Extensible multi-path beam combining laser assembly and laser

Abstract

The invention discloses an extensible multi-path beam combination laser assembly and a laser, and relates to the technical field of laser beam combination. The extensible multi-path beam combining laser assembly comprises a half-wave plate, a reflecting element, a polaroid, a Q switch, a controller and 2n basic lasers. The basic laser can output initial pulse laser with the polarization direction being the first direction, every two of the 2n initial pulse laser beams can be combined into 2n-1 pulse laser beams, and every two of the 2n-1 pulse laser beams can be combined into 2n-2 pulse laser beams until the 2n pulse laser beams are combined into one beam of output pulse laser. When the Q switch is turned on, the polarization direction of the pulse laser penetrating through the Q switch can be deflected by 90 degrees. When the pulse laser beams are combined, the first pulse laser beam passes through a Q switch and a reflecting element which are arranged along the light path of the first pulse laser beam, the polarization direction is the first direction or the second direction, and the first pulse laser beam is reflected to a polaroid arranged along the light path of the second pulse laser beam to be combined. Therefore, beam combination of multiple paths of laser is achieved, and even if light path faults exist, the multiple paths of laser after beam combination can be output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the technical field of laser beam combining, and particularly to an expandable multi-channel beam combining laser component and a laser. Background Art

[0002] Particle image velocimetry is a method of measuring the flow velocity by recording the positions of tracer particles in the flow field through multiple camera shootings.

[0003] In the prior art, a double-exposure laser is usually used for particle image velocimetry experiments. The double-exposure laser can achieve two consecutive exposures and shorten the time interval for continuously collecting images. However, with the further in-depth research, the demand for multiple-exposure image velocimetry experiments is increasing, and there is an urgent need for a laser that can achieve 4 times, 8 times or even more exposures.

[0004] However, a multi-channel beam combining laser has high requirements for the optical path coincidence degree, and any minor fault in one of the optical paths may cause the laser to be unusable. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This specification provides an expandable multi-channel beam combining laser component and a laser to at least partially solve the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] This specification adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] This specification provides an expandable multi-channel beam combining laser component, including a half-wave plate, a reflection element, a polarizer, a Q-switch, a controller, and 2 n basic lasers, where n≥1 and n is an integer;

[0008] The basic laser can output an initial pulsed laser with a polarization direction of the first direction, and 2 n initial pulsed lasers can be combined in pairs into 2 n-1 pulsed lasers, 2 n-1 pulsed lasers can be combined in pairs into 2 n-2 pulsed lasers until they are combined into a single output pulsed laser;

[0009] During the process of combining two beams of initial pulsed lasers, the first beam of initial pulsed laser sequentially passes through a half-wave plate and a reflection element arranged along its optical path, the polarization direction is adjusted to the second direction, and is reflected to a polarizer arranged along the optical path of the second beam of initial pulsed laser. The second beam of initial pulsed laser irradiates the polarizer and is combined into a pulsed laser; the polarization direction of the polarizer is the first direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

[0010] The controller is connected to the Q-switch and is used to control the opening and closing of the Q-switch; when the Q-switch is opened, it can deflect the polarization direction of the pulsed laser passing through it by 90 degrees; during the process of combining two pulsed lasers, the first pulsed laser sequentially passes through the Q-switch and the reflection element arranged along its optical path, and the polarization direction is adjusted to the first direction or the second direction and is reflected to the polarizer arranged along the optical path of the second pulsed laser. After the second pulsed laser passes through the Q-switch, the polarization direction is adjusted to be perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first pulsed laser; the 2 n There is a pulse delay between the 2 n initial pulsed lasers output by the basic lasers.

[0011] Preferably, n≥2.

[0012] Preferably, a Q-switch is arranged along the optical path of the output pulsed laser;

[0013] The Q-switch is used to adjust the polarization directions of all photons constituting the output pulsed laser to be consistent.

