Building safety evaluation method based on BIM

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a BIM-based building safety evaluation method, and relates to the technical field of building safety evaluation technologies. Comprising the steps of obtaining building evaluation parameters and evaluation influence factors; determining a building evaluation strategy according to the building basic parameters and the environment data; based on the building evaluation strategy and the evaluation influence factors, dynamically adjusting the building evaluation parameters to determine target evaluation parameters; and inputting the target evaluation parameter into a pre-trained evaluation model to carry out building safety evaluation processing so as to obtain a building safety evaluation result. According to the invention, the problem of low safety evaluation accuracy of different types of buildings is solved, and the effect of improving the safety evaluation accuracy of the buildings is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of building safety evaluation. Specifically, the present invention relates to a BIM-based building safety evaluation method and device. Background Art

[0002] Building safety evaluation is an important part to ensure that buildings meet safety standards during the design, construction, and use processes. Traditional building safety evaluation methods mainly rely on manual inspections and empirical judgments. With the development of information technology and intelligent technology, building safety evaluation methods are also constantly evolving.

[0003] Currently, some advanced methods based on BIM models and big data analysis technologies have been applied to building safety evaluation, but there is still a problem that the evaluation criteria are single, resulting in inaccurate evaluations for buildings in different usage environments and of different types.

[0004] In response to the above problems, there is currently no good solution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a BIM-based building safety evaluation method to at least solve the problem of low accuracy in building safety evaluation in related technologies.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a BIM-based building safety evaluation method is provided, including:

[0007] Obtain building evaluation parameters and evaluation influencing factors, where the building evaluation parameters are determined based on historical data, and the evaluation influencing factors include at least any one of building basic parameters, environmental data, and building usage data, where the building usage data includes at least any one of building usage frequency, load-bearing capacity, and maintenance records;

[0008] Determine a building evaluation strategy according to the building basic parameters and environmental data, where the building evaluation strategy is determined based on the correlation between historical data and the building evaluation strategy;

[0009] Dynamically adjust the building evaluation parameters based on the building evaluation strategy and the evaluation influencing factors to determine target evaluation parameters;

[0010] Input the target evaluation parameters into a pre-trained evaluation model for building safety evaluation processing to obtain a building safety evaluation result.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, the building evaluation parameters are dynamically adjusted based on the following formula:

[0012]

[0013] Wherein, P adj is the target evaluation parameter after dynamic adjustment, and P base is the building evaluation parameter without dynamic adjustment, w i is the influence weight of each evaluation influencing factor, and f i (X i ) is the influence function corresponding to each evaluation influencing factor.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment, the building basic parameters include the building age, and the first influencing factor corresponding to the building age is obtained based on the following formula:

[0015]

[0016] Wherein, f1(X1) is the first influence function, λ1 is the building performance decay coefficient, and X1 is the building age.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment, after obtaining the evaluation influencing factors, the method further includes:

[0018] Performing normalization processing on the evaluation influencing factors to obtain influence factor values;

[0019] Based on the preset construction rules, constructing an influence factor matrix based on the influence factor values;

[0020] Performing correlation calculation on the influence factor matrix, and determining that the influence factors are abnormal when the correlation calculation result does not meet the preset correlation conditions

[0021] According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a BIM-based building safety evaluation device, including:

[0022] A parameter acquisition module, configured to acquire building evaluation parameters and evaluation influencing factors, wherein the building evaluation parameters are determined based on historical data, and the evaluation influencing factors include at least any one of building basic parameters, environmental data, and building usage data, and wherein the building usage data includes at least any one of building usage frequency, load-bearing capacity, and maintenance records;

[0023] A strategy determination module, configured to determine a building evaluation strategy according to the building basic parameters and environmental data, wherein the building evaluation strategy is determined based on the association relationship between historical data and the building evaluation strategy;

[0024] A parameter determination module, configured to dynamically adjust the building evaluation parameters based on the building evaluation strategy and the evaluation influencing factors to determine the target evaluation parameters;

[0025] A safety evaluation module for inputting the target evaluation parameters into a pre-trained evaluation model for building safety evaluation processing to obtain a building safety evaluation result.

