Electric power spot value analysis method considering peak regulation cost and new energy consumption
By constructing a power generation alternative model and value analysis method, deep peak shaving of thermal power units is activated, the problem of insufficient consumption of new energy is solved, the reasonable sharing of the composition costs of new energy and thermal power is achieved, and the allocation and operational economy of power system resources are optimized.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510436910.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
AI Technical Summary
The existing technology cannot effectively reflect the value-added effect brought about by the consumption of new energy and the peak shaving cost of thermal power units, resulting in contradictions and mismatch between new energy and thermal power units, affecting the resource allocation and operational economy of the power system.
Build a power generation alternative model between new energy and thermal power units, activate the deep peak shaking capacity of thermal power units, adjust the power generation plan to improve the proportion of new energy grid connection, and use value analysis methods to quantitatively calculate and reasonably share the peak shaking cost.
It effectively improves the consumption rate of new energy, optimizes the allocation of power system resources, achieves a reasonable matching of benefits and costs between new energy and thermal power units, and enhances the operational economy and flexibility of the power system.
Smart Images
Figure CN120373728A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical engineering, and in particular, to a method for analyzing the value of electricity spot considering peak shaving cost and new energy consumption. Background Art
[0002] With the continuous advancement of global energy transformation and carbon emission reduction goals, the installed capacity and power generation proportion of new energy sources such as wind energy and solar energy in the power system have increased rapidly. However, new energy power generation has characteristics of volatility, intermittency, and uncertainty, resulting in insufficient consumption or power curtailment during actual grid connection operation, thus affecting the full utilization of new energy resources.
[0003] To ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system, traditional thermal power units usually need to undertake the system peak shaving task. However, with the continuous increase in the proportion of new energy grid connection, thermal power units need to perform deep peak shaving to cooperate with new energy power generation, resulting in a significant increase in their peak shaving costs, and there are certain limitations in the peak shaving capacity of thermal power units in some cases. In the existing technology, most methods use price signals or market-based dispatching mechanisms to regulate new energy consumption and thermal power unit peak shaving, but these methods may not fully reflect the value-added effect brought by new energy consumption and the true cost generated by thermal power unit peak shaving during actual operation, leading to contradictions and mismatches between the two.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new technology to quantitatively evaluate the value-added effect generated by new energy consumption and the cost incurred during the peak shaving process of thermal power units through value analysis means, and to achieve reasonable allocation and matching between the two, so as to optimize the power system resource allocation and improve the overall operation economy and flexibility. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a method for analyzing the value of electricity spot considering peak shaving cost and new energy consumption for the electricity spot market with the participation of new energy, combined with the deep peak shaving of thermal power units, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the new energy consumption level and compensating the peak shaving cost of thermal power units.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for analyzing the value of electricity spot considering peak shaving cost and new energy consumption, comprising the following steps:
[0007] (1) Pre-clearing: Construct an electricity spot market clearing model in which new energy and thermal power units participate in the market by reporting quantity and price. Each unit declares all its electricity, participates in the same-stage bidding, and is cleared uniformly; thermal power units need to declare the unit start-stop cost, minimum continuous operation or shutdown time, and output price curve; new energy units need to declare the output price curve;
[0008] (2) Power generation substitution: Establish a power generation substitution model between new energy and thermal power units. When the consumption of new energy is insufficient, activate the deep peak shaving capacity of thermal power units and adjust the power generation plan of thermal power units to increase the grid connection volume of new energy.
[0009] (3) Cost calculation: Based on the actual power generation data and peak shaving service capabilities of each power generation unit at different times, use the value analysis method to quantitatively calculate the costs generated by thermal power units during peak shaving.
[0010] (4) Cost sharing: According to the pre-set cost sharing rules, reasonably allocate the peak shaving costs of thermal power units calculated in step (3) to the corresponding new energy units, so as to achieve a reasonable matching between the value-added of new energy consumption and the peak shaving costs of thermal power units.
[0011] Furthermore, the pre-clearing in step (1) is specifically as follows. Considering the system load balance constraint, system reserve constraint, unit output constraint, unit ramp rate constraint, unit minimum start-stop time constraint, and line power flow constraint in the power market clearing, the model objective is to minimize the total power purchase cost of the market, including the power energy costs of thermal power units and new energy units in the energy market, the start-stop costs of thermal power units, and the penalty costs caused by the curtailment of wind and solar power of new energy.
