A running device capable of passing through a railway switch, a system and a running method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a running device, system and running method thereof that can pass through railway switches, and belongs to the technical field of railway inspection equipment. In order to solve the problem that the existing track inspection trolley has poor passability and is easy to get stuck and derail in the switch area, the present invention adopts a T-shaped layout structure, and realizes smooth passage through the harmful space of the switch through the coordinated cooperation of the longitudinal beam tensioning wheel group, the transverse beam tensioning wheel group and the controllable retractable measuring wheel. The technical solution includes: a T-shaped frame composed of longitudinal beams and transverse beams; a running wheel and a guide wheel group installed on the frame; a measuring wheel and a spring guide rail controlled by a ratchet mechanism; and a horizontal compensation wheel and a gauge compensation wheel. The method includes four stages: normal running, locking before entering the switch, passing the switch and resetting. The present invention stabilizes the posture of the vehicle body by the tensioning wheel group and locks the position of the measuring wheel by the ratchet mechanism, effectively solving the technical problems of the traditional inspection trolley hitting the wheel, getting stuck and climbing the rail in the switch area, and significantly improving the efficiency and safety of switch inspection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a running device, a system and a method thereof, and in particular to a running device, a system and a running method thereof that can pass through a railway switch, and belongs to the field of railway track equipment application. Background Art

[0002] Railway turnouts are key equipment in the railway track system, used to guide trains from one track to another or to connect tracks at intersections. Their structure is complex and requires high reliability and safety. Turnouts primarily consist of a point rail, stock rail, switch, guard rail, slide bed, connecting rod, and other components. As one of the three weakest sections of track, turnouts frequently suffer from defects, primarily including horizontal gauge violations, poor track height, abnormal point rail reduction, and gauge violations in the switch throat area. Currently, turnouts are primarily inspected using manual measurement, which is labor-intensive, inefficient, produces crude test data, and results are not promptly fed back. This results in a low level of information management and places high demands on the professional expertise of inspectors.

[0003] At present, the main method of inspecting turnouts is manual measurement, which uses tools such as track gauges, support gauges, feeler gauges, and steel rulers to check the geometry and structural parameters of the turnout track. Manual inspection is labor-intensive, inefficient, and the inspection data is rough and the feedback of inspection results is not timely. The level of information management is low, and it also requires high professional quality of the inspectors.

[0004] Currently, most running structures that can pass through turnouts adopt an "H"-shaped layout structure. During running, the four running wheels contact the top surface of the rail. When the track itself is uneven, this layout structure is likely to cause a single running wheel to be suspended during the track geometry measurement in the turnout area, resulting in distortion of the rail level and height data measurement; in addition, the running wheels of the "H"-shaped layout structure are fixed with a lateral distance smaller than the standard track gauge, which is prone to serpentine motion when passing through the turnout area, resulting in inaccurate measurement of the track direction.

[0005] At present, the geometric status of rails is mainly detected by a "T"-shaped hand-push inspection trolley to dynamically detect the geometric dimensions and apparent status of the track in the switch area. It has the advantages of high comprehensive performance, high precision, fast detection speed, intelligence and high reliability. However, the current "T"-shaped hand-push track inspection trolley has poor passability in the switch section, and the measuring wheel may get stuck or derail in the switch area. It cannot pass through the harmful space of the switch smoothly and can only use auxiliary tooling to overlap and guide to pass through the harmful space of the switch. In addition, derailment is prone to occur in the switch point section, resulting in missing detection data, and it is impossible to fully and accurately reflect the track status of the switch area. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problem that the existing hand-pushed track inspection trolley cannot effectively pass through the switch in the switch area, the present invention proposes a running device that can pass through a single switch, that is, a T-type structure is selected as the layout structure of the whole vehicle, and by installing measuring wheels, guide wheels, ratchets, flexible connections and other devices, smooth passage through the switch area can be achieved.

