Self-powered intelligent deceleration strip based on multifunctional friction nanometer generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-powered intelligent deceleration strip based on a multifunctional friction nano-generator, and aims to solve the problems of difficult deployment, continuous external power supply, high operation and maintenance cost and the like of the existing traffic flow detection infrastructure. The invention discloses a self-powered intelligent deceleration strip based on a multifunctional friction nano-generator. The self-powered intelligent deceleration strip comprises a rack frame, a transmission part and a power generation unit. The rack frame is a rigid element with a vertical driving rack, the transmission part is a gear train and a gear and rack mechanism, the rack is a rigid rack with horizontal and vertical bidirectional outer teeth, the power generation unit is a disc type friction nanometer generator, and the transmission part is connected in a shaft hole matching mode. The vertical movement of the rack frame drives the gear and rack transmission part to move, and friction electrodes of the friction nanometer generator are driven to move mutually to generate electric energy output. The intelligent traffic flow sensing system has the advantages of high energy collection efficiency, self-powered traffic flow sensing, low deployment and maintenance cost and the like, and has a wide application prospect in an intelligent traffic system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator, belonging to the technical field of intelligent transportation. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of the current automobile ownership, problems such as urban traffic congestion and low road passing rate have become increasingly prominent. The traditional traffic management methods are realized through technologies such as video monitoring and inductive loops. Their inherent defects, such as dependence on external power supply, high deployment and maintenance costs, and static traffic flow regulation, can no longer meet the requirements of the smart city construction for clean and sustainable energy and the real-time dynamic regulation function of the intelligent transportation system. The rapid development of intelligent transportation has also promoted the research and development of the intelligence of a series of traffic infrastructure. As a traffic infrastructure that is widely distributed and directly interacts with vehicles, the integrated and intelligent design and development of speed bumps can be widely applied in the construction of intelligent transportation and smart cities.

[0003] An intelligent speed bump integrates different devices inside the speed bump to achieve different functions such as energy harvesting, parameter detection, and height adaptive adjustment to meet the requirements of the intelligence and integration of traffic facilities. The existing intelligent speed bump designs generally have a single function of energy capture or parameter detection, and the energy harvesting efficiency of the energy capture device is low. The parameter detection device is limited by the continuous power supply of the external power supply, and the coordinated design from energy capture to sensing and the realization of the complete system function have not been achieved. For the intelligent speed bump with height adaptive adjustment, its height adjustment depends on a complex mechanical structure and requires external real-time power supply, which brings corresponding maintenance and power supply costs while meeting certain functional requirements.

[0004] As a new type of energy capture and signal sensing technology, the triboelectric nanogenerator can achieve efficient energy harvesting in a low-frequency disordered environment. At the same time, its high sensing accuracy and signal-to-noise ratio can achieve self-powered sensing. Through integrated design, the triboelectric nanogenerator can be widely applied to the intelligent transportation system to achieve efficient collection of environmental mechanical energy and self-powered signal sensing.

[0005] In view of the above defects, it is crucial to create an intelligent speed bump with high energy harvesting efficiency, integrated functional design, and the ability to realize real-time self-powered sensing and detection of traffic flow. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the practical problems that the existing traffic flow detection infrastructure has significant deficiencies in terms of energy harvesting efficiency, functional integration, and deployment and maintenance costs, the present invention discloses a self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0007] The solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multi-functional triboelectric nanogenerator. The intelligent speed bump is composed of a large gear I, a large gear positioning shaft, a central positioning shaft, an intermediate gear, a rack I, a side plate gear I, a side plate positioning shaft I, a large gear II, a small gear fixing shaft II, a one-way bearing II, a spring, a rack frame, a speed bump housing, a connecting block, a sponge, a power generation unit, a side plate positioning shaft II, a side plate gear II, a side plate, a rack II, a housing, a one-way bearing I, a small gear fixing shaft I, a small gear II, a small gear I, and a bottom plate. Among them, the large gear I, the large gear, the intermediate gear, the rack I, the side plate gear I, the large gear II, the rack II, the small gear II, and the small gear I jointly constitute a bidirectional transmission mechanism and are fixed on the bottom plate by means of shaft-hole cooperation, and are positioned and constrained by the housing. The rack frame generates a linear motion under external excitation, thereby driving the gear transmission components to mesh with each other, and the motion of the gear transmission components is finally transmitted to the power generation unit.

