Method for breeding artemia rich in nutritional ingredients

Abstract

The invention provides a culture method of artemia rich in nutritional ingredients, and belongs to the technical field of aquatic feed. The invention relates to a method for culturing artemia rich in nutritional ingredients, which comprises the following steps: culturing artemia nauplius larvae in a culture water body containing unicellular algae, and when the density of the unicellular algae is lower than 500,000 algae cells / mL, feeding artificial feed to artemia adults; when the artificial feed is fed, every two days is a cycle, and the feeding amount of each time in each later cycle is increased compared with that in the initial cycle. According to the method, a scientific feed feeding strategy is designed according to the artemia breeding density and the breeding process, and through the mode, artemia breeding is good in vitality, uniform in body length and stable and controllable in biomass. And during harvesting, ozone ventilation is used for controlling the microbial loading capacity of the artemia, so that the artemia product with controllable biological safety is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic feed, and particularly relates to a method for culturing artemia rich in nutritional components. Background Art

[0002] Artemia is rich in various nutrients such as proteins, amino acids and fatty acids. Its nauplii, larvae, sub-adults and adults can be used as live baits for aquatic animals at different developmental stages, and are widely used as live biological baits for the cultivation of fry of marine fish, shrimps and crabs. Compared with larvae, artemia sub-adults and adults have higher nutritional value, with higher protein content and richer essential amino acids. The market demand for high-quality artemia increases year by year. Fresh or frozen adult artemia can be used directly as feed and nutritional supplement for the industrialized and salt field cultivation of prawns, the sizing of postlarvae and the ripening of broodstock.

[0003] Wild artemia harvested from salt lakes and salt ponds have problems such as unstable nutrition and uneven body size, and it is difficult to control their biological safety. The artificial cultivation method can effectively increase the cultivation density of artemia, obtain high-density artemia with uniform body size, and meet the demand for bait for cultured aquatic animals. However, at present, the focus of artificial cultivation and augmentation of artemia is on improving the yield of artemia through measures such as water quality regulation and supplementing inert bait, and less research has been done on the nutritional quality of artemia. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for culturing artemia rich in nutritional components, by feeding a combination of algal cells and artificial feed, and regulating the feeding amount of artificial feed as the cultivation time progresses, thereby greatly improving the nutritional components of adult artemia.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for culturing artemia rich in nutritional components, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Placing artemia nauplii in a culture water body containing unicellular algae for cultivation, and when the density of unicellular algae is lower than 500,000 algal cells / mL, feeding artificial feed until adult artemia;

[0007] When feeding artificial feed, take every two days as a cycle, and the feeding amount per time in each subsequent cycle is increased compared with the initial cycle.

[0008] Preferably, the daily feeding amount in the initial cycle is 30 - 33 g per million artemia, and the daily feeding amounts in each subsequent cycle are 58 - 62 g per million artemia, 79 - 81 g per million artemia, 119 - 121 g per million artemia, and 159 - 161 g per million artemia in turn.

[0009] Preferably, the daily feeding amount in the initial period is 32 - 33 g per million Artemia, the daily feeding amount in the second period is 60 - 61 g per million Artemia, the daily feeding amount in the third period is 80 - 81 g per million Artemia, the daily feeding amount in the fourth period is 119 - 120 g per million Artemia, and the daily feeding amount in the fifth period is 160 - 161 g per million Artemia.

[0010] Preferably, the salinity of the culture water body is 40‰ - 80‰.

[0011] Preferably, the algal density of the unicellular algae is 1.5 - 2.5 million algal cells / mL.

[0012] Preferably, the inoculation of Artemia nauplii includes direct inoculation or indirect inoculation;

[0013] During direct inoculation, the initial stocking density of Artemia nauplii is 1 - 2 ind. / mL;

[0014] During indirect inoculation, it includes a temporary culture stage and a culture stage;

[0015] The density of Artemia nauplii in the temporary culture stage is 2 - 5 ind. / mL; the density of Artemia nauplii in the culture stage is 1 ind. / mL.

