Pesticide for preventing and treating dendrobium devonianum paxt diseases and insect pests and application method

Abstract

The invention relates to an agent for preventing and treating dendrobium devonianum paxt diseases and pests and an application method, and belongs to the technical field of disease and pest control. The medicament for preventing and treating the plant diseases and insect pests of the purple dendrobium provided by the invention is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 5 to 15 parts of cortex phellodendri, 5 to 15 parts of honeysuckle flower, 7 to 12 parts of fresh ginger, 10 to 20 parts of herba asari, 18 to 25 parts of herba portulacae, 1 to 5 parts of pericarpium zanthoxyli, 5 to 10 parts of radix stemonae, 5 to 10 parts of fructus cnidii, 10 to 20 parts of fructus meliae azedarach and 5 to 15 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis. The dendrobium devonianum pest control agent adopts natural traditional Chinese medicine components, is safe and environment-friendly, has no pesticide residue, and is harmless to the environment and human bodies; meanwhile, all the components in the pesticide cooperate with one another, so that the pesticide has a remarkable prevention and treatment effect on common diseases and insect pests of the purple dendrobium, and the yield and quality of the purple dendrobium can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pest control, and in particular to a medicament for controlling diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Purple Dendrobium (Dendrobium devonianum) is a perennial herbaceous plant in the genus Dendrobium of the Orchidaceae family, with important medicinal and ornamental properties. Its long growth cycle and preference for a humid environment make it susceptible to a variety of pests and diseases, including leaf spot, rust, root rot, anthracnose, aphids, spider mites, and snails. These pests and diseases severely impact the yield and quality of purple Dendrobium. Currently, pest and disease control for purple Dendrobium relies primarily on chemical pesticides. However, the use of chemical agents can lead to increased resistance in pathogens and pests, reducing the quality of the Dendrobium, resulting in a gradual decline in control effectiveness and the need for ever-increasing pesticide dosages, creating a vicious cycle. Furthermore, chemical pesticides can easily contaminate soil and water sources and leave residues in the Dendrobium, compromising its safety and not meeting the requirements of modern green agriculture. Broad-spectrum pesticides, while killing pests, can also accidentally harm natural predators, disrupting the ecosystem and increasing the risk of secondary pest outbreaks. Most existing agents are general formulas that are not optimized for the physiological characteristics and specific diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale, resulting in low control efficiency and high costs. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a safe and effective agent for the control of diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a medicament for preventing and treating diseases and insect pests of Dendrobium officinale and an application method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art of lack of medicament for preventing and treating diseases and insect pests of Dendrobium officinale and low prevention and treatment efficiency and high cost.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The invention provides a medicament for preventing and treating diseases and insect pests of purple dendrobium. The medicament comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of phellodendron, 5-15 parts of honeysuckle, 7-12 parts of ginger, 10-20 parts of asarum, 18-25 parts of purslane, 1-5 parts of zanthoxylum bungeanum, 5-10 parts of stemonae, 5-10 parts of cnidium monnieri, 10-20 parts of chinaberry fruits, and 5-15 parts of sophora flavescens.

[0006] Preferably, the composition includes the following components in parts by mass: 7-12 parts of Phellodendron amurense, 7-12 parts of honeysuckle, 8-11 parts of ginger, 12-18 parts of asarum, 19-23 parts of purslane, 2-4 parts of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 6-9 parts of Stemona tuber, 6-9 parts of Cnidium monnieri, 12-18 parts of Melia azedarach, and 8-13 parts of Sophora flavescens.

[0007] Preferably, it includes components in the following parts by mass: 10 parts of Phellodendron amurense, 10 parts of honeysuckle, 10 parts of ginger, 15 parts of asarum, 20 parts of purslane, 3 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 8 parts of stemona root, 8 parts of fructus cnidii, 15 parts of chinaberry fruit, and 11 parts of sophora flavescens.

[0008] The present invention provides a preparation method of the medicament. The medicament is mixed with water, decocted 1 to 3 times, filtered, the filtrate is taken, the filtrates are combined, concentrated and dried to obtain a medicament for preventing and controlling diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the medicament to water for mixing is 1:3 to 7.

[0010] Preferably, the decocting time is 15 to 40 min / time, and the decocting temperature is 90 to 100 °C.

[0011] Preferably, the concentration is vacuum concentration, the concentration temperature is 35 to 55 °C, and the volume after concentration is 2 / 5 to 3 / 5 of the original volume.

[0012] The present invention also provides an application method of the medicament or the medicament obtained according to the preparation method. The obtained medicament is diluted 100 to 200 times with clear water and applied to the leaves and stems of Dendrobium officinale plants by spraying, once every 5 to 10 days, and continuously applied 2 to 6 times.

[0013] The present invention also provides an application of the medicament or the medicament obtained according to the preparation method in preventing and controlling diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale.

[0014] Preferably, the diseases and pests include diseases and insect pests. The diseases include leaf spot and rust; the insect pests include red spider mites and snails.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The medicament for preventing and controlling diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale of the present invention uses natural traditional Chinese medicine components, is safe and environmentally friendly, has no pesticide residue, and is harmless to the environment and human body; at the same time, the components in the medicament cooperate synergistically, have a significant prevention and control effect on common diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale, and can effectively improve the yield and quality of Dendrobium officinale. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 For Dendrobium officinale without prevention and control;

[0017] Figure 2 For Dendrobium officinale after prevention and control. Detailed Embodiments

[0018] The present invention provides a medicament for preventing and controlling diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale, including components in the following parts by mass:

[0019] Phellodendron amurense Rupr. 5 - 15 parts, preferably 7 - 12 parts, more preferably 10 parts;

[0020] Lonicera japonica Thunb. 5 - 15 parts, preferably 7 - 12 parts, more preferably 10 parts;

[0021] Zingiber officinale Roscoe 7 - 12 parts, preferably 8 - 11 parts, more preferably 10 parts;

[0022] Asarum sieboldii Miq. 10 - 20 parts, preferably 12 - 18 parts, more preferably 15 parts;

[0023] Portulaca oleracea L. 18 - 25 parts, preferably 19 - 23 parts, more preferably 20 parts;

[0024] Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. 1 - 5 parts, preferably 2 - 4 parts, more preferably 3 parts;

[0025] Stemona sessilifolia (Miq.) Miq. 5 - 10 parts, preferably 6 - 9 parts, more preferably 8 parts;

[0026] Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss. 5 - 10 parts, preferably 6 - 9 parts, more preferably 8 parts;

[0027] Melia azedarach L. var. sinensis (Pers.) