Workpiece feeding and positioning device of lathe

Abstract

The invention discloses a workpiece feeding positioning device of a lathe. The workpiece feeding positioning device comprises a machine table, wherein the machine table is provided with a main shaft and a feeding driving module; the pushing and clamping assembly comprises a cylinder body, a soft magnetic piston, an elastic piece, an exciting coil and a wireless power supply module, the cylinder body is connected to the main shaft, the soft magnetic piston is slidably connected into the cylinder body, one side of the soft magnetic piston is connected with a piston rod, and the exciting coil is connected outside the cylinder body and located on the side, close to the soft magnetic piston, of the soft magnetic piston; two ends of the elastic piece are respectively connected with the soft magnetic piston and the cylinder body; the chuck assembly comprises a clamping seat, a linkage block and clamping jaws, the clamping seat is connected to one end of the cylinder body, the linkage block is connected to the piston rod, each clamping jaw is slidably connected to the clamping seat in the radial direction, a wedge sliding block is arranged on the side, away from the piston rod, of the linkage block, and each clamping jaw is provided with a wedge sliding groove. The device is stable and reliable in operation action, high in positioning efficiency, high in safety, low in maintenance cost and high in positioning precision, and abrasion of the pushing and clamping assembly and the chuck assembly can be remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lathe equipment, and particularly to a workpiece loading and positioning device for a lathe. Background Art

[0002] A lathe is a machine tool mainly used for turning a rotating workpiece with a turning tool. A lathe is the most important one among metal cutting machine tools, mainly including structures such as a headstock and a feed box, where the spindle of the headstock is used to drive the workpiece to rotate.

[0003] To realize the rotation of the workpiece, a chuck is provided on the spindle of the lathe for positioning the workpiece. In the traditional technology, the chuck needs to be adjusted and locked manually. After the loading is completed, the spindle drives the chuck clamped with the workpiece to rotate to cooperate with the turning process. This loading and positioning method has a high labor cost, obvious safety hazards, and low positioning efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this purpose, the present invention provides a workpiece loading and positioning device for a lathe, which has a fast positioning response, high positioning efficiency, a stable and reliable structure, can reduce manual intervention, and has high safety performance.

[0005] A workpiece loading and positioning device for a lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: A machine table provided with a spindle and a loading driving module, and the loading driving module is connected with a first clamping mechanism; A push-clamping assembly including a cylinder body, a soft magnetic piston, an elastic member, an excitation coil, and a wireless power supply module. The cylinder body is connected to the spindle, the soft magnetic piston is slidably connected inside the cylinder body, one side of the soft magnetic piston is connected with a piston rod, the excitation coil is connected outside the cylinder body, the excitation coil is located on the side of the soft magnetic piston close to the soft magnetic piston, and both ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the soft magnetic piston and the cylinder body. The elastic member is used to make the soft magnetic piston form a movement trend away from the excitation coil, and the wireless power supply module is located on the side of the excitation coil away from the soft magnetic piston; A chuck assembly including a chuck seat, a linkage block, and n jaws, where n is an integer greater than 2. The chuck seat is connected to one end of the cylinder body, the linkage block is connected to the piston rod, each jaw is slidably connected to the chuck seat in the radial direction, n wedge-shaped sliders are provided on the side of the linkage block away from the piston rod, and each jaw is provided with a wedge-shaped chute, and the wedge-shaped sliders are slidably connected to the wedge-shaped chutes.

[0006] In this embodiment, the chuck seat is provided with n radially extending limiting grooves, and a limiting block is slidably connected in each limiting groove, and each limiting block is connected to the corresponding jaw.

[0007] In this embodiment, the side of the soft magnetic piston close to the excitation coil is conical.

[0008] In this embodiment, a yoke plate is further provided outside the cylinder body, and the yoke plate is located on the side of the soft magnetic piston away from the excitation coil.

[0009] In this embodiment, the elastic member is a spring, and the spring is located on the side of the soft magnetic piston close to the linkage block.

[0010] In this embodiment, the staple pushing assembly further includes a communicating pipe with both ends connected to the cylinder body. The two ends of the communicating pipe are respectively located on opposite sides of the soft magnetic piston. Both the cylinder body and the communicating pipe are used for storing liquid. The communicating pipe is provided with an on-off control module, and the staple pushing assembly further includes a trigger module located on one side of the on-off control module.