[0016] Preferably, the hatching method of Artemia nauplii includes incubating Artemia eggs in brine under light conditions;

[0017] The water temperature for hatching is 27 - 28°C;

[0018] The intensity of the light is 1800 - 2200 Lx.

[0019] Preferably, the temperature of the culture water body is 23 - 30°C, and the dissolved oxygen in the culture water body is 2 - 6 mg / L.

[0020] Preferably, during the culture process, when visible precipitates appear in the culture water body, sewage discharge and replenishment of fresh culture water body are started.

[0021] Preferably, it also includes the control of Vibrio load in adult Artemia;

[0022] The method for controlling the Vibrio load in adult Artemia includes placing adult Artemia in fresh brine to remove intestinal impurities, and subjecting the impurity-removed adult Artemia to ozone disinfection;

[0023] The concentration of the ozone is 180 - 220 g / h;

[0024] The time for ozone disinfection is 50 - 60 min.

[0025] The present invention provides a method for culturing artemia rich in nutritional components, comprising the following steps: placing nauplii of artemia in a culture water body containing unicellular algae for culturing, and when the density of the unicellular algae is lower than 500,000 algal cells / mL, feeding artificial feed until the artemia become adults; when feeding the artificial feed, taking two days as a cycle, and the feeding amount per time in each subsequent cycle is increased compared with the initial cycle. In the initial stage of nauplii of artemia, the present invention uses unicellular algae as the basic bait, which is sufficient to support the food and energy requirements of artemia in the larval stage, and is more conducive to stabilizing the aquaculture water environment; in the middle and late stages of cultivation, artificial feed with comprehensive nutrition is fed in a timely and appropriate amount, and is gradually increased on the basis of the initial feeding amount, so as to meet the nutritional requirements of artemia at different growth and development stages. When the density of adult artemia reaches 2.5 - 3.1 kg / cubic meter, the rich nutritional components (crude protein, crude fat) in artemia are ensured, and the yield is high, stable and has good repeatability. At the same time, the adult artemia cultured by the method of the present invention has the characteristics of good vitality and high survival rate, and customized artemia nutritional fortification can be realized.

[0026] The salinity of the culture water body in the cultivation method of the present invention is specifically limited to 40% - 80%. Compared with the salinity of the traditional artemia culture water body, the present invention uses a high-salinity water body for cultivation, which is beneficial to the control of microorganisms, especially harmful microorganisms, in the culture water body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a diagram for dividing the development period of artemia. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] The present invention provides a method for culturing artemia rich in nutritional components, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Placing nauplii of artemia in a culture water body containing unicellular algae for culturing, and when the density of the unicellular algae is lower than 500,000 algal cells / mL, feeding artificial feed until the artemia become adults;

[0030] When feeding the artificial feed, taking two days as a cycle, and the feeding amount per time in each subsequent cycle is increased compared with the initial cycle.

[0031] In the present invention, the method for hatching artemia nauplii preferably includes hatching artemia eggs in brine under light conditions. The water temperature for hatching is preferably 27 - 28 °C. The intensity of the light is preferably 1800 - 2200 Lx. The salinity of the brine is 20‰ - 30‰, which can be 22‰ - 28‰, or can also be 25‰. The artemia nauplii are stage I nauplii. The brine is preferably disinfected. The disinfection method is preferably to disinfect the water body with sodium hypochlorite at a volume fraction of 3 - 5 mg / L for 24 h, and then aerate to remove the residual chlorine. After hatching, the eggshells are removed. Using a 120 - mesh sieve, place it in clean brine with the same temperature as the hatching environment, and gently pour the artemia into the sieve to collect the artemia larvae, so as to fully remove the eggshells.

[0032] In the present invention, the salinity of the culture water body is preferably 40‰ - 80‰, which can be 50‰ - 70‰, or can also be 60‰. The culture water body preferably includes disinfection. The disinfection method is the same as that of the brine. The algal density of the unicellular algae is preferably 1.5 - 2.5 million algal cells / mL, which can also be 1.8 - 2.3 million algal cells / mL, or can also be 2 million algal cells / mL. The types of the unicellular algae include chrysophyceae, dunaliella salina, and phaeodactylum tricornutum. The chrysophyceae includes isochrysis galbana.

