Water quality purification system and method of ecological floating bed

Abstract

The invention provides a water quality purification system and method of an ecological floating bed. The water quality purification system comprises a floating water tank; the substrate pocket is arranged in the floating water tank, and purification plants and a culture substrate are arranged in the substrate pocket; the plant height sensor and the color sensor are arranged on the floating water tank; the first water inlet holes are formed in the floating water tank; the baffle is arranged on the back of the first water inlet hole, a second water inlet hole corresponding to the first water inlet hole in position is formed in the baffle, and the baffle moves upwards to enable the second water inlet hole and the first water inlet hole to be staggered, so that the sewage inlet amount is reduced; the drainage tank is arranged at the bottom of the floating water tank, fan blades are arranged at the drainage tank, and the fan blades increase the drainage amount of sewage by increasing the rotating speed to reduce the air pressure at the drainage tank. According to the invention, the water inlet amount and the water discharge amount of sewage can be accurately controlled according to the purification capability of the purification plants in different growth stages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of river water quality purification, and in particular to a water quality purification system and method for an ecological floating bed. Background Art

[0002] An ecological floating bed is a highly efficient artificial ecosystem, with aquatic plants as the main body, applying the principle of soilless cultivation technology, using polymer materials, etc. as carriers and substrates to establish a floating planting platform on the water surface. The plants on the floating bed can directly absorb and utilize nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, and a large number of microorganisms attached to the surface of the plant roots can decompose and transform the organic matter in the water body.

[0003] The plants on the ecological floating bed have a growth cycle, mainly including the germination period, growth period, flowering and fruiting period, and senescence period. Currently, the ecological floating bed will ignore the ability of plants to adapt to sewage in different growth stages, and the intake and discharge of sewage are inconvenient throughout the growth cycle of the plants. This will cause the concentration of sewage pollutants to be too high, resulting in the growth inhibition and poisoning death of plants in the germination period, and the accelerated death of plants in the senescence period, causing secondary pollution of the river course, with a relatively low water quality purification efficiency. The pollutant removal rate of the ecological floating bed is about 10%-30% to a large extent. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a water quality purification system and method for an ecological floating bed, which can accurately control the water inflow and drainage of sewage according to the purification ability of the purification plants in different growth stages, avoid the growth inhibition and even poisoning death of plants caused by too high concentration of sewage pollutants, and at the same time give full play to the purification effect of the purification plants.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A water quality purification system for an ecological floating bed, comprising:

[0006] A floating water tank;

[0007] A matrix pocket arranged in the floating water tank, and a purification plant and a cultivation matrix are arranged in the matrix pocket;

[0008] A plant height sensor and a color sensor arranged on the floating water tank;

[0009] At least one row of first water inlet holes arranged on the floating water tank;

[0010] A baffle arranged on the back of the first water inlet hole, and a second water inlet hole corresponding to the position of the first water inlet hole is arranged on the baffle. The baffle moves upward to displace the second water inlet hole from the first water inlet hole to reduce the sewage inflow;

[0011] A drainage trough is provided at the bottom of the floating water tank, and a fan blade is provided at the drainage trough. The fan blade reduces the air pressure at the drainage trough by increasing the rotation speed, thereby increasing the drainage volume of sewage;

[0012] A controller is used to receive plant height data of the purification plant detected by the plant height sensor and color data detected by the color sensor, and calculate the growth cycle stage of the purification plant based on the plant height data and color data, calculate the amount of sewage that can be purified based on the growth cycle stage of the purification plant, and calculate the displacement of the baffle and the rotation speed of the fan blade based on the sewage volume, control the working state of the baffle according to the displacement of the baffle, and control the working state of the fan blade according to the rotation speed of the fan blade.

[0013] Optionally, a top seat is provided on the top of the baffle, at least one set of support seats is provided on the floating water tank, an electric telescopic rod is vertically provided on the support seat, an output end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top seat, the electric telescopic rod is extended to drive the baffle to move upward, and the electric telescopic rod is electrically connected to the controller;

[0014] The controller controls the extension of the electric telescopic rod according to the displacement of the baffle.

[0015] Optionally, a drive motor is provided on the floating water tank, an output end of the drive motor is connected to the fan blades via a transmission shaft, and the drive motor is electrically connected to the controller;

[0016] Wherein, the controller controls the rotation speed of the drive motor according to the rotation speed of the fan blades.

[0017] Optionally, the water purification system may also include:

[0018] A water quality sensor is provided upstream of the ecological floating bed, wherein the water quality sensor and the controller are communicatively connected with the remote mobile terminal;

[0019] In which, the controller receives the pollutant concentration data detected by the water quality sensor transmitted by the remote mobile terminal, and calculates the displacement adjustment data of the baffle displacement and the speed adjustment data of the fan blade according to the pollutant concentration data, controls the working state of the baffle according to the displacement adjustment data, and controls the working state of the fan blade according to the speed adjustment data.

[0020] The present invention also provides a water purification method for an ecological floating bed, which is applied to the water purification system of the ecological floating bed as described above, comprising:

[0021] Acquire plant height data of the purification plant detected by the plant height sensor and color data of the purification plant detected by the color sensor;

[0022] Calculate the growth cycle stage of the purification plant based on the plant height data and color data;

[0023] Calculate the amount of sewage that can be purified based on the growth cycle stage of the purification plant;

[0024] Calculate the displacement of the baffle and the rotation speed of the fan blade based on the amount of sewage;

[0025] Control the working state of the baffle according to the displacement of the baffle, and control the working state of the fan blade according to the rotation speed of the fan blade.