[0011] In this embodiment, the on-off control module includes a wireless charging receiving module and a piezoelectric valve. The piezoelectric valve is connected to the communicating pipe, and the wireless charging receiving module is electrically connected to the piezoelectric valve. The trigger module is a wireless charging transmitting module.

[0012] In this embodiment, it further includes a screening material supply assembly located on one side of the feeding drive module. The feeding drive module is used to drive the first clamping mechanism to reciprocate between the screening material supply assembly and the chuck assembly.

[0013] In this embodiment, the feeding drive module includes a first radial drive mechanism and a first axial drive mechanism. The first clamping mechanism is connected to the first axial drive mechanism, and the first axial drive mechanism is connected to the first radial drive mechanism.

[0014] In this embodiment, the screening material supply assembly includes a vibrating screen, a feeding track, a second axial drive mechanism, a second radial drive mechanism, and a second clamping mechanism. The feeding track is connected to the vibrating screen. The second axial drive mechanism is connected with a push block. The second clamping mechanism is connected to the second radial drive mechanism. The second axial drive mechanism and the second radial drive mechanism are respectively located on opposite sides of the feeding track.

[0015] The embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The wireless power supply module, in cooperation with the excitation coil, can drive the soft magnetic piston to realize the clamping action of the chuck assembly. Driving the excitation coil to operate in a contactless manner can eliminate the limitations caused by fixed wiring, effectively reduce the difficulty of design layout, ensure stable and reliable operation, high positioning efficiency, significantly reduce manual intervention, lower labor costs, and enhance safety. The magnetic field formed by the excitation coil drives the soft magnetic piston on the axial side, enabling a high positioning response speed. The soft magnetic piston can drive the linkage block to achieve axial displacement through the piston rod. Under the steering action of the wedge slider and the wedge chute, the jaws radially slidably connected to the chuck base can achieve stable and reliable clamping actions, with high coaxiality in clamping and positioning. In addition, when the main shaft rotates, the soft magnetic piston, cylinder block, and chuck assembly rotate synchronously, significantly improving the reliability of the clamping and positioning actions, significantly reducing wear in the pusher chuck assembly and the chuck assembly, lowering maintenance costs, extending service life, effectively reducing positioning errors caused by cumulative wear, achieving high positioning accuracy, and effectively improving the machining accuracy of the lathe in use. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, where: Figure 1 is a perspective structural view of the workpiece loading and positioning device of the lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a perspective structural view of the workpiece loading and positioning device of the lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention with a part of the machine table hidden; Figure 3 is a top view structural view of the workpiece loading and positioning device of the lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is along Figure 3 the sectional structural view taken along A - A' in Figure 5 is Figure 4 the enlarged structural view of B in Figure 6 is an exploded structural view of the chuck assembly in the workpiece loading and positioning device of the lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is an exploded structural view of the chuck assembly in the workpiece loading and positioning device of the lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0017] Reference Signs: Machine table 100, main shaft 110, loading drive module 120, first radial drive mechanism 121, first axial drive mechanism 122, first clamping mechanism 130; Pushing clip assembly 200, cylinder block 210, soft magnetic piston 220, piston rod 221, elastic member 230, excitation coil 240, wireless power supply module 250, yoke plate 260, connecting pipe 270, on-off control module 280, wireless charging receiving module 281, piezoelectric valve 282, trigger module 290; Chuck assembly 300, chuck base 310, relief hole 311, limit groove 312, linkage block 320, wedge slider 321, jaw 330, wedge chute 331, limit block 340; Screening and feeding assembly 400, vibrating screen 410, feeding track 420, second axial driving mechanism 430, pushing block 431, second radial driving mechanism 440, second clamping mechanism 450. Specific embodiments

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, if the first and second are described only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of the indicated technical features.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installation, connection, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0022] A lathe is a machine tool mainly used for turning a rotating workpiece with a turning tool. The lathe is one of the most important metal cutting machine tools, mainly including structures such as a headstock and a feed box. The spindle in the headstock is used to drive the workpiece to rotate. To achieve the rotation of the workpiece, a chuck is provided on the spindle of the lathe for positioning the workpiece. In the traditional technology, the chuck needs to be adjusted and locked manually. After the loading is completed, the spindle drives the chuck clamped with the workpiece to rotate to cooperate with the turning process. This loading and positioning method has high labor costs, obvious safety hazards, and low positioning efficiency.