[0014] Preferably, a frequency doubling crystal and a dichroic mirror are sequentially arranged along the optical path of the output pulsed laser;

[0015] The frequency doubling crystal is used to double the frequency of the output pulsed laser in which the polarization directions of all included photons are consistent;

[0016] The dichroic mirror can allow photons of a specific wavelength to pass through and is used to filter the photons that have not been frequency doubled.

[0017] Preferably, the parameter of the frequency doubling crystal is second harmonic generation.

[0018] Preferably, 2 frequency doubling crystals are configured;

[0019] The parameter of the frequency doubling crystal far from the dichroic mirror is second harmonic generation;

[0020] The parameter of the frequency doubling crystal close to the dichroic mirror is third harmonic generation or fourth harmonic generation.

[0021] Preferably, a half-wave plate and a polarizer are arranged along the optical path of the output pulsed laser;

[0022] The scalable multi-beam combined laser assembly includes a rotating table;

[0023] The half-wave plate arranged along the optical path of the output pulsed laser is fixedly connected to the rotating table, and the rotating table can drive the half-wave plate to rotate along the rotation axis parallel to the optical path of the output pulsed laser.

[0024] Preferably, the basic laser includes a rear mirror, a quarter-wave plate, a Q-switch, a polarizer, a working medium, a diaphragm, and an output mirror.

[0025] Preferably, at least one basic laser further includes an amplification stage;

[0026] The amplification stage is adjacent to the output mirror, and the amplification stage is not in the resonant cavity formed by the rear mirror and the output mirror; the amplification stage is used to amplify the energy of the initial pulsed laser.

[0027] Preferably, the controller is also communicatively connected to the Q-switches in the 2 n basic lasers; the controller is also used to control the opening and closing of the Q-switches in the 2 n basic lasers, so as to achieve timing control of the initial pulsed laser.

[0028] Preferably, the pumping method of the basic laser is xenon lamp pumping or LD pumping.

[0029] Preferably, there are at least two basic lasers with different structures among the 2 n basic lasers, so that there are at least two initial pulsed lasers with different pulse widths and / or pulse energies among the 2 n initial pulsed lasers, and the pulse delays of the at least two initial pulsed lasers are controllable.

[0030] Preferably, the polarization direction of the polarizer arranged along the optical path of the second pulsed laser is parallel or perpendicular to the first direction.

[0031] On the other hand, this specification provides a laser, which includes the scalable multi-beam combined laser assembly described in any of the above aspects.

[0032] At least one of the technical solutions adopted in this specification can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0033] According to the above content, the scalable multi-beam combined laser assembly includes a half-wave plate, a reflection element, a polarizer, a Q-switch, a controller, and 2 n basic lasers. Among them, the basic laser can output an initial pulsed laser with a polarization direction of the first direction, and the 2 n initial pulsed lasers can be combined in pairs into 2 n-1 pulsed lasers, and the 2 n-1 pulsed lasers can be combined in pairs into 2 n-2 pulsed lasers, until they are combined into one output pulsed laser. The 2 n basic lasers output 2 nThere is a pulse delay between each pair of initial pulsed lasers. During the beam combination process of the two initial pulsed lasers, the first pulsed laser sequentially passes through a half-wave plate and a reflection element arranged along its optical path, and its polarization direction is adjusted to a second direction and then reflected to a polarizer arranged along the optical path of the second initial pulsed laser. The second initial pulsed laser irradiates the polarizer, and the two are combined into a pulsed laser; the polarization direction of the polarizer is a first direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The controller is connected to the Q-switch and is used to control the opening and closing of the Q-switch. When the Q-switch is turned on, it can deflect the polarization direction of the pulsed laser passing through it by 90 degrees. During the beam combination process of the two pulsed lasers, the first pulsed laser sequentially passes through a Q-switch and a reflection element arranged along its optical path, and its polarization direction is adjusted to the first direction or the second direction and then reflected to a polarizer arranged along the optical path of the second pulsed laser. After the second pulsed laser passes through the Q-switch, its polarization direction is adjusted to be perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first pulsed laser.

