Vehicle equipment sharing receiving system and method based on Bluetooth technology

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of Bluetooth technology, and specifically relates to a vehicle equipment sharing and receiving system and method based on Bluetooth technology. The system captures the strength characteristics and multipath reflection characteristics of the Bluetooth handshake signal between the user terminal and the vehicle terminal when the unlocking is triggered for the first time, deeply analyzes the superposition effect of the metal penetration loss of the vehicle body and the metal reflection inside the vehicle, so as to quantify the attenuation degree of the vehicle metal environment on the Bluetooth signal, judge the execution requirements of the Bluetooth signal link enhancement operation and perform corresponding link compensation, and then perform state perception and congestion feature classification on the entire Bluetooth communication channel space. According to the channel congestion feature type, an exclusive communication window is allocated for the two-way authentication between the user terminal and the vehicle terminal, and the user terminal and the vehicle terminal are required to perform encrypted two-way authentication in the exclusive communication window, so as to ensure the stability and efficiency of the two-way authentication process between the user terminal and the vehicle terminal, thereby greatly improving the reliability of vehicle unlocking based on Bluetooth communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of Bluetooth technology, and specifically relates to a vehicle equipment sharing and receiving system and method based on Bluetooth technology. Background Art

[0002] The vehicle device sharing system leverages Bluetooth's low-power, short-range communication capabilities to enable remote access and shared permissions for in-vehicle infotainment, diagnostic interfaces, door lock controls, and powertrain systems. This system is particularly well-suited for interaction between user devices, such as mobile phones and keys, and in-vehicle devices. Bluetooth pairing enables functions such as vehicle unlocking, engine start, and digital key sharing. However, given the stability and security of Bluetooth communication directly impact the user experience, a well-designed Bluetooth interaction mechanism is crucial for enhancing the practicality and security of the entire system.

[0003] In the prior art, there are also some solutions related to vehicle unlocking based on Bluetooth communication. For example, China Patent Publication No. CN113068160B describes a vehicle unlocking method, terminal and storage medium. It establishes a communication connection between the first Bluetooth module of the terminal and the second Bluetooth module of the vehicle, detects the received signal strength indicator RSSI value of the first Bluetooth module and the second Bluetooth module, and compares it with the unlocking threshold. If the threshold is reached, an unlocking instruction is sent.

[0004] Another Chinese patent publication number CN118741686A is a digital key Bluetooth positioning, device, equipment and storage medium, which receives the signal strength between the digital key Bluetooth and the vehicle Bluetooth module, and determines whether the digital key Bluetooth is in the unlocking zone of the vehicle based on a first model and the signal strength. When the digital key Bluetooth is in the unlocking zone, the unlocking zone orientation of the digital key Bluetooth is determined according to a second model and the signal strength, thereby improving the accuracy of digital key Bluetooth positioning.

[0005] Although the above two solutions involve solutions for vehicle unlocking based on Bluetooth communication, the existing technology still has the following limitations, specifically: 1. The existing technology ignores the Bluetooth signal attenuation and instability caused by the vehicle's metal environment. The vehicle's metal structure may not only have signal attenuation problems caused by vehicle body penetration, but may also cause significant multipath effects of Bluetooth signals. Conventional signal strength detection can easily increase the interactive positioning error between the vehicle terminal and the user terminal.

[0006] 2. Existing technologies lack effective management of channel interference in dense Bluetooth environments. In high-density Bluetooth scenarios, fixed channel allocation is prone to cause congestion and interference, while existing technologies lack an adaptive channel adjustment and allocation mechanism, which can easily lead to insufficient stability of Bluetooth communications between vehicle terminals and user terminals. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of the background technology, the embodiments of the present invention provide a vehicle device sharing receiving system and method based on Bluetooth technology, which can effectively solve the problems involved in the above background technology.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: First, the present invention provides a vehicle equipment sharing receiving system based on Bluetooth technology, including: a signal sensing module, an attenuation judgment module, a link compensation module, a channel monitoring module and a security authentication module.

[0009] The signal perception module is connected to the attenuation judgment module, the attenuation judgment module is respectively connected to the link compensation module and the channel monitoring module, the link compensation module is connected to the channel monitoring module, and the channel monitoring module is connected to the security authentication module.