[0023] In some technologies, a hydraulic drive method is used to drive the chuck to clamp the workpiece. Although the positioning efficiency is improved compared with manual operation, the piston in this mechanism is connected to the chuck in a clamped manner, and the piston is connected to the spindle, while the cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the lathe base, and the cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the corresponding liquid pump through a pipeline. When the spindle rotates for processing, the piston will rotate relative to the cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder, resulting in obvious wear, high maintenance costs, and the accumulated wear will cause a significant decrease in the positioning accuracy, thus affecting the turning accuracy.

[0024] The following refers to the attached Figure 1 to the attached Figure 7 , and describes the workpiece loading and positioning device of the lathe according to the embodiments of the present invention, which has a fast positioning response, high positioning efficiency, stable and reliable structure, can reduce manual intervention, and has high safety performance.

[0025] Referring to Figures 1 to 7 , a workpiece loading and positioning device of a lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: A machine table 100 is provided with a spindle 110 and a loading drive module 120 that are axially adjacent to each other. The spindle 110 is used to output a rotational force. The loading drive module 120 is connected to a first clamping mechanism 130. The loading drive module 120 is used to drive the first clamping mechanism 130 to move towards the spindle 110. The first clamping mechanism 130 is used to clamp the workpiece; The staple pushing assembly 200 includes a cylinder block 210, a soft magnetic piston 220, an elastic member 230, an excitation coil 240, and a wireless power supply module 250. The cylinder block 210 is connected to the main shaft 110. The soft magnetic piston 220 is slidably connected within the cylinder block 210. One side of the soft magnetic piston 220 is connected to a piston rod 221 extending outside the cylinder block 210. The cylinder block 210 is provided with a through hole for the piston rod 221 to pass through. The excitation coil 240 is connected outside the cylinder block 210, and along the extending direction of the cylinder block 210, the excitation coil 240 is located on the side of the soft magnetic piston 220 close to the soft magnetic piston 220. Both ends of the elastic member 230 are respectively connected to the soft magnetic piston 220 and the cylinder block 210. The elastic member 230 is used to make the soft magnetic piston 220 form a movement trend away from the excitation coil 240. The wireless power supply module 250 is located on the side of the excitation coil 240 away from the soft magnetic piston 220, and the wireless power supply module 250 is connected to the machine table 100; The chuck assembly 300 includes a chuck base 310, a linkage block 320, and n clamping jaws 330, where n is an integer greater than 2. The chuck base 310 is connected to one end of the cylinder block 210. The linkage block 320 is connected to the end of the piston rod 221 outside the cylinder block 210. Each clamping jaw 330 is slidably connected to the chuck base 310 in the radial direction. The chuck base 310 is provided with a radially extending relief hole 311. The linkage block 320 axially passes through the relief hole 311 so that the linkage block 320 can slide axially relative to the chuck base 310. On the side of the linkage block 320 away from the piston rod 221, there are n wedge sliders 321 matching the respective corresponding clamping jaws 330. The wedge sliders 321 incline outward along the central axis of the linkage block 320 towards the clamping jaws 330. Each clamping jaw 330 is provided with a wedge chute 331 matching the respective corresponding wedge slider 321. The wedge sliders 321 and the wedge chutes 331 extend along the angle between the radial direction and the axial direction. Each wedge slider 321 is slidably connected in the corresponding wedge chute 331. Preferably, along the direction of the inclined extension, the cross-sections of the wedge sliders 321 and the wedge chutes 331 are both in an inverted T shape or a dovetail shape, which can form a reliable limiting and guiding effect.

[0026] It should be noted that the radial direction refers to the diameter extension direction of the main shaft 110, and the axial direction refers to the extension direction of the main shaft 110.