[0034] It can be seen that the laser assembly realizes the beam combination of two lasers with orthogonal polarization directions through a polarizer, and completes the adjustment of the polarization direction of the combined pulsed laser through a Q-switch controlled by timing. Thus, during the process of ensuring the polarization direction, the beam combination of multiple lasers is achieved, and even if there are partial optical path failures, it does not affect other optical paths, and multiple combined lasers can still be output. Description of the Drawings

[0035] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of this specification and constitute a part of this specification. The schematic embodiments of this specification and their descriptions are used to explain this specification and do not constitute an improper limitation of this specification. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an expandable multi-beam combined laser assembly provided for an embodiment of this specification;

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an expandable multi-beam combined laser assembly provided for an embodiment of this specification;

[0038] Figure 3 is a partial schematic structural diagram of an expandable multi-beam combined laser assembly provided for an embodiment of this specification;

[0039] Figure 4 is a partial schematic structural diagram of an expandable multi-beam combined laser assembly provided for an embodiment of this specification;

[0040] Figure 5 is a partial schematic structural diagram of an expandable multi-beam combined laser assembly provided for an embodiment of this specification;

[0041] Figure 6 Partial structural schematic diagram of the scalable multi-channel combined laser assembly provided for an embodiment of this specification.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] Basic laser 1; half-wave plate 2; reflecting element 3; polarizer 4; Q-switch 5; first initial pulsed laser 61; second initial pulsed laser 62; pulsed laser 7; first pulsed laser 71; second pulsed laser 72; frequency doubling crystal 8; dichroic mirror 9; output pulsed laser 73; first frequency doubling crystal 81; second frequency doubling crystal 82. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this specification clearer, the technical solutions of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of this specification and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this specification, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the term "or" is generally used in the sense of including "and / or" unless otherwise clearly specified in the content.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. In addition, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] The following will describe in detail the technical solutions provided by each embodiment of this specification in conjunction with the drawings.

[0049] Figure 1 And Figure 2 Are all structural schematic diagrams of the scalable multi-channel combined laser assembly provided for an embodiment of this specification, as Figure 1 And Figure 2 Shown, the scalable multi-channel combined laser assembly includes a half-wave plate 2, a reflecting element 3, a polarizer 4, a Q-switch 5, a controller, and 2 n Basic lasers 1. Among them, n≥1, and n is an integer. Figure 1Taking n = 1, that is, two basic lasers as an example for illustration. Figure 2 Taking n = 4, that is, 16 basic lasers 1 as an example for illustration.

[0050] Preferably, n≥2.

[0051] Preferably, the basic laser 1 can output an initial pulsed laser with a polarization direction in the first direction.

[0052] Preferably, 2 n initial pulsed lasers can be combined in pairs into 2 n-1 pulsed lasers 7, and 2 n-1 pulsed lasers 7 can be combined in pairs into 2 n-2 pulsed lasers 7, until they are combined into one output pulsed laser 73. That is to say, during the process of combining multiple pulsed lasers 7 into one output pulsed laser 73, at least one pairwise combination is required. Of course, if there is only one pulsed laser 7, then directly use this pulsed laser 7 as the output pulsed laser 73.

[0053] Preferably, there are 2 n-1 basic lasers 1, and a half-wave plate 2 and a reflection element 3 are sequentially arranged along the optical paths of these 2 n-1 basic lasers 1. And, a polarizer 4 is arranged along the optical paths of another 2 n-1 basic lasers 1.