[0033] In the present invention, the inoculation of artemia nauplii preferably includes direct inoculation or indirect inoculation. In the case of direct inoculation, the initial stocking density of the artemia nauplii is preferably 1 - 2 ind. / mL. In the case of indirect inoculation, it preferably includes a pre - culture stage (1 - 4 days) and a culture stage (5 - 13 days). The density of artemia nauplii in the pre - culture stage is 2 - 5 ind. / mL; the density of artemia nauplii in the culture stage is preferably 1 ind. / mL. The temperature of the culture water body is preferably 23 - 30 °C, which can be 24 - 28 °C. The dissolved oxygen in the culture water body is preferably 2 - 6 mg / L, which can be 3 - 5 mg / L, or can also be 4 mg / L.

[0034] In the present invention, the daily feeding amount in the initial cycle is preferably 30-33 g per million artemia, and the daily feeding amount in each subsequent cycle is preferably 58-62 g per million artemia, 79-81 g per million artemia, 119-121 g per million artemia, and 159-161 g per million artemia in turn. It can be that the daily feeding amount in the initial cycle is 32-33 g per million artemia, the daily feeding amount in the second cycle is 60-61 g per million artemia, the daily feeding amount in the third cycle is 80-81 g per million artemia, the daily feeding amount in the fourth cycle is 119-120 g per million artemia, and the daily feeding amount in the fifth cycle is 160-161 g per million artemia. The number of daily feedings is 3-5 times, and it can be 4 times. The amount of each feeding is evenly divided according to the daily feeding amount. The present invention divides the development period of artemia. Specifically, on the 1st to 3rd days of artemia cultivation, artemia is in the appendage development period. During this period, nauplii of artemia mainly swim using the second antennae, and papillae gradually appear on the abdomen of artemia and then develop into appendages. From the 4th to 7th days of cultivation, artemia enters the second antenna (second antenna) regression period. At this time, the appendages (appendage) of artemia gradually evolve into locomotor organs and begin to swim using the appendages, and the second antennae gradually regress and lose their locomotor function. From the 8th to 11th days of cultivation, artemia enters the sub-adult stage. In this stage, the second antennae of artemia completely regress, and it already has the adult morphology, and the body length continues to increase. From the 11th to 13th days of cultivation, artemia reaches the adult stage, the egg sacs of female artemia gradually develop, and claspers appear in male artemia. The present invention clarifies the critical period of artemia cultivation, that is, the relationship between the morphological changes and density changes during the growth and development period of artemia in the cultivation process. By feeding different amounts of artificial feed in different periods, it provides a basis for estimating the artemia yield and custom-harvesting artemia individuals according to the cultivation period and the growth and metamorphosis of artemia in production practice.

[0035] In the present invention, the artificial feed is purchased from Nantong Haida Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the product name is formulated feed for Litopenaeus vannamei.

[0036] In the present invention, during the cultivation process, when visible sediment appears in the cultivation water body, it is preferably to start sewage discharge and supplement fresh cultivation water body. When supplementing fresh cultivation water body, the amount of each supplement is preferably 10%-40% of the volume of the original cultivation water body, and it can be 15%-35%, or 20%-30%, or also 25%.

[0037] In the present invention, after culturing adult Artemia, it is preferably further included to control the Vibrio load of adult Artemia in order to reduce the disease infection rate of cultured aquatic products. The method for controlling the Vibrio load of adult Artemia preferably includes placing adult Artemia in fresh brine to remove intestinal impurities, and subjecting the obtained impurity-removed adult Artemia to ozone disinfection. The concentration of the ozone is preferably 180 - 220 g / h, and it can be 200 g / h. The time for ozone disinfection is preferably 50 - 60 min. The Vibrio includes yellow Vibrio, green Vibrio, and bacteria. Experiments show that as the ozone disinfection time extends, the Vibrio load gradually decreases, and when disinfected for 1 h, more than 90% of the Vibrio load can be removed.