[0009] In the bidirectional transmission structure, the rack of the rack frame meshes with the side plate gear I and the side plate gear II to provide driving force. The side plate gear I meshes with the rack I, and the side plate gear II meshes with the rack II to provide driving force. The rack I meshes with the large gear I, the large gear I meshes with the small gear I, and finally the small gear I is connected to the small gear fixing shaft I through shaft-hole cooperation. The large gear II is connected to the small gear fixing shaft I through a one-way bearing 1 for synchronous rotational motion. The intermediate gear meshes with the large gear to achieve rotation, and the rotation of the intermediate gear drives the power generation unit connected thereto to move.

[0010] The rack I and the rack II have a rack design in two directions, vertical and horizontal. The rack I and the rack II are arranged oppositely on both sides of the bottom plate. The vertical rack meshes with the side plate gear I and the side plate gear II, and the horizontal rack meshes with the large gear I. The rack of the rack frame is installed on the housing. The side plate gear I is fixed through the shaft-hole cooperation between the side plate positioning shaft I and the side plate positioning hole I and the side plate positioning hole of the housing. The side plate gear II is also fixed in the same way. The side plate is connected and installed to the bottom plate by gluing or welding. The large gear I is installed on the bottom plate through the large gear fixing shaft, and the small gear I is installed on the bottom plate through the small gear fixing shaft I.

[0011] The rack frame provides a reset elastic force through a spring installed on the housing. The large gear I, the small gear I, and the large gear II are installed in the housing through corresponding positioning grooves.

[0012] The two identical large gears I and small gears I are symmetrically arranged about the center hole on the bottom plate, constituting the first layer of gear transmission components; the two large gears II and the intermediate gear mesh with each other to constitute the second layer of gear transmission components.

[0013] The large gear II of the second-layer gear transmission component is respectively engaged with the one-way bearing I and the one-way bearing II, and the one-way bearing I and the one-way bearing II are arranged in the same direction; the intermediate gear is engaged with the large gear II to achieve one-way rotation, and the power generation unit rotates synchronously with the intermediate gear through the central positioning shaft.

[0014] The power generation unit is fixed to the rack through a sponge, a connecting block and adhesives; the rotating power generation unit of the power generation unit is fixed to the central positioning shaft and rotates synchronously. The upper layer of the linear power generation unit and the lower layer of the linear power generation unit are connected into a whole through the linear power generation unit connecting block to perform linear motion. Sponges, metal films (copper foils are selected in this specific embodiment), and polymer films (nylon films are selected in this specific embodiment) are sequentially pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of the rotating power generation unit as the electrodes and friction materials of the triboelectric nanogenerator. On the inner side of the upper layer of the linear power generation unit and the inner layer of the lower layer of the linear power generation unit, buffer sponges, metal films (copper foils are selected in this specific embodiment), and polymer films (fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) films are selected in this specific embodiment) are sequentially pasted as the electrodes and friction materials. The rotational motion of the rotating power generation unit and the vertical linear motion of the linear power generation unit constitute a triboelectric nanogenerator with a contact-sliding-separation motion mode, improving the output performance.

[0015] The self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator described has a two-way transmission function. The triboelectric nanogenerator realizes a contact-sliding-separation motion mode based on a two-way transmission structure, converts the mechanical energy generated by a vehicle passing through the speed bump into electrical energy output, drives an infrared LED lamp through the electrical energy, and realizes the detection of vehicle flow by receiving the signal of the infrared LED lamp. Combining the deep Q-network (DQN) model of reinforcement learning at the back end to optimize the traffic signal timing to achieve traffic vehicle flow regulation, realizing the dual functions of energy capture and signal sensing of the triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0016] Advantages of the present invention:

[0017] The self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator proposed by the present invention constitutes a two-way transmission mechanism through the meshing of gears and racks to achieve efficient power transmission. On the basis of the two-way transmission mechanism, a triboelectric nanogenerator with a contact-sliding-separation mode is developed to achieve efficient energy collection, greatly improving the energy capture efficiency and self-powered sensing ability of the intelligent speed bump, and having good application prospects in the construction of intelligent transportation and smart cities. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 The following shows an exploded view of the self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator proposed by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2The top view of the bottom plate of a self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator proposed by the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 The side view of the side plate of a self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator proposed by the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the rack of a self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator proposed by the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the rack of a self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator proposed by the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the sponge of a self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator proposed by the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the connecting block of a self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator proposed by the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the housing of a self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator proposed by the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 9 The schematic diagram of the power generation unit of a self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator proposed by the present invention is shown;