[0054] Further preferably, the slow axis direction of the half-wave plate 2 forms an angle of 45 degrees with the first direction, and is used to rotate the polarization direction of the initial pulsed laser by 90 degrees, so that the polarization direction of the initial pulsed laser is adjusted to the second direction. Wherein, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0055] Further preferably, the initial pulsed laser emitted by any basic laser 1 with a half-wave plate 2 and a reflection element 3 arranged on its optical path can be combined with the initial pulsed laser emitted by the basic laser 1 with a polarizer 4 arranged on its optical path into a pulsed laser 7.

[0056] Among them, the reflection element 3 can be a mirror, a polarizer 4, etc., and this specification does not make any restrictions. It should be emphasized that if the reflection element 3 is a polarizer 4, then this polarizer 4 is designed to be able to reflect light with a polarization direction in the first direction.

[0057] Preferably, during the process of combining two initial pulsed lasers, the first initial pulsed laser 61 sequentially passes through a half-wave plate 2 and a reflection element 3 arranged along its optical path, the polarization direction is adjusted to a second direction, and is reflected to a polarizer 4 arranged along the optical path of the second initial pulsed laser 62. The second initial pulsed laser 62 irradiates the polarizer 4. The first initial pulsed laser 61 and the second initial pulsed laser 62 pass through the polarizer 4, and after refraction and transmission respectively, are combined into a pulsed laser 7. Among them, the polarizer 4 is designed to be able to reflect light with a polarization direction of the first direction.

[0058] Figure 3 Partial structural schematic diagram of an expandable multi-beam combined laser assembly provided by an embodiment of this specification, as Figure 3 shown, the first initial pulsed laser 61 sequentially passes through a half-wave plate 2 and a reflection element 3 arranged along its optical path, the polarization direction is adjusted to a second direction, and is reflected to a polarizer 4 arranged along the optical path of the second initial pulsed laser 62. The second initial pulsed laser 62 irradiates the polarizer 4. The first initial pulsed laser 61 and the second initial pulsed laser 62 pass through the polarizer 4, and after refraction and transmission respectively, are combined into a pulsed laser 7.

[0059] It should be noted that the combined pulsed laser 7 contains laser pulses with polarization directions of the first direction and the second direction. In order to combine this pulsed laser 7 with other pulsed lasers 7 based on the polarizer 4, it is necessary to first unify the polarization directions of the laser pulses within the pulsed laser 7.

[0060] Therefore, in one or more preferred embodiments of this specification, and, the 2 n basic lasers 1 output 2 n-1 There is a pulse delay between the two initial pulsed lasers. The controller is connected to the Q-switch 5 and is used to control the opening and closing of the Q-switch 5. And when the Q-switch 5 is opened, it can deflect the polarization direction of the pulsed laser 7 passing through it by 90 degrees.

[0061] Further preferably, on the premise that there is a pulse delay between the laser pulses with polarization directions of the first direction and the second direction included in the pulsed laser 7, the controller can control the opening moment and opening duration of the Q-switch 5 in a timing control manner, so as to realize opening the Q-switch 5 only when the laser pulse with a polarization direction of the first direction passes through the Q-switch 5, and unify the polarization direction of the pulsed laser 7 to the second direction. Or, realize opening the Q-switch 5 only when the laser pulse with a polarization direction of the second direction passes through the Q-switch 5, and unify the polarization direction of the pulsed laser 7 to the first direction.

[0062] Specifically, there is a part of the pulsed laser 7 combined by the polarizer 4. Along the optical path of this part of the pulsed laser 7, a Q-switch 5 and a reflection element 3 are sequentially arranged. After the pulsed laser 7 passes through the Q-switch 5, the polarization direction is the first direction or the second direction. And, along the optical path of the remaining part of the pulsed laser 7 combined by the polarizer 4, a Q-switch 5 and a polarizer 4 are sequentially arranged. Among them, after the pulsed laser 7 passes through the Q-switch 5, the polarization direction is the second direction or the first direction. It should be emphasized that the polarization direction of the pulsed laser 7 with the Q-switch 5 and the reflection element 3 configured in the optical path after passing through the Q-switch 5 is different from the polarization direction of the pulsed laser 7 with the Q-switch 5 and the polarizer 4 configured in the optical path after passing through the Q-switch 5, that is, the polarization direction of one of them is the first direction and the polarization direction of the other is the second direction.

