A method of functional and reliability flight testing

Abstract

The application provides a method for functional and reliability flight test, comprising the following steps: determining a conversion coefficient according to a model development state and a test flight situation, and combining a test flight of a similar model to carry out a similarity analysis; determining a time of a special functional and reliability flight test according to the conversion coefficient; determining a test profile of the functional and reliability flight test according to a model purpose, and carrying out the functional and reliability flight test according to the test profile; and the test time determination method provided by the application is reasonable and effective, the flight profile covers various purposes, has strong operability, and can comprehensively examine the functions and reliability of a model under different environmental conditions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of flight test, and particularly relates to a method for functional and reliability flight test. BACKGROUND

[0002] The purpose of functional and reliability flight test is to check whether the system components and equipment of a type are reliable and functional.

[0003] However, the functional reliability flight test needs to reasonably determine the flight time of the special functional reliability flight test and the flight profile in accordance with the characteristics and technical maturity of the type.

[0004] In order to speed up the certification process, the type certification test time can be converted into the functional and reliability flight test time according to the suggestion of the airworthiness authority, but there is no specific and feasible method at present. In the past type certification process, the flight time of the special functional reliability flight test to be carried out is determined by the airworthiness authority and the design party according to the technical maturity of the type, and there is a lack of necessary analysis process and scientific basis, so that the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of the functional and reliability flight test cannot be guaranteed. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the application provides a method for functional and reliability flight test, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] According to the type development state and flight test situation, and in combination with the flight test of similar or same types, a similarity analysis is carried out to determine a conversion coefficient;

[0007] According to the conversion coefficient, the time of the special functional and reliability flight test is determined;

[0008] According to the purpose of the type, a test profile of the functional and reliability flight test is determined, and the functional and reliability flight test is carried out according to the test profile.

[0009] Preferably, the conversion coefficient is determined by the similarity analysis according to the type development state and flight test situation, and in combination with the flight test of similar or same types, and comprises:

[0010] According to the percentage of the flight time of the i-th profile in the type certification test in the total time of the type certification test, and the similarity coefficient of the i-th profile in the type certification test and the profile of the functional and reliability flight test, a first formula is used to determine the conversion coefficient.

[0011] Preferably, the first formula is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] wherein, This represents the percentage of the flight time of the i-th profile in the type certification test out of the total type certification test time. is the similarity coefficient between the i-th profile in the type certification test and the functional and reliability flight test profile; K is the conversion factor.

[0014] Preferably, The value range is 0 to 0.5.

[0015] Preferably, determining the duration of the specific functional and reliability flight tests based on the conversion factor includes:

[0016] Obtain the total time for type approval testing;

[0017] Based on the total time of the type certification tests and the conversion factor, the flight test time T, converted by incorporating the type certification test time, is determined using the second formula. 结合 ;

[0018] The flight test time T, calculated based on the type certification test time, is as follows. 结合 And the total flight test time T for functional and reliability tests 总 The third formula is used to determine the timing of the specific functional and reliability flight tests.

[0019] Preferably, the second formula is as follows:

[0020] .

[0021] Preferably, the third formula is as follows:

[0022] .

[0023] Preferably, the intended uses of the model include personnel / material transportation, police enforcement, medical rescue, scenic tourism, anti-riot and stability maintenance, and disaster relief.

[0024] The beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows:

[0025] The method for determining the test time for flight tests proposed in this application is reasonable and effective. The flight profile covers various applications and is highly operable, enabling comprehensive evaluation of the model's functionality and reliability under different environmental conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a daytime, long-distance, visual flight rule flight profile provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a daytime, short-range, visual flight rule flight profile provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a daytime, visual flight rule skipping flight profile provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a nighttime, short-range, visual flight rule flight profile provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] This application provides a method for functional and reliability flight testing, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0031] First, based on the development status and flight test results of the model, and in conjunction with the flight tests of similar models, a similarity analysis is conducted to determine the conversion factor;

[0032] The timing of functional and reliability flight tests is determined by conversion factors;

[0033] Then, based on the model's purpose, the test profile for functional and reliability flight tests is determined, and subsequent functional and reliability flight tests are carried out according to the profile.

[0034] Among them, based on the strict requirements of the airworthiness provisions for the flight test time of functional and reliability flight tests, and the diversity of the selection principles for the flight test time of functional and reliability flight tests, the flight test time consists of two parts: one part is the flight test time of the specific functional and reliability flight tests, and the other part is the flight test time converted in conjunction with the type qualification certification test time.

[0035]

[0036] Among them, for The conversion factor needs to be reasonably determined. It should be calculated according to the following algorithm based on the comparative analysis of the model qualification test profile and the actual use profile of the model.

