Method and system for assessing vulnerability of rotten wood cultural relics in water and soil burying environment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and system for evaluating the vulnerability of rotten wood cultural relics in a water and soil burying environment. The method is applied to the technical field of cultural relic vulnerability assessment, and comprises the following steps: acquiring environmental parameters in a water and soil environment, and calculating to obtain an environmental comprehensive action coefficient influencing a cultural relic state after preprocessing; performing multi-dimensional vulnerability analysis on the rotten wood cultural relics in the water and soil burying environment, and calculating to obtain influence parameters of the vulnerability of the cultural relics; and based on the influence parameters, calculating to obtain a cultural relic vulnerability index by adopting a nonlinear coupling method, and based on the index, carrying out cultural relic vulnerability grade division and carrying out protection decision making. In this way, vulnerability determination under the complex condition of water and soil coverage is effectively achieved, targeted protection measures are taken according to the vulnerability determination, and the environmental response sensitivity and the engineering guidance value are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of cultural relic vulnerability assessment, and in particular to a method and system for assessing the vulnerability of decayed wood cultural relics in a soil and water burial environment. Background Art

[0002] Among different decayed wood cultural relics, there are many cultural relics from various dynasties, which helps historians to study and discover the cultural characteristics and productivity levels of different places in each dynasty.

[0003] Decayed wood cultural relics have been in the soil and water burial environment for a very long time, and there are attachments of different thicknesses such as sediment inside and outside the cultural relics; after being recovered, they experience dry-wet changes and are relatively fragile in the overall structure. And according to the different sinking and placement postures of the cultural relics, the postures when they are recovered to the restoration laboratory are also different. Therefore, when restoring decayed wood cultural relics in a soil and water burial environment, it is necessary to consider both the state of the cultural relics during restoration and the adjustment and alignment of the overall posture of the cultural relics after restoration. Most traditional vulnerability assessments use methods such as expert scoring method, analytic hierarchy process, and comprehensive index method. Although these methods have a certain degree of authority in the evaluation by experts, due to subjective evaluation, it is difficult to avoid errors caused by subjective situations in the evaluation results.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can evaluate the vulnerability of cultural relics based on real-time monitoring and actual collected data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present disclosure provides a method and system for assessing the vulnerability of decayed wood cultural relics in a soil and water burial environment. By real-time monitoring environmental parameters and introducing environmental impact factors for cultural relic vulnerability evaluation, it solves at least the technical problems of strong subjectivity and large errors in the existing methods.

[0006] According to the first aspect of the present disclosure, a method for assessing the vulnerability of decayed wood cultural relics in a soil and water burial environment is provided, including the following steps:

[0007] Collect environmental parameters in the soil and water environment, and after preprocessing, calculate the environmental comprehensive action coefficient affecting the state of the cultural relics;

[0008] Conduct multi-dimensional vulnerability analysis on the decayed wood cultural relics in the soil and water burial environment, and calculate the influencing parameters of the cultural relic vulnerability;

[0009] Based on the influencing parameters, use a non-linear coupling method to calculate the cultural relic vulnerability index, and based on the index, conduct cultural relic vulnerability level division and make protection decisions.

[0010] For the aspects and any possible implementation manners described above, a further implementation manner is provided. The process of collecting environmental parameters in the soil and water environment, and calculating the comprehensive environmental effect coefficient affecting the state of cultural relics after preprocessing is as follows:

[0011] Collect the soil humidity, pH value, temperature, oxygen content, microbial activity, ion concentration, and pressure value in the soil and water environment to obtain environmental factors, and perform standardization processing on each of them;

[0012] Determine the dynamic weight coefficient through the analytic hierarchy process, and calculate the comprehensive environmental effect coefficient based on the dynamic weight coefficient and the standardized environmental factors.

[0013] For the aspects and any possible implementation manners described above, a further implementation manner is provided. The specific form of the dynamic weight coefficient is as follows:

[0014]

[0015] where ω i,0 is the reference weight of environmental factor i, X ref is the reference value of environmental factor i, and ΔX i (t) is the real-time change rate of the environmental factor at time t.