[0026] In an exemplary embodiment, the building evaluation parameters are dynamically adjusted based on the following formula:

[0027]

[0028] Wherein, P adj is the target evaluation parameter after dynamic adjustment, P base is the building evaluation parameter without dynamic adjustment, w i is the influence weight of each evaluation influencing factor, and f i (X i ) is the influence function corresponding to each evaluation influencing factor.

[0029] In an exemplary embodiment, the building basic parameters include the building age, and the first influence function corresponding to the building age is obtained based on the following formula:

[0030]

[0031] Wherein, f1(X1) is the first influence function, λ1 is the building performance attenuation coefficient, and X1 is the building age.

[0032] In an exemplary embodiment, the device further includes:

[0033] A normalization processing module for normalizing the influencing factors after obtaining the evaluation influencing factors to obtain influence factor values;

[0034] A matrix construction module for constructing an influence factor matrix based on the influence factor values according to a preset construction rule;

[0035] An anomaly judgment module for performing a correlation calculation on the influence factor matrix, and determining that the influence factor is abnormal when the correlation calculation result does not meet the preset correlation condition.

[0036] According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments when running.

[0037] According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments.

[0038] Through the present invention, since the evaluation parameters of building safety are dynamically adjusted according to different impact factors, the evaluation results of building safety change with the changes of influencing factors such as the type of building and the use environment, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the evaluation results. Therefore, the problem of low accuracy of building safety evaluation can be solved, and the effect of improving the accuracy of building safety evaluation can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a BIM-based building safety evaluation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of a BIM-based building safety evaluation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0042] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0043] In this embodiment, a BIM-based building safety evaluation method is provided. Figure 1 is a flowchart of a BIM-based building safety evaluation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0044] Step S11, obtaining building evaluation parameters and evaluation influencing factors, wherein the building evaluation parameters are determined based on historical data, and the evaluation influencing factors include at least any one of building basic parameters, environmental data, and building usage data, wherein the building usage data includes at least any one of building usage frequency, load-bearing capacity, and maintenance records;

[0045] In this embodiment, the building evaluation parameters are the basic data for building safety evaluation, and the evaluation influencing factors are the influencing factors obtained from big data statistics regarding the changes in the safety coefficients of different types of buildings in different environments. For example, in the same environment, buildings of different ages have different degrees of aging and different abilities to withstand the surrounding environment, resulting in completely different evaluation criteria for their safety; the basic building parameters include (but are not limited to) building type parameters, structural parameters, building material parameters, service life, building height, building area, etc.; the environmental data includes (but is not limited to) geological conditions, climate characteristics, surrounding environment (noise, air quality, etc.); the usage frequency includes the number of uses per day, week, or month, and the load-bearing capacity includes the maximum load that the building structure can withstand, including the weight of people and equipment; the maintenance records include the maintenance history of the building, including the number of repairs, maintenance items, maintenance costs, etc.

[0046] It should be noted that the data collection of the evaluation influencing factors can be obtained by retrieving relevant online records of the building management unit through web crawlers and by detecting data through sensors installed at specific locations in the building, while the building evaluation parameters are obtained by collecting the parameter items set in the historical evaluation system.

[0047] Step S12, determine the building evaluation strategy according to the basic building parameters and the environmental data, where the building evaluation strategy is determined based on the association relationship between historical data and the building evaluation strategy;

[0048] In this embodiment, different building evaluation strategies need to be adopted for different buildings and different environments to adapt to different types of buildings and different environments and ensure the accuracy of the final evaluation results.