[0026] Optionally, the calculating the growth cycle stage of the purification plant based on the plant height data and color data includes:

[0027] According to S i = Wh / (|h - H i | + n) + Wc / (|c - C i | + n) to obtain the similarity between the detected plant height data and color data and each growth cycle stage,

[0028] where S i is the similarity between the detected plant height data and color data and each growth cycle stage, Wh is the weight coefficient of plant height, Wc is the weight coefficient of color, Wh + Wc = 1, h is the detected plant height data, c is the detected color data, H i is the average plant height within each growth cycle stage, C i is the average color eigenvalue within each growth cycle stage, i is the index variable of each growth cycle stage, and n is a positive parameter value to ensure that the denominator is not zero;

[0029] According to S = max(S1, S2,..., S i ) to obtain the growth cycle stage of the purification plant, that is, the value of i,

[0030] where S is the maximum value of the similarity between the detected plant height data and color data and each growth cycle stage.

[0031] Optionally, the calculating the amount of sewage that can be purified based on the growth cycle stage of the purification plant includes:

[0032] According to V = k * q i * h * t to obtain the amount of sewage that can be purified,

[0033] where V is the amount of sewage that can be purified, k is the correction coefficient, q i is the average net water volume per unit plant height within each growth cycle stage, and t is the unit time.

[0034] Optionally, calculating the displacement of the baffle and the rotational speed of the fan blades based on the sewage volume includes:

[0035] Based on Q in = V / t to obtain the expected influent flow rate,

[0036] where Q in is the expected influent flow rate;

[0037] Based on x = [πr(1 - Q in / Q0)] / 2 to obtain the displacement of the baffle,

[0038] where x is the displacement of the baffle, r is the radius of the first water inlet hole and the second water inlet hole, the first water inlet hole and the second water inlet hole are circular, and Q0 is the influent flow rate when the baffle is not moved;

[0039] Based on Q out = V / t to obtain the expected drainage flow rate,

[0040] where Q out is the expected drainage flow rate;

[0041] Based on n = (Q out *n0) / Q out0 to obtain the rotational speed of the fan blades,

[0042] where n is the rotational speed of the fan blades, n0 is the rotational speed of the fan blades when the baffle is not moved, and Q out0 is the drainage flow rate when the baffle is not moved.

[0043] Optionally, this water quality purification method further includes:

[0044] Obtaining the pollutant concentration data of the upstream of the ecological floating bed detected by the water quality sensor;

[0045] Calculating the displacement adjustment data of the baffle displacement and the rotational speed adjustment data of the fan blade rotational speed according to the pollutant concentration data;

[0046] Controlling the working state of the baffle according to the displacement adjustment data, and controlling the working state of the fan blades according to the rotational speed adjustment data.

[0047] Optionally, calculating the displacement adjustment data of the baffle displacement and the rotational speed adjustment data of the fan blade rotational speed according to the pollutant concentration data includes:

[0048] Based on Δx = [πr(Q in0 / Q0 - Q t / Q0)] / 2 to obtain the displacement adjustment data of the baffle,

[0049] where Δx is the displacement adjustment data of the baffle, Q in0 is the influent flow rate before adjustment, Qt is the expected influent flow rate corresponding to the pollutant concentration data;

[0050] According to Δn = (Q n *n0) / Q out0 the rotational speed adjustment data of the fan blades is obtained,

[0051] where Δn is the rotational speed adjustment data of the fan blades, and Q n is the difference between the expected effluent flow rate and the current effluent flow rate corresponding to the pollutant concentration data.

[0052] The above solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0053] In the above solution of the present invention, the present invention obtains the plant height data of the purification plant through the plant height sensor and the color data of the purification plant through the color sensor, and then accurately judges the growth cycle stage of the plant. Based on this, the amount of sewage that can be purified can be calculated according to the purification ability of the plant in different growth stages, and then the displacement of the baffle and the rotational speed of the fan blades are adjusted accordingly to accurately control the influent and effluent volumes of the sewage. For example, in the germination period of the plant, due to its weak purification ability, the system will reduce the influent volume of the sewage to avoid the inhibition or even poisoning and death of the plant growth caused by the excessive concentration of sewage pollutants; while in the growth period of the plant, when the purification ability is strong, the influent volume of the sewage is appropriately increased to give full play to the purification effect of the plant.

[0054] Dynamically adjusting the sewage volume according to the plant growth stage can effectively avoid the occurrence of this situation. When the plant is in the senescence period, the system will reduce the influent volume of the sewage, reduce the purification load of the plant, delay the senescence and death of the plant, thereby reducing the secondary pollution caused by the death of the plant and maintaining the stability of the river water quality.

[0055] By accurately matching the plant growth stage with the sewage volume, the system can give full play to the purification potential of the plant in different growth stages. It avoids the problem that the purification ability of the plant cannot be fully exerted due to inappropriate sewage volume, thereby improving the water purification efficiency of the entire ecological floating bed.

[0056] Using the controller to realize the intelligent control of each component, automatically calculating and adjusting the baffle displacement and the fan blade rotational speed according to the detection data, without frequent manual intervention, the operation is more convenient and efficient, and can respond in a timely manner to the changes in the plant growth stage and the sewage situation, ensuring the stable operation of the system and the best purification effect.