[0063] Further preferably, the polarizer 4 is arranged to allow the laser with the polarization direction of the first direction or the second direction to pass through.

[0064] Further preferably, the polarizer 4 is arranged to allow the pulsed laser 7 with the Q-switch 5 and the polarizer 4 configured in the optical path to pass through after passing through the Q-switch 5.

[0065] Preferably, during the combination process of the two pulsed lasers 7, the first pulsed laser 71 sequentially passes through the Q-switch 5 and the reflection element 3 arranged along its optical path, the polarization direction is adjusted to the first direction or the second direction, and is reflected to the polarizer 4 arranged along the optical path of the second pulsed laser 72. After the second pulsed laser 72 passes through the Q-switch 5, the polarization direction is adjusted to be perpendicular to the first pulsed laser 71. The first pulsed laser 71 and the second pulsed laser 72 pass through the polarizer 4, and after refraction and transmission respectively, they are combined into the pulsed laser 7.

[0066] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the scalable multi-channel combined laser assembly provided by an embodiment of this specification, as Figure 4 shown, the first pulsed laser 71 sequentially passes through the Q-switch 5 and the reflection element 3 arranged along its optical path, the polarization direction is adjusted to the first direction or the second direction, and is reflected to the polarizer 4 arranged along the optical path of the second pulsed laser 72. After the second pulsed laser 72 passes through the Q-switch 5, the polarization direction is adjusted to be perpendicular to the first pulsed laser 71. The first pulsed laser 71 and the second pulsed laser 72 pass through the polarizer 4, and after refraction and transmission respectively, they are combined into the pulsed laser 7.

[0067] According to the above content, the scalable multi-channel combined laser assembly includes a half-wave plate 2, a reflection element 3, a polarizer 4, a Q-switch 5, a controller, and 2 n basic lasers 1. Among them, the basic laser 1 can output an initial pulsed laser with the polarization direction of the first direction, and 2n An initial pulsed laser can be combined in pairs into 2 n-1 pulsed lasers 7, and 2 n-1 pulsed lasers 7 can be combined in pairs into 2 n-2 pulsed lasers 7 until they are combined into a single output pulsed laser 73. The 2 n pulsed lasers 7 output by the 2 n basic lasers 1 all have pulse delays between them. During the process of combining two initial pulsed lasers, the first pulsed laser 71 sequentially passes through a half-wave plate 2 and a reflection element 3 arranged along its optical path, and the polarization direction is adjusted to a second direction, and is reflected to a polarizer 4 arranged along the optical path of the second initial pulsed laser 62. The second initial pulsed laser 62 irradiates the polarizer 4 and is combined into a pulsed laser 7; the polarization direction of the polarizer 4 is the first direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The controller is connected to the Q-switch 5 and is used to control the opening and closing of the Q-switch 5. When the Q-switch 5 is opened, it can deflect the polarization direction of the pulsed laser 7 passing through it by 90 degrees. During the process of combining two pulsed lasers 7, the first pulsed laser 71 sequentially passes through the Q-switch 5 and the reflection element 3 arranged along its optical path, and the polarization direction is adjusted to the first direction or the second direction, and is reflected to the polarizer 4 arranged along the optical path of the second pulsed laser 72. After the second pulsed laser 72 passes through the Q-switch 5, the polarization direction is adjusted to be perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first pulsed laser 71.

[0068] It can be seen that the laser assembly realizes the combination of two lasers with orthogonal polarization directions through the polarizer 4, and completes the adjustment of the polarization direction of the combined pulsed laser 7 through the Q-switch 5 controlled by timing, so as to realize the combination of multiple lasers while ensuring the polarization direction, and even if there are partial optical path failures, it does not affect other optical paths and can still output the combined lasers of multiple paths.

