Fire damper vacuum pressure breather valve

Abstract

The application discloses a fire-resisting vacuum pressure breather valve and particularly relates to the technical field of breather valves, which comprises a shell, an exhaust valve plate arranged in the shell, a buffer block arranged above the exhaust valve plate, a piston cavity formed in the buffer block, a damping cavity arranged outside the piston cavity, a piston part arranged in the piston cavity and connected with the exhaust valve plate, a one-way air inlet mechanism arranged at the bottom of the piston cavity, a one-way air outlet mechanism arranged on the side wall of the piston cavity and located below the piston part, a plurality of damping holes arranged in an array on the outside of the damping cavity, and a temperature control shielding mechanism arranged above the damping cavity and used for shielding the damping holes in a stepped manner, so that the movement speed of the piston part and the exhaust valve plate is negatively correlated with temperature. The application can adjust the opening time of the exhaust valve plate according to temperature, and can reduce the influence of mechanical wear or low-temperature icing on the sensitivity of the valve body as much as possible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of breathing valve technology, and more specifically, to a flame-arresting vacuum pressure breathing valve. Background Technology

[0002] A flame arrestor breather valve is a safety device that integrates breathing regulation and flame arrestor functions. It is mainly used to control the gas pressure inside sealed equipment such as storage tanks and containers, and to prevent external flames or explosion waves from entering the equipment through the breathing channel, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the equipment. The breather valve senses the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the equipment through a valve plate or diaphragm. When the pressure exceeds the set value, the valve plate opens to exhaust gas; when the pressure is lower than the set value, the valve plate opens to allow air in. When a flame or explosion wave passes through the breather valve, the tiny channels of the flame arrestor core cause the flame front to split into multiple small flames. Through heat conduction and the cooling effect of the vessel wall, the flame temperature is rapidly reduced, making it impossible for the flame to sustain combustion.

[0003] In existing technologies, although breather flame arresters can regulate pressure and arrest flames, under high-temperature conditions, the enhanced volatilization effect of the medium inside the tank causes gas thermal expansion, resulting in a sharp increase in the pressure gradient. The thermal stress shortens the pressure threshold trigger cycle, causing an abnormally high frequency of valve opening and closing. This unplanned reciprocating motion will exacerbate the mechanical fatigue wear of the transmission mechanism, causing valve response lag and decreased sensitivity. In low-temperature operating scenarios, when the breather valve performs pressure regulation, the thermodynamic exchange process between the medium and the environment causes air phase change and condensation. Ice crystals precipitate on the surface of the valve guide rod, forming mechanical blockage and causing the moving parts to jam. This physical blockage effect not only prolongs the ventilation cycle and exacerbates system heat loss, but also causes the oil pour point to decrease, leading to wax precipitation and the formation of deposits in the valve body flow channel. Ultimately, this reduces the gas flow cross-sectional area and decreases gas exchange efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a flame-arresting vacuum pressure breather valve to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a flame-arresting vacuum pressure breather valve, comprising a housing, and further comprising:

[0006] An exhaust valve plate is disposed inside the housing, a buffer block is provided above the exhaust valve plate, a piston chamber is provided inside the buffer block, and a damping chamber is provided outside the piston chamber;

[0007] The piston chamber is provided with a piston part connected to the exhaust valve plate. The bottom of the piston chamber is provided with a one-way air intake mechanism, and the side wall of the piston chamber is provided with a one-way exhaust mechanism. The one-way exhaust mechanism is located below the piston part.

[0008] The damping cavity has an array of damping holes on its outer side, and a temperature control shielding mechanism is provided above the damping cavity to shield the damping holes in a stepped manner, so that the speed of the piston-driven exhaust valve plate is negatively correlated with the temperature.

[0009] Preferably, the housing is provided with a fire-arresting part, which includes a connecting channel communicating with the housing, a fire-arresting component at the opening of the connecting channel, and a protective cover on the outside of the connecting channel.

[0010] Preferably, the outer side of the connecting channel is fixedly connected to the protective cover by multiple connecting rods, and the fire-arresting component includes multiple fire-arresting plates with multiple fire-arresting holes, and the fire-arresting holes on every two adjacent fire-arresting plates are interconnected.

[0011] Preferably, the housing is provided with an adjustment part, which includes an intake valve seat and an exhaust valve seat. The housing is provided with an intake valve plate that can move up and down and cooperate with the intake valve seat. The exhaust valve plate can cooperate with the exhaust valve seat.

[0012] Preferably, the intake valve seat and the exhaust valve seat are respectively provided with conveying holes, and the inner wall of the housing is provided with a conveying pipe, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the corresponding conveying holes.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the housing is provided with a slide cylinder, and a slide rod is slidably connected inside the slide cylinder, with the lower end of the slide rod fixedly connected to the intake valve plate.

[0014] Preferably, the piston part includes a piston plate, a piston rod and an elastic component. The piston plate is slidably connected inside the piston cavity. The bottom of the piston plate is provided with a through buffer block and the piston rod is fixedly connected to the exhaust valve plate. The piston rod is provided with an elastic component.

[0015] Preferably, the one-way air intake mechanism includes an air intake port and a single air intake component disposed within the air intake port, and the one-way exhaust mechanism includes an exhaust port and a single exhaust component disposed within the exhaust port.

[0016] Preferably, the temperature control shielding mechanism includes a temperature sensing cavity, a temperature sensing gas, a control board, and a reset assembly. A control groove is provided on the housing, the top of the control groove is connected to the temperature sensing cavity, and the bottom of the control groove is connected to the damping hole.

[0017] Preferably, a control plate is slidably connected within the control slot, and a reset component is provided on the top of the control plate.

[0018] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. Through the coordinated arrangement of related components, this invention can match the intake / exhaust flow rate under operating conditions such as temperature fluctuations, material phase changes, and changes in environmental pressure, thereby achieving dynamic balance control of the pressure inside the tank. This effectively suppresses the risk of structural fatigue caused by overpressure and tank collapse caused by negative pressure. When external flames invade with the gas, the sudden change in the flow channel cross-section stretches and cools the flame front. This stretching and cooling effect causes the flame temperature to drop rapidly, below the ignition point of the combustible material, thus interrupting the combustion chain reaction.

[0020] 2. At high temperatures, the frequency of the exhaust valve plate's operation decreases in a stepwise manner, effectively suppressing mechanical wear at the valve plate-seat contact interface, extending the service life of key friction pairs, and maintaining the sensitivity of the breather valve. Under low-temperature operating conditions, the opening duration of the exhaust valve plate is shortened. This transient opening strategy effectively reduces the condensation rate of humid and hot gas in the valve cavity, significantly reducing the probability of ice crystals adhering to the narrow channel of the flame arrestor element. It effectively suppresses mechanical jamming and sealing surface failure caused by ice crystal accumulation. At the same time, the optimized opening and closing characteristics effectively control the ineffective heat loss of the breather valve. While maintaining the pressure balance of the tank, it avoids the risk of negative pressure in the storage tank caused by excessive ventilation. It ensures the tank's anti-collapse performance from both thermodynamic and kinetic dimensions, constructing a comprehensive safety barrier against leakage at high temperatures and ice blockage at low temperatures. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the full sectional front view structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control unit in this invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer block and damping hole in this invention.

[0025] The reference numerals in the attached drawings are as follows: 1. Housing; 2. Flame-arresting part; 21. Connecting channel; 22. Flame-arresting assembly; 221. Flame-arresting plate; 222. Flame-arresting hole; 23. Protective cover; 24. Connecting rod; 3. Adjusting part; 31. Intake valve seat; 32. Exhaust valve seat; 33. Intake valve plate; 34. Exhaust valve plate; 35. Conveying hole; 36. Conveying pipe; 37. Slide cylinder; 38. Slide rod; 39. Piston plate; 310. Piston rod; 311, elastic component; 4, control unit; 41, buffer block; 42, damping adjustment mechanism; 421, air inlet; 422, single air inlet component; 423, damping chamber; 424, exhaust port; 425, single exhaust component; 426, temperature sensing chamber; 427, temperature sensing gas; 428, damping hole; 429, control groove; 4210, control board; 4211, reset component; 43, piston chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] During operation, the volume of the vapor space in a gas station's storage tank will dynamically fluctuate due to oil loading and unloading operations and changes in ambient temperature. Under extreme weather conditions or high-intensity oil turnover operations, the pressure inside the tank will exhibit violent oscillation characteristics. When encountering a sustained high-temperature environment or rapid oil unloading conditions, the increase in oil vapor pressure and the superposition of thermal expansion effects will cause the pressure inside the tank to rise sharply. If the pressure exceeds the tank's design pressure limit, the tank wall material will undergo excessive elastic deformation. Under long-term action, this may lead to local yielding instability, causing the tank to bulge and deform or even tear the welds, significantly increasing the probability of fire and explosion accidents. Conversely, in a low-temperature environment or during high-volume oil unloading operations, the oil shrinkage will cause the vapor space volume to increase, and the pressure inside the tank will drop sharply, creating a negative pressure condition. When the absolute pressure is lower than the safety threshold of the pressure difference between the tank structure strength and atmospheric pressure, the tank wall will bear net pressure pointing inward. In the case of breather valve failure or delayed gas replenishment, this may cause the tank to collapse and deform inward, resulting in structural damage.

[0029] To resolve the above technical issues, please refer to Figures 1 to 4As shown, the first embodiment of the present invention provides a flame-arresting vacuum pressure breathing valve, including a housing 1, a flame-arresting part 2, and an adjusting part 3. The flame-arresting part 2 includes a connecting channel 21 communicating with the housing 1. A flame-arresting component 22 is provided at the opening of the connecting channel 21. A protective cover 23 is provided on the outside of the connecting channel 21. The adjusting part 3 includes an inlet valve seat 31 and an exhaust valve seat 32. An inlet valve plate 33 that can move up and down and cooperates with the inlet valve seat 31 is provided inside the housing 1. An exhaust valve plate 34 that can move up and down and cooperates with the exhaust valve seat 32 is provided inside the housing 1.

[0030] The outer side of the connecting channel 21 is fixedly connected to the protective cover 23 by multiple connecting rods 24. The fire-arresting component 22 includes multiple fire-arresting plates 221, and multiple fire-arresting holes 222 are provided on the fire-arresting plates 221. The fire-arresting holes 222 on each two adjacent fire-arresting plates 221 are interconnected.

[0031] The intake valve seat 31 and the exhaust valve seat 32 are respectively provided with conveying holes 35, and the inner wall of the housing 1 is provided with a conveying pipe 36, with both ends of the conveying pipe 36 connected to the corresponding conveying holes 35.

[0032] The top of the housing 1 is provided with a slide cylinder 37, and a slide rod 38 is slidably connected inside the slide cylinder 37. The lower end of the slide rod 38 is fixedly connected to the intake valve plate 33.

[0033] A piston chamber 43 is provided inside the buffer block 41. A piston part is provided inside the piston chamber 43. The piston part includes a piston plate 39, a piston rod 310 and an elastic component 311. Specifically, the piston plate 39 is slidably connected inside the piston chamber 43. The bottom of the piston plate 39 is provided with a piston rod 310 that passes through the buffer block 41 and is fixedly connected to the exhaust valve plate 34. An elastic component 311 is provided on the piston rod 310. The elastic component 311 is a spring that is fitted on the piston rod 310 and is located between the piston rod 310 and the exhaust valve plate 34.

[0034] During use, the housing 1 can be assembled with the top of the oil tank. When the pressure of the oil and gas in the oil tank is high, the gas in the oil tank pushes the exhaust valve plate 34 to move upward. The exhaust valve plate 34 drives the piston rod 310 to move upward and compress the elastic component 311. The gas in the oil tank flows out from the gap between the exhaust valve plate 34 and the exhaust valve seat 32. The gas flowing out of the oil tank flows to the flame arrestor component 22 through the connecting channel 21. The gas flows to the protective cover 23 through the flame arrestor hole 222 on the flame arrestor plate. Finally, the gas flows to the outside through the protective cover 23 to perform a pressure relief operation, so that the pressure of the gas in the oil tank gradually decreases. When the pressure of the gas in the oil tank decreases to the set value, the pressure of the gas in the oil tank is not enough to support the exhaust valve plate 34. The exhaust valve plate 34 moves downward under the combined action of gravity and the elastic component 311. When the exhaust valve plate 34 moves downward to the limit position, the exhaust valve plate 34 and the exhaust valve seat 32 cooperate to complete the sealing of the oil tank.