[0049] Among them, the building evaluation strategy includes evaluation weight parameters for different buildings in different environments, etc. This strategy is usually stored in the strategy library. The association relationship between the evaluation strategy and the building and the environment can be obtained by calculating the relationship of historical data through an association model (such as a decision tree or a random forest algorithm, etc.); for example, input the historical data into the association model, obtain the association relationship between building parameters - environmental data - evaluation strategy through the association model, and then store this association relationship in the strategy library for subsequent calls.

[0050] Step S13, dynamically adjust the building evaluation parameters based on the building evaluation strategy and the evaluation influencing factors to determine the target evaluation parameters;

[0051] In this embodiment, according to the building evaluation strategy and the evaluation influencing factors, determine the most appropriate weights and the calculation relationship of the evaluation parameters, so as to determine the most appropriate evaluation parameters to ensure the accuracy of the building safety evaluation.

[0052] For example, for a high-rise office building located in a coastal area, according to relevant strategies, the influence weights of various influencing factors are determined as wi, and the influencing factors are determined as building structure materials, design standards, geographical location, and climate conditions (wind speed, humidity, salt spray, etc.). Subsequently, the target parameter P finally used for safety evaluation is determined according to a specific formula.

[0053] It should be noted that compared with the prior art, the special adjustment of the building evaluation parameters in this embodiment is an important step to achieve precise safety evaluation of buildings of different types and in different environments, and it is also an important technical problem that cannot be solved by the prior art, which is of great significance to the development of this industry.

[0054] Step S14: Input the target evaluation parameter into a pre-trained evaluation model for building safety evaluation processing to obtain a building safety evaluation result.

[0055] In this embodiment, the evaluation model automatically evaluates the building safety according to the target evaluation parameter, thereby realizing the automation and precision of building safety evaluation, reducing the mistakes caused by manual evaluation, and improving the evaluation efficiency and accuracy.

[0056] It should be noted that after obtaining the building safety evaluation result, the relevant evaluation results or evaluation influencing factors can be input into the BIM model for manual secondary verification, or the collected evaluation influencing factors can be verified based on the GIS system; the evaluation result can be a specific score, or a level of "high-medium-low", or a safety level such as "normal-need maintenance-danger-extremely dangerous", or others, and the evaluation result can be visually displayed through a visualization device with different color identifications.

[0057] In an alternative embodiment, the building evaluation parameter is dynamically adjusted based on the following formula 1:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, P adj is the target evaluation parameter after dynamic adjustment, P base is the building evaluation parameter without dynamic adjustment, w i is the influence weight of each evaluation influencing factor, and f i (X i ) is the influence function corresponding to each evaluation influencing factor.

[0060] Among them, the influence function f i (X i ) includes the following:

[0061] 1. The basic parameters of the building represented by the building age, and the corresponding first influence function is obtained by the following formula 2:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, f1(X1) is the first influence function, λ1 is the building performance attenuation coefficient, and X1 is the building age.

[0064] 2. The second influence function corresponding to the environmental conditions is obtained by the following formula 3:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, λ2 is the environmental adjustment coefficient, θ2 is the threshold of the environmental conditions, and X2 is the actual value of the environmental conditions.

[0067] 3. The third influence function corresponding to the bearing load is obtained by the following formula 4:

[0068] f3(X3) = 1 + λ3·X3 (Formula 4)

[0069] In the formula, λ3 is the load coefficient, and X3 is the bearing load.

[0070] In an optional embodiment, after obtaining the evaluation influence factors, the method further includes:

[0071] Step S14, performing normalization processing on the evaluation influence factors to obtain influence factor values;

[0072] Step S15, constructing an influence factor matrix based on the influence factor values according to the preset construction rules;

[0073] Step S16, performing correlation calculation on the influence factor matrix, and determining that the influence factor is abnormal in the case where the correlation calculation result does not meet the preset correlation conditions.