[0016] For the aspects and any possible implementation manners described above, a further implementation manner is provided. The influencing parameters of the vulnerability of cultural relics include the degradation degree of cultural relic materials, the structural stability of cultural relics, the biological erosion degree of cultural relics, the chemical corrosion degree of cultural relics, and the stress accumulation effect of cultural relics.

[0017] For the aspects and any possible implementation manners described above, a further implementation manner is provided. The calculation process of the degradation degree of cultural relic materials is as follows:

[0018] Measure the change rate of cellulose crystallization of cultural relics by infrared spectroscopy, calculate the degree of cellulose chain breakage caused by corrosion of rotten wood cultural relics, and obtain the change rate of cellulose crystallinity;

[0019] Measure the loss rate of lignin phenolic hydroxyl groups of cultural relics by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, calculate the degree of lignin oxidative degradation caused by corrosion of rotten wood cultural relics, and obtain the loss rate of lignin phenolic hydroxyl groups;

[0020] Calculate the material degradation degree based on the change rate of cellulose crystallinity and the loss rate of lignin phenolic hydroxyl groups.

[0021] For the aspects and any possible implementation manners described above, a further implementation manner is provided. The calculation process of the structural stability of cultural relics is as follows:

[0022] The rotten wood cultural relics are processed by the pressure pump method, the pore characteristics of the cultural relics are monitored, the initial porosity is determined, and the ratio of the real-time porosity to the initial porosity is calculated through real-time monitoring;

[0023] The rotten wood cultural relics are measured by the drainage method, the density characteristics of the cultural relics are monitored, the initial density is determined, and the ratio of the real-time density to the initial density is calculated through real-time monitoring;

[0024] The structural stability value of the cultural relics is calculated based on the ratio of the real-time porosity to the initial porosity and the ratio of the real-time density to the initial density.

[0025] For the aspects and any possible implementation manners as described above, a further implementation manner is provided. The specific calculation process of the vulnerability index of the cultural relics is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Wherein, V is the vulnerability index, λ is the comprehensive environmental action coefficient, Dm is the degradation degree of the cultural relic material, Ss is the structural stability of the cultural relic, Be is the biological erosion degree of the cultural relic, Cc is the chemical corrosion degree of the cultural relic, Ep is γ is the composite degradation degree, η is the microbial inhibition factor, κ is the pore connectivity index, and ζ is the cumulative coefficient of wet and dry cycles.

[0028] For the aspects and any possible implementation manners as described above, a further implementation manner is provided. The specific process of classifying the vulnerability level of the cultural relics based on the index and making a protection decision is as follows:

[0029] When the vulnerability index is in the range of [0, 0.3), it is determined that the level is low vulnerability, and the protection decision is set as that the degradation of the cultural relic is slight, the structure is stable, and no emergency intervention is required;

[0030] When the vulnerability index is in the range of [0.3, 0.6), it is determined that the level is medium vulnerability, and the protection decision is set as that the local deterioration is significant and regular monitoring and preventive protection are required;

[0031] When the vulnerability index is in the range of [0.6, 0.9), it is determined that the level is high vulnerability, and the protection decision is set as that the structural integrity is on the verge of loss and immediate repair or environmental regulation is required;

[0032] When the vulnerability index is in the range of [0.9, 1], it is determined that the level is in an extremely critical state, and the protection decision is set as that the cultural relic is on the verge of disintegration and rescue excavation and in-situ or laboratory stabilization treatment are required.

[0033] For the aspects and any possible implementation manners as described above, a further implementation manner is provided. The process of requiring rescue excavation and implementing in-situ or laboratory stabilization treatment is as follows:

[0034] Use containers to remove cultural relics from the wild environment and detect possible cultural relic fragments in the water and soil around the main body of the cultural relic;

[0035] Maintain the original humidity and temperature environment of the cultural relics, remove the first layer of surrounding coverings, connect the vertical steel support boundaries around the cultural relics container, and use small steel connections between the cultural relics container and the vertical boundaries;

[0036] Place the oblique steel section at the bottom of the cultural relic shell, use steel pipes to connect the oblique steel section to the vertical steel support boundary, and add a servo system near the oblique steel section.