[0069] Preferably, a Q-switch 5 is arranged along the optical path of the output pulsed laser 73, and the Q-switch 5 is used to adjust the polarization directions of all photons constituting the output pulsed laser 73 to be consistent. That is to say, the Q-switch 5 is used to adjust the polarization directions of all laser pulses constituting the output pulsed laser 73 to be consistent. Correspondingly, the Q-switch 5 is also connected to the controller. When the Q-switch 5 is opened, it can deflect the polarization direction of the laser pulse passing through it by 90 degrees.

[0070] Preferably, a frequency doubling crystal 8 and a dichroic mirror 9 are sequentially arranged along the optical path of the output pulsed laser 73. Among them, the frequency doubling crystal 8 is used to double the frequency of the output pulsed laser 73 in which the polarization directions of all included photons are consistent, and the dichroic mirror 9 can allow photons of a specific wavelength to pass through and is used to filter the photons that have not been frequency doubled.

[0071] It should be emphasized that the frequency doubling crystal 8 and the dichroic mirror 9 are both arranged behind the Q-switch 5. That is to say, the output pulsed laser 73 passes through the Q-switch 5, the frequency doubling crystal 8 and the dichroic mirror 9 in sequence.

[0072] Preferably, the parameter of the frequency doubling crystal 8 is second harmonic generation.

[0073] Figure 5 Partial structural schematic diagram of the scalable multi-channel combined laser assembly provided by an embodiment of this specification, as Figure 5 shown, the output pulsed laser 73 passes through the Q-switch 5, the frequency doubling crystal 8 and the dichroic mirror 9 in sequence.

[0074] Preferably, a plurality of dichroic mirrors 9 are arranged and arranged in sequence.

[0075] Preferably, 2 frequency doubling crystals 8 are arranged. Among them, the parameter of the frequency doubling crystal 8 far from the dichroic mirror 9 is second harmonic generation, and the parameter of the frequency doubling crystal 8 close to the dichroic mirror 9 is third harmonic generation or fourth harmonic generation.

[0076] Preferably, the basic laser 1 includes a rear mirror, a quarter-wave plate, a Q-switch 5, a polarizer 4, a working substance, a diaphragm and an output mirror.

[0077] Preferably, the rear mirror, the quarter-wave plate, the Q-switch 5, the polarizer 4, the working substance, the diaphragm and the output mirror are arranged in sequence.

[0078] Preferably, a resonant cavity is formed between the rear mirror and the output mirror.

[0079] Figure 6 Partial structural schematic diagram of the scalable multi-channel combined laser assembly provided by an embodiment of this specification, as Figure 6 shown, the first frequency doubling crystal 81 is far from the dichroic mirror 9, and its parameter is second harmonic generation. The second frequency doubling crystal 82 is close to the dichroic mirror 9, and its parameter is third harmonic generation or fourth harmonic generation.

[0080] Preferably, the pumping method of the basic laser 1 is xenon lamp pumping or LD pumping.

[0081] Preferably, the scalable multi-channel combined laser assembly includes a rotating table. A half-wave plate 2 arranged along the optical path of the output pulsed laser 73 is fixedly connected to the rotating table, and the rotating table can drive the half-wave plate 2 to rotate along the rotation axis parallel to the optical path of the output pulsed laser 73. In this way, the direction of the short axis of the half-wave plate 2 can be adjusted through the rotating table, so as to adjust the transmittance of the half-wave plate 2 to the output pulsed laser 73, and further adjust the output power of the scalable multi-channel combined laser assembly.

[0082] Preferably, a half-wave plate 2 is further provided in the optical path of a part of the first pulsed laser beam 71, and the half-wave plate 2 is disposed between the Q-switch 5 and the reflection element 3. The half-wave plate 2 is used to deflect the polarization direction of the first pulsed laser beam 71 by 90 degrees.