[0038] The following is a detailed description of a method for culturing Artemia rich in nutritional components provided by the present invention in combination with examples, but they cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] An indoor Artemia culturing method

[0041] (1) Pretreatment of culturing water

[0042] Use filtered concentrated brine (150‰) to prepare culturing water with a salinity of 60‰. Disinfect the water body with 5 mg / L of sodium hypochlorite by volume for 24 h, and then aerate to remove the residual chlorine. Add the pre-cultured unicellular algae into the culturing water, and adjust the algae density to 2 million cells / mL.

[0043] (2) Artemia hatching and collection

[0044] Place Artemia eggs in an incubation barrel, and incubate them to stage I nauplii under the conditions of diluted brine with a salinity of 25‰, water temperature of 27 - 28 °C, and light intensity of 2000 Lx. After incubation, let it stand for several minutes and simply remove the eggshells. Then place a 120-mesh sieve in clean brine with the same temperature as the incubation solution, gently pour the Artemia into the sieve to collect Artemia larvae, and put the harvested nauplii into a culturing barrel containing unicellular algae solution. The initial stocking density of Artemia is 1 - 1.8 ind. / mL.

[0045] (3) Daily management during culturing

[0046] During culturing, use a hemocytometer to measure the algae density every 12 h. When the algae density drops below 50 cells / mL and the water body is clear, start feeding the feed. The daily feeding amount of the feed is based on the initial stocking density, and the daily feeding amount per unit is shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1 Daily feeding amount per unit of Artemia culturing (g / million Artemia)

[0048] Cultivation days (d) Single feeding amount (g / million artemia) 3 33 4 33 5 61 6 61 7 80 8 80 9 121 10 121 11 161 12 161 13 209 14 209

[0049] The cultivation is carried out in a round barrel with a certain taper at the bottom (volume 1000L, water volume 800L). The cultivation water is disinfected brine with a salinity of 60‰. During the cultivation period, the water temperature is 23 - 26°C and the dissolved oxygen is 4mg / L. In the middle stage of cultivation (the 6th - 7th day), when a certain amount of visible sediment accumulates in the tank, sewage discharge and replenishment of new water are started. During the cultivation period, the turbidity of the water body and the vitality of brine shrimp are observed every day. The density of brine shrimp is measured every 2 days. The cultivation barrel is fully aerated to make the brine shrimp evenly suspended. 50mL of water body is sampled and the number of brine shrimp is counted. Each cultivation barrel is repeatedly recorded 6 times and the average value is taken. The average body length of brine shrimp is measured every 3 days. 25 brine shrimp are randomly taken from the cultivation barrel and the average value of their body lengths is measured. Adult brine shrimp are harvested after 14 days. The salt on the body surface is rinsed with clean water and the water is drained until no water drips in a line, and then the biomass of brine shrimp is weighed.

[0050] III. Cultivation effect

[0051] (1) Division of brine shrimp development stages

[0052] In the 1 - 3 days after the brine shrimp are put into the cultivation pond, the brine shrimp are in the appendage development stage ( Figure 1 ). During this period, the nauplii of brine shrimp mainly swim using the second antennae. Papillae gradually appear on the abdomen of brine shrimp and then develop into appendages. From the 4th to the 7th day of cultivation, the brine shrimp enter the stage of the degeneration of the second antenna. At this time, the appendages of brine shrimp gradually evolve into locomotor organs and start to swim using the appendages, and the second antennae gradually degenerate and lose their locomotor function. From the 8th to the 11th day of cultivation, the brine shrimp enter the pseudo - adult stage. At this stage, the second antennae of the brine shrimp completely degenerate, and they already have the adult morphology, and the body length continues to increase. From the 11th to the 13th day of cultivation, the brine shrimp reach the adult stage. The ovisac of female brine shrimp gradually develops, and the clasping organ appears in male brine shrimp. During the cultivation process, the change in the population density of brine shrimp in the appendage development stage and the stage of the degeneration of the second antenna should be closely monitored to ensure that there is a sufficient population quantity in the later stage of cultivation.