[0007] A traveling device capable of passing through railway turnouts adopts a T-shaped structure as the overall vehicle layout. By collaboratively controlling a longitudinal beam tensioning wheel assembly, a transverse beam tensioning wheel assembly, and a controllable retractable measuring wheel, the device is ensured to smoothly pass through the hazardous space of the railway turnout. The device is characterized by:

[0008] The longitudinal beams and transverse beams are rigidly connected to form a T-shaped main frame;

[0009] The longitudinal beam tensioning wheel assembly fixed to the longitudinal beam and the cross beam tensioning wheel assembly installed on the cross beam are used to stabilize the vehicle body posture when passing through the turnout;

[0010] Measuring wheel connected to the crossbeam via a spring guide for dynamic detection of track gauge;

[0011] A locking mechanism for controlling the locking and releasing of the measuring wheel;

[0012] Horizontal compensation wheels and gauge compensation wheels installed on crossbeams or longitudinal beams are used to compensate for track deviation.

[0013] Preferably, the longitudinal beam running wheels are mounted on the bottom of the longitudinal beam and the running wheels are mounted on the bottom of the cross beam, for bearing the weight of the device and moving on the track;

[0014] The longitudinal beam guide wheel set installed at the end of the longitudinal beam is used to guide the direction of travel;

[0015] The locking mechanism, consisting of a wrench, a locking wheel shaft, a steel wire rope and a ratchet, is used to control the locking and releasing of the measuring wheel;

[0016] The running wheel is fixedly connected to the longitudinal beam and the cross beam, the guide wheel group is connected to the end of the longitudinal beam, the tensioning wheel group is fixedly connected to the longitudinal beam and the cross beam respectively, the measuring wheel is connected to the cross beam through the spring guide rail, the steel wire rope of the locking mechanism connects the locking wheel shaft and the spring guide rail, and the compensation wheel is connected to the cross beam or the longitudinal beam.

[0017] Preferably, the longitudinal beam and the transverse beam are connected by flange bolts; a laser indicator for locating the stock rail is provided on the outer side of the transverse beam tensioning wheel assembly. A laser indicator for locating the stock rail is provided on the outer side of the transverse beam tensioning wheel assembly.

[0018] Preferably, when the crossbeam is located on one side of the stock rail, the crossbeam tensioning wheel assembly presses the stock rail by manually tightening the bolts. After locking, the tensioning wheel assembly fits tightly against the outer rail head of the stock rail to guide the running direction of the running device. When the longitudinal beam is located on one side of the stock rail, the longitudinal beam tensioning wheel assembly presses the stock rail by manually tightening the bolts. After locking, the tensioning wheel assembly fits tightly against the outer rail head of the stock rail to guide the running direction of the running device.

[0019] Preferably, the horizontal compensation wheel is used to compensate for longitudinal track inclination, the gauge compensation wheel detects lateral gauge deviation, and the measuring wheel is responsible for dynamic gauge tracking. The three sets of data are transmitted to the control unit via the CAN bus, and the three sets of data are fused through the Kalman filter algorithm to output the comprehensive gauge value; the CAN bus transmission adopts the CAN2.0B protocol, the transmission rate is 250kbps, and the data update frequency is 1kHz.

[0020] Preferably, the longitudinal beam running wheel 2 is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal beam 4, and the running wheel 12 is installed at the bottom of the cross beam 7; the longitudinal beam adopts a 60×80mm rectangular steel pipe with a length of 1200mm; the cross beam 7 adopts a 50×70mm rectangular steel pipe with a length of 800mm, and the two are connected by flange bolts, and the overall structural stiffness is ≥500N / mm.

[0021] The present invention also discloses a method for traveling through a railway turnout, which is characterized by being implemented by using a T-shaped traveling device and comprising the following steps:

[0022] (1) Normal running stage:

[0023] The moving power is provided by the longitudinal beam running wheels and the running wheels rolling along the track;

[0024] The direction of travel is guided by the longitudinal beam guide wheel group;

[0025] The measuring wheel connected via a spring guide dynamically adapts to track gauge changes;

[0026] (2) Preparation stage before entering the harmful space of the turnout:

[0027] Manually lock the longitudinal beam tensioning wheel assembly or the cross beam tensioning wheel assembly on one side of the stock rail to make it close to the stock rail to stabilize the vehicle body posture;

[0028] Drive the ratchet wheel with a wrench to tighten the wire rope, so that the locking wheel shaft fixes the position of the spring guide rail and the measuring wheel;

[0029] (3) Passing the harmful space stage of the turnout:

[0030] The tensioning wheel group and the locking measuring wheel work together to maintain a stable running posture;

[0031] Real-time compensation of track gauge and horizontal deviation through horizontal compensation wheel and gauge compensation wheel;

[0032] (4) Reset phase after passing the turnout:

[0033] Unlocking the ratchet causes the measuring wheel to automatically reset;

[0034] Loosen the tensioning wheel assembly to restore it to a free state.