[0035] When the pressure inside the oil storage tank is low, the pressure of the external gas is greater than the pressure of the gas inside the oil storage tank plus the weight of the inlet valve plate 33. At this time, the external gas enters the flame arrestor hole 222 of the flame arrestor plate through the protective cover 23. If the external gas is mixed with an ignition source and enters the flame arrestor 2, the ignition source will be driven by the gas to pass through the flame arrestor hole 222 of the flame arrestor plate, thereby achieving energy loss of the flame and interruption of the combustion chain reaction, isolating the external ignition source from contact with the combustible gas inside the tank. The external gas pushes the inlet valve plate 33 to move upward, and the inlet valve plate 33 drives the slide rod 38 to move upward relative to the slide cylinder 37. The external gas enters the top of the shell 1 through the gap between the inlet valve plate 33 and the inlet valve seat 31, and the gas enters the delivery pipe 36 through the upper delivery hole 35. The gas then enters the oil storage tank through the lower conveying hole 35, replenishing the pressure inside the tank. When the pressure inside the tank increases to the set range, the external gas is insufficient to push the inlet valve plate 33. Under the action of gravity, the inlet valve plate 33 moves downward to the initial position, and the inlet valve plate 33 cooperates with the inlet valve seat 31, closing the inlet passage. Through the coordinated arrangement of the inlet valve plate 33, exhaust valve plate 34, conveying pipe 36, elastic component 311, slide rod 38, and slide cylinder 37, the oil storage tank pressure is affected by temperature fluctuations, material changes, and environmental factors. Through dynamic pressure regulation, structural protection, and loss control, the system adaptively adjusts the intake and exhaust, ensuring the safe storage of the oil storage tank and preventing cracking or collapse.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Under high-temperature conditions, the medium inside the tank evaporates rapidly due to heat, accompanied by the thermal expansion effect of the gas, resulting in a significant increase in the rate of pressure rise inside the tank. This sudden pressure change directly shortens the breathing valve's operating cycle, forcing the valve plate to open and close frequently. Long-term reciprocating motion will aggravate the mechanical wear of the actuator, manifested as irreversible damage such as the accumulation of wear on the sealing surface and increased spring fatigue. Ultimately, this leads to a drift in the breathing valve's operating response threshold, with the sensitivity gradually decreasing. During the breathing cycle under low-temperature conditions, the low-temperature medium undergoes forced convection heat exchange with the external environment. When the ambient humidity reaches the dew point temperature, water vapor in the air will sublimate and crystallize on the cold end surface of the valve body, forming an ice crystal deposit layer. The mechanical jamming of the ice layer obstructs the opening and closing stroke of the valve plate. The low-temperature medium can also induce the phenomenon of oil wax precipitation. The wax crystal deposits gradually accumulate on the inner wall of the valve cavity, forming a viscous blocking layer, reducing the gas flow cross-sectional area. This double blocking effect not only reduces the breathing valve's flow capacity but also causes abnormal negative pressure in the tank during rapid depressurization, which may lead to instability and deformation of the tank wall in extreme cases.

[0038] Please see Figures 1 to 4As shown, the control unit 4 includes a buffer block 41 disposed in the housing 1. The buffer block 41 is provided with a damping adjustment mechanism 42, which can control the closing time of the exhaust valve plate 34 according to the temperature change.

[0039] The one-way air intake mechanism includes an air intake port 421 and a single air intake component 422 disposed in the air intake port 421. Specifically, the bottom of the housing 1 is provided with an air intake port 421 that communicates with the piston chamber 43, and the single air intake component 422 is disposed in the air intake port 421.

[0040] The one-way exhaust mechanism includes an exhaust port 424 and a one-way exhaust component 425 disposed in the exhaust port 424. The specific damping control mechanism 42 includes a damping cavity 423 opened in the housing 1. The damping cavity 423 is connected to the piston cavity 43 through the exhaust port 424 opened in the housing 1. The one-way exhaust component 425 is disposed in the exhaust port 424.