[0053] (2) Cultivation results

[0054] When the initial density of brine shrimp is 1 - 1.8 ind. / mL and cultivated for 13 days, the density of brine shrimp is 0.71 - 1.54 ind. / mL, the survival rate is greater than 60%, the average body length of brine shrimp is 6.17 - 8.29 mm, and the total biomass is stable at 2.5 - 3.1 kg / cubic meter (Table 2).

[0055] Table 2 Cultivation results

[0056]

[0057] Example 2

[0058] A method for controlling the vibrio load of adult brine shrimp in cultivation

[0059] The adult Artemia after the end of cultivation in Example 1 was harvested, placed in clean brine with the same salinity as the cultivation salinity overnight, and the food residues in the intestine were removed. During this period, continuous aeration, dissolved oxygen and temperature conditions were kept consistent with the cultivation conditions. The adult Artemia in the purification bucket were collected the next day and placed in the ozone disinfection bucket again. The density of Artemia was 1.5 - 2 ind. / mL, and the ozone concentration was 200 g / h. They were disinfected for 10 min, 30 min and 60 min respectively. The total numbers of Vibrio fluvialis, Vibrio vulnificus and bacteria before and after disinfection of Artemia were determined by the dilution coating TCBS plate method.

[0060] The results are shown in Table 3. When Artemia was not disinfected, the total numbers of Vibrio fluvialis, Vibrio vulnificus and bacteria were 1.16×10 7 CFU / mL, 3.92×10 6 CFU / mL and 3.52×10 7 CFU / mL respectively; after 60 min of ozone disinfection, the total numbers of Vibrio fluvialis, Vibrio vulnificus and bacteria were 7.94×10 5 CFU / mL, 0 and 2.8×10 6 CFU / mL respectively. As the ozone disinfection time increased, the overall number of microorganisms showed a downward trend. When disinfected with an ozone concentration of 200 g / h for 1 h, the overall microbial removal rate could reach over 90%.

[0061] Table 3 Control effect of ozone disinfection on the microbial load of adult Artemia

[0062]

[0063] Example 3

[0064] Nutritional determination of cultured adult Artemia

[0065] The crude protein, crude fat and fatty acid contents of the artificially cultured Artemia and the outdoor cultured Artemia in Example 1 were determined respectively by using the methods of GB / T 6432—2018 Determination of Crude Protein in Feeds, GB / T 6433—2006 Determination of Crude Fat in Feeds and the internal standard method (C20:2n-6, NUCHEKPREP, USA) with a gas chromatograph (Shimadzu, Japan).

[0066] The crude protein, crude fat and fatty acid contents of the artificially cultured Artemia and the outdoor Artemia are shown in Table 4. The crude protein content of the artificially cultured Artemia was 52.28±0.19 mg / g, and the crude fat content was 17.64±7.01 mg / g, both of which were higher than those of the wild Artemia in the salt field. In addition, at the fatty acid level, the total fatty acid content of the artificially cultured Artemia was 97.32±19.65 mg / g, and the EPA content was 7.65±1.51 mg / g; the fatty acid composition of the artificially cultured Artemia was related to the fatty acid composition of the feed and was higher than that of the wild Artemia in the salt field.

[0067] Nutritional Analysis of Artemia after Cultivation with Different Feeds

[0068]

[0069] Comparative Example 1

[0070] A Method for Cultivating Adult Artemia Outdoor

[0071] From May to October every year, artemia is cultured and increased in the salt ponds of the solar evaporation salt field. The salinity range of the salt pond brine is 80 g / L, 100 g / L, and 150 g / L. By applying organic fertilizers, inorganic fertilizers, and carbon-containing agricultural and sideline products, the growth of unicellular algae and microorganisms in the brine is stimulated to provide bait for artemia. The annual output of adult artemia in the Bohai Bay salt field is 2250 kg / ha, 3270 kg / ha, and 3750 kg / ha. The single yield of outdoor-cultured adults is lower compared with that of Example 1.

[0072] The fatty acid composition and content of the cultured artemia were determined by the method of Example 3, and the results are shown in Table 4. The results show that compared with feed cultivation, the artemia cultured in the Bohai Bay salt field has obvious advantages in terms of crude protein and crude fat content, but the improvement effects of crude protein, crude fat, total fat, and various fat contents are not as good as those of the artificial cultivation of the present invention.