[0012] Furthermore, the objective function of maximizing economic benefits in step (1) has the following mathematical expression:
[0013]
[0014] Among them, N G and N W are the numbers of thermal power units and new energy units respectively, and are the power purchase cost and start-stop cost of the thermal power unit at time t, is the power purchase cost of the new energy unit at time t, T is the total number of time periods, is the penalty cost caused by the curtailment of wind and solar power of new energy.
[0015] Furthermore, the constraint conditions that need to be satisfied for the pre-clearing of the power market in step (1) are as follows:
[0016] System load balance constraint
[0017]
[0018] Among them, N G and N W are the numbers of thermal power units and new energy units respectively, and They are the grid-connected powers of thermal power unit i and new energy unit j at time period t, respectively, and D t is the system load at time period t;
[0019] System reserve constraint
[0020]
[0021] Among them, P i G,max and P i G,min are the maximum and minimum output powers of thermal power unit i, and u i,t is the start-stop state of unit i at time period t, and ε is the reserve rate that the system needs to meet;
[0022] Unit output constraint
[0023]
[0024] Among them, and are the maximum and minimum output powers of new energy unit j at time period t;
[0025] Unit ramp rate constraint
[0026]
[0027] Among them, R i and are the lower and upper limit values of the ramp rate of thermal power unit i, respectively;
[0028] Unit minimum start-stop time constraint
[0029]
[0030] Among them, T i on and T i off are the minimum continuous operation duration and the minimum continuous shutdown duration of thermal power unit i, respectively;
[0031] Line power flow constraint
[0032]
[0033] Among them, P l max is the line power flow transfer limit, G l,i 、G l,j 、G l,s are the generator output power transfer distribution factors of thermal power unit i, new energy unit j, and the load at node s to line l, S is the number of system nodes, Ds,t is the bus load value of node s at time period t.
[0034] Further, the power generation substitution model between the new energy and thermal power units includes: when the consumption of new energy is insufficient, determining the deep peak shaving capacity of the thermal power units and their adjustable output range, and optimizing the power generation plan of the thermal power units on this basis; for the power generation substitution model in step (2), the objective function expression for maximizing economic benefits is as follows:
[0035]
[0036] where N G and N W are the numbers of thermal power units and new energy units respectively, and are the power purchase cost and the start-stop cost of the thermal power unit at time period t, is the power purchase cost of the new energy unit at time period t, T is the total number of time periods, is the penalty cost caused by abandoning wind and light of new energy, C S is the total peak shaving cost of the thermal power unit.
[0037] Further, the new constraints added to the power generation substitution model between the new energy and thermal power units in step (2) are expressed as follows:
[0038]
[0039] where U t is the situation of abandoning wind and light of new energy at time period t, and η i is the peak shaving depth of the thermal power unit.
[0040] Further, the calculation of the peak shaving cost of the thermal power unit in step (3) includes: calculating the total cost incurred by the thermal power unit for providing peak shaving services based on the output volume of the peak shaving services provided by the thermal power unit in each time period and the corresponding compensation price, and its mathematical expression is as follows:
[0041]
[0042] where K is the number of segments of the peak shaving depth of the thermal power unit, and λ i,k is the peak shaving service cost of the k-th segment of thermal power unit i, is the winning bid peak shaving power of thermal power unit i in the k-th peak shaving interval at time period t, and Δt is the time length of this clearing period.
[0043] Further, step (4) includes:
[0044] A calculation method using the waveform similarity between new energy output and system load to evaluate the value-added effect generated by new energy accommodation, and its mathematical expression is as follows:
[0045]
[0046] Among them, cos(θ j ) is the cosine similarity between the output curve of the new energy unit and the system load curve;
[0047] According to the newly added grid-connected capacity of each new energy unit and the similarity between its output curve and the system load curve, determine the sharing ratio of the peak shaving cost that each new energy unit should bear, and its mathematical expression is as follows:
[0048] η j =αS j +βcos(θ j )
[0049] α + β=1
[0050] Among them, η j is the sharing ratio of the peak shaving cost that the new energy unit j should bear, S j is the ratio of the newly added grid-connected capacity of the new energy unit to the total newly added grid-connected capacity of the new energy, and α and β are the weights corresponding to the two indicators respectively.
[0051] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0052] 1. By constructing a power generation substitution model between new energy and thermal power units, when new energy is curbed or the accommodation is insufficient, the deep peak shaving capacity of thermal power units is activated to increase the grid-connected amount of new energy, thus effectively alleviating the problem of insufficient new energy accommodation.