[0083] Preferably, a half-wave plate 2 is further provided in the optical path of a part of the second pulsed laser beam 72, and the half-wave plate 2 is disposed between the Q-switch 5 and the polarizer 4. The half-wave plate 2 is used to deflect the polarization direction of the second pulsed laser beam 72 by 90 degrees.

[0084] More preferably, for any set of the first pulsed laser beam 71 and the second pulsed laser beam 72 that are directly combined into a pulsed laser 7, only one of the first pulsed laser beam 71 and the second pulsed laser beam 72 has a half-wave plate 2 provided in its optical path.

[0085] In the above manner, when the controller controls the polarization directions of the first pulsed laser beam 71 and the second pulsed laser beam 72 through the Q-switch 5, the polarization directions of the first pulsed laser beam 71 and the second pulsed laser beam 72 can be adjusted to be consistent through timing control, simplifying the timing control logic.

[0086] Preferably, the wavelength of the initial pulsed laser is 1000 - 1200 ns.

[0087] Preferably, the wavelength of at least part of the initial pulsed laser is 1064 ns.

[0088] Preferably, the wavelength of at least part of the initial pulsed laser is 1053 ns.

[0089] Preferably, at least one of the basic lasers 1 further includes an amplification stage.

[0090] Preferably, the amplification stage is adjacent to the output mirror, and the amplification stage is not in the resonant cavity formed by the rear mirror and the output mirror.

[0091] Preferably, the amplification stage is used to amplify the energy of the initial pulsed laser.

[0092] Preferably, the controller is also communicatively connected to the Q-switches in the 2 n basic lasers.

[0093] Preferably, the controller is further used to control the opening and closing of the Q-switches in the 2 n basic lasers, so as to achieve timing control of the initial pulsed laser, and further adjust the pulse interval of the laser pulses of different initial pulsed lasers, so that the laser waveform of the finally combined output pulsed laser 73 is adjustable.

[0094] Preferably, the 2 nThere are at least two basic lasers 1 in a basic laser 1 with different structures, such that this 2 n There are at least two initial pulsed lasers in an initial pulsed laser with different pulse widths and / or pulse energies, and the pulse delays of the at least two initial pulsed lasers are controllable.

[0095] By adopting the above method, the combined output of initial pulsed lasers with different pulse widths and different energies can be achieved. For example, the output pulsed laser 73 may include pulsed lasers 7 with nanosecond, picosecond, and femtosecond pulse widths, and the above pulsed lasers 7 can be output according to a specific time sequence, so as to be applied in technologies such as Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and plasma excitation.

[0096] The above is the expandable multi-channel combined laser component provided by one or more embodiments of this specification. Based on the same idea, this specification also provides a corresponding laser.

[0097] Preferably, the laser includes the expandable multi-channel combined laser component provided by any one of the above embodiments.

[0098] It should also be noted that the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, method, commodity or device including the said element.

[0099] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between each embodiment can be referred to each other, and the key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0100] The above description is only for the embodiments of this specification and is not intended to limit this specification. For those skilled in the art, this specification can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this specification shall be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An extensible multi-channel combined laser component, characterized in that, Including a half-wave plate, a reflective element, a polarizer, a Q-switch, a controller, and 2 n basic lasers, where n≥1 and n is an integer; The basic laser can output initial pulsed laser with the polarization direction being the first direction, and 2 n initial pulsed lasers can be combined in pairs to form 2 n-1 pulsed lasers, and 2 n-1 pulsed lasers can be combined in pairs to form 2 n-2 pulsed lasers until they are combined into one output pulsed laser; During the process of combining two initial pulsed lasers, the first initial pulsed laser sequentially passes through a half-wave plate and a reflection element arranged along its optical path, the polarization direction is adjusted to a second direction, and is reflected to a polarizer arranged along the optical path of the second initial pulsed laser. The second initial pulsed laser irradiates the polarizer and is combined into a pulsed laser; the polarization direction of the polarizer is the first direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; The controller is connected to the Q-switch and is used to control the opening and closing of the Q-switch; when the Q-switch is opened, it can deflect the polarization direction of the pulsed laser passing through it by 90 degrees; during the process of combining two pulsed lasers, the first pulsed laser successively passes through the Q-switch and the reflection element arranged along its optical path, and the polarization direction is adjusted to the first direction or the second direction and is reflected to the polarizer arranged along the optical path of the second pulsed laser. After the second pulsed laser passes through the Q-switch, the polarization direction is adjusted to be perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first pulsed laser; the 2 n pulsed lasers output by the 2 n basic lasers all have pulse delays between them.