[0037]

[0038] in: This represents the percentage of the flight time of the i-th profile in the type certification test out of the total type certification test time. It is the similarity coefficient between the i-th profile in the type certification test and the functional and reliability flight test profile, with a value ranging from 0 to 0.5.

[0039] To ensure the rigor of functional and reliability flight testing, The value cannot exceed 0.5. Even if the type certification test profile is completely consistent with the functional and reliability flight test profile, the 2-hour type certification test time can only be converted into 1 hour of functional and reliability flight test time.

[0040]

[0041] The function and reliability flight test time of the special item is: .

[0042] The test time determination method of the function and reliability flight test proposed in the application is reasonable and effective, the flight profile covers various use cases, and is highly operable, and can comprehensively examine the function and reliability of the model under different environmental conditions.

[0043] In a feasible implementation manner, as a light multipurpose helicopter, its use is diverse. In combination with current potential user research of the model, it is determined that there are currently four use scenarios as follows:

[0044] 1) Personnel / cargo transportation (including mineral exploration, power line patrol): the main use feature of the helicopter in this scenario is long-distance flight for a long time, and single take-off and landing. A daytime, long-distance, visual flight rule flight profile is established for this scenario, as shown in Figure 1 .

[0045] 2) Police law enforcement and medical rescue: the main use feature of the helicopter in this scenario is short-distance flight for a long time. A daytime, short-distance, visual flight rule flight profile is established for this scenario, as shown in Figure 2 .

[0046] 3) Scenic sightseeing: the main use feature of the helicopter in this scenario is short-time flight and frequent take-off and landing. A daytime, visual flight rule jump flight profile is established for this scenario, as shown in Figure 3 .

[0047] 4) Anti-violence and stability maintenance, rescue and disaster relief: the main use feature of the helicopter in this scenario is short-time emergency flight. A night, short-distance, visual flight rule flight profile is established for this scenario, as shown in Figure 4 .

[0048] The test time determination method of the function and reliability flight test proposed in the application is reasonable and effective, the flight profile covers various use cases, and is highly operable, and can comprehensively examine the function and reliability of the model under different environmental conditions.

[0049] In other embodiments of the application, a function and reliability flight test method is provided, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0050] The helicopter needs to carry out function and reliability flight test, according to CCAR21.35 (six), the flight test time is 150 hours, that is, T 总 = 150 hours.

[0051] Previously, the helicopter has completed 260 hours of type qualification test, mainly involving the following subjects, as shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1

[0053] Serial number Profile name Flight altitude Main content Flight time 1 Sensory flight 600～1000m Level flight, climb, descent, turn, variable speed flight, autorotation descent 25 2 Take-off and landing course flight 200m Radio communication and air observation, vertical take-off, speed increase, course establishment, visual speed reduction, descent, vertical landing, taxiing (ground hugging) 72 3 Hovering, take-off and landing course inspection Hovering: 2-10m take-off 200m Radio communication and air observation, vertical take-off, hovering, speed increase, course establishment, visual speed reduction, vertical landing, hovering, take-off and landing course deviation correction flight, air inspection of engine operation 23 4 Low-altitude take-off and landing course flight 100m Vertical take-off, speed increase, course establishment, visual speed reduction, vertical landing 20 5 Instrument airspace flight 600～1000m Climb, level flight, descent, circling (turning), variable speed flight, autorotation, partial instrument flight 25 6 Instrument approach and landing flight 400m Course establishment according to instrument indication, flight to and from navigation beacon, entry into landing course according to instrument indication and maintenance of glide along the landing course, accurate passage through the navigation beacon at the prescribed height, visual observation, landing 45 7 Heading (transferring) flight Above 600m Air navigation work procedure, use of navigation equipment, identification of landmarks, estimation of track, calculation of navigation parameters, on-time arrival, course establishment and landing 32 8 Instrument navigation (transferring) flight Above 600m Use of airborne navigation equipment to control track, track correction, flight to the intended parameters, on-time arrival, instrument approach and landing 18

[0054] According to the flight time of each flight profile and the total time of the type qualification test, the proportion of the flight time of each profile in the total time of the type qualification test is calculated, and according to the similarity degree of the flight profile and the function and reliability flight test profile, a similarity coefficient is determined, as shown in Table 2.