[0073] Comparative Example 2

[0074] Artemia eggs from the Great Salt Lake in the United States were used for cultivation, and Isochrysis galbana and Isochrysis zhanjiangensis were used to feed artemia respectively. The initial density of artemia larvae was 0.1 mL -1 , the salinity was 70, the temperature was (28±1) °C, the aeration intensity was adjusted appropriately from low to high as artemia grew, the culture period was 18 d, and the unit water volume was 40 L. The bottom dirt was removed every day, and the water was changed once every 2 d (the water change volume was 50%). Artemia was fed 3 times a day. After the culture ended, the body lengths of artemia fed with Isochrysis galbana and Isochrysis zhanjiangensis were 6.35±0.93 mm and 6.19±1.30 mm respectively (Chi Qinglei, Gao Meirong, Jia Jing, et al. Application of Three Kinds of Unicellular Algae Powders in Indoor Artemia Cultivation [J]. Journal of Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 2024, 39(06): 30-37).

[0075] The fatty acid composition and content of the cultured artemia were determined by the method of Example 3, and the results are shown in Table 5. The results show that compared with the artificial cultivation and artificial feed of the present invention, the cultivation of artemia fed with Isochrysis galbana and Isochrysis zhanjiangensis significantly reduces the crude protein and crude fat content of artemia, but the total fat and the content of individual fats increase compared with the artificial feed group, and the single improvement effect is not as good as that of the artificial cultivation of the present invention.

[0076] Table 5 Fatty Acid Composition and Content of Artemia Cultured with Two Kinds of Unicellular Algae Powders

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for culturing artemia rich in nutrient components, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Artemia nauplii are cultured in a culture water body containing unicellular algae. When the density of unicellular algae is lower than 500,000 algal cells / mL, artificial feed is fed until the Artemia become adults. When feeding artificial feed, every two days is a cycle, and the feeding amount in each subsequent cycle is increased compared to the initial cycle.

2. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The daily feeding amount in the initial cycle is 30 - 33 g per million Artemia, and the daily feeding amounts in each subsequent cycle are 58 - 62 g per million Artemia, 79 - 81 g per million Artemia, 119 - 121 g per million Artemia, and 159 - 161 g per million Artemia in turn.

3. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that The daily feeding amount in the initial cycle is 32 - 33 g per million Artemia, the daily feeding amount in the second cycle is 60 - 61 g per million Artemia, the daily feeding amount in the third cycle is 80 - 81 g per million Artemia, the daily feeding amount in the fourth cycle is 119 - 120 g per million Artemia, and the daily feeding amount in the fifth cycle is 160 - 161 g per million Artemia.

4. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The salinity of the culture water body is 40‰ - 80‰.

5. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The algal density of the unicellular algae is 150 - 250 million algal cells / mL.

6. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein The inoculation of Artemia nauplii includes direct inoculation or indirect inoculation; When directly inoculating, the initial stocking density of Artemia nauplii is 1 - 2 ind. / mL; When indirectly inoculating, it includes a temporary culture stage and a culture stage; The density of Artemia nauplii in the temporary culture stage is 2 - 5 ind. / mL; the density of Artemia nauplii in the culture stage is 1 ind. / mL.

7. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein, The hatching method of Artemia nauplii includes placing Artemia eggs in brine and hatching them under light conditions; The water temperature for hatching is 27 - 28 °C; The intensity of the light is 1800 - 2200 Lx.

8. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that The temperature of the culture water body is 23 - 30 °C, and the dissolved oxygen in the culture water body is 2 - 6 mg / L.

9. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein During the culture process, when visible precipitates appear in the culture water body, sewage discharge and replenishment of fresh culture water body are started.

10. The breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It also includes the control of Vibrio load in Artemia adults; The method for controlling the Vibrio load in Artemia adults includes placing Artemia adults in fresh brine to remove intestinal impurities, and subjecting the Artemia adults after impurity removal to ozone disinfection; The concentration of the ozone is 180 - 220 g / h; The time for ozone disinfection is 50 - 60 min.

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