[0057] Reasonably controlling the sewage volume and reducing the adverse effects on the plant not only helps the healthy growth of the plant, but also prolongs the overall service life of the ecological floating bed. It avoids the situation of frequent replacement of plants or maintenance of the floating bed due to premature death or damage of the plants, reducing the operation cost and the maintenance workload. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0058] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the water purification system of the ecological floating bed of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the floating water tank of the water purification system of the ecological floating bed of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the baffle of the water purification system of the ecological floating bed of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 4 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the floating water tank and the baffle of the water purification system of the ecological floating bed of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the water purification method of the ecological floating bed of the present invention.

[0063] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0064] 1, purification plant; 2, drive motor; 3, transmission shaft; 4, fan blade; 5, drain groove; 6, substrate pocket; 7, cultivation substrate; 8, floating water tank; 9, plant height sensor; 10, color sensor; 11, first water inlet hole; 12, support seat; 13, electric telescopic rod; 14, baffle; 15, second water inlet hole; 16, top seat. Detailed Embodiments

[0065] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present invention can be completely conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0066] As Figures 1 - 4 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a water purification system for an ecological floating bed, including:

[0067] a floating water tank 8;

[0068] a substrate pocket 6 provided in the floating water tank 8, and a purification plant 1 and a cultivation substrate 7 are provided in the substrate pocket 6;

[0069] a plant height sensor 9 and a color sensor 10 provided on the floating water tank 8;

[0070] at least one row of first water inlet holes 11 provided on the floating water tank 8;

[0071] A baffle plate 14 is arranged at the back of the first water inlet hole 11. A second water inlet hole 15 corresponding to the position of the first water inlet hole 11 is provided on the baffle plate 14. The baffle plate 14 is moved upward to displace the second water inlet hole 15 from the first water inlet hole 11, reducing the amount of sewage entering;

[0072] A drainage groove 5 is arranged at the bottom of the floating water tank 8. A fan blade 4 is provided at the drainage groove 5. The fan blade 4 reduces the air pressure at the drainage groove 5 by increasing the rotation speed, increasing the drainage volume of sewage;

[0073] A controller is used to receive the plant height data of the purification plant 1 detected by the plant height sensor 9 and the color data detected by the color sensor 10, calculate the growth cycle stage of the purification plant 1 based on the plant height data and the color data, calculate the amount of sewage that can be purified based on the growth cycle stage of the purification plant 1, calculate the displacement of the baffle plate 14 and the rotation speed of the fan blade 4 based on the amount of sewage, control the working state of the baffle plate 14 according to the displacement of the baffle plate 14, and control the working state of the fan blade 4 according to the rotation speed of the fan blade 4.

[0074] In the present invention, the plant height data of the purification plant 1 is obtained through the plant height sensor 9, and the color data of the purification plant 1 is obtained through the color sensor 10, thereby accurately judging the growth cycle stage of the plant. Based on this, the amount of sewage that can be purified and matched can be calculated according to the purification ability of the plant in different growth stages, and then the displacement of the baffle plate 14 and the rotation speed of the fan blade 4 are adjusted accordingly, precisely controlling the water inflow and drainage volume of sewage. For example, in the germination period of the plant, since its purification ability is weak, the system will reduce the water inflow of sewage to avoid the inhibition or even poisoning and death of plant growth due to too high concentration of sewage pollutants; while in the growth period of the plant, when the purification ability is strong, the water inflow of sewage is appropriately increased to give full play to the purification effect of the plant.

[0075] Dynamically adjusting the amount of sewage according to the plant growth stage can effectively avoid the occurrence of this situation. When the plant is in the senescence period, the system will reduce the water inflow of sewage, reduce the purification load of the plant, delay the senescence and death of the plant, thereby reducing the secondary pollution caused by plant death and maintaining the stability of the river water quality.

[0076] By precisely matching the plant growth stage and the amount of sewage, the system can give full play to the purification potential of the plant in different growth stages. It avoids the problem that the purification ability of the plant cannot be fully exerted due to inappropriate amount of sewage, thereby improving the water purification efficiency of the entire ecological floating bed.

[0077] The controller is used to realize intelligent control of each component, and the displacement of the baffle 14 and the rotation speed of the fan blade 4 are automatically calculated and adjusted according to the detection data. No frequent manual intervention is required, the operation is more convenient and efficient, and it can respond to changes in the plant growth stage and sewage conditions in a timely manner, ensuring the stable operation of the system and the best purification effect.

[0078] Properly controlling wastewater volume and minimizing adverse effects on plants not only contributes to healthy plant growth but also extends the overall lifespan of the ecological floating bed. This avoids the need for frequent plant replacement or bed repairs due to premature plant death or damage, reducing operating costs and maintenance workload.

[0079] like Figures 2 - 4 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, a top seat 16 is provided on the top of the baffle 14, and at least one set of support seats 12 is provided on the floating water tank 8. An electric telescopic rod 13 is vertically provided on the support seat 12. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 13 is fixedly connected to the top seat 16. The extension of the electric telescopic rod 13 drives the baffle 14 to move upward. The electric telescopic rod 13 is electrically connected to the controller.

[0080] The controller controls the extension of the electric telescopic rod 13 according to the displacement of the baffle 14 .