[0037] Remove the nth layer of surrounding covering, connect the vertical steel support boundary around the cultural relics, and use small steel connections between the cultural relics container and the vertical boundary;

[0038] Remove excess debris inside and outside the cultural relics, connect the steel sections used to support the bottom of the cultural relics into a whole, use a door frame or sliding support to adjust the position of the cultural relics, and use a formal support frame system to replace the original support.

[0039] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a vulnerability assessment system for rotting wood cultural relics in a water and soil burial environment is provided, comprising: a cultural relic data collection and processing module, a cultural relic vulnerability analysis module, and a cultural relic protection module;

[0040] The cultural relic data acquisition and processing module is used to collect environmental parameters under the water and soil environment, and after pre-processing, calculate the environmental comprehensive effect coefficient that affects the state of the cultural relic;

[0041] The cultural relic vulnerability analysis module is used to perform multi-dimensional vulnerability analysis on rotting wood cultural relics in a water and soil burial environment, and calculate the impact parameters of cultural relic vulnerability;

[0042] The cultural relic protection module is used to calculate the cultural relic vulnerability index based on the influencing parameters using a nonlinear coupling method, and to classify the cultural relic vulnerability levels based on the index and make protection decisions.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0044] By dynamically collecting environmental parameters and cultural relic parameters in real time, the present invention can identify the vulnerability of cultural relics under actual conditions, has high practical value, and introduces a real-time feedback mechanism, breaking through the traditional static weight model. For the first time, the micro-CT pore connectivity is incorporated into the quantification of vulnerability, and intervention measures such as sterilization technology are quantified as inhibition coefficients. Finally, a dynamic correlation between environmental fluctuations and material fatigue damage is established, and then the vulnerability identification under complex conditions of water and soil coverage is realized and targeted protection measures are taken accordingly, significantly improving the environmental response sensitivity and engineering guidance value. It can be regarded as a technological innovation in the evolution of vulnerability assessment from "static diagnosis" to "dynamic regulation".

[0045] It should be understood that the content described in the Summary of the Invention section is not intended to limit the key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In combination with the accompanying drawings and referring to the following detailed description, the above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure will become more obvious. The drawings are used to better understand the solution and do not constitute a limitation to the present disclosure. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, where:

[0047] Figure 1 FIG. shows a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating the vulnerability of decayed wood cultural relics in a water and soil burial environment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] Figure 2 FIG. shows a schematic structural diagram of a system for evaluating the vulnerability of decayed wood cultural relics in a water and soil burial environment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present disclosure belong to the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0050] To make the above objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] Referring to Figure 1 as shown, this embodiment provides a method for evaluating the vulnerability of decayed wood cultural relics in a water and soil burial environment, including the following steps:

[0052] S101. Collect the environmental parameters in the soil and water environment. After preprocessing, calculate the comprehensive environmental action coefficient affecting the state of the cultural relics.

[0053] In this embodiment, for the specific situation of the soil and water environment, let the set of environmental variables be E = {H, pH, T, O, M, I, P}, which represent soil humidity, pH value, temperature, oxygen content, microbial activity, ion concentration, and pressure respectively. The standardization functions for each parameter are as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, Xi is the measured value, and Xmax and Xmin are the extreme values of the same type of environmental factors.