[0010] The signal sensing module captures the Bluetooth signal strength characteristics and multipath reflection characteristics through the Bluetooth handshake signal between the user end and the vehicle end when the unlocking is triggered for the first time.

[0011] The attenuation judgment module quantifies the attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal in the vehicle's metal environment based on the characteristic data, and determines whether to perform the Bluetooth signal link enhancement operation. If so, it jumps to the link compensation module, otherwise it jumps to the channel monitoring module.

[0012] The link compensation module performs attenuation compensation on the Bluetooth signal link, including uplink transmission power compensation and downlink directional beam enhancement.

[0013] The channel monitoring module performs state perception and congestion feature classification on the entire Bluetooth communication channel space, and allocates exclusive communication windows for two-way authentication between the user end and the vehicle end based on the channel congestion feature type.

[0014] The security authentication module performs encrypted two-way authentication in the exclusive communication window, outputs a vehicle unlocking instruction to the vehicle body control unit if the authentication is successful, and notifies the user end of the unlocking failure if the authentication fails.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle device sharing and receiving method based on Bluetooth technology, including: S1. capturing Bluetooth signal strength characteristics and multipath reflection characteristics through the Bluetooth handshake signal between the user end and the vehicle end when the unlocking is triggered for the first time.

[0016] S2. Quantify the attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal in the vehicle metal environment based on the characteristic data, and determine whether to perform the Bluetooth signal link enhancement operation. If so, jump to step S3, otherwise jump to step S4.

[0017] S3. Perform attenuation compensation on the Bluetooth signal link, including uplink transmission power compensation and downlink directional beam enhancement.

[0018] S4. Perform state perception and congestion feature classification on the entire Bluetooth communication channel space, and allocate an exclusive communication window for two-way authentication between the user terminal and the vehicle terminal according to the channel congestion feature type.

[0019] S5. Perform encrypted bidirectional authentication in the exclusive communication window. If the authentication is successful, output the vehicle unlocking command to the vehicle body control unit. If the authentication fails, notify the user end of the unlocking failure.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: (1) The present invention takes into account the metal penetration interference of the vehicle body and the metal reflection interference inside the vehicle. Through the Bluetooth handshake signal when the user terminal triggers unlocking for the first time, the present invention accurately quantifies the attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal caused by the vehicle metal environment, determines the execution requirements of the Bluetooth signal link enhancement operation and performs corresponding link compensation, ensures the stable transmission of the Bluetooth signal, avoids unlocking delays or failures due to signal attenuation, and greatly improves the user experience.

[0021] (2) The present invention realizes the state perception of the entire Bluetooth communication channel space, and allocates an exclusive communication window for the two-way authentication between the user terminal and the vehicle terminal based on the channel congestion feature classification results, avoiding interference and competition from other channels, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the two-way authentication process between the user terminal and the vehicle terminal, and greatly improving the reliability and stability of communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. A person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a module connection block diagram of a vehicle device sharing and receiving system based on Bluetooth technology provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a vehicle device sharing and receiving method based on Bluetooth technology provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a layered flow chart of the Bluetooth communication protocol for unlocking a vehicle from the user end to the vehicle end of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] See also Figure 1 As shown, in the first embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle equipment sharing receiving system based on Bluetooth technology is provided, including: a signal sensing module, an attenuation judgment module, a link compensation module, a channel monitoring module and a security authentication module.

[0029] The signal perception module is connected to the attenuation judgment module, the attenuation judgment module is respectively connected to the link compensation module and the channel monitoring module, the link compensation module is connected to the channel monitoring module, and the channel monitoring module is connected to the security authentication module.

[0030] The signal sensing module captures Bluetooth signal strength characteristics and multipath reflection characteristics through the Bluetooth handshake signal between the user end and the vehicle end when the unlocking is triggered for the first time.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the Bluetooth handshake signal includes a broadcast data packet sent by the user end to the vehicle end in an uplink, and a response data packet sent by the vehicle end to the user end in response to the broadcast data packet in a downlink.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the capturing of Bluetooth signal strength characteristics includes: extracting the received signal strength indication value synchronously measured when the vehicle-mounted terminal receives the broadcast data packet, calculating the signal path loss amount including the distance transmission loss component and the metal penetration loss component based on the received signal strength indication value, and using this as the Bluetooth signal strength characteristic.