[0081] In this example, the electrical connection between the controller and the electric telescopic rod 13 allows precise control of the extension of the electric telescopic rod 13, and thus the upward displacement of the baffle 14, based on the system's calculations. The misalignment between the first and second water inlet holes 11, 15 can be precisely adjusted based on the growth cycle of the purification plant 1 and the actual sewage conditions. This allows precise control of the amount of sewage entering the floating water tank 8, providing the purification plant 1 with an optimal sewage environment and ensuring its effective water purification performance at all growth stages.

[0082] The provision of at least one set of support bases 12 and electrically operated telescopic rods 13 allows for greater flexibility in the movement of baffles 14. The number and position of support bases 12 and electrically operated telescopic rods 13 can be adjusted based on the size and shape of the floating water tank 8, as well as practical needs, to meet the requirements for controlling the movement of baffles 14 in various situations. This flexibility and adaptability make the ecological floating bed water purification system suitable for a variety of water environments of varying types and sizes, offering a wide range of applications.

[0083] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a driving motor 2 is provided on the floating water tank 8, an output end of the driving motor 2 is connected to the fan blades 4 via a transmission shaft 3, and the driving motor 2 is electrically connected to the controller;

[0084] The controller controls the rotation speed of the drive motor 2 according to the rotation speed of the fan blades 4 .

[0085] In this example, the system's calculations precisely control the speed of the drive motor 2, which in turn precisely adjusts the speed of the fan blades 4. The speed of the fan blades 4 determines the pressure change in the drainage trough 5, thereby precisely controlling the amount of wastewater discharged. This system provides the appropriate amount of water discharge based on the growth stage of the purification plants 1 and the actual condition of the wastewater, ensuring that the wastewater within the ecological floating bed is optimally refreshed and purified.

[0086] The drive motor 2 is connected to the fan blades 4 via a transmission shaft 3, providing stable and reliable power output to the fan blades 4. The drive motor 2 has excellent power performance and stability, ensuring the normal operation of the fan blades 4 under various operating conditions and ensuring the smooth implementation of the drainage function. This helps maintain the balance and stability of the entire ecological floating bed water purification system, improves the system's adaptability to varying water quality and water quantity conditions, and enhances the system's overall purification effectiveness and operational reliability.

[0087] The controller flexibly adjusts the speed of drive motor 2, and thus the speed of fan blades 4, to accommodate varying sewage purification needs. Whether increasing drainage volume is required to treat high-concentration sewage or reducing drainage volume during specific plant growth stages, this can be achieved by adjusting the speed of drive motor 2. This enables the ecological floating bed to better cope with various complex water environments and purification tasks, expanding its scope and applicable scenarios.

[0088] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the water purification system further comprises:

[0089] A water quality sensor is provided upstream of the ecological floating bed, wherein the water quality sensor and the controller are communicatively connected with the remote mobile terminal;

[0090] In which, the controller receives the pollutant concentration data detected by the water quality sensor transmitted by the remote mobile terminal, and calculates the displacement adjustment data of the baffle 14 and the speed adjustment data of the fan blade 4 based on the pollutant concentration data, controls the working state of the baffle 14 according to the displacement adjustment data, and controls the working state of the fan blade 4 according to the speed adjustment data.

[0091] In this example, the water quality sensor monitors the pollutant concentration data upstream of the ecological floating bed in real time, and the controller accurately calculates the adjustment data for the displacement of the baffle 14 and the rotation speed of the fan blade 4 based on this data. The system can dynamically adjust the inflow and outflow of sewage according to the actual pollution degree of the sewage. For example, when the pollutant concentration of the upstream sewage suddenly increases, the controller can quickly calculate and increase the displacement of the baffle 14 through the controller to reduce the sewage inflow, and at the same time increase the rotation speed of the fan blade 4 to accelerate the discharge and purification of the sewage that has entered, avoiding the impact of high-concentration sewage on the purification plant 1 and ensuring that the ecological floating bed is always in the best purification state.

[0092] The water quality sensor monitors the pollutant concentration upstream of the ecological floating bed in real time to ensure that the system can obtain water quality change information in the first time. Once the change in pollutant concentration is detected, the controller can quickly respond, calculate and adjust the displacement of the baffle 14 and the rotation speed of the fan blade 4, so that the ecological floating bed can adapt to the new water quality condition in time.

[0093] Dynamically adjust the inflow and outflow of sewage according to the actual pollution degree to make the amount of sewage in the ecological floating bed match the purification capacity of the purification plant 1. When the pollutant concentration is low, appropriately increase the sewage inflow to make full use of the purification potential of the plants; when the pollutant concentration is high, reduce the inflow and accelerate the discharge of the treated sewage to improve the purification efficiency and ensure the effective improvement of water quality.

[0094] As Figure 5 shown, the present invention also provides a water quality purification method for an ecological floating bed, including:

[0095] Step 11, obtaining the plant height data of the purification plant 1 detected by the plant height sensor 9 and the color data of the purification plant 1 detected by the color sensor 10;

[0096] Step 12, calculating the growth cycle stage of the purification plant 1 according to the plant height data and the color data;

[0097] Step 13, calculating the amount of sewage that can be purified according to the growth cycle stage of the purification plant 1;

[0098] Step 14, calculating the displacement of the baffle 14 and the rotation speed of the fan blade 4 according to the amount of sewage;

[0099] Step 15, controlling the working state of the baffle 14 according to the displacement of the baffle 14, and controlling the working state of the fan blade 4 according to the rotation speed of the fan blade 4.