[0041] The temperature control shielding mechanism includes a temperature sensing cavity 426, a temperature sensing gas 427, a control plate 4210, and a reset assembly 4211. Specifically, a temperature sensing cavity 426 is provided on the top of the housing 1, and a temperature sensing gas 427 is provided inside the temperature sensing cavity 426. The volume of the temperature sensing gas 427 can change with the temperature. Multiple damping holes 428 communicating with damping cavities 423 are provided on the side wall of the housing 1. A control groove 429 is provided on the housing 1. The top of the control groove 429 communicates with the temperature sensing cavity 426, and the bottom of the control groove 429 communicates with the damping holes 428. A control plate 4210 capable of shielding the damping holes 428 is slidably connected inside the control groove 429. A reset assembly 4211 is provided on the top of the control plate 4210. The reset assembly 4211 is a reset spring. The upper end of the reset spring is connected to the side wall of the control groove 429, and the lower end of the reset spring is connected to the control plate 4210.

[0042] Based on the above embodiments, when the external temperature is high, as mentioned above, the gas evaporation rate in the oil storage tank is faster, the gas pressure above the oil storage tank increases, and the gas in the oil storage tank pushes the exhaust valve plate 34 to open upward. During the upward movement of the exhaust valve plate 34, the piston rod 310 drives the piston plate 39 to move upward in the piston chamber 43. Because the bottom of the housing 1 is provided with an air inlet 421 communicating with the piston chamber 43, and the air inlet 421 is provided with a single air inlet assembly 422, the damping control mechanism 42 includes a damping chamber 423 opened in the housing 1. The damping chamber 423 is connected to the piston chamber 43 through an exhaust port 424 opened in the housing 1. A single exhaust assembly 425 is provided, which allows gas from the housing 1 to enter the piston chamber 43 through the air inlet 421 when the piston plate 39 moves upward within the piston chamber 43. When the pressure in the oil tank reaches a set range, the gas in the oil tank is insufficient to support the exhaust valve plate 34, and the exhaust valve plate 34 falls under the force of gravity and the reset assembly 4211. Due to the temperature increase, the temperature in the temperature sensing chamber 426 increases, and the temperature-sensing gas 427 in the temperature sensing chamber 426 expands due to the temperature increase. The temperature-sensing gas 427 pushes the control plate 4210 in the control groove 429 downward and stretches the reset assembly 4211. During the downward movement of the control plate 4210, it shields... The increased number of damping orifices 428 reduces the number of damping orifices 428 connected to the damping cavity 423. The exhaust valve plate 34, via the piston rod 310, drives the piston plate 39 downwards within the piston cavity 43, allowing gas in the piston cavity 43 to enter the damping cavity 423 through the exhaust port 424. The gas then exits through the damping orifices 428 within the damping cavity 423. Due to the smaller diameter of the damping orifices 428, the frictional resistance between the gas and the damping orifices 428 during the piston plate 39's downward movement acts as resistance. Because the number of damping orifices 428 connected to the damping cavity 423 is reduced at this point, the gas flow rate increases, resulting in... Increased friction slows the descent speed of piston plate 39, which in turn slows the downward movement of exhaust valve plate 34 via piston rod 310. At higher temperatures, this extends the opening time of exhaust valve plate 34, increasing the venting time in the reservoir and thus increasing the pressure difference between the reservoir and the pre-venting pressure. As exhaust valve plate 34 closes until it opens again, the time it takes for the gas in the reservoir to reach the preset pressure value increases. This reduces the number of opening and closing cycles of exhaust valve plate 34 in high-temperature environments, preventing wear between exhaust valve plate 34 and exhaust valve seat 32 due to frequent opening, extending the service life of components, and ensuring the sensitivity of the breather valve.