[0033] It should be noted that the above-mentioned signal path loss amount is the difference between the initial transmit power preset by the user end and the received signal strength indicator value.

[0034] The specific decomposition process of the signal path loss is as follows: half of the product of the round-trip time of the Bluetooth handshake signal and the preset propagation speed of the Bluetooth handshake signal is used as the position distance of the current user end relative to the vehicle end, and the position distance is substituted into the free space path loss formula to obtain the distance transmission loss component of the broadcast data packet sent by the user end to the vehicle end in the uplink, and then the difference between the signal path loss and the distance transmission loss component is used as the metal penetration loss component, where the free space path loss formula can be exemplified as follows: , They respectively represent the current location distance of the user terminal relative to the vehicle terminal and the preset frequency of the Bluetooth handshake signal.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, capturing the multipath reflection characteristics includes: when the user terminal receives the response data packet, obtaining the time delay, phase and amplitude parameters of the multipath reflection signal through channel impulse response analysis.

[0036] The direct path signal and each metal reflection path signal in the multipath reflection signal are screened according to the preset path peak rule.

[0037] It should be noted that the above-mentioned preset path peak rule includes: screening the signal with the smallest delay value and the largest amplitude among the multipath reflection signals as the direct path signal.

[0038] Signals in the multipath reflection signal whose delay value is in the invalid delay range or whose amplitude is lower than the preset noise tolerance threshold are regarded as environmental noise interference signals and are eliminated. The remaining multipath reflection signals after elimination are regarded as metal reflection path signals.

[0039] The phase difference and time delay difference of each metal reflection path signal relative to the direct path signal are calculated, and the phase difference and the time delay difference are used as row elements to construct a phase difference matrix of the metal reflection path.

[0040] The maximum delay difference and delay spread root mean square of the metal reflection path signal relative to the direct path signal are quantified and combined with the singular value decomposition result of the phase difference matrix to serve as the multipath reflection feature.

[0041] The attenuation judgment module quantifies the attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal in the vehicle metal environment based on the characteristic data, and determines whether to perform the Bluetooth signal link enhancement operation. If so, it jumps to the link compensation module, otherwise it jumps to the channel monitoring module.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the determination of whether to perform the Bluetooth signal link enhancement operation includes: pre-calibrating a reference threshold of the metal penetration loss component of the vehicle end and reference values ​​of various parameters of the multipath reflection feature according to the vehicle model.

[0043] It should be noted that the above-mentioned pre-calibration process is obtained through the standardized channel measurement experiment established in the system development phase. The specific calibration process includes the following key contents: building a typical sample library covering all mainstream models, establishing dual test scenarios in a microwave darkroom and a real road environment, and using a vector network analyzer and a channel probe to perform multi-band measurements to carry out in-vehicle and out-of-vehicle path loss experiments, calibrating the metal penetration loss threshold and the multipath reflection characteristic parameter thresholds that each model can tolerate when the Bluetooth communication signal is at the edge of stability, and using this as a reference or benchmark.

[0044] The ratio of the metal penetration loss component in the Bluetooth signal strength feature to its calibration reference threshold is used as the attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal caused by the metal environment of the vehicle body.

[0045] Normalization processing is performed on each parameter in the currently captured multipath reflection feature and its corresponding calibration reference value, and the accumulated result of the normalization processing is used as the attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal by the metal environment in the vehicle.

[0046] It should be noted that the parameters in the above-mentioned multipath reflection characteristics can be used as a basis for analyzing the attenuation degree of Bluetooth signals caused by the metal environment in the car. The core logic is derived from the physical relationship between multipath propagation theory and signal statistical characteristics. The maximum delay difference and the root mean square of the delay spread mainly characterize the multipath complexity from the time dimension. The more intense the metal reflection, the larger the values ​​of the two, and the more significant the signal attenuation caused by ISI and frequency selective fading. The singular value decomposition result of the phase difference matrix reflects the multipath energy distribution from the spatial dimension. The metal environment flattens the singular value distribution by increasing the number of reflection paths, weakens the spatial filtering capability of the array antenna, and further aggravates the attenuation.