[0056] Subsequently, calculate the comprehensive environmental action coefficient based on the standardized environmental factors. Specifically:

[0057]

[0058] Among them, λ is the comprehensive environmental action coefficient. The higher the value, the stronger the comprehensive deterioration driving force of the environment on the cultural relics, providing a benchmark input for the subsequent sub-models. ω i (t) is the weight coefficient, which is determined by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) combined with expert experience and corrected by the dynamic weight method, reflecting the relative contribution degree of each environmental factor to the deterioration of the rotten wood. The specific calculation process is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] Among them, ω i,0 is the benchmark weight of environmental factor i, X ref is the benchmark reference value of environmental factor i, and ΔX i (t) is the real-time change rate of the environmental factor at time t. Specifically:

[0061]

[0062] Among them, X i (t) is the environmental factor at time t.

[0063] S102. Conduct a multi-dimensional vulnerability analysis on the rotten wood cultural relics in the soil and water burial environment, and calculate the influencing parameters of the cultural relics' vulnerability.

[0064] Specifically, in this embodiment, since during the soil and water burial process, the rotten wood cultural relics will undergo biological evolution along with the soil and water evolution process, which will lead to the corrosion of the cultural relics. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on analyzing the influencing factors of the vulnerability of the cultural relics in the soil and water environment. Specifically:

[0065] First, calculate the degradation degree of the cultural relics' materials:

[0066] Measure the change rate of cellulose crystallization in cultural relics by infrared spectroscopy, calculate the degree of cellulose chain breakage caused by corrosion of rotten wood cultural relics, and obtain the change rate of cellulose crystallinity;

[0067] Subsequently, measure the loss rate of lignin phenolic hydroxyl groups in cultural relics by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, calculate the degree of lignin oxidative degradation caused by corrosion of rotten wood cultural relics, and obtain the loss rate of lignin phenolic hydroxyl groups;

[0068] Calculate the material degradation degree based on the change rate of cellulose crystallinity and the loss rate of lignin phenolic hydroxyl groups, specifically:

[0069]

[0070] Among them, Dm is the material degradation degree, α C is the change rate of cellulose crystallization, and β L is the loss rate of lignin phenolic hydroxyl groups.

[0071] Secondly, conduct a structural stability analysis of rotten wood cultural relics:

[0072] Treat the rotten wood cultural relics by the pressure pump method, monitor the pore characteristics of the cultural relics, determine the initial porosity, and calculate the ratio of the real-time porosity to the initial porosity through real-time monitoring;

[0073] Measure the rotten wood cultural relics by the drainage method, monitor the density characteristics of the cultural relics, determine the initial density, and calculate the ratio of the real-time density to the initial density through real-time monitoring;

[0074] Calculate the structural stability value of the cultural relics based on the ratio of the real-time porosity to the initial porosity and the ratio of the real-time density to the initial density, specifically:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, Ss is the structural stability value, Pt is the real-time porosity, P0 is the initial porosity, ρt is the real-time density, and ρ0 is the initial density.

[0077] Specifically, by calculating the structural stability, an increase in the Ss value (>1) indicates structural loosening, which is directly driven by pressure (P) and microbial erosion (M).

[0078] Subsequently, identify the degree of biological erosion. In the soil and water environment, various types of organisms live, and rotten wood cultural relics are prone to biological erosion. Specifically:

[0079] Collect biological samples near the cultural relics and use the plate counting method to count the biological live concentration per unit mass of the samples;

[0080] Set the temperature sensitivity coefficient and the critical humidity threshold of the cultural relic environment, collect the environmental humidity and temperature, and calculate the biological erosion degree in combination with the concentration of viable microorganisms per unit mass, specifically as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, Be is the biological erosion degree, Ma is the concentration of viable microorganisms per unit mass, T is the temperature, H is the humidity, Hc is the critical humidity threshold, taking 30%, and k is the temperature sensitivity coefficient, taking 0.1.

[0083] Subsequently, calculate the chemical corrosion degree of the rotten wood cultural relics, specifically as follows:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, l j is the concentration of the j-th ion, l j,std is the corrosion threshold of the j-th ion concentration, pH opt is the optimal pH value of the chemical stability of the wood material, and Cc is the chemical corrosion degree.