[0100] This water purification method works in collaboration with the plant height sensor 9 and the color sensor 10 to detect the plant height and color data of the purification plant 1 in real time and with high precision. These data are then transmitted to the controller, which, based on a specific algorithm, accurately calculates the growth cycle stage of the purification plant 1. Since the purification capabilities of plants vary at different growth stages, for example, plants are relatively fragile during the germination stage and have limited purification capabilities, while the vigorous growth stage has stronger purification potential. Based on the growth cycle stage, the controller further calculates the amount of sewage that the plant can purify, and then determines the displacement of the baffle 14 and the rotation speed of the fan blade 4 according to the amount of sewage. This process achieves an accurate matching between the amount of sewage and the plant's purification ability, avoiding damage to plants in the germination or senescence stage caused by excessive sewage volume, improving the plant survival rate and health, and also preventing waste of the plant's purification ability due to too small sewage volume, thus optimizing resource utilization. Finally, the controller precisely controls the baffle 14 and the fan blade 4 according to the calculated displacement of the baffle 14 and the rotation speed of the fan blade 4, enabling the ecological floating bed to be in the best operating state. The entire process realizes intelligent and automated control, greatly improving the operation convenience and efficiency, and reducing manual intervention.

[0101] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, in step 12, the calculating the growth cycle stage of the purification plant 1 based on the plant height data and the color data includes:

[0102] According to S i = Wh / (|h - H i | + n) + Wc / (|c - C i | + n) to obtain the similarity between the detected plant height data and color data and each growth cycle stage,

[0103] where S i is the similarity between the detected plant height data and color data and each growth cycle stage, Wh is the weight coefficient of the plant height, Wc is the weight coefficient of the color, Wh + Wc = 1, h is the detected plant height data, c is the detected color data, H i is the average plant height within each growth cycle stage, C i is the average color characteristic value within each growth cycle stage, i is the index variable of each growth cycle stage, and n is a positive parameter value to ensure that the denominator is not zero;

[0104] According to S = max(S1, S2,..., S i ) to obtain the growth cycle stage of the purification plant 1, that is, the value of i,

[0105] where S is the highest similarity value between the detected plant height data and color data and each growth cycle stage.

[0106] In this example, by comprehensively considering the plant height data and color data and assigning weight coefficients to each of them, the growth state of the purification plant 1 can be comprehensively and meticulously reflected. Plant height is an intuitive manifestation of plant growth, while color changes can reflect the physiological state and nutritional status of the plant. For example, when the leaf color changes from light green to dark green, it often means that the plant has entered a more mature stage from the rapid growth stage. This multi-dimensional data fusion calculation method can more accurately determine the growth cycle stage of the plant compared to single-index judgment, avoiding misjudgment.

[0107] For different types of purification plants 1, the weight coefficients of plant height and color can be flexibly adjusted. During the growth process of different plants, the indication effects of plant height and color changes on their growth stages are different.

[0108] Introducing a positive parameter value ensures that the denominator is not zero. This design enhances the stability and reliability of the formula in mathematical operations. No matter how close the detected plant height data is to the average plant height within the stage, or how close the detected color data is to the average color characteristic value within the stage, it can ensure the normal calculation of the formula, avoid calculation errors caused by a zero denominator, and make the similarity calculation result accurate and reliable.

[0109] Accurately determining the growth cycle stage of the purification plant 1 provides a solid foundation for subsequent key operations such as calculating the amount of sewage that can be purified, determining the displacement of the baffle 14, and the rotation speed of the fan blade 4. Only by precisely mastering the plant growth stage can the sewage volume and plant purification ability be reasonably matched, realizing the efficient operation of the ecological floating bed, improving the water quality purification effect, reducing the adverse effects on the plants, and ensuring the stability and sustainability of the entire ecological floating bed system.

[0110] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, in step 13, calculating the amount of sewage that can be purified according to the growth cycle stage of the purification plant 1 includes:

[0111] According to V = k * q i * h * t to obtain the amount of sewage that can be purified,

[0112] where V is the amount of sewage that can be purified, k is a correction coefficient, and q i is the average net water volume per unit plant height within each growth cycle stage, and t is the unit time.

[0113] In this example, the average net water volume per unit plant height at each growth cycle stage is introduced. For plants in different growth cycle stages, there are significant differences in their physiological activities and purification capabilities. For example, during the vigorous growth period, the plant roots are well-developed, the metabolism is fast, and the average net water volume per unit plant height is relatively high; while in the senescence period, the physiological functions of the plant decline, and the value decreases accordingly. By combining the [parameters] of different stages to calculate the sewage purification volume, it can accurately reflect the actual purification level of the plant at the current growth stage, avoiding overestimating or underestimating the purification ability of the plant.

[0114] The correction coefficient comprehensively considers the influence of various environmental factors on the purification ability of plants. Environmental conditions such as water quality, light, temperature, and water body pH will all change the purification effect of plants on sewage. For example, in an environment with good water quality, sufficient light, and appropriate temperature, the purification ability of plants is enhanced, and the value is close to 1; conversely, if the environment is harsh, the value will decrease. By adjusting the calculation results, the calculated sewage purification volume can be made more in line with the actual situation.