[0047] The attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal by the vehicle body and the metal environment inside the vehicle is quantified through linear weighted fusion. If the attenuation degree is greater than or equal to the preset Bluetooth signal attenuation degree warning threshold, the Bluetooth signal link enhancement operation is judged to be executed, otherwise it is judged not to be executed.

[0048] The link compensation module performs attenuation compensation on the Bluetooth signal link, including uplink transmission power compensation and downlink directional beam enhancement.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the uplink transmission power compensation includes: extracting the transmission power compensation value mapped to the attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal by the metal environment of the vehicle body according to the preset mapping table of vehicle body attenuation degree-transmission power compensation stored in the cloud database.

[0050] The ratio of the distance transmission loss component in the Bluetooth signal strength characteristic to the Bluetooth signal transmission distance is used as the transmission power transmission loss index. The product of the transmission power transmission loss index and the transmission power compensation value is again superimposed on the transmission power compensation value to obtain the actual compensation value of the uplink transmission power.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the downlink directional beam enhancement includes: screening the metal reflection path signal corresponding to the maximum singular value in the singular value decomposition result of the phase difference matrix as the main reflection signal, and based on the phase difference between the main reflection signal and the direct path signal, analyzing the azimuth angle of the user end relative to the vehicle end, so as to determine the pointing direction of the beamforming main lobe.

[0052] The vehicle-mounted integrated antenna array generates a weighted coefficient vector for each array element according to the azimuth angle, adjusts the phase and amplitude of the radio frequency signal, and forms a downlink directional enhancement beam.

[0053] The embodiment of the present invention takes into account the metal penetration interference of the vehicle body and the metal reflection interference inside the vehicle. Through the Bluetooth handshake signal when the user terminal triggers unlocking for the first time, it accurately quantifies the attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal by the vehicle's metal environment, determines the execution requirement of the Bluetooth signal link enhancement operation and performs corresponding link compensation, ensuring stable transmission of the Bluetooth signal, avoiding unlocking delays or failures due to signal attenuation, and greatly improving the user experience.

[0054] The channel monitoring module performs state perception and congestion feature classification on the entire Bluetooth communication channel space, and allocates an exclusive communication window for two-way authentication between the user terminal and the vehicle terminal according to the channel congestion feature type.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the state perception and congestion feature classification of the entire Bluetooth communication channel space includes: performing a full-band scan of the entire Bluetooth communication channel space, measuring the signal energy, occupancy time ratio and data packet collision rate of each channel according to a preset resolution, and determining the congested channel type involved in the measurement parameters of each channel according to the preset numerical ranges of the signal energy, occupancy time ratio and data packet collision rate corresponding to each classified congested channel type stored in the cloud database, and screening the classified congested channel type with the highest congestion level as the congestion feature type, thereby determining the congestion feature type of each Bluetooth communication channel, wherein each classified congested channel type includes low, medium and high congested channel types.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the allocation of exclusive communication windows for bidirectional authentication between the user terminal and the vehicle terminal includes: allocating orthogonal time slots for medium and high congestion channel types, including dividing exclusive windows of fixed length within the bidirectional authentication period.

[0057] Allocate fixed channels for low-congestion channel types, including designating idle channels as exclusive communication windows.

[0058] Suspend other Bluetooth data transmission in the exclusive window, and only allow the user end and the vehicle end to interact with the authentication message.

[0059] The security authentication module performs encrypted bidirectional authentication in the exclusive communication window, and outputs a vehicle unlocking instruction to the vehicle body control unit if the authentication is successful, and notifies the user end of the unlocking failure if the authentication fails.

[0060] It should be noted that the above-mentioned encrypted two-way authentication includes the pre-injection of the same symmetric root key or asymmetric key pair into the vehicle-mounted end and the user end, dynamically generating a session key through a key derivation function based on a temporary random number and the root key, and the vehicle-mounted end sending an authentication challenge containing a timestamp and a random number. The user end uses the session key to generate a dynamic signature and transmits it back. After the vehicle-mounted end verifies the signature, it sends the authentication certificate in reverse to complete two-way identity authentication.