[0086] Finally, determine the stress accumulation effect of the cultural relics in the soil and water environment, specifically as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, Ep is the stress accumulation effect, P(τ) is the historical pressure measurement sequence, reconstructed through the buried layer geological exploration data, τ0 is the material memory coefficient, characterizing the time accumulation response characteristics of the rotten wood to stress. The irreversible damage of the long-term pressure to the microstructure is reflected by the Ep value, which is related to the current pressure and historical load.

[0089] S103. Based on the influence parameters, use the nonlinear coupling method to calculate the vulnerability index of the cultural relics, and classify the vulnerability level of the cultural relics based on the index and make protection decisions.

[0090] In this embodiment, after calculating the cultural relic vulnerability influence parameters respectively, calculate the vulnerability of the cultural relics to obtain the vulnerability index of the cultural relics. Specifically as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, V is the vulnerability index, γ is the composite degradation degree, η is the microbial inhibition factor, κ is the pore connectivity index, and ζ is the cumulative coefficient of wet and dry cycles.

[0093] In this embodiment, an adaptive improvement is made to the cultural relic vulnerability index. Specifically, in this embodiment, a composite degradation degree is constructed by integrating micro-damage physical indicators and dry shrinkage deformation restoration data, and a synergistic effect of chemical degradation and physical structure deterioration is constructed, specifically as follows:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, MWC and BD are micro-damage physical indicators.

[0096] At the same time, a new biological inhibition factor η is added in this embodiment. The biological erosion intensity is adjusted according to the sterilization device coverage rate, and the direct intervention effect of the cultural relic protection technology on the vulnerability index can be quantified through the biological inhibition factor.

[0097] Moreover, the cumulative effect of environmental fluctuations is enhanced in this embodiment. By increasing the dry-wet cycle cumulative coefficient ζ, the superimposed damage of periodic environmental changes is dynamically characterized, specifically as follows:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, ΔH k is the humidity change range of a single dry-wet cycle, and ΔT k is the temperature change range of a single dry-wet cycle. The fatigue damage mechanism of long-term environmental fluctuations on cultural relic materials can be revealed through the dry-wet cycle cumulative coefficient.

[0100] Finally, the three-dimensional structure stability is enhanced in this embodiment. By introducing the pore connectivity index κ, the degree of microstructural deterioration is quantified through micro-CT scanning, specifically as follows:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, Vt is the connected pore volume and Vz is the total pore volume.

[0103] By introducing the pore connectivity index, the instability risk of the overall structure of cultural relics can be characterized more accurately.

[0104] Subsequently, according to the actually calculated vulnerability index, the vulnerability level is divided, and corresponding measures are specifically taken, as shown in Table 1.

[0105] Table 1 Vulnerability levels, intervals, and corresponding measures

[0106]

[0107] For cultural relics in the critically endangered state, the excavation stabilization process adopted in this embodiment is specifically as follows: The cultural relics are taken out of the field environment using a container, and the possible cultural relic fragments in the soil and water around the main body of the cultural relics are detected;

[0108] Maintain the original humidity and temperature environment of the cultural relics. Excavate the surrounding covering of the first layer. Connect the vertical steel supports at the boundary around the cultural relic container, and use small steel to connect the cultural relic container and the vertical boundary.

[0109] Place the diagonal steel into the bottom of the cultural relic shell. Use steel pipes to connect the diagonal steel and the vertical steel support boundary, and add a servo system near the diagonal steel on the steel pipe.

[0110] Excavate the surrounding covering of the nth layer. Connect the vertical steel supports at the boundary around the cultural relic, and use small steel to connect the cultural relic container and the vertical boundary.

[0111] Remove the redundant sundries inside and outside the cultural relics, connect the steel used for supporting the bottom of the cultural relics into a whole, use a portal frame or sliding support to correct the position of the cultural relics, and replace the original support with a formal support frame system.