[0074] In this embodiment, in order to further ensure the accuracy of the evaluation, it is also necessary to perform a correctness judgment calculation on the influence factors and other parameters, that is, to judge whether the relevant influence factors are reasonable. For example, for a house by the sea, its influence factors should mainly be wind speed, humidity, salt spray, etc. If it is in the mountain area, the influence factors are mainly disaster records such as earthquakes or mudslides, geological conditions, etc. If it is in the plain area, the influence factors are mainly flood records, rainfall, etc. If there is mudslide data in a building by the sea, it means that the data is abnormal, and so on.

[0075] For example, for a building in a mountainous area, collect its seismic activity data, average annual precipitation, and geological stability data, and normalize all of them. Subsequently, according to the importance of each factor, assign weights (such as a seismic activity weight of 0.3, a flood risk weight of 0.2, etc.), create a 4x4 impact factor matrix, where the rows represent different buildings and the columns represent different impact factors. Then, combine the normalized data and weights to fill the matrix. Subsequently, use the Pearson correlation coefficient to calculate the correlation between each impact factor in the matrix, and set the correlation threshold to 0.8. If the correlation coefficient between any two factors exceeds this threshold, it is considered an anomaly.

[0076] It should be noted that the correlation coefficient can also be calculated according to other calculation formulas, such as the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient, etc., and can be specifically adjusted and selected according to actual needs.

[0077] Through the description of the above implementation manners, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Of course, it can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation manner. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disc), and includes several instructions for causing a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.

[0078] In this embodiment, a BIM-based building safety evaluation device is also provided. This device is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred implementation manners, and those that have been described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can be a combination of software and / or hardware that can achieve a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementation by hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and contemplated.

[0079] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of a BIM-based building safety evaluation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 2 shown, the device includes:

[0080] A parameter acquisition module 21, configured to obtain building evaluation parameters and evaluation impact factors. Among them, the building evaluation parameters are determined based on historical data, and the evaluation impact factors include at least any one of building basic parameters, environmental data, and building usage data. Among them, the building usage data includes at least any one of building usage frequency, load-bearing capacity, and maintenance records;

[0081] A strategy determination module 22, configured to determine a building evaluation strategy according to the basic building parameters and environmental data, where the building evaluation strategy is determined based on the correlation between historical data and the building evaluation strategy;

[0082] A parameter determination module 23, configured to dynamically adjust the building evaluation parameters based on the building evaluation strategy and the evaluation influencing factors to determine target evaluation parameters;

[0083] A safety evaluation module 24, configured to input the target evaluation parameters into a pre-trained evaluation model for building safety evaluation processing to obtain a building safety evaluation result.

[0084] In an optional embodiment, the building evaluation parameters are dynamically adjusted based on the following formula:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, P adj is the target evaluation parameter after dynamic adjustment, P base is the building evaluation parameter without dynamic adjustment, w i is the influence weight of each evaluation influencing factor, f i (X i ) is the influence function corresponding to each evaluation influencing factor.

[0087] In an optional embodiment, the basic building parameters include the building age, and the first influence function corresponding to the building age is obtained based on the following formula:

[0088]

[0089] Where f1(X1) is the first influence function, λ1 is the building performance decay coefficient, and X1 is the building age.

[0090] In an optional embodiment, a normalization processing module is configured to perform normalization processing on the influencing factors after obtaining the evaluation influencing factors to obtain influence factor values;

[0091] A matrix construction module is configured to construct an influence factor matrix based on the influence factor values according to a preset construction rule;

[0092] An anomaly judgment module is configured to perform a correlation calculation on the influence factor matrix, and determine that the influence factor is abnormal when the correlation calculation result does not meet the preset correlation condition

[0093] It should be noted that the above-mentioned various modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, it can be implemented in the following ways, but not limited to: the above-mentioned modules are all located in the same processor; or, the above-mentioned various modules are respectively located in different processors in any combination form.

[0094] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. Wherein, the computer program is set to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments when running.

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, the above computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to: various media such as USB flash drives, read-only memories (ROMs for short), random access memories (RAMs for short), mobile hard disks, magnetic disks or optical discs that can store computer programs.