[0027] In the initial state, under the elastic force of the elastic member 230, the soft magnetic piston 220 is located at a position away from the excitation coil 240, the piston rod 221 is in a contracted state, and under the action of the linkage block 320, each jaw 330 is loosened away from the center of the chuck base 310 to form a clearance space for workpiece insertion; the loading drive module 120 drives the first clamping mechanism 130 to move closer to the main shaft 110 until the workpiece clamped by the first clamping mechanism 130 is sent into the clearance space, that is, the area surrounded by each jaw 330; the wireless power supply module 250 operates and drives the excitation coil 240 to work to generate a magnetic field. Under the action of the Maxwell stress, the soft magnetic piston 220 moves closer to the excitation coil 240, thereby driving the linkage block 320 to move axially through the piston rod 221. Under the linkage action of the wedge slider 321 and the wedge chute 331, each jaw 330 moves closer to the center of the chuck base 310 along its respective radial direction to synchronously clamp the workpiece; after the first clamping mechanism 130 releases the workpiece, the loading drive module 120 drives the first clamping mechanism 130 to reset, so as to make way for the turning process; after the turning process is completed, the wireless power supply module 250 stops supplying power to the excitation coil 240, and the soft magnetic piston 220 resets under the action of the elastic member 230, thereby driving each jaw 330 to release the workpiece. During operation, since the wireless power supply module 250 and the excitation coil 240 achieve power supply control in a non-contact manner, it can effectively reduce the limitations of the cylinder block 210, the soft magnetic piston 220 and the chuck assembly 300, and can effectively reduce the wear between the soft magnetic piston 220 and the chuck assembly 300.

[0028] The wireless power supply module 250 cooperating with the excitation coil 240 can drive the soft magnetic piston 220 to realize the clamping action of the chuck assembly 300. Driving the excitation coil 240 to operate in a non-contact manner can eliminate the limitations brought by the fixed connection of the lines and pipelines, can effectively reduce the design and layout difficulty, the operation action is stable and reliable, the positioning efficiency is high, it can significantly reduce the manual intervention, the labor cost is low, and the safety is high; the magnetic field formed by the excitation coil 240 drives the soft magnetic piston 220 on the axial side, the positioning response speed is high, and the soft magnetic piston 220 can drive the linkage block 320 to realize axial displacement through the piston rod 221. Under the steering action of the wedge slider 321 and the wedge chute 331, the jaws 330 radially slidably connected to the chuck base 310 can realize stable and reliable clamping actions, and the coaxiality of the clamping and positioning is high; in addition, when the main shaft 110 rotates, the soft magnetic piston 220, the cylinder block 210 and the chuck assembly 300 rotate synchronously, which can significantly improve the reliability of the clamping and positioning actions, can significantly reduce the wear in the push-clamping assembly 200 and the chuck assembly 300, and can eliminate the rotational wear in the push-clamping assembly 200 and the chuck assembly 300. The maintenance cost is low, the service life is long, it can effectively reduce the positioning error caused by the cumulative wear, the positioning accuracy is high, and it can effectively improve the machining accuracy of the lathe applied.

[0029] It can be understood that a piston gasket is connected to the circumferential surface of the soft magnetic piston 220 , and the piston gasket abuts against the inner wall of the cylinder body 210 .

[0030] It is understood that the clamping base 310 is provided with n radially extending limiting slots 312, each of which is slidably connected to a limiting block 340. Each limiting block 340 is connected to a corresponding clamping jaw 330, and the limiting blocks 340 and the clamping jaw 330 can be connected by screws. The limiting blocks 340 and the limiting slots 312 facilitate the assembly of the clamping jaw 330 with the linkage block 320 and the clamping base 310, respectively, and achieve precise radial guidance of the clamping jaw 330.

[0031] Specifically, the cross-sections of the limit groove 312 and the limit block 340 are I-shaped, inverted T-shaped or dovetail-shaped, which can effectively improve the stability of the relative position. This design can effectively prevent the clamping jaw 330 from radially offset when subjected to force, effectively improve the clamping stability, and reduce the wear gap caused by long-term use.

[0032] It is understood that the side of the soft magnetic piston 220 closest to the excitation coil 240 is tapered. This tapered design effectively enhances the magnetic field concentration effect and increases the electromagnetic driving force. This not only improves the clamping force of the jaws 330, thereby enhancing the stability of the clamping action, but also increases the speed of the clamping response. Specifically, the soft magnetic piston 220 is a nickel-based alloy piston. The magnetostrictive effect causes the nickel-based alloy to elongate under the influence of the magnetic field, thereby increasing the clamping and positioning force of the jaws 330 and enhancing the stability of the clamping and positioning action.