[0035] Preferably, the locking sequence is: first the crossbeam tensioning wheel assembly, then the longitudinal beam tensioning wheel assembly, and finally the measuring wheel; the unlocking sequence is the opposite; and the stock rail is positioned by a laser indicator on the outside of the crossbeam tensioning wheel assembly.

[0036] The present invention also discloses a railway turnout which is a railway track system. The system comprises the above-mentioned running device capable of passing through the railway turnout.

[0037] Beneficial effects

[0038] The coordinated action of the tensioning wheel set and the controllable measuring wheel can effectively avoid the problems of traditional inspection trolleys getting stuck or derailing in the switch area.

[0039] It adopts a mechanical locking mechanism (ratchet + wire rope), which is simple and reliable to operate and adapt to on-site operation needs.

[0040] The measuring wheel can be automatically reset to ensure the reliability, continuity and accuracy of track gauge detection.

[0041] The use of a tensioning wheel and a controllable retractable measuring wheel ensures that the "T"-shaped trolley can smoothly pass through the hazardous space in the turnout area. This allows the "T"-shaped trolley to pass through the turnout area more conveniently and quickly, avoiding the interruption of track inspection data in the turnout area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0043] Among them, 1 longitudinal beam tensioning wheel assembly; 2 longitudinal beam running wheel; 3 longitudinal beam guide wheel assembly; 4 longitudinal beam; 5 horizontal compensation wheel; 6 gauge compensation wheel; 7 crossbeam; 8 wrench; 9 locking wheel shaft; 10 spring guide rail; 11 measuring wheel; 12 running wheel; 13 crossbeam tensioning wheel assembly; 14 wire rope; 15 ratchet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A running gear capable of passing through a railway turnout comprises a longitudinal beam tensioning wheel assembly, a longitudinal beam running wheel, a longitudinal beam guide wheel assembly, a longitudinal beam, a horizontal compensating wheel, a gauge compensating wheel, a crossbeam, a wrench, a locking wheel shaft, a spring guide rail, a measuring wheel, a running wheel, a crossbeam tensioning wheel assembly, a wire rope, and a ratchet. The longitudinal beam and crossbeam are arranged in a "T" shape, forming the main framework of the running gear, supporting all components and ensuring structural stability to accommodate the complex track layout of the turnout section.

[0046] Running wheels (longitudinal beam running wheel 2, running wheel 12): Longitudinal beam running wheel 2 is installed at the bottom of longitudinal beam 4, and running wheel 12 is installed at the bottom of crossbeam 7. These running wheels bear the weight of the running gear and move on the track, providing basic running capacity. Longitudinal beam 4 is made of 60×80mm rectangular steel pipe, 1200mm long; crossbeam 7 is made of 50×70mm rectangular steel pipe, 800mm long. The two are connected by flange bolts, and the overall structural stiffness is ≥500N / mm.

[0047] The guide wheel group (longitudinal beam guide wheel group 3) is installed at the beam end of the longitudinal beam 4 and is used to guide the running device to move along the track direction to prevent derailment or deviation.

[0048] Tension wheel assembly (longitudinal beam tension wheel assembly 1, cross beam tension wheel assembly 13): longitudinal beam tension wheel assembly 1 is fixed to longitudinal beam 4, and cross beam tension wheel assembly 13 is installed on cross beam 7. When passing through the turnout, the tension wheel on the stock rail side is manually locked to stabilize the vehicle body posture and prevent roll.

