calculate emissions and oxygen consumption; S32: Estimate based on the carbon-oxygen balance model. Build a carbon-oxygen balance model according to the carbon-oxygen budget balance of urban ecosystems and human social and economic activities, estimate the carbon sequestration and oxygen release of the ecosystem, and at the same time estimate the carbon emission and oxygen consumption of social and economic activities based on the oxygen consumption of residents' lives; S33: Estimate based on life cycle assessment. Taking a building as an example, the research scope covers the entire life cycle from the production, transportation, construction, use stage to the demolition of the building materials. In the production stage of building materials, the decomposition of carbonates in the cement production process will generate carbon dioxide. In the use stage, the energy consumption of the building is mainly electricity and natural gas, which are used for lighting, heating and cooling, and calculate the carbon emissions and oxygen consumption in the use stage of the building; S34: Remote sensing and GIS-assisted estimation. Use remote sensing satellite images to obtain the land use types and vegetation coverage of the city, and combine GIS technology to calculate the carbon sequestration and the amount of oxygen released; S4: Result display and report, and S4: The result display and report include: S41: Visual display unit. Display the carbon emissions and oxygen consumption in different regions of the city with bar charts, display the proportion of different energy sources in carbon emissions and oxygen consumption with pie charts, and display the changing trend of carbon-oxygen balance indicators over time with line charts: S42: Report generation unit. The generated report includes the overall situation of the city's carbon emission and oxygen consumption, the analysis of the main sources, the carbon-oxygen balance assessment, and relevant suggestions; In this embodiment, specifically: The overall situation of carbon emission and oxygen consumption includes the annual total carbon emissions and total oxygen consumption; In this embodiment, specifically: The main sources include the percentages of coal, oil, and natural gas energy consumption in carbon emissions respectively; In this embodiment, specifically: The carbon-oxygen balance assessment includes whether the carbon balance coefficient and oxygen balance coefficient reach the equilibrium state.

[0010] Working principle or structural principle: The urban carbon emission and oxygen consumption estimation system obtains data on urban energy consumption, population, economic industries, land use and ecology, meteorology and environment, etc. in real time through a multi-source data acquisition module. After being processed by the data cleaning and preprocessing unit, these data are sent to the data processing and analysis subsystem. In this subsystem, the carbon emission and oxygen consumption calculation unit for energy consumption calculates the carbon emissions and oxygen consumption generated by energy consumption according to the carbon emission coefficient and oxygen consumption coefficient of various energy sources; the oxygen consumption calculation unit for population living calculates the oxygen consumption of residents' living based on population data and per capita oxygen consumption standards; the carbon emission and oxygen consumption calculation unit for industrial activities estimates the carbon emissions and oxygen consumption of various industrial activities; the carbon sequestration and oxygen release calculation unit for the ecosystem calculates the carbon sequestration and oxygen release amounts of the ecosystem by using data such as ecological land area, vegetation type and biomass, in combination with the carbon sequestration and oxygen release coefficient; the carbon-oxygen balance analysis unit then conducts a comparative analysis of the above calculation results and calculates the carbon-oxygen balance index. Finally, the result display and reporting subsystem presents the estimation results in the form of visual charts and detailed reports, providing a scientific basis for urban managers and decision-makers and assisting in urban carbon emission reduction and ecological environment optimization.

[0011] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An estimation system for the carbon emission and oxygen consumption in a city, characterized in that: The estimation system includes: S1: Data collection. The S1: Data collection includes: S11: Energy consumption data module. Obtain the consumption data of various types of energy from the urban energy supply department. Through the data interface with the urban power company, obtain the electricity consumption of each region monthly in real time. At the same time, obtain the supply data of natural gas from the gas company. For energy such as coal and oil, count the consumption of industrial coal, residential coal, and various oil products in the city. S12: Population data module. Cooperate with the urban statistics bureau to obtain the urban population quantity, population structure, and employment distribution information, and obtain the population density data of each district and county. S13: Economic industry data module. Collect the economic scale, industrial output value, and service industry turnover of different industries in the city. Count the output, output value, etc. of each industrial enterprise. At the same time, understand the industrial structure and distinguish the proportion of high-energy-consuming industries and low-energy-consuming industries. S14: Land use and ecological data module. Use satellite remote sensing and geographic information system technology to obtain the urban land use types, including the areas of construction land, agricultural land, forest land, and water areas. S15: Meteorological and environmental data module. Obtain and collect the meteorological data of the city, temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and wind direction, from the monitoring stations of the meteorological department, and record them in units of hours or days. S2: Data processing and analysis. The S2: Data processing and collection includes: S21: Data cleaning and preprocessing. Clean the various types of data collected, and remove outliers and missing values. S22: Calculation of carbon emission and oxygen consumption from energy consumption. Calculate the carbon emissions generated by coal energy consumption in the city according to the carbon emission coefficient and oxygen consumption coefficient of various types of energy. S23: Calculation of carbon emission and oxygen consumption from industrial activities. Calculate the oxygen consumption generated by residents' lives based on the population data and the per capita oxygen consumption standard. Estimate the carbon emissions of each industrial activity according to the economic activity characteristics of different industries and the corresponding emission factors. Consider the oxygen consumption in industrial activities and calculate it by multiplying the industrial activity intensity by the corresponding oxygen consumption coefficient. S24: Calculation of carbon sequestration and oxygen release by the ecosystem. Use data such as ecological land area, vegetation type, and biomass, and combine the corresponding carbon sequestration and oxygen release coefficients to calculate the carbon sequestration amount and oxygen release amount generated by the ecosystem. S25: Carbon-oxygen balance analysis. Compare and analyze the calculated carbon emission and oxygen consumption of the city and the carbon sequestration and oxygen release amounts of the ecosystem, and calculate the carbon-oxygen balance index.