[0053] 2. Using the value analysis method to quantitatively evaluate the value-added effect of new energy accommodation and the cost generated during the peak shaving process of thermal power units, so that the benefits and costs between the two are reasonably matched, providing a scientific economic evaluation basis for system operation.
[0054] 3. Adopting a preset cost sharing rule to reasonably allocate the peak shaving cost of thermal power units to the corresponding new energy units, not only optimizing the power system resource allocation, but also effectively balancing the economic interests among the power generation units.
[0055] 4. Compared with the traditional methods relying on price signals or market dispatching mechanisms, the value analysis method adopted by the present invention pays more attention to quantitative evaluation and reasonable cost sharing, and has higher applicability and promotion value. Description of the Drawings
[0056] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
[0057] Figure 1 It is a framework diagram of the power spot value analysis method of the present invention considering the new energy consumption level and the peaking cost of thermal power units. Specific implementation manners
[0058] The following combines the accompanying drawings to elaborate on the present invention. Without conflict, the features in the following embodiments and implementation manners can be combined with each other.
[0059] A power spot value analysis method of the present invention considering peaking cost and new energy consumption includes the following steps:
[0060] (1) Pre-clearing: Construct a power spot market clearing model in which new energy and thermal power units participate in the market by reporting quantities and prices. Each unit declares all its electricity, participates in the same-stage bidding, and is cleared uniformly; thermal power units need to declare the unit start-stop costs, minimum continuous operation or shutdown time, and output price curves; new energy units need to declare output price curves.
[0061] (2) Generation substitution: Construct a generation substitution model between new energy and thermal power units. When the consumption of wind and solar new energy is insufficient (such as due to power curtailment or other reasons), by activating the deep peaking capacity of thermal power units, adjust the generation plan of thermal power units to increase the grid connection volume of new energy.
[0062] (3) Cost calculation: Based on the actual generation data and peaking service capabilities of each generation unit at different times, use the value analysis method to quantitatively calculate the costs generated by thermal power units during the peaking process.
[0063] (4) Cost sharing: According to the pre-set cost sharing rules, reasonably allocate the peaking costs of thermal power units calculated in step (3) to the corresponding new energy units, so as to achieve a reasonable match between the value-added of new energy consumption and the peaking costs of thermal power units.
[0064] Such as Figure 1 It is a framework diagram of a power spot value analysis method of the present invention considering peaking cost and new energy consumption provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The value analysis method includes the following steps:
[0065] (1)Collect the basic data required for the operation of the acquisition system on the same day, including load forecast data at different times, predicted output data of new energy units such as wind power and photovoltaic power, operating characteristic parameters of thermal power units such as maximum / minimum output, ramp rate, start-stop constraints, segmented price quotation information of thermal power units and new energy units, peak shaving depth of thermal power units and corresponding cost curves, etc. According to the above data, construct a power spot value analysis model considering the joint participation of new energy and thermal power units, and preliminarily determine the output allocation range of each unit at different times, as well as the peak shaving capacity that thermal power units may provide.
[0066] (2)In the value analysis model, according to the load forecast and unit price quotation, first perform a preliminary output allocation for each unit. With the maximization of economic benefits as the goal and system load balance constraints, system reserve constraints, unit output constraints, unit ramp constraints, unit minimum start-stop time constraints, and line power flow constraints as the constraint conditions, perform a pre-clearing for each unit.
[0067] The objective function for maximizing the economic benefits is:
[0068]
[0069] Among them, N G and N W are the numbers of thermal power units and new energy units respectively, and are the power purchase cost and start-stop cost of the thermal power unit at time t, is the power purchase cost of the new energy unit at time t, T is the total number of time periods, is the penalty cost generated by new energy curtailment.
[0070] Among them, the constraint conditions that need to be satisfied for the pre-clearing of the power market in this step are as follows:
[0071] The system load balance constraint is as follows:
[0072]
[0073] Among them, and are the on-grid powers of thermal power unit i and new energy unit j at time t respectively, and D t is the system load size at time t.
[0074] The system reserve constraint is as follows:
[0075]
[0076] Among them, P i G,max and P i G,minare the maximum and minimum output powers of thermal power unit \(i\), \(u\) i,t is the start-stop status of unit \(i\) at time period \(t\), and \(\varepsilon\) is the reserve rate that the system needs to meet.
[0077] The output constraints of the unit are as follows:
[0078]
[0079] Among them, and are the maximum and minimum output powers of new energy unit \(j\) at time period \(t\);
[0080] The ramp constraints of the unit are as follows:
[0081]
[0082] Among them, \(R\) i and are the lower and upper limit values of the ramp rate of thermal power unit \(i\) respectively.