[0115] Accurately calculating the amount of sewage that can be purified helps the ecological floating bed system reasonably regulate the inflow of sewage according to the purification ability of plants. Avoiding the situation where the amount of sewage is too much exceeding the purification load of plants, resulting in poor water quality purification effect, or the amount of sewage is too little causing waste of the purification ability of plants. Ensuring that the ecological floating bed can efficiently purify sewage while maintaining the healthy growth of plants and improving the operation efficiency and stability of the entire system.

[0116] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, in step 14, calculating the displacement of baffle 14 and the rotation speed of fan blade 4 according to the sewage volume includes:

[0117] According to Q in =V / t to obtain the expected influent flow rate,

[0118] where Q in is the expected influent flow rate;

[0119] According to x = [πr(1 - Q in / Q0)] / 2 to obtain the displacement of baffle 14,

[0120] where x is the displacement of baffle 14, r is the radius of the first water inlet hole 11 and the second water inlet hole 15. The first water inlet hole 11 and the second water inlet hole 15 are circular, and Q0 is the influent flow rate when baffle 14 does not move;

[0121] According to Q out =V / t to obtain the expected effluent flow rate,

[0122] where Q out is the expected effluent flow rate;

[0123] According to n = (Q out *n0) / Q It should be noted that there are some parts in the original text that seem to be incomplete or have unclear notations (such as "[parameters]" in the translation of ID=0), but the translation is carried out based on the existing content as accurately as possible.out0 Get the rotation speed of fan blade 4,

[0124] Where n is the rotation speed of the fan blade 4, n0 is the rotation speed of the fan blade 4 when the baffle 14 is not moving, Q out0 It is the drainage flow rate when the baffle 14 does not move.

[0125] In this example, the ecological floating bed can accurately control the water inlet according to the actual amount of sewage that can be treated by the purification plant 1, avoiding insufficient sewage purification due to excessive water inlet exceeding the purification capacity of the plant, and preventing the waste of the purification capacity of the plant due to insufficient water inlet, thereby achieving a precise match between the sewage inflow and the purification capacity of the plant.

[0126] It can ensure that the treated sewage can be discharged in a timely and efficient manner, maintain the dynamic balance of sewage in the ecological floating bed, and create good conditions for plants to continuously purify sewage.

[0127] Precise control of inlet and outlet flow rates helps maintain a stable internal environment within the ecological floating bed. Appropriate inlet flow rates provide plants with sufficient nutrients and wastewater to be purified, while appropriate outlet flow rates promptly remove purified water and metabolic products, ensuring that plants maintain an optimal growth and purification environment. This improves plant purification efficiency and enhances the water purification capacity of the entire ecological floating bed.

[0128] This prevents the adverse effects on plants caused by improper water inflow or drainage. For example, excessive water inflow can cause oxygen deprivation in plant roots, affecting their growth and purification capabilities; while poor drainage can lead to the accumulation of harmful substances, which can be toxic to plants. By precisely controlling the displacement of the baffle 14 and the speed of the fan blades 4, a healthy growth environment is created for plants, indirectly improving water purification effectiveness.

[0129] When the baffle 14 is not moved, the water flow rate is Q0. At this time, the first water inlet 11 and the second water inlet 15 are completely aligned, and the water flow area is the largest. When the water flow rate needs to be adjusted, the baffle 14 moves upward to offset the two water inlets, thereby changing the water flow area. The first water inlet 11 and the second water inlet 15 are circular with a radius of r. Then the total area of the water inlet holes is πr 2 When the expected inlet flow rate becomes Q in The water flow area is proportional to the water flow rate k = Q in / Q0. The actual required flow area is kπr 2 Through geometric relationships, it can be deduced that the displacement of the baffle 14 is related to the change in the flow area. After a series of derivations, we can obtain x = [πr(1-Q in / Q0)] / 2.

[0130] The fan blade 4 rotates to reduce the air pressure at the drain trough 5, thereby increasing the drainage volume of the sewage. When the baffle 14 is not moved, the rotation speed of the fan blade 4 is n0, and the drainage flow rate is Q out0 . There is a linear relationship between the rotation speed of the fan blade 4 and the drainage flow rate, that is, the drainage flow rate is proportional to the rotation speed of the fan blade 4. When the expected drainage flow rate becomes Q out , according to the proportional relationship, n = (Q out *n0) / Q out0 .

[0131] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the water purification method further includes:

[0132] Step 101, obtaining the pollutant concentration data of the upstream of the ecological floating bed detected by the water quality sensor;

[0133] Step 102, calculating the displacement adjustment data of the baffle 14 and the rotation speed adjustment data of the fan blade 4 according to the pollutant concentration data;

[0134] Step 103, controlling the working state of the baffle 14 according to the displacement adjustment data, and controlling the working state of the fan blade 4 according to the rotation speed adjustment data.

[0135] The water purification method can detect the pollutant concentration data of the upstream of the ecological floating bed in real time through the water quality sensor, and can timely capture the dynamic changes of the water quality. Once the upstream pollutant concentration increases or decreases, the mobile terminal can quickly calculate the adjustment data of the displacement of the baffle 14 and the rotation speed of the fan blade 4 according to these data, and control the baffle 14 and the fan blade 4 to work through the controller.

[0136] By adjusting the working states of the baffle 14 and the fan blade 4 in real time according to the pollutant concentration, the inflow and outflow of the sewage can be more reasonably controlled, ensuring that the purification plants 1 in the ecological floating bed can fully exert their purification capabilities under different water quality conditions. It avoids the problem of low purification efficiency caused by the mismatch between the sewage volume and the pollutant concentration.