[0027] In the figure: 1. Large gear I; 2. Fixed shaft of large gear; 3. Central positioning shaft; 4. Intermediate gear; 5. Rack I; 6. Side plate gear I; 7. Side plate positioning shaft I; 8. Large gear II; 9. Fixed shaft of small gear II; 10. One-way bearing II; 11. Spring; 12. Rack frame; 13. Speed bump housing; 14. Connecting block; 15. Sponge; 16. Power generation unit; 16-1. Connecting block of linear power generation unit; 16-2. Upper layer of linear power generation unit; 16-3. Rotating power generation unit; 16-4. Lower layer of linear power generation unit; 17. Side plate positioning shaft II; 18. Side plate gear II; 19. Side plate; 19-1. Side plate positioning hole; 20. Rack II; 21. Housing; 21-1. Large gear positioning hole I; 21-2. Side plate positioning hole I; 21-3. Spring limit hole I; 21-4. Large gear positioning hole II; 21-5. Spring limit hole II; 21-6. Side plate positioning hole II; 22. One-way bearing I; 23. Fixed shaft of small gear I; 24. Small gear II; 25. Small gear I; 26. Bottom plate; 26-1. Small gear positioning hole I; 26-2. Large gear positioning hole I; 26-3. Central hole; 26-4. Small gear positioning hole II; 26-5. Large gear positioning hole II. Detailed implementation mode

[0028] The described self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator is composed of a large gear I 1, a large gear fixed shaft 2, a central positioning shaft 3, an intermediate gear 4, a rack I 5, a side plate gear I 6, a side plate positioning shaft I 7, a large gear II 8, a small gear fixed shaft II 9, a one-way bearing II 10, a spring 11, a rack frame 12, a speed bump housing 13, a connecting block 14, a sponge 15, a power generation unit 16, a side plate positioning shaft II 17, a side plate gear II 18, a side plate 19, a rack II 20, a housing 21, a one-way bearing I 22, a small gear fixed shaft I 23, a small gear II 24, a small gear I 25, and a bottom plate 26; the bottom plate 26 uses a steel plate as the base of the entire device. The bottom plate 26 has five holes, namely a small gear positioning hole I 26-1, a large gear positioning hole I 26-2, a central hole 26-3, a small gear positioning hole II 26-4, and a large gear positioning hole II 26-5. The small gear positioning hole I 26-1 and the large gear positioning hole I 26-2 are centrosymmetric with the small gear positioning hole II 26-4 and the large gear positioning hole II 26-5 about the central hole 26-3, realizing the two-way power transmission function of the gear transmission structure; among them, the large gear I 1 is fixed on the bottom plate 26 through the shaft hole fit between the large gear fixed shaft 2 and the large gear positioning hole I 26-2. The small gear I 25 is fixed on the bottom plate through the small gear fixed shaft I 23 and the small gear positioning hole I 26-1. Another identical large gear I 1 is installed on the bottom plate 26 through the shaft hole fit between the large gear fixed shaft 2 and the large gear positioning hole II 26-5. The small gear II 25 is installed on the bottom plate 26 through the shaft hole fit between the small gear fixed shaft II 9 and the small gear positioning hole II 26-4. The large gear I 1 meshes with the small gear I 25 to realize power transmission. Another large gear I 1 meshes with the small gear II 24 to realize power transmission. These four gears constitute the first-layer transmission mechanism of the transmission system of the entire device; the second-layer transmission structure is composed of two large gears II 8 and an intermediate gear 4. Two identical large gears II 8 are respectively positioned through the small gear fixed shaft I 23, the small gear fixed shaft II 9, the one-way bearing I 22, and the one-way bearing II 10 and coaxially installed with the small gear I 25 and the small gear II 24. The intermediate gear 4 is positioned and installed through the shaft hole fit between the central positioning shaft 3 and the central hole 26-3. Both large gears II mesh with the intermediate gear 4 to realize power transmission.