[0033] It can be understood that a yoke piece 260 is also provided outside the cylinder body 210. The yoke piece 260 is located on the side of the soft magnetic piston 220 away from the excitation coil 240. The yoke piece 260 can cooperate to achieve magnetic circuit closure, reduce magnetic leakage, and improve the utilization rate of magnetic energy. The yoke piece 260 can be a silicon steel lamination.

[0034] Specifically, the yoke piece 260 surrounds the cylinder body 210 in the circumferential direction. The yoke piece 260 can not only form a closed magnetic circuit, but also effectively conduct eddy current heat of the excitation coil.

[0035] It is understood that the elastic member 230 is a spring, which is located on the side of the soft magnetic piston 220 close to the linkage block 320. The excitation coil 240 is located on the side of the soft magnetic piston 220 close to the linkage block 320. The two ends of the spring are respectively in contact with the soft magnetic piston 220 and the cylinder body 210, so that the soft magnetic piston 220 forms a movement trend away from the linkage block 320. Preferably, the spring is a non-magnetic spring and the cylinder body 210 is also a non-magnetic shell, which can prevent the spring and the cylinder body 210 from interfering with the magnetic field distribution.

[0036] It can be understood that the pusher clip assembly 200 further includes a communicating pipe 270 with both ends connected to the cylinder block 210. The two ends of the communicating pipe 270 are respectively located on opposite sides of the soft magnetic piston 220, so that the liquids on both sides of the soft magnetic piston 220 are communicated through the communicating pipe 270. Both the cylinder block 210 and the communicating pipe 270 are used to fill and store the liquid. Among them, the liquid can be a hydraulic oil or other oil liquid. The viscous damping characteristic of the oil liquid can effectively absorb the high-frequency vibration during the clamping process, thereby improving the stability of the operation of the chuck assembly 300 when clamping, especially suitable for the working conditions of the high-speed spindle 110. The communicating pipe 270 is provided with an on-off control module 280. The on-off control module 280 is used to control the fluidity of the liquid in the communicating pipe 270. When the on-off control module 280 controls the blockage and locking, it can maintain the liquid volume at both ends of the soft magnetic piston 220, so as to realize reliable locking of the position of the soft magnetic piston 220, and can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the clamping and positioning. The pusher clip assembly 200 further includes a trigger module 290 located on one side of the on-off control module 280. The trigger module 290 is connected to the machine shell, and the trigger module 290 is used to trigger the on-off control module 280, so as to control the smoothness or blockage of the communicating pipe 270.

[0037] When it is necessary to lock the position of the soft magnetic piston 220, the on-off control module 280 closes the communicating pipe 270 to block it, and uses the incompressibility of the oil liquid to achieve rigid locking; when resetting is required, the on-off control module 280 opens the communicating pipe 270 to dredge it, allowing the oil liquid to flow to release the pressure.

[0038] It can be understood that the on-off control module 280 includes a wireless charging receiving module 281 and a piezoelectric valve 282. The piezoelectric valve 282 is connected to the communicating pipe 270. The piezoelectric valve 282 is a normally closed piezoelectric valve 282, which only opens when powered on and remains closed under normal conditions to reduce energy consumption, save energy and protect the environment. The wireless charging receiving module 281 is electrically connected to the piezoelectric valve 282. The trigger module 290 is a wireless charging transmitting module. The wireless charging transmitting module is used to supply non-contact power to the wireless charging receiving module 281 by means of electromagnetic induction, so as to supply power to the piezoelectric valve 282 to control the on-off of the piezoelectric valve 282. The design of the non-contact control method can effectively avoid mechanical wear and can effectively adapt to the working conditions of high-speed rotation.

[0039] It should be noted that the on-off control module 280 can also be set as a contact control structure. The on-off control module 280 is set as a push-type normally closed valve. The trigger module 290 includes a trigger cylinder and a trigger push plate connected to the trigger cylinder. When clamping and positioning, the spindle 110 is in a static state. By driving the trigger push plate with the trigger cylinder to push the push-type normally closed valve to open, the communicating pipe 270 can be dredged, so as to realize the flow of the liquid on both sides of the soft magnetic piston 220.