[0137] The regulation mechanism based on the real-time pollutant concentration data enables the ecological floating bed system to better adapt to different water body environments and water quality fluctuations. Whether facing seasonal water quality changes, industrial wastewater discharge fluctuations or other sudden water pollution events, the system can maintain stable operation by timely adjusting the parameters of the baffle 14 and the fan blade 4. It reduces the adverse effects on the purification plants 1 caused by water quality changes, helps to extend the service life of the plants, and further enhances the stability and reliability of the entire ecological floating bed system.

[0138] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, in step 102, calculating the displacement adjustment data of the baffle 14 and the rotation speed adjustment data of the fan blade 4 according to the pollutant concentration data includes:

[0139] According to [πr(Q in0 / Q0 - Q t / Q0)] / 2 to obtain the displacement adjustment data of the baffle 14,

[0140] where Δx is the displacement adjustment data of the baffle 14, Q in0 is the influent flow rate before adjustment, Q t is the expected influent flow rate corresponding to the pollutant concentration data;

[0141] According to Δn = (Q n *n0) / Q out0 to obtain the rotational speed adjustment data of the fan blade 4,

[0142] where Δn is the rotational speed adjustment data of the fan blade 4, Q n is the difference between the expected effluent flow rate and the current effluent flow rate corresponding to the pollutant concentration data.

[0143] In this example, by calculating the displacement adjustment data of the baffle 14, the system can dynamically adjust the sewage inflow volume according to the upstream pollutant concentration. When the pollutant concentration increases, the expected influent flow rate decreases, and the displacement adjustment data increases. The baffle 14 moves upward to increase the misalignment degree between the first water inlet hole 11 and the second water inlet hole 15, reducing the sewage inflow and avoiding the impact of high - concentration sewage on the purification plant 1; conversely, when the pollutant concentration decreases, the influent flow rate can be appropriately increased to make full use of the purification capacity of the purification plant 1.

[0144] Calculating the rotational speed adjustment data of the fan blade 4 according to the pollutant concentration data can enable the system to accurately control the drainage speed. When the pollutant concentration is relatively high, the difference between the expected effluent flow rate and the current effluent flow rate increases, and the rotational speed adjustment data of the fan blade 4 increases. The fan blade 4 rotates faster to speed up the sewage discharge and prevent pollutants from accumulating in the ecological floating bed; when the pollutant concentration decreases, the rotational speed of the fan blade 4 can be correspondingly reduced to reduce energy consumption.

[0145] Precise adjustment of the influent and effluent flow rates helps to create a stable growth environment for the purification plant 1. It avoids damage to the plant roots caused by excessive or too low sewage concentration, too large or too small water volume, ensuring the normal growth and metabolism of the plants, and thus improving the purification efficiency of the plants for pollutants.

[0146] This calculation method enables the ecological floating bed system to quickly respond to water quality changes, timely adjust operation parameters, and reduce system instability caused by water quality fluctuations. For example, when a sudden pollution event causes a sharp increase in pollutant concentration, the system can quickly adjust the displacement of the baffle 14 and the rotational speed of the fan blade 4 to maintain the purification function of the ecological floating bed and prevent water quality deterioration from damaging the entire ecological system.

[0147] It should be noted that this method corresponds to the above-mentioned system, and all implementation manners in the above system embodiments are applicable to the embodiments of this method and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0148] The above is the preferred implementation manner of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water purification system for an ecological floating bed, characterized in that, include: Floating water tank (8); A substrate pocket (6) is provided in the floating water tank (8), wherein the substrate pocket (6) contains a purification plant (1) and a cultivation substrate (7); A plant height sensor (9) and a color sensor (10) are provided on the floating water tank (8); At least one row of first water inlet holes (11) is provided on the floating water tank (8); A baffle (14) is provided on the back of the first water inlet (11), and a second water inlet (15) corresponding to the position of the first water inlet (11) is provided on the baffle (14). The baffle (14) moves upward to displace the second water inlet (15) from the first water inlet (11), thereby reducing the amount of sewage entering the water. A drainage trough (5) is provided at the bottom of the floating water tank (8), wherein fan blades (4) are provided at the drainage trough (5), and the fan blades (4) reduce the air pressure at the drainage trough (5) by increasing the rotation speed, thereby increasing the drainage volume of sewage; A controller is provided, the controller being used to receive plant height data of a purification plant (1) detected by a plant height sensor (9) and color data detected by a color sensor (10), and to calculate the growth cycle stage of the purification plant (1) based on the plant height data and the color data, to calculate the amount of sewage that can be purified based on the growth cycle stage of the purification plant (1), and to calculate the displacement of a baffle (14) and the rotation speed of a fan blade (4) based on the amount of sewage, to control the working state of the baffle (14) based on the displacement of the baffle (14), and to control the working state of the fan blade (4) based on the rotation speed of the fan blade (4).

2. The water quality purification system of the ecological floating bed according to claim 1, characterized in that A top seat (16) is provided on the top of the baffle (14), at least one set of support seats (12) is provided on the floating water tank (8), an electric telescopic rod (13) is vertically provided on the support seat (12), an output end of the electric telescopic rod (13) is fixedly connected to the top seat (16), the electric telescopic rod (13) extends to drive the baffle (14) to move upward, and the electric telescopic rod (13) is electrically connected to the controller; The controller controls the extension of the electric telescopic rod (13) according to the displacement of the baffle (14).