[0029] The described first-layer and second-layer transmission structures are fixedly installed in position through the positioning grooves on the housing 21 to achieve stable meshing between various parts and ensure the power transmission efficiency. The installation directions of the one-way bearing I 22 and the one-way bearing II 10 are the same, so as to realize the one-way rotation of the intermediate gear 4, thereby ensuring the one-way continuous rotation of the power generation unit 16 and improving the output performance.

[0030] The described housing 21 realizes the transmission of external excitation power through cooperation and installation with the rack 12. Spring limit holes I 21-3 and spring limit holes II 21-5 are designed on both sides of the housing 21 to realize the installation of the spring 11 and achieve the reset function after external excitation; the power transmission of the external excitation received by the rack 12 is realized by the meshing of the side plate gears I 6 and side plate gears II 18 installed on both sides with the rack of the rack 12 to convert the linear motion in the vertical direction into rotational motion. The side plate gear I 6 is fixedly installed through the shaft hole fit between the side plate positioning hole I 21-2 on the housing 21, the side plate positioning hole 19-1 on the side plate 19 and the side plate positioning shaft I 7. The side plate 19 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 26 by gluing or welding.

[0031] The described side plate gear I 6 meshes with the rack I 5, and the side plate gear II 18 meshes with the rack II 20 to realize power transmission; both the rack I 6 and the rack II 20 have tooth profiles distributed in the vertical and horizontal directions and are arranged in opposite directions to realize the function of bidirectional transmission; the horizontal teeth of the rack I 5 and the rack II 20 both mesh with the large gear I 1, and the vertical teeth both mesh with the side plate gear I 6 and the side plate gear II 18 to transmit the power to the gear train and then drive the movement of the power generation unit 16.

[0032] The described power generation unit 16 includes a linear power generation unit upper layer 16-2, a linear power generation unit lower layer 16-4, and a rotary power generation unit 16-3. Among them, the linear power generation unit connection block 16-1 connects the linear power generation unit upper layer 16-2 and the linear power generation unit lower layer 16-4 into a whole for linear motion in the vertical direction. The rotary power generation unit 16-3 is connected to the central positioning shaft 3 as a whole by gluing and rotates unidirectionally and continuously with the rotation of the intermediate gear 4. A sponge 15 is pasted on the entire power generation unit 16, and the sponge 15 is connected to the rack 12 by gluing. When an external excitation acts on the rack 12, it drives the linear power generation unit part of the power generation unit 16 to move synchronously; metal films (copper foils are selected in this specific embodiment) and polymer materials (nylon films are selected in this specific embodiment) are sequentially pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of the rotary power generation unit 16-3 as friction electrodes and friction materials for triboelectric nanogeneration. Metal films (copper foils are selected in this specific embodiment) and polymer materials (fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) films are selected in this specific embodiment) are sequentially pasted on the inner sides of the linear power generation unit upper layer 16-2 and the linear power generation unit lower layer 16-4 as friction electrodes and friction materials; the continuous rotational motion of the rotary power generation unit 16-3 and the intermittent linear reciprocating motion of the linear power generation unit constitute a contact-sliding-separation mode triboelectric nanogenerator, improving the overall power generation performance.

[0033] The described power transmission route is as follows: When the vehicle passes over a speed bump, the downward pressure exerted by the vehicle on the rack 12 is first transmitted to the side plate gears I 6 and side plate gears II 18 on both sides. The side plate gears I 6 and side plate gears II 18 transmit it to the rack I 5 and rack II 20 to achieve a change in the transmission direction. The linear motion of the rack I 5 and rack II 20 drives two identical large gears I 1 engaged with them to rotate in opposite directions. The two identical large gears I 1 are respectively engaged with the pinion I 25 and pinion II 24 to drive them to rotate in the reverse direction. The two identical large gears II 8 rotate synchronously with the pinion I 25 and pinion II 24 respectively, and also maintain opposite rotations. Since the two large gears II 8 are respectively connected to the pinion fixed shaft I 23 and pinion fixed shaft II 9 through the one-way bearing I 22 and one-way bearing II 10, one of the two large gears II 8 always maintains a one-way torque transmission to drive the intermediate gear 4 to rotate unidirectionally, while the other does not transmit torque. After the vehicle passes over the speed bump, under the action of the spring 11, all the transmission components perform a reset movement. At this time, the two large gears II 8 still maintain the same direction of torque transmission, making the rotary power generation unit 16-3 rotate continuously in one direction. Therefore, a bidirectional transmission mechanism is realized through the gear rack and the one-way bearing.