[0040] It can be understood that the workpiece loading and positioning device of the lathe according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes a screening and supply component 400 located on one side of the loading drive module 120. The screening and supply component 400 is located on the radial side of the main shaft 110, which can effectively reduce the length of the overall structure of the lathe, facilitate transportation and installation, and has strong adaptability. The loading drive module 120 is used to drive the first clamping mechanism 130 to reciprocate between the screening and supply component 400 and the chuck component 300. The screening and supply component 400 can output workpieces one by one, and cooperate with the loading drive module 120 and the first clamping mechanism 130 to send the workpieces to the chuck component 300 one by one, and the positioning action is reliable.

[0041] It can be understood that the loading drive module 120 includes a first radial drive mechanism 121 and a first axial drive mechanism 122. The first clamping mechanism 130 is connected to the first axial drive mechanism 122. The first axial drive mechanism 122 is used to drive the first clamping mechanism 130 to move axially. The first axial drive mechanism 122 is connected to the first radial drive mechanism 121. The first radial drive mechanism 121 is used to drive the first axial drive mechanism 122 to move radially. The first radial drive mechanism 121 is located above the horizontal plane where the main shaft 110 is located to avoid the first axial drive mechanism 122 and the first clamping mechanism 130 from obstructing the main shaft 110.

[0042] It can be understood that the screening and supply component 400 includes a vibrating screen 410, a feeding track 420, a second axial drive mechanism 430, a second radial drive mechanism 440, and a second clamping mechanism 450. The feeding track 420 is connected to the outlet of the vibrating screen 410. The second axial drive mechanism 430 is connected with a push block 431. The second clamping mechanism 450 is connected to the second radial drive mechanism 440. The second axial drive mechanism 430 and the second radial drive mechanism 440 are respectively located on opposite sides of the feeding track 420.

[0043] The operation process is as follows: The vibrating sieve 410 outputs the scattered workpieces one by one in a specified direction through the feeding track 420. The second axial driving mechanism 430 is used to axially drive the pushing block 431 to send the workpieces in the feeding track 420 into the second clamping mechanism 450. After the second clamping mechanism 450 clamps the workpiece, the second radial driving mechanism 440 radially drives the second clamping mechanism 450 to move towards the first clamping mechanism 130. The first axial driving mechanism 122 drives the first clamping mechanism 130 to axially approach the second clamping mechanism 450. The first clamping mechanism 130 clamps the workpiece and the second clamping mechanism 450 releases the workpiece. The first axial driving mechanism 122 drives the first clamping mechanism 130 to axially move away from the main shaft 110. The first radial driving mechanism 121 indirectly drives the first clamping mechanism 130 to move closer to the main shaft 110 radially. The first axial driving mechanism 122 drives the first clamping mechanism 130 to axially approach the main shaft 110, so as to send the workpiece between the n jaws 330. The clamping and pushing assembly 200 drives the chuck assembly 300, so that the n jaws 330 clamp the workpiece. After the first clamping mechanism 130 releases the workpiece position, it resets, so as to make way for the subsequent turning processing. Through the three-stage movements of axial, radial and axial directions, the workpieces output from the feeding track 420 are accurately sent to the center of the chuck assembly 300. The positioning effect is accurate and reliable, and it can effectively make way for the turning tool and its feeding positioning assembly, and can effectively reduce the layout design difficulty of the whole lathe.

[0044] Specifically, both the first radial driving mechanism 121 and the second radial driving mechanism 440 are screw rod positioning mechanisms. Both the first axial driving mechanism 122 and the second axial driving mechanism 430 are cylinders. Both the first clamping mechanism 130 and the second clamping mechanism 450 are pneumatic fingers. According to the actually clamped workpiece, both the first clamping mechanism 130 and the second clamping mechanism 450 are provided with clamping blocks whose shapes match the workpiece. By replacing different clamping blocks, the first clamping mechanism 130 and the second clamping mechanism 450 can clamp and position different workpieces.