[0083] The minimum start-stop time constraints of the unit are as follows:
[0084]
[0085] Among them, \(T\) i on and \(T\) i off are the minimum continuous operation duration and the minimum continuous shutdown duration of thermal power unit \(i\) respectively.
[0086] The line power flow constraints are as follows:
[0087]
[0088] Among them, \(P\) l max is the line power flow transmission limit, \(G\) l,i , \(G\) l,j , \(G\) l,s are the generator output power transfer distribution factors of thermal power unit \(i\), new energy unit \(j\), and the load at node \(s\) to line \(l\), \(S\) is the number of system nodes, and \(D\) s,t is the bus load value of node \(s\) at time period \(t\).
[0089] If there is no wind and light curtailment phenomenon, the clearing result is released and step (4) is entered; if there is a wind and light curtailment phenomenon, step (3) is entered.
[0090] (3) According to the pre-clearing results in step (2), count whether the new energy output in each period is fully utilized. For the periods with the phenomenon of "wind and light curtailment", further explore the deep peak shaving capacity of thermal power units, allow thermal power units to operate in the deep peak shaving interval below their minimum technical limit, so that thermal power units can free up more power generation space, record the output difference of thermal power units before and after peak shaving, and use it for the subsequent calculation of peak shaving costs. Re-perform the supply-demand balance check to confirm that the system security and economy meet the requirements.
[0091] (4) Conduct value analysis and cost sharing in this step:
[0092] First is the peak shaving cost calculation. According to the actual output curve of the thermal power unit during deep peak shaving and its corresponding piecewise cost function, use the value analysis method to quantitatively evaluate the additional peak shaving costs generated by the thermal power unit. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
[0093]
[0094] Among them, K is the number of segments of the peak shaving depth of the thermal power unit, and λ i,k is the peak shaving service cost of the k-th segment of the thermal power unit i, is the winning bid peak shaving power of the k-th segment of the thermal power unit i in the time period t.
[0095] Secondly is the new energy value-added evaluation. Count the new energy grid-connected power increased due to the activation of deep peak shaving, calculate the value-added benefits brought by this part of the newly grid-connected new energy, and according to the cost sharing rule, combine the newly increased grid-connected power of each new energy unit in this time period and the similarity between its output curve and the load curve, and calculate the peak shaving cost share that each new energy unit needs to bear.
[0096] Use the calculation method of the waveform similarity between the new energy output and the system load to evaluate the value-added effect generated by new energy consumption. Its mathematical expression is as follows:
[0097]
[0098] Among them, cos(θ j ) is the cosine similarity between the output curve of the new energy unit and the system load curve. The closer the result is to 1, the more similar the two are.
[0099] According to the newly increased grid-connected capacity of each new energy unit and the similarity between its output curve and the system load curve, determine the peak shaving cost sharing ratio that each new energy unit should bear. Its mathematical expression is as follows:
[0100] η j =αS j +βcos(θ j )
[0101] α + β = 1
[0102] Among them, η j is the peaking cost sharing ratio that the new energy unit j should bear, S j is the ratio of the newly connected capacity of the new energy unit j to the total newly connected capacity of the new energy, and α and β are the weights corresponding to the two indicators respectively.
[0103] Summarize the final output arrangements of each unit, the peaking capacity and its cost of thermal power units, the grid-connected power of new energy units, and the peaking cost share to be borne, etc., to provide a decision-making reference for power spot dispatching.
[0104] The present invention proposes a method for analyzing the power spot value considering peaking cost and new energy consumption, which can achieve the purpose of improving the new energy consumption level and compensating the peaking cost of thermal power units.