3. The water quality purification system of the ecological floating bed according to claim 1, characterized in that The floating water tank (8) is provided with a driving motor (2), the output end of the driving motor (2) is connected to the fan blade (4) through a transmission shaft (3), and the driving motor (2) is electrically connected to the controller; The controller controls the rotation speed of the drive motor (2) according to the rotation speed of the fan blade (4).

4. The water quality purification system of the ecological floating bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A water quality sensor is provided upstream of the ecological floating bed, wherein the water quality sensor and the controller are communicatively connected with the remote mobile terminal; The controller receives pollutant concentration data detected by the water quality sensor and transmitted via a remote mobile terminal, and calculates displacement adjustment data for the displacement of the baffle (14) and speed adjustment data for the speed of the fan blade (4) based on the pollutant concentration data, controls the working state of the baffle (14) based on the displacement adjustment data, and controls the working state of the fan blade (4) based on the speed adjustment data.

5. A water quality purification method for an ecological floating bed, which is applied to the water quality purification system of the ecological floating bed according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, include: Obtain the plant height data of the purification plant (1) detected by the plant height sensor (9) and the color data of the purification plant (1) detected by the color sensor (10); Calculate the growth cycle stage of the purification plant (1) based on the plant height data and the color data; Calculate the amount of sewage that can be purified according to the growth cycle stage of the purification plant (1); Calculate the displacement of the baffle (14) and the rotation speed of the fan blade (4) according to the amount of sewage; Control the working state of the baffle (14) according to the displacement of the baffle (14), and control the working state of the fan blade (4) according to the rotation speed of the fan blade (4).

6. The water quality purification method of the ecological floating bed according to claim 5, characterized in that, The calculating the growth cycle stage of the purification plant (1) based on the plant height data and the color data includes: According to S i = Wh / (|h - H i | + n) + Wc / (|c - C i | + n) to obtain the similarity between the detected plant height data and color data and each growth cycle stage Among them, S i is the similarity between the detected plant height data and color data and each growth cycle stage. Wh is the weight coefficient of plant height, Wc is the weight coefficient of color, Wh + Wc = 1, h is the detected plant height data, c is the detected color data, H i is the average plant height within each growth cycle stage, C i is the average color feature value within each growth cycle stage, i is the index variable of each growth cycle stage, and n is a positive parameter value to ensure that the denominator is not zero; According to S = max(S1, S2,..., S i ), the growth cycle stage in which the purification plant (1) is located, that is, the value of i, is obtained. Where S is the highest similarity value between the detected plant height data and color data and each growth cycle stage.

7. The water quality purification method of the ecological floating bed according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calculating the amount of sewage that can be purified according to the growth cycle stage of the purification plant (1) includes: According to V = k * q i * h * t to obtain the amount of sewage that can be purified Where V is the amount of sewage that can be purified, k is the correction coefficient, and q i is the average net water volume per unit plant height within each growth cycle stage, and t is the unit time.

8. The water quality purification method of the ecological floating bed according to claim 7, characterized in that, The calculating the displacement of the baffle (14) and the rotation speed of the fan blade (4) according to the amount of sewage includes: According to Q in = V / t to obtain the expected influent flow rate Among them, Q in is the expected influent flow rate; According to x = [πr(1 - Q in / Q0)] / 2, the displacement of the baffle (14) is obtained. Where x is the displacement of the baffle (14), r is the radius of the first water inlet hole (11) and the second water inlet hole (15), the first water inlet hole (11) and the second water inlet hole (15) are circular, and Q0 is the water inlet flow rate when the baffle (14) does not move; According to Q out = V / t to obtain the expected drainage flow rate, where Q out is the expected drainage flow rate; According to n = (Q out * n0) / Q out0 the rotational speed of the fan blade (4) is obtained where n is the rotational speed of the fan blade (4), n0 is the rotational speed of the fan blade (4) when the baffle (14) is not moved, and Q out0 is the drainage flow rate when the baffle (14) is not moved.

9. The water quality purification method of the ecological floating bed according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes: Obtain the pollutant concentration data upstream of the ecological floating bed detected by the water quality sensor; Calculate the displacement adjustment data of the baffle (14) displacement and the rotation speed adjustment data of the fan blade (4) rotation speed according to the pollutant concentration data; Control the working state of the baffle (14) according to the displacement adjustment data, and control the working state of the fan blade (4) according to the rotation speed adjustment data.

10. The water quality purification method of the ecological floating bed according to claim 9, characterized in that, The calculating the displacement adjustment data of the baffle (14) displacement and the rotation speed adjustment data of the fan blade (4) rotation speed according to the pollutant concentration data includes: According to Δx = [πr(Q in0 / Q0 - Q t / Q0)] / 2, the displacement adjustment data of the baffle (14) is obtained. where Δx is the displacement adjustment data of the baffle plate (14), and Q in0 is the influent flow rate before adjustment, and Q t is the expected influent flow rate corresponding to the pollutant concentration data; According to Δn = (Q n * n0) / Q out0 the rotational speed adjustment data of the fan blade (4) is obtained where Δn is the rotational speed adjustment data of the fan blade (4), and Q n is the difference between the expected drainage flow rate and the current drainage flow rate corresponding to the pollutant concentration data.

Images