[0034] The described bidirectional transmission structure is covered by the speed bump housing 13 and integrated in a speed bump. When the vehicle passes over the speed bump, it can efficiently collect the mechanical energy of the vehicle, and convert it into electrical energy output through the triboelectric nanogenerator. The electrical energy output is used to drive the infrared LED lamp, and the signal of the infrared LED lamp is received and detected to realize the self-powered vehicle flow detection of the intelligent speed bump. At the same time, the traffic signal control duration is optimized and trained by using the SUMO platform and combining the deep Q-network (DQN) model of reinforcement learning based on the detected vehicle flow data. The trained model performs dynamic regulation of the optimal duration of the traffic signal to realize the dynamic adjustment of the traffic flow, thereby alleviating traffic congestion and improving the road passing capacity. Thus, a complete working cycle is formed for the intelligent speed bump from the collection of the vehicle's mechanical energy to the electrical energy output of the triboelectric nanogenerator, and realizing self-powered vehicle flow detection while combining the SUMO simulation platform to realize the timing optimization of the traffic signal and the dynamic regulation of the traffic flow.

[0035] In summary, the present invention realizes a bidirectional transmission structure through the design of the gear rack structure. On this basis, a triboelectric nanogenerator with a contact-sliding-separation mode is designed to achieve efficient power transmission and energy collection. The developed intelligent speed bump based on the multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator has the advantages of self-powered vehicle flow detection, high integration, high structural stability, etc. At the same time, it combines the deep Q-network (DQN) model of reinforcement learning to realize the dynamic control of the traffic signal timing. The present invention is of great significance for the development and construction of intelligent transportation and smart cities, and can be used as a reference scheme for the development of intelligent speed bumps.

[0036] Working principle:

[0037] A self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator according to the present invention, wherein the gears of the bidirectional transmission mechanism mesh with each other, converting the linear displacement in the vertical direction generated by the rack under an external load into the rotational motion in the horizontal direction of the gear train. Through the reverse arrangement of the double-direction racks, the gear meshing and the action of the one-way bearing, the bidirectional rotational motion is converted into the continuous unidirectional rotation of the power generation unit. The linear motion part of the power generation unit synchronously performs the linear motion in the vertical direction along with the rack frame. Therefore, the motion mode of contact-sliding-separation of the power generation unit is realized, improving the energy output.

[0038] Among them, the rack frame realizes the reset motion by the restoring force of the spring, and still performs the power transmission of the gear rack during the stroke when the vehicle passes over the speed bump without an external load, further improving the operation duration of the rotational power generation unit and thus improving the output performance.

[0039] In summary, the present invention adopts a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator with a bidirectional transmission mechanism and a contact-sliding-separation motion mode, realizes efficient power transmission and energy capture, realizes self-powered vehicle flow detection, further improves the integration and passivation of the intelligent speed bump, and promotes the development of the intelligent transportation system.

Claims

1. A self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that, The self-powered intelligent speed bump consists of large gear I (1), large gear fixed shaft (2), central positioning shaft (3), intermediate gear (4), rack I (5), side plate gear I (6), side plate positioning shaft I (7), large gear II (8), small gear fixed shaft II (9), one-way bearing II (10), spring (11), rack frame (12), speed bump housing (13), connecting block (14), sponge (15), power generation unit (16), side plate positioning shaft II (17), side plate gear II (18), side plate (19), rack II (20), housing (21), one-way bearing I (22), small gear fixed shaft I (23), small gear II (24), small gear I (25), and bottom plate (26). Among them, large gear I (1), intermediate gear (4), rack I (5), side plate gear I (6), large gear II (8), rack II (20), small gear II (24), and small gear I (25) together constitute a two-way transmission mechanism and are fixed on the bottom plate (26) by means of shaft-hole fit, and the positioning constraint is realized by the housing (21). The rack frame (12) generates a linear motion under external excitation, thereby driving the gear transmission components to mesh with each other, and the motion of the gear transmission components is finally transmitted to the power generation unit (16).