[0112] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment also provides a vulnerability assessment system for rotten wood cultural relics in a water and soil burial environment, including: a cultural relic data acquisition and processing module 1, a cultural relic vulnerability analysis module 2, and a cultural relic protection module 3;

[0113] The cultural relic data acquisition and processing module 1 is used to collect environmental parameters in the water and soil environment. After preprocessing, calculate the comprehensive environmental action coefficient affecting the state of the cultural relics.

[0114] The cultural relic vulnerability analysis module 2 is used to perform multi-dimensional vulnerability analysis on the rotten wood cultural relics in the water and soil burial environment, and calculate the influencing parameters of the cultural relic vulnerability.

[0115] The cultural relic protection module 3 is used to calculate the cultural relic vulnerability index based on the influencing parameters by using a non-linear coupling method, and perform cultural relic vulnerability level classification and protection decision based on the index.

[0116] It should be noted that for the foregoing method embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations. However, those skilled in the art should know that the present disclosure is not limited by the described action sequence, because according to the present disclosure, certain steps can be performed in other sequences or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present disclosure.

[0117] It should be understood that various forms of processes shown above can be used, steps can be reordered, added or deleted. For example, the steps recorded in the present disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the results expected by the technical solutions disclosed in the present disclosure can be achieved. This is not limited herein.

[0118] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure shall be included within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A vulnerability assessment method for rotten wood cultural relics in a soil and water burial environment, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Collect environmental parameters in the soil and water environment. After preprocessing, calculate the comprehensive environmental effect coefficient affecting the state of cultural relics; Conduct multi-dimensional vulnerability analysis on the rotten wood cultural relics in the soil and water burial environment, and calculate the influencing parameters of the vulnerability of cultural relics; Based on the influencing parameters, use the non-linear coupling method to calculate the vulnerability index of cultural relics. Based on the index, divide the vulnerability level of cultural relics and make protection decisions.

2. The vulnerability assessment method for rotten wood cultural relics in the soil burial environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of collecting environmental parameters in the soil and water environment, and calculating the comprehensive environmental effect coefficient affecting the state of cultural relics after preprocessing is as follows: Collect the soil moisture, pH value, temperature, oxygen content, microbial activity, ion concentration and pressure value in the soil and water environment to obtain environmental factors, and perform standardization processing respectively; Determine the dynamic weight coefficient through the analytic hierarchy process, and calculate the comprehensive environmental effect coefficient based on the dynamic weight coefficient and the standardized environmental factors.

3. The vulnerability assessment method for rotten wood cultural relics in the soil burial environment according to claim 2, wherein The specific dynamic weight coefficient is: Among them, ω i,0 is the reference weight of environmental factor i, X ref is the reference value of environmental factor i, and ΔX i (t) is the real-time change rate of the environmental factor at time t.

4. The vulnerability assessment method for rotten wood cultural relics in the soil burial environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The influencing parameters of the vulnerability of cultural relics include the degradation degree of cultural relic materials, the structural stability of cultural relics, the biological erosion degree of cultural relics, the chemical corrosion degree of cultural relics, and the stress accumulation effect of cultural relics.

5. The vulnerability assessment method for rotten wood cultural relics in the soil burial environment according to claim 4, wherein The calculation process of the degradation degree of cultural relic materials is: Measure the change rate of cellulose crystallization of cultural relics by infrared spectroscopy, calculate the degree of cellulose chain breakage caused by corrosion of rotten wood cultural relics, and obtain the change rate of cellulose crystallinity; Measure the loss rate of lignin phenolic hydroxyl groups of cultural relics by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, calculate the degree of lignin oxidative degradation caused by corrosion of rotten wood cultural relics, and obtain the loss rate of lignin phenolic hydroxyl groups; Calculate the material degradation degree based on the change rate of cellulose crystallinity and the loss rate of lignin phenolic hydroxyl groups.