[0043] When the outside temperature is low and the oil storage tank needs to be vented, the vent valve plate 34 drives the piston plate 39 to move upward via the piston rod 310. During the upward movement of the piston plate 39, the gas inside the housing 1 is drawn into the damping chamber 423. When the gas in the oil storage tank is insufficient to support the vent valve plate 34, the vent valve plate 34 moves upward under the force of gravity and the elastic component 311. Due to the low temperature, the temperature inside the temperature sensing chamber 426 is low, causing the gas volume inside the temperature sensing chamber 426 to decrease. The control plate 4210 moves upward under the pull of the reset component 4211. During the upward movement of the control plate 4210, the number of damping holes 428 blocked by the control plate 4210 decreases, making the connection with the damping chamber 423 more open. With an increased number of damping orifices 428, when the gas in the damping cavity 423 is discharged through multiple damping orifices 428, the frictional resistance of the discharge is reduced, which reduces the resistance when the piston rod 310 falls. The time it takes for the piston rod 310 to drive the exhaust valve plate 34 to move downward is reduced, which reduces the opening time of the exhaust valve plate 34 in low-temperature environments. This can effectively reduce the residence time of condensate and prevent ice crystals from clogging the flame arrestor orifice 222. The rapid action can reduce the number of frictions between the exhaust valve plate 34 and the exhaust valve seat 32 at low temperatures. By reducing problems such as icing, jamming, and sealing failure, the cycle of maintenance operations such as flame arrestor cleaning and spring calibration can be extended. At the same time, excessive heat loss is avoided, ensuring the sensitivity of the breather valve and preventing the oil tank from being collapsed.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire damper vacuum pressure breather valve comprising a housing, characterized in that, Also include: The exhaust valve plate is provided in the shell, the buffer block is provided above the exhaust valve plate, the piston cavity is opened in the buffer block, and the damping cavity is provided outside the piston cavity; The piston cavity is provided with a piston part connected with the exhaust valve plate, the bottom of the piston cavity is provided with a one-way air inlet mechanism, the side wall of the piston cavity is provided with a one-way air outlet mechanism, and the one-way air outlet mechanism is located below the piston part; The damping cavity is provided with an array of damping holes outside, and the damping cavity is provided with a temperature control shielding mechanism above for stepwise shielding of the damping holes, so that the movement speed of the piston part and the exhaust valve plate is negatively correlated with the temperature. The one-way air inlet mechanism comprises an air inlet hole and a single air inlet assembly arranged in the air inlet hole, and the one-way air outlet mechanism comprises an air outlet hole and a single air outlet assembly arranged in the air outlet hole. The damping cavity is communicated with the piston cavity through the exhaust hole opened in the shell. The temperature control shielding mechanism comprises a temperature sensing cavity, a temperature sensing gas, a control plate and a reset assembly, the temperature sensing cavity is opened at the top of the shell, the temperature sensing gas is arranged in the temperature sensing cavity, and the volume of the temperature sensing gas can change with the temperature. A plurality of damping holes are opened in the side wall of the shell and communicated with the damping cavity, a control groove is opened in the shell, the top of the control groove is communicated with the temperature sensing cavity, and the bottom of the control groove is communicated with the damping hole; the control plate capable of shielding the damping hole is slidably connected in the control groove, the reset assembly is arranged on the top of the control plate, the reset assembly is a reset spring, the upper end of the reset spring is connected with the side wall of the control groove, and the lower end of the reset spring is connected with the control plate.

2. The fire damper vacuum pressure breather valve of claim 1, wherein, The shell is provided with a fireproof part, which comprises a connecting channel communicated with the shell, the connecting channel is provided with a fireproof assembly at the opening, and the connecting channel is provided with a protective cover outside.

3. The fire damper vacuum pressure breather valve of claim 2, wherein, The connecting channel is fixedly connected with the protective cover outside through a plurality of connecting rods, the fireproof assembly comprises a plurality of fireproof sheets, a plurality of fireproof holes are opened in the fireproof sheets, and the fireproof holes in every two adjacent fireproof sheets are communicated with each other.

4. The fire damper vacuum pressure breather valve of claim 3, wherein, The shell is provided with an adjusting part, which comprises an air inlet valve seat and an air outlet valve seat, the shell is provided with an air inlet valve plate capable of moving up and down and matched with the air inlet valve seat, and the air outlet valve plate is matched with the air outlet valve seat.

5. The fire damper vacuum pressure breather valve of claim 4, wherein, The air inlet valve seat and the air outlet valve seat are respectively provided with a conveying hole, and the inner wall of the shell is provided with a conveying pipe communicated with the corresponding conveying hole at both ends.

6. The fire damper vacuum pressure breather valve of claim 5, wherein, The top of the shell is provided with a sliding cylinder, a sliding rod is slidably connected in the sliding cylinder, and the lower end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with the air inlet valve plate.

7. The fire damper vacuum pressure breather valve of claim 6, wherein, The piston part comprises a piston plate, a piston rod and an elastic assembly, the piston plate is slidably connected in the piston cavity, the piston rod is fixedly connected with the exhaust valve plate and penetrates the buffer block at the bottom of the piston plate, and the elastic assembly is arranged on the piston rod.

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