[0061] The embodiment of the present invention realizes the state perception of the entire Bluetooth communication channel space, and allocates an exclusive communication window for the two-way authentication between the user terminal and the vehicle terminal based on the channel congestion feature classification results, avoiding interference and competition from other channels, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the two-way authentication process between the user terminal and the vehicle terminal, and greatly improving the reliability and stability of communication.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle device sharing and receiving method based on Bluetooth technology, including: S1. capturing Bluetooth signal strength characteristics and multipath reflection characteristics through the Bluetooth handshake signal between the user end and the vehicle end when the unlocking is triggered for the first time.

[0064] S2. Quantify the attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal in the vehicle metal environment based on the characteristic data, and determine whether to perform the Bluetooth signal link enhancement operation. If so, jump to step S3, otherwise jump to step S4.

[0065] S3. Perform attenuation compensation on the Bluetooth signal link, including uplink transmission power compensation and downlink directional beam enhancement.

[0066] S4. Perform state perception and congestion feature classification on the entire Bluetooth communication channel space, and allocate an exclusive communication window for two-way authentication between the user terminal and the vehicle terminal according to the channel congestion feature type.

[0067] S5. Perform encrypted bidirectional authentication in the exclusive communication window. If the authentication is successful, output the vehicle unlocking command to the vehicle body control unit. If the authentication fails, notify the user end of the unlocking failure.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle equipment sharing receiving system and method based on Bluetooth technology provided by the present invention can be implemented based on a layered Bluetooth communication protocol architecture, the core of which includes: a physical layer multi-mode loss separation engine to quantify metal environment attenuation interference, a link layer dynamic resource scheduling to allocate exclusive communication windows, and an application layer device sharing collaborative protocol to trigger encrypted two-way authentication.

[0069] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerically calculated, and the preset parameters in the formulas are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0070] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.

[0071] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0072] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0073] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

[0074] Finally, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle equipment sharing and receiving system based on Bluetooth technology, characterized in that: include: The signal sensing module captures the Bluetooth signal strength and multipath reflection characteristics through the Bluetooth handshake signal between the user end and the vehicle end when the unlocking is triggered for the first time; The attenuation judgment module quantifies the degree of attenuation of the Bluetooth signal by the vehicle's metal environment based on the characteristic data and determines whether to perform the Bluetooth signal link enhancement operation. If so, it jumps to the link compensation module; otherwise, it jumps to the channel monitoring module; Link compensation module, which performs attenuation compensation on the Bluetooth signal link, including uplink transmission power compensation and downlink directional beam enhancement; The channel monitoring module performs state perception and congestion feature classification on the entire Bluetooth communication channel space, and allocates exclusive communication windows for two-way authentication between the user end and the vehicle end based on the channel congestion feature type; a security authentication module that performs encrypted bidirectional authentication in the exclusive communication window, outputs a vehicle unlocking instruction to the vehicle body control unit if the authentication is successful, and notifies the user end of the unlocking failure if the authentication fails; The Bluetooth handshake signal includes a broadcast data packet sent by the user end to the vehicle end in the uplink, and a response data packet sent by the vehicle end to the user end in response to the broadcast data packet in the downlink; The capturing of the Bluetooth signal strength feature includes: extracting a received signal strength indicator value synchronously measured when the vehicle-mounted terminal receives the broadcast data packet, calculating a signal path loss including a distance transmission loss component and a metal penetration loss component based on the received signal strength indicator value, and using the calculated signal path loss as the Bluetooth signal strength feature; The determining whether to perform the Bluetooth signal link enhancement operation includes: pre-calibrating a reference threshold of a metal penetration loss component of the vehicle end and reference values ​​of various parameters of the multipath reflection characteristic according to the vehicle model; The ratio of the metal penetration loss component in the Bluetooth signal strength feature to its calibration reference threshold is used as the attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal caused by the metal environment of the vehicle body. Normalizing each parameter in the currently captured multipath reflection feature with its corresponding calibration reference value, and using the accumulated result of the normalization as the attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal by the metal environment in the vehicle; The attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal by the vehicle body and the metal environment inside the vehicle is quantified through linear weighted fusion. If the attenuation degree is greater than or equal to the preset Bluetooth signal attenuation degree warning threshold, the Bluetooth signal link enhancement operation is judged to be executed, otherwise it is judged not to be executed.