6. The vulnerability assessment method for rotted wood cultural relics in the soil burial environment according to claim 4, wherein The calculation process of the structural stability of cultural relics is: Treat the rotten wood cultural relics by the pressure pump method, monitor the pore characteristics of the cultural relics, determine the initial porosity, and calculate the ratio of the real-time porosity to the initial porosity through real-time monitoring; Measure the rotten wood cultural relics by the drainage method, monitor the density characteristics of the cultural relics, determine the initial density, and calculate the ratio of the real-time density to the initial density through real-time monitoring; Calculate the structural stability value of cultural relics based on the ratio of the real-time porosity to the initial porosity and the ratio of the real-time density to the initial density.

7. The vulnerability assessment method for rotten wood cultural relics in the soil burial environment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific calculation process of the vulnerability index of cultural relics is: Among them, V is the vulnerability index, λ is the comprehensive environmental effect coefficient, Dm is the degradation degree of cultural relic materials, Ss is the structural stability of cultural relics, Be is the biological erosion degree of cultural relics, Cc is the chemical corrosion degree of cultural relics, Ep is γ is the composite degradation degree, η is the microbial inhibition factor, κ is the pore connectivity index, and ζ is the cumulative coefficient of dry-wet cycle.

8. The vulnerability assessment method for rotten wood cultural relics in the soil burial environment according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific process of dividing the vulnerability level of cultural relics based on the index and making protection decisions is: When the vulnerability index is in the range of [0, 0.3), it is determined that the level is low vulnerability, and the protection decision is set as slight degradation of cultural relics, stable structure, and no emergency intervention; When the vulnerability index is in the range of [0.3, 0.6), it is determined that the level is moderate vulnerability, and the protection decision is set as significant local deterioration, requiring regular monitoring and preventive protection; When the vulnerability index is in the range of [0.6, 0.9), the identified level is high vulnerability, and the protection decision is set as the structural integrity is on the verge of loss, and immediate repair or environmental regulation needs to be implemented. When the vulnerability index is in the range of [0.9, 1], the identified level is critical state, and the protection decision is set as the cultural relics are on the verge of disintegration, and rescue excavation and in-situ or laboratory stabilization treatment need to be implemented.

9. The vulnerability assessment method for rotten wood cultural relics in the soil burial environment according to claim 8, wherein The process of the rescue excavation and in-situ or laboratory stabilization treatment to be implemented is as follows: Use a container to take out the cultural relics from the field environment, and detect the possible cultural relic fragments in the soil and water around the main body of the cultural relics. Keep the original humidity and temperature environment of the cultural relics, dig out the first layer of surrounding coverings, connect vertical steel supports at the boundary around the cultural relic container, and use small steel to connect the cultural relic container and the vertical boundary. Put the diagonal steel into the bottom of the outer shell of the cultural relics, use steel pipes to connect the diagonal steel and the vertical steel support boundary, and add a servo system near the steel pipes close to the diagonal steel. Dig out the nth layer of surrounding coverings, connect vertical steel supports at the boundary around the cultural relics, and use small steel to connect the cultural relic container and the vertical boundary. Remove the extra sundries inside and outside the cultural relics, connect the steel supports at the bottom of the cultural relics into a whole, use a gantry or sliding support to correct the position of the cultural relics, and replace the original supports with a formal support frame system.

10. A vulnerability assessment system for rotten wood cultural relics in a soil and water burial environment, which is implemented by using the vulnerability assessment method for rotten wood cultural relics in a soil and water burial environment according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that Including: A cultural relic data acquisition and processing module (1), a cultural relic vulnerability analysis module (2), and a cultural relic protection module (3); The cultural relic data acquisition and processing module (1) is used to collect environmental parameters in the soil and water environment, and after preprocessing, calculate the comprehensive environmental action coefficient affecting the state of the cultural relics. The cultural relic vulnerability analysis module (2) is used to perform multi-dimensional vulnerability analysis on the rotten wood cultural relics in the soil and water burial environment, and calculate the influencing parameters of the cultural relic vulnerability. The cultural relic protection module (3) is used to calculate the cultural relic vulnerability index by using a non-linear coupling method based on the influencing parameters, classify the cultural relic vulnerability level based on the index, and make a protection decision.

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