2. The scalable multi-beam combining laser assembly according to claim 1, wherein n≥2。 3. The scalable multi-beam combined laser component according to claim 1, wherein A Q-switch is arranged along the optical path of the output pulsed laser; The Q-switch is used to adjust the polarization directions of all photons constituting the output pulsed laser to be consistent.

4. The scalable multi-beam combined laser component according to claim 3, characterized in that, A frequency doubling crystal and a dichroic mirror are sequentially arranged along the optical path of the output pulsed laser; The frequency doubling crystal is used to double the frequency of the output pulsed laser in which the polarization directions of all included photons are consistent; The dichroic mirror can allow photons of a specific wavelength to pass through and is used to filter photons that are not frequency doubled.

5. The scalable multi-beam combining laser assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The parameter of the frequency doubling crystal is second harmonic generation.

6. The scalable multi-beam combined laser component according to claim 4, wherein There are 2 frequency doubling crystals configured; The parameter of the frequency doubling crystal far from the dichroic mirror is second harmonic generation; The parameter of the frequency doubling crystal close to the dichroic mirror is third harmonic generation or fourth harmonic generation.

7. The extensible multi-beam combined laser component according to claim 3, characterized in that, A half-wave plate and a polarizer are arranged along the optical path of the output pulsed laser; The scalable multi-channel combined laser assembly includes a rotating table; The half-wave plate arranged along the optical path of the output pulsed laser is fixedly connected to the rotating table, and the rotating table can drive the half-wave plate to rotate along a rotation axis parallel to the optical path of the output pulsed laser.

8. The expandable multi-beam combining laser component according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that The basic laser includes a rear mirror, a quarter-wave plate, a Q-switch, a polarizer, a working medium, a diaphragm, and an output mirror.

9. The extensible multi-channel combined laser component according to claim 8, wherein There is at least one basic laser that further includes an amplification stage; The amplification stage is adjacent to the output mirror, and the amplification stage is not in the resonant cavity formed by the rear mirror and the output mirror; the amplification stage is used to amplify the energy of the initial pulsed laser.

10. The scalable multi-beam combined laser component according to claim 8, wherein The controller is also communicatively connected to the Q switches in the two n basic lasers; the controller is also used to control the opening and closing of the Q switches in the two n basic lasers, so as to achieve the timing control of the initial pulsed laser.

11. The scalable multi-beam combined laser component according to claim 8, wherein, The pumping method of the basic laser is xenon lamp pumping or LD pumping.

12. The extensible multi-channel combined laser assembly according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The said 2 n structures of at least two of the basic lasers among the said 2 n basic lasers are different, so that among the said 2 initial pulsed lasers, pulse widths and / or pulse energies of at least two initial pulsed lasers are different, and pulse delays of the at least two initial pulsed lasers are controllable.

13. The scalable multi-beam combined laser component according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The polarization direction of the polarizer arranged along the optical path of the second pulsed laser is parallel or perpendicular to the first direction.

14. A laser, characterized in that, The laser includes the scalable multi-channel combined laser assembly according to any one of claims 1-13.

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