[0045] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A workpiece loading and positioning device for a lathe, characterized in that, include: The machine (100) is provided with a main shaft (110) and a feeding drive module (120), wherein the feeding drive module (120) is connected to a first clamping mechanism (130); The push-clamp assembly (200) comprises a cylinder (210), a soft magnetic piston (220), an elastic member (230), an excitation coil (240) and a wireless power supply module (250), wherein the cylinder (210) is connected to the main shaft (110), the soft magnetic piston (220) is slidably connected to the cylinder (210), a piston rod (221) is connected to one side of the soft magnetic piston (220), the excitation coil (240) is connected to the outside of the cylinder (210), and the excitation The coil (240) is located on a side of the soft magnetic piston (220) close to the soft magnetic piston (220), two ends of the elastic member (230) are respectively connected to the soft magnetic piston (220) and the cylinder (210), the elastic member (230) is used to make the soft magnetic piston (220) form a movement trend away from the excitation coil (240), and the wireless power supply module (250) is located on a side of the excitation coil (240) away from the soft magnetic piston (220); A chuck assembly (300) comprises a clamping seat (310), a linkage block (320) and n clamping jaws (330), wherein n is an integer greater than 2, the clamping seat (310) is connected to one end of the cylinder body (210), the linkage block (320) is connected to the piston rod (221), each of the clamping jaws (330) is connected to the clamping seat (310) in a radially sliding manner, and n inclined wedge sliders (321) are provided on the side of the linkage block (320) facing away from the piston rod (221), each of the clamping jaws (330) is provided with an inclined wedge slot (331), and the inclined wedge slider (321) is slidably connected to the inclined wedge slot (331).

2. The workpiece loading and positioning device for a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping seat (310) is provided with n radially extending limiting grooves (312), each limiting groove (312) is slidably connected to a limiting block (340), and each limiting block (340) is connected to a corresponding clamping claw (330).

3. The workpiece loading and positioning device of a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the soft magnetic piston (220) close to the excitation coil (240) is conical.

4. A workpiece loading and positioning device for a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that, A magnetic yoke piece (260) is further provided outside the cylinder body (210), and the magnetic yoke piece (260) is located on a side of the soft magnetic piston (220) facing away from the excitation coil (240).

5. The workpiece loading and positioning device of a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic member (230) is a spring, and the spring is located on a side of the soft magnetic piston (220) close to the linkage block (320).

6. The workpiece loading and positioning device of a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push-clamp assembly (200) further comprises a connecting pipe (270) with both ends connected to the cylinder body (210), the two ends of the connecting pipe (270) being respectively located on opposite sides of the soft magnetic piston (220), the cylinder body (210) and the connecting pipe (270) being used for storing liquid, the connecting pipe (270) being provided with an on-off control module (280), and the push-clamp assembly (200) further comprising a trigger module (290) located on one side of the on-off control module (280).

7. The workpiece loading and positioning device of a lathe according to claim 6, characterized in that, The on-off control module (280) includes a wireless charging receiving module (281) and a piezoelectric valve (282). The piezoelectric valve (282) is connected to the communicating pipe (270), and the wireless charging receiving module (281) is electrically connected to the piezoelectric valve (282). The triggering module (290) is a wireless charging transmitting module.

8. The workpiece loading and positioning device of a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a screening material supply assembly (400) located on one side of the feeding driving module (120). The feeding driving module (120) is used to drive the first clamping mechanism (130) to reciprocate between the screening material supply assembly (400) and the chuck assembly (300).

9. The workpiece loading and positioning device of a lathe according to claim 8, characterized in that, The feeding driving module (120) includes a first radial driving mechanism (121) and a first axial driving mechanism (122). The first clamping mechanism (130) is connected to the first axial driving mechanism (122), and the first axial driving mechanism (122) is connected to the first radial driving mechanism (121).

10. The workpiece loading and positioning device of a lathe according to claim 9, characterized in that, The screening material supply assembly (400) includes a vibrating screen (410), a feeding track (420), a second axial driving mechanism (430), a second radial driving mechanism (440), and a second clamping mechanism (450). The feeding track (420) is connected to the vibrating screen (410). The second axial driving mechanism (430) is connected with a push block (431). The second clamping mechanism (450) is connected to the second radial driving mechanism (440). The second axial driving mechanism (430) and the second radial driving mechanism (440) are respectively located on opposite sides of the feeding track (420).

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