2. The estimation system for urban carbon emission oxygen consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that: Various types of energy include coal, oil, natural gas, and electricity. These data are accurate to cubic meters. The consumption of coal and oil products is obtained from the sales records of relevant energy enterprises. The population structure includes age and gender. High-energy-consuming industries include iron and steel and chemical industries. Low-energy-consuming industries include electronic information. The meteorological and environmental data module collects PM2.5 and carbon dioxide concentrations. Outliers refer to energy consumption data that significantly exceeds the normal range. For the missing electricity consumption data of a certain day and a certain region, it can be estimated by interpolation method.

3. The estimation system for urban carbon emission oxygen consumption according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbon emission calculation formula is: = where is the coal consumption, is the carbon emission coefficient, with the unit of tons; The calculation formula for oxygen consumption is: = where is the coal consumption, is the oxygen consumption.

4. The estimation system for urban carbon emission oxygen consumption according to claim 3, wherein: The calculation formula for the oxygen consumption generated by residents' living is as follows: = , where P is the urban population, is the oxygen consumption per person per year, with the unit of kilogram.

5. The estimation system for urban carbon emission oxygen consumption according to claim 4, wherein: The calculation formula for the carbon sequestration amount produced by the ecosystem is: = , where is the forest area, with the unit of hectare, is the carbon sequestration coefficient of the forest, the production amount per hectare per year, with the unit of kilogram. The calculation formula for the oxygen release amount of the ecosystem is: = , where is the oxygen release coefficient, the oxygen release amount per hectare per year, with the unit of kilogram.

6. The estimation system for urban carbon emission oxygen consumption according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the carbon balance coefficient is: = , where is the total carbon emissions of the city. The calculation formula for the oxygen balance coefficient is: = , where is the total oxygen consumption of the city.

7. The estimation method of any one of the urban carbon emission and oxygen consumption estimation systems according to claims 1-6, characterized in that: The estimation method includes: S3: Data estimation method. The S3: Data estimation method includes: S31: Based on emission factor estimation, identify emission sources including fossil fuel combustion, industrial production processes, and transportation, collect emission factors, and calculate emissions and oxygen consumption; S32: Based on carbon-oxygen balance model estimation, construct a carbon-oxygen balance model according to the carbon-oxygen budget balance of urban ecosystems and human social and economic activities, estimate the carbon sequestration and oxygen release of ecosystems, and at the same time estimate the carbon emissions and oxygen consumption of social and economic activities based on the oxygen consumption of residents' lives; S33: Based on life cycle assessment estimation, taking a building as an example, the research scope covers the entire life cycle from the production, transportation, construction, use stage to the demolition of building materials. In the production stage of building materials, the decomposition of carbonates in the cement production process will generate carbon dioxide. In the use stage, the energy consumption of the building is mainly electricity and natural gas for lighting, heating and cooling, and calculate the carbon emissions and oxygen consumption in the use stage of the building; S34: Remote sensing and GIS-assisted estimation, use remote sensing satellite images to obtain the land use types and vegetation coverage of the city, and calculate the carbon sequestration and oxygen release amounts in combination with GIS technology; S4: Result display and report, where S4: Result display and report includes: S41: Visualization display unit, display the carbon emissions and oxygen consumption in different regions of the city with a bar chart, display the proportion of different energy sources in carbon emissions and oxygen consumption with a pie chart, and display the change trend of carbon-oxygen balance indicators over time with a line chart: S42: Report generation unit, the generated report includes the overall situation of the city's carbon emissions and oxygen consumption, main source analysis, carbon-oxygen balance assessment, and relevant suggestions.

8. The estimation method of an urban carbon emission and oxygen consumption estimation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The overall situation of carbon emissions and oxygen consumption includes the annual total carbon emissions and total oxygen consumption.

9. The estimation method of an urban carbon emission and oxygen consumption estimation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The main sources include the percentages of carbon emissions accounted for by coal, oil, and natural gas energy consumption respectively.

10. The estimation method of an urban carbon emission and oxygen consumption estimation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The carbon-oxygen balance assessment includes whether the carbon balance coefficient and oxygen balance coefficient reach the equilibrium state.

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