[0049] The crossbeam tensioning wheel assembly is pressed against the base rail by manually tightening the bolts, and after locking, the wheel assembly fits tightly against the rail; a laser indicator is provided on the outside of the crossbeam tensioning wheel assembly 13, and when the red light coincides with the outer edge of the rail, the base rail is positioned correctly.

[0050] The measuring wheel 11 and the spring guide rail 10 are fixedly connected by bolts, and the spring guide rail 10 is retractable. Before passing through the harmful space of the turnout, the position is locked by a ratchet mechanism to prevent rebound. It can dynamically adapt to changes in track gauge. The spring guide rail 10 uses a stainless steel coil spring.

[0051] Ratchet mechanism (wrench 8, locking wheel shaft 9, wire rope 14, ratchet 15): Wrench 8 rotates ratchet 15, which drives locking wheel shaft 9 to tighten wire rope 14, controlling the extension and retraction of spring guide rail 10. Manually controlled retraction and resetting of measuring wheel 11 ensures smooth passage through hazardous spaces and automatic restoration of the detection state. A preloaded spring within spring guide rail 10 provides the reset force.

[0052] Compensation wheels (horizontal compensation wheel 5, gauge compensation wheel 6): Installed in auxiliary positions on crossbeam 7 or longitudinal beam 4, these wheels compensate for track level and gauge deviations, further ensuring the stability and accuracy of track geometry during travel. The horizontal compensation wheel 5 corrects longitudinal track tilt, while the gauge compensation wheel 6 and measuring wheel 11 coordinate to control transverse track gauge, with all three working in tandem.

[0053] The horizontal compensation wheel 5 detects longitudinal track inclination, the gauge compensation wheel 6 detects transverse track gauge deviation, and the measuring wheel 11 is responsible for dynamic track gauge tracking. These three sets of data are transmitted to the control unit via the CAN bus. The three sets of data are integrated using the Kalman filter algorithm to output the comprehensive track gauge deviation value. CAN bus transmission uses the CAN2.0B protocol, with a transmission rate of 250kbps and a data update frequency of 1kHz.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] The running method of the present invention is based on a "T"-shaped layout running method. By collaboratively controlling the longitudinal beam tensioning wheel assembly 1, the transverse beam tensioning wheel assembly 13, and the controllable retractable measuring wheel 11, the device is ensured to smoothly pass through the hazardous space of the railway turnout. The specific steps are as follows:

[0056] (1) Normal running stage

[0057] The longitudinal beam running wheels 2 and the running wheels 12 roll along the track to provide basic movement capability.

[0058] The longitudinal beam guide wheel group 3 guides the direction to prevent deviation or derailment.

[0059] The measuring wheel 11 dynamically adapts to the track gauge change under the action of the spring guide rail 10 to ensure smooth running.

[0060] (2) Preparation before entering the hazardous space of the turnout

[0061] Manual locking tension pulley assembly:

[0062] The operator manually adjusts the crossbeam tensioner assembly 13 to ensure it is in close contact with the stock rail, preventing lateral deflection of the running gear. Manually rotating bolts activate the clamping mechanism, ensuring a tight fit between the tensioner and the stock rail. Once tightened, the tensioner provides a lateral support force of ≥100N, preventing vehicle body roll. The locking sequence is: ① crossbeam tensioner assembly 13 → ② longitudinal beam tensioner assembly 1 → ③ measuring wheel 11; the unlocking sequence is the reverse. After the ratchet is unlocked, the spring guide rail resets within 1.5±0.3 seconds, with a reset position repeatability of ±0.2mm.

[0063] The longitudinal beam tensioning wheel group 1 applies tension synchronously to stabilize the vehicle body posture.

[0064] Locking the measuring wheel 11:

[0065] Rotate the wrench 8 to drive the ratchet 15 to drive the locking wheel shaft 9 to tighten the wire rope 14, so that the spring guide rail 10 and the measuring wheel 11 remain in a fixed position to avoid rebound or jamming.