[0055] Table 2

[0056] Serial number Profile name Proportion of time of flight P i ]] Profile similarity coefficient C i ]]> P i ×C i ]]> 1 Sensory flight 0.096154 0.3 0.028846 2 Take-off and landing course flight 0.276923 0.3 0.083077 3 Hovering, take-off and landing course inspection 0.088462 0.1 0.008846 4 Low-altitude take-off and landing course flight 0.076923 0.3 0.023077 5 Instrument airspace flight 0.096154 0.2 0.019231 6 Instrument approach and landing flight 0.173077 0.2 0.034615 7 Heading (transferring) flight 0.123077 0.2 0.024615 8 Instrument navigation (transferring) flight 0.069231 0.2 0.013846

[0057] The conversion coefficient can be calculated from the above data = 0.236154.

[0058] Further, the test flight time after conversion of the type qualification test time is obtained = 260 * 0.236154 = 61.4 hours, rounded to 61 hours.

[0059] Therefore, the test flight time of the special function and reliability flight test is: = 150 - 61 = 89 hours.

[0060] Therefore, the type needs to carry out the special function and reliability flight test for 89 hours.

[0061] According to the determined function and reliability flight test profile and the main use scene of the helicopter, 89 hours are allocated to obtain the following results, as shown in Table 3.

[0062] Table 3

[0063] Profile serial number Flight profile name Flight time (hours) Total flight time (hours) 1 Daytime, long-distance, visual flight rules flight 2.0 x 15 flights 30 2 Daytime, short-distance, visual flight rules flight 1.0 x 10 flights 10 3 Daytime, visual flight rules hop flight 2.0 x 20 flights 40 4 Nighttime, short-distance, visual flight rules flight 1.0 x 9 flights 9 Total 89

[0064] The test time determination method of the function and reliability flight test proposed in the present application is reasonable and effective, the flight profile covers various use cases, has strong operability, and can comprehensively examine the function and reliability of the type under different environmental conditions.

[0065] This method of combining limited special function and reliability flight test with reliability information of type qualification test can demonstrate the compliance of CCAR21.35 (2) and (6) 2.

[0066] Such a verification method realizes resource sharing, reduces use and maintenance costs, reduces the consumption of helicopter service life, and at the same time, speeds up the verification speed.

[0067] Note that, in accordance with CCAR 21.35 (ii), the applicant shall conduct the flight tests prescribed by the office to determine whether, for an aircraft approved for airworthiness certification, the aircraft and its parts and appliances are reasonably assured of being reliable and functioning normally. In accordance with CCAR 21.35 (vi), the flight tests shall include, for all other aircraft, at least 150 hours of flight.

[0068] The aviation authority supports the proposal that the function and reliability outline time can be incorporated into the type certification test time in place of a dedicated F&R test. Historically, most rotorcraft type certification outlines have limited the credit of flight test time by requiring a minimum of 50 hours of dedicated F&R flight test. For those rotorcraft outlines involving new engine installations (mature engine design) or changes to the transmission / rotor system on a previously certified aircraft (type certificate change or supplemental type certificate), the credit of flight time is unlimited and the F&R test time is often short or even no dedicated F&R test is conducted. Non-function and reliability flight tests conducted in various locations and various environments can be accepted to confirm the function and reliability requirements in these conditions.

Claims

1. A method of functional and reliability flight testing, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: According to the type development state and test flight condition, and combining with the test flight of similar or same type, similarity analysis is carried out to determine the conversion coefficient; According to the conversion coefficient, the time of the special function and reliability flight test is determined; According to the type purpose, the test profile of the function and reliability flight test is determined, and the function and reliability flight test is carried out according to the test profile; According to the type development state and test flight condition, and combining with the test flight of similar or same type, similarity analysis is carried out to determine the conversion coefficient, comprising: According to the percentage of the flight time of the i-th profile in the type qualification test in the total time of the type qualification test, and the similarity coefficient between the i-th profile in the type qualification test and the profile of the function and reliability flight test, the first formula is used to determine the conversion coefficient; The first formula is as follows: wherein, is the percentage of the i-th profile flight time in the total type qualification test time; is the similarity coefficient of the i-th profile in the type qualification test and the profile of the function and reliability flight test; and K is the conversion coefficient.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, the value range of a is 0-0.

5.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, According to the conversion coefficient, the time of the special function and reliability flight test is determined, comprising: The total time of the type qualification test is obtained; According to the total time of the type qualification test and the conversion coefficient, the flight test time T after conversion of the type qualification test time is determined by using the second formula 结合 ; According to the time conversion of the combined type qualification test, the flight test time T 结合 , and the total flight test time T 总 , the time of the special function and reliability flight test is determined by the third formula.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The second formula is as follows: 。 5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The third formula is as follows: 。 6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The type purpose comprises personnel / cargo transportation, police law enforcement, medical rescue, scenic sightseeing, anti-violence and stability maintenance, and rescue and disaster relief.

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