2. The self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the two-way transmission structure, the rack of the rack frame (12) meshes with side plate gear I (6) and side plate gear II (18) to provide driving force. Side plate gear I (6) meshes with rack I (5), and side plate gear II (18) meshes with rack II (20) to provide driving force. Rack I (5) meshes with large gear I (1), large gear I (1) meshes with small gear I (25), and finally small gear I (25) is connected to small gear fixed shaft I (23) through shaft-hole fit. Large gear II (8) is connected to small gear fixed shaft I (23) through one-way bearing I (22) for synchronous rotational motion. Intermediate gear (4) meshes with large gear fixed shaft (2) to achieve rotation, and the rotation of intermediate gear (4) drives the power generation unit connected to it to move.

3. The self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that, Rack I (5) and rack II (20) have a rack design in both vertical and horizontal directions. Rack I (5) and rack II (20) are arranged oppositely on both sides of the bottom plate (26). The vertical rack meshes with side plate gear I (6) and side plate gear II (20), and the horizontal rack meshes with large gear I (1). The rack of the rack frame (12) is installed on the housing (21). Side plate gear I (6) is fixed through the shaft-hole fit between side plate positioning shaft I (7) and the side plate positioning hole I (21-2) and side plate positioning hole (19-1) of the housing side plate. Side plate gear II (18) is also fixed in the same way. The side plate (19) is connected and installed to the bottom plate (26) by gluing or welding. Large gear I (1) is installed on the bottom plate (26) through large gear fixed shaft (2), and small gear I (25) is installed on the bottom plate (26) through small gear fixed shaft I (23).

4. The self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 3, wherein The rack frame (12) is provided with a reset elastic force by a spring (11) mounted on the housing (21); the large gear I (1), the small gear I (25), and the large gear II (8) are installed in the housing (21) through corresponding positioning grooves.

5. The self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 4, wherein The two identical large gears I (1) and small gears I (25) are symmetrically arranged about the central hole (26-3) on the bottom plate (26) to form the first-layer gear transmission component; the two identical large gears II (8) and the intermediate gear (4) are meshed with each other to form the second-layer gear transmission component.

6. The self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 5, wherein, The large gears II (8) of the second-layer gear transmission component are respectively matched with the one-way bearing I (22) and the one-way bearing II (10), and the one-way bearing I (22) and the one-way bearing II (10) are arranged in the same direction; the intermediate gear (4) is meshed with the large gear II (8) to achieve one-way rotation, and the power generation unit (16) rotates synchronously with the intermediate gear (4) through the central positioning shaft (3).

7. The self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 6, characterized in that The power generation unit (16) is fixed to the rack frame (12) by means of glue through the sponge (15) and the connecting block (14); the rotating power generation unit (16-3) of the power generation unit (16) is fixed to the central positioning shaft (3) and rotates synchronously, and the upper layer of the linear power generation unit (16-2) and the lower layer of the linear power generation unit (16-4) are connected into a whole by the linear power generation unit connecting block (16-1) to perform linear motion. The upper and lower surfaces of the rotating power generation unit (16-3) are successively pasted with a sponge, a metal thin film electrode, and a polymer thin film as the electrodes and friction materials of the triboelectric nanogenerator. The inner side of the upper layer of the linear power generation unit (16-2) and the inner layer of the lower layer of the linear power generation unit (16-4) are successively pasted with a buffer sponge, a metal thin film electrode, and a polymer thin film as the electrodes and friction materials. The rotational motion of the rotating power generation unit (16-3) and the vertical linear motion of the linear power generation unit form a contact-sliding-separation motion mode of the triboelectric nanogenerator, improving the output performance.

8. The self-powered intelligent speed bump based on a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, wherein The triboelectric nanogenerator realizes the contact-sliding-separation motion mode on the basis of a two-way transmission structure, converts the mechanical energy generated by the vehicle passing over the speed bump into electrical energy output, drives the infrared LED lamp through the electrical energy, and realizes the detection of the vehicle flow by receiving the signal of the infrared LED lamp. Combining with the deep Q-network (DQN) model of reinforcement learning at the backend to optimize the traffic signal timing to achieve traffic vehicle flow regulation, realizing the dual functions of energy capture and signal sensing of the triboelectric nanogenerator.

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