[0066] (3) Passing through harmful space of turnout

[0067] After observing the switch marking (an RFID reader is installed at the front end of the longitudinal beam to identify the switch location tag), the operator stops advancing 0.2m from the hazardous space, sequentially locks the tensioning wheel assembly (first on crossbeam 7, then on longitudinal beam 4) and measuring wheel 11, confirms the locking state, and then passes through at a constant speed. After passing, the operator immediately unlocks the tensioning wheel assembly. The combined action of the tensioning wheel assembly and the locked measuring wheel ensures that the running gear maintains a stable position, preventing jolts or derailment caused by track gaps.

[0068] The horizontal compensation wheel 5 and the gauge compensation wheel 6 assist in the adjustment to further reduce vibration and deviation.

[0069] (4) Resetting after passing the switch.

[0070] Unlocking the ratchet 15 causes the wire rope 14 to slacken, and the spring guide 10 pushes the measuring wheel 11 back to its original position, resuming dynamic detection. The spring guide 10 utilizes a stainless steel coil spring and is rigidly connected to the measuring wheel 11 via bolts. As the track gauge changes, the spring guide compresses or expands, ensuring the measuring wheel maintains contact with the track. Before passing the switch, the ratchet 15 locks the wire rope 14, fixing the spring guide's length.

[0071] Loosen the crossbeam tensioning wheel set 13 to restore it to a free state, and the running device continues to run normally.

[0072] After testing, the device can pass stably on standard turnouts such as No. 9, No. 12, and No. 18, with a passing speed of up to 1m / s and a gauge detection error of less than 0.3mm.

[0073] Comparative tests show that the pass rate of traditional vehicles is only 65%, while the pass rate of this solution is 98%, and the completeness rate of detection data has increased from 72% to 95%.

[0074] The crossbeam, longitudinal beam, and running wheels of the present invention ensure that the running device can move on the track. The longitudinal beam guide wheel assembly is used to guide the running device in the direction of the running device, and the longitudinal beam guide wheel is installed at the end of the longitudinal beam. The spring guide rail and the measuring wheel are fixedly connected with bolts to ensure that the running device can move smoothly when the track gauge changes. The longitudinal beam tensioning wheel assembly is fixedly connected to the longitudinal beam. When passing through the switch section, the tensioning wheel on the stock rail side of the crossbeam tensioning wheel assembly can be manually locked to ensure the running posture of the vehicle body. Before the running device passes through the harmful space of the switch, the ratchet wheel is rotated by rotating the wrench, driving the locking wheel shaft, tightening the wire rope, preventing the spring guide rail and measuring wheel from rebounding, and ensuring that the running device can smoothly pass through the harmful space of the switch. After passing through the harmful space, the ratchet wheel is unlocked, and the measuring wheel automatically resets, allowing the running device to smoothly pass through the switch section.

[0075] The present invention has made technical innovations to solve the problem that the existing track inspection trolley cannot effectively pass through the turnout. The tensioning wheel + ratchet controllable retraction measuring wheel is used to ensure that the "T"-shaped layout trolley can smoothly pass through the harmful space in the turnout area, thereby ensuring the reliability and continuity of the track geometry measurement in the turnout area, and preventing the traditional track inspection trolley from colliding with the wheel, getting stuck in the wheel, and climbing the rail during the measurement process.