[0096] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. A computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is set to run the computer program to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments.

[0097] In an exemplary embodiment, the above electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input / output device. Wherein, the transmission device is connected to the above processor, and the input / output device is connected to the above processor.

[0098] The specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0099] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above-mentioned modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device. They can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented by program codes executable by the computing device. Thus, they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device. And in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here, or they can be separately made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps among them can be made into a single integrated circuit module to implement. In this way, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0100] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based building safety assessment method, characterized in that, include: Obtaining building evaluation parameters and evaluation influencing factors, wherein the building evaluation parameters are determined based on historical data, and the evaluation influencing factors include at least any one of basic building parameters, environmental data, and building usage data, wherein the building usage data includes at least any one of building usage frequency, bearing load, and maintenance records; Determining a building evaluation strategy based on the basic building parameters and environmental data, wherein the building evaluation strategy is determined based on a correlation between historical data and the building evaluation strategy; Based on the building evaluation strategy and the evaluation influencing factors, dynamically adjusting the building evaluation parameters to determine target evaluation parameters; The target evaluation parameters are input into a pre-trained evaluation model for building safety evaluation processing to obtain a building safety evaluation result.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The building evaluation parameters are dynamically adjusted based on the following formula: Where Padj is the target evaluation parameter after dynamic adjustment, P base is the building evaluation parameter that is not dynamically adjusted, w i is the influence weight of each evaluation factor, f i (X i ) is the influence function corresponding to each evaluation factor.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The basic building parameters include building age. The first influence function corresponding to the building age is obtained based on the following formula: Among them, f1(X1) is the first influence function, λ1 is the building performance attenuation coefficient, and X1 is the building age.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein After obtaining the evaluation influencing factors, the method further includes: Normalizing the evaluation influencing factors to obtain influencing factor values; Constructing an influencing factor matrix based on the influencing factor values according to a preset construction rule; A correlation calculation is performed on the influencing factor matrix, and when the correlation calculation result does not meet a preset correlation condition, it is determined that an abnormality exists in the influencing factor.

5. A building safety evaluation device based on BIM, characterized in that, include: a parameter acquisition module, configured to obtain building evaluation parameters and evaluation influencing factors, wherein the building evaluation parameters are determined based on historical data, and the evaluation influencing factors include at least any one of basic building parameters, environmental data, and building usage data, wherein the building usage data includes at least any one of building usage frequency, load bearing capacity, and maintenance records; a strategy determination module, configured to determine a building evaluation strategy based on the basic building parameters and environmental data, wherein the building evaluation strategy is determined based on an association between historical data and the building evaluation strategy; a parameter determination module, configured to dynamically adjust the building evaluation parameters based on the building evaluation strategy and the evaluation influencing factors to determine target evaluation parameters; The safety evaluation module is used to input the target evaluation parameters into a pre-trained evaluation model to perform building safety evaluation processing to obtain a building safety evaluation result.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The building evaluation parameters are dynamically adjusted based on the following formula: Where Padj is the target evaluation parameter after dynamic adjustment, P base is the building evaluation parameter that is not dynamically adjusted, w i is the influence weight of each evaluation factor, f i (X i ) is the influence function corresponding to each evaluation factor.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The basic building parameters include building age. The first influence function corresponding to the building age is obtained based on the following formula: Among them, f1(X1) is the first influence function, λ1 is the building performance attenuation coefficient, and X1 is the building age.

8. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The device also includes: A normalization processing module is used to perform normalization processing on the evaluation influencing factors after obtaining the evaluation influencing factors to obtain influencing factor values; A matrix construction module, configured to construct an influencing factor matrix based on the influencing factor values according to a preset construction rule; An anomaly determination module, configured to perform a correlation calculation on the influence factor matrix, and determine that the influence factor is abnormal when the correlation calculation result does not meet a preset correlation condition.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 4 when running.

10. An electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, characterized in that, A computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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