[0105] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0106] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the design concept and characteristics of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the principles and design ideas disclosed by the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for analyzing the value of electricity spot considering peak shaving cost and new energy consumption, characterized in that It includes the following steps: (1) Pre-clearing: Construct a power spot market clearing model in which new energy and thermal power units participate in the market by reporting quantities and prices. Each unit declares its full power output, competes on the same stage, and is cleared uniformly. Thermal power units need to declare unit start-stop costs, minimum continuous operation or shutdown time, and output price curves. New energy units need to declare output price curves. (2) Generation substitution: Construct a generation substitution model between new energy and thermal power units. When the consumption of new energy is insufficient, by activating the deep peak shaving capacity of thermal power units, adjust the power generation plan of thermal power units to increase the grid connection volume of new energy. (3) Cost calculation: Based on the actual power generation data and peak shaving service capabilities of each power generation unit at different times, use the value analysis method to quantitatively calculate the costs generated by thermal power units during peak shaving. (4) Cost sharing: According to the pre-set cost sharing rules, reasonably allocate the peak shaving costs of thermal power units calculated in step (3) to the corresponding new energy units, so as to achieve a reasonable match between the value added of new energy consumption and the peak shaving costs of thermal power units.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein In the pre-clearing in step (1), specifically, comprehensively considering the system load balance constraint, system reserve constraint, unit output constraint, unit ramp rate constraint, unit minimum start-stop time constraint, and line power flow constraint in power market clearing, the model objective is to minimize the total power purchase cost of the market, including the electricity costs of thermal power units and new energy units in the electricity energy market, the start-stop costs of thermal power units, and the penalty costs caused by the abandonment of wind and light of new energy.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The objective function for maximizing economic benefits in step (1) has the following mathematical expression: Among them, N G and N W are the numbers of thermal power units and new energy units respectively, and are the electricity purchase cost and start-stop cost of thermal power units at time t, is the electricity purchase cost of new energy units at time t, and T is the total number of time periods, is the penalty cost caused by curtailment of wind and solar power of new energy.
4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The constraint conditions that need to be satisfied for power market pre-clearing in step (1) are as follows: System load balance constraint Among them, N G and N W are the numbers of thermal power units and new energy units respectively, and are the grid-connected powers of thermal power unit i and new energy unit j at time t respectively, and D t is the system load magnitude at time t; System reserve constraint Among them, P i G,max and P i G,min are the maximum output power and minimum output power of thermal power unit i, u i,t is the start-stop status of unit i at time period t, and ε is the size of the reserve rate that the system needs to meet; Unit output constraint Among them, and are the maximum output power and minimum output power of the new energy unit j at time t; Unit ramp rate constraint Among them, R i and are respectively the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the ramp rate of thermal power unit i; Unit minimum start-stop time constraint Among them, T i on and T i off are the minimum continuous operation duration and the minimum continuous outage duration of thermal power unit i, respectively; Line power flow constraint Among them, P l max is the transmission limit of line power flow, G l,i , G l,j , G l,s are the generator output power transfer distribution factors of thermal power unit i, new energy unit j, and load at node s to line l. S is the number of system nodes, and D s,t is the bus load value of node s at time t.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The generation substitution model between new energy and thermal power units includes: when the consumption of new energy is insufficient, determine the deep peak shaving capacity of thermal power units and their adjustable output range, and optimize the power generation plan of thermal power units on this basis. The objective function expression for maximizing economic benefits in the generation substitution model in step (2) is as follows: Among them, N G and N W are the numbers of thermal power units and new energy units respectively, and are the power purchase cost and start-stop cost of thermal power units at time t, is the power purchase cost of new energy units at time t, T is the total number of time periods, is the penalty cost caused by abandoning wind and light of new energy, C S is the total peak regulation cost of thermal power units.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The new constraints in the generation substitution model between new energy and thermal power units in step (2) have the following expression: Among them, U t represents the curtailment of new energy during period t, and η i represents the peak shaving depth of thermal power units.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein The calculation of the peak shaving cost of thermal power units in step (3) includes: based on the peak shaving service output volume provided by thermal power units at each time period and the corresponding compensation price, calculate the total cost incurred by thermal power units for providing peak shaving services. Its mathematical expression is as follows: Among them, K is the number of segments for the peak shaving depth of thermal power units, and λ i,k is the peak shaving service cost of the k-th segment of thermal power unit i, is the winning peak shaving power of the k-th peak shaving interval of thermal power unit i at time t, and Δt is the time length of this clearing period.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Step (4) includes: Using the calculation method of the waveform similarity between new energy output and system load to evaluate the value-added effect generated by new energy consumption. Its mathematical expression is as follows: Among them, cos(θ j ) is the cosine similarity between the output curve of the new energy unit and the system load curve; According to the newly added grid connection capacity of each new energy unit and the similarity between its output curve and the system load curve, determine the peak shaving cost sharing ratio that each new energy unit should bear. Its mathematical expression is as follows: η j = αS j + βcos(θ j ) α+β＝1 Among them, η j is the peak shaving cost sharing ratio that the new energy unit j should bear, S j is the proportion of the newly connected grid capacity of the new energy unit in the total newly connected grid capacity of the new energy, and α and β are the weights corresponding to the two indicators respectively.