[0076] The present invention can be used as a carrier of turnout inspection equipment, which effectively solves the problem that the existing track inspection trolley cannot detect the track status of the turnout area, and ensures the rapid detection of the track geometric parameters and structural parameters of the turnout area. The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention will have various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the invention to be protected. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A traveling device capable of passing through railway turnouts, which adopts a T-shaped structure as the overall vehicle layout. By cooperatively controlling a longitudinal beam tensioning wheel assembly, a transverse beam tensioning wheel assembly, and a controllable retractable measuring wheel, the device is ensured to smoothly pass through the hazardous space of a railway turnout. The characteristics thereof are: The longitudinal beams and transverse beams are rigidly connected to form a T-shaped main frame; The longitudinal beam tensioning wheel assembly fixed to the longitudinal beam and the cross beam tensioning wheel assembly installed on the cross beam are used to stabilize the vehicle body posture when passing through the turnout; Measuring wheel connected to the crossbeam via a spring guide for dynamic detection of track gauge; A locking mechanism for controlling the locking and releasing of the measuring wheel; Horizontal compensation wheels and gauge compensation wheels installed on the crossbeam or longitudinal beam to compensate for track deviation; The longitudinal beam running wheels installed at the bottom of the longitudinal beam and the running wheels installed at the bottom of the cross beam are used to bear the weight of the device and move on the track; The longitudinal beam guide wheel set installed at the end of the longitudinal beam is used to guide the direction of travel; The locking mechanism, consisting of a wrench, a locking wheel shaft, a steel wire rope and a ratchet, is used to control the locking and releasing of the measuring wheel; The running wheel is fixedly connected to the longitudinal beam and the cross beam, the guide wheel group is connected to the end of the longitudinal beam, the tensioning wheel group is fixedly connected to the longitudinal beam and the cross beam respectively, the measuring wheel is connected to the cross beam through the spring guide rail, the wire rope of the locking mechanism connects the locking wheel shaft and the spring guide rail, and the compensation wheel is connected to the cross beam or the longitudinal beam; The crossbeam tensioning wheel assembly is pressed against the base rail by manually tightening the bolts, and after locking, the wheel assembly fits tightly against the base rail.

2. The running device capable of passing through a railway turnout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal beam and the cross beam are connected by flange bolts; a laser indicator for positioning the base rail is provided on the outer side of the cross beam tensioning wheel group.

3. The running device capable of passing through a railway turnout according to claim 1, characterized in that: A laser indicator is provided on the outside of the crossbeam tensioning wheel assembly. When the red light coincides with the outer edge of the track, it indicates the correct basic rail positioning position.

4. The running device capable of passing through a railway turnout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal compensation wheel is used to detect longitudinal track inclination, the gauge compensation wheel detects lateral gauge deviation, and the measuring wheel is responsible for dynamic gauge tracking. The three sets of data are transmitted to the control unit via the CAN bus. The three sets of data are fused using the Kalman filter algorithm to output the comprehensive gauge deviation value; the CAN bus transmission adopts the CAN2.0B protocol, with a transmission rate of 250kbps and a data update frequency of 100Hz.

5. The running device capable of passing through a railway turnout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal beam running wheel is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal beam, and the running wheel is installed at the bottom of the cross beam; the longitudinal beam adopts 60×80mm rectangular steel pipe with a length of 1200mm; the cross beam adopts 50×70mm rectangular steel pipe with a length of 800mm. The two are connected by flange bolts, and the overall structural stiffness is ≥500N / mm.

6. A method for traveling through a railway switch, the method being based on the traveling device for traveling through a railway switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The implementation of the T-type running gear includes the following steps: (1) Normal running stage: The moving power is provided by the longitudinal beam running wheels and the running wheels rolling along the track; The direction of travel is guided by the longitudinal beam guide wheel group; The measuring wheel connected via a spring guide dynamically adapts to track gauge changes; (2) Preparation stage before entering the harmful space of the turnout: Manually lock the crossbeam tensioning wheel assembly to make it close to the base rail; Synchronously lock the longitudinal beam tensioning wheel assembly to stabilize the vehicle body posture; Drive the ratchet wheel with a wrench to tighten the wire rope, so that the locking wheel shaft fixes the position of the spring guide rail and the measuring wheel; (3) Passing the harmful space stage of the turnout: The tensioning wheel group and the locking measuring wheel work together to maintain a stable running posture; Real-time compensation of track deviation through horizontal compensation wheels and gauge compensation wheels; (4) Reset phase after passing the turnout: Unlocking the ratchet causes the measuring wheel to automatically reset; Loosen the tensioning wheel assembly to restore it to a free state.

7. The traveling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking sequence in step (2) is: first the crossbeam tensioning wheel assembly, then the longitudinal beam tensioning wheel assembly, and finally the measuring wheel; the unlocking sequence is the opposite; the base rail is positioned by the laser indicator on the outside of the crossbeam tensioning wheel assembly.

8. The traveling method according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a safety monitoring step: the deformation of the longitudinal beam is monitored by strain gauges and an alarm is triggered when the threshold is exceeded.

9. A railway turnout type railway track system, comprising the running device capable of passing through a railway turnout according to claim 1.

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