2. The vehicle equipment sharing and receiving system based on Bluetooth technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: Capturing the multipath reflection characteristics includes: when the user terminal receives the response data packet, obtaining the time delay, phase and amplitude parameters of the multipath reflection signal through channel impulse response analysis; Screening the direct path signal and each metal reflection path signal in the multipath reflection signal according to the preset path peak rule; Calculating the phase difference and time delay difference of each metal reflection path signal relative to the direct path signal, and using the phase difference and the time delay difference as row elements to construct a phase difference matrix of the metal reflection path; The maximum delay difference and delay spread root mean square of the metal reflection path signal relative to the direct path signal are quantified and combined with the singular value decomposition result of the phase difference matrix to serve as the multipath reflection feature.

3. The vehicle equipment sharing and receiving system based on Bluetooth technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The uplink transmission power compensation includes: extracting a transmission power compensation value mapped to the attenuation degree of the Bluetooth signal caused by the metal environment of the vehicle body according to a preset mapping table of vehicle body attenuation degree-transmission power compensation stored in a cloud database; The ratio of the distance transmission loss component in the Bluetooth signal strength characteristic to the Bluetooth signal transmission distance is used as the transmission power transmission loss index. The product of the transmission power transmission loss index and the transmission power compensation value is again superimposed on the transmission power compensation value to obtain the actual compensation value of the uplink transmission power.

4. The vehicle equipment sharing and receiving system based on Bluetooth technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The downlink directional beam enhancement includes: selecting the metal reflection path signal corresponding to the maximum singular value in the singular value decomposition result of the phase difference matrix as the main reflection signal, and analyzing the azimuth angle of the user end relative to the vehicle end based on the phase difference between the main reflection signal and the direct path signal, thereby determining the pointing direction of the beamforming main lobe; The vehicle-mounted integrated antenna array generates a weighted coefficient vector for each array element according to the azimuth angle, adjusts the phase and amplitude of the radio frequency signal, and forms a downlink directional enhancement beam.

5. The vehicle equipment sharing and receiving system based on Bluetooth technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The state perception and congestion feature classification of the entire Bluetooth communication channel space includes: performing a full-band scan of the entire Bluetooth communication channel space, measuring the signal energy, occupancy time ratio and data packet collision rate of each channel according to a preset resolution, determining the congested channel type involved in the measurement parameters of each channel according to the preset numerical ranges of the signal energy, occupancy time ratio and data packet collision rate corresponding to each congested channel type stored in a cloud database, screening the congested channel type with the highest congestion level as the congestion feature type, and thereby determining the congestion feature type of each Bluetooth communication channel, wherein the congested channel type includes low, medium and high congested channel types.

6. The vehicle equipment sharing and receiving system based on Bluetooth technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The allocating of exclusive communication windows for bidirectional authentication between the user terminal and the vehicle terminal includes: allocating orthogonal time slots for medium and high congestion channel types, including dividing exclusive windows of fixed length within the bidirectional authentication period; Allocate fixed channels for low-congestion channel types, including designating idle channels as exclusive communication windows; Suspend other Bluetooth data transmission in the exclusive window, and only allow the user end and the vehicle end to interact with the authentication message.

7. A vehicle device sharing and receiving method based on Bluetooth technology, used to implement the vehicle device sharing and receiving system based on Bluetooth technology according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: S1. Capture Bluetooth signal strength and multipath reflection characteristics through the Bluetooth handshake signal between the user end and the vehicle end when the unlock is first triggered; S2. Based on the characteristic data, quantify the degree of attenuation of the Bluetooth signal in the vehicle metal environment, and determine whether to perform the Bluetooth signal link enhancement operation. If so, jump to step S3, otherwise jump to step S4; S3 Bluetooth signal link attenuation compensation, including uplink transmit power compensation and downlink directional beam enhancement; S4. Perform state perception and congestion feature classification on the entire Bluetooth communication channel space, and allocate exclusive communication windows for two-way authentication between the user terminal and the vehicle terminal according to the channel congestion feature type; S5. Perform encrypted bidirectional authentication in the exclusive communication window. If the authentication is successful, output the vehicle unlocking command to the vehicle body control unit. If the authentication fails, notify the user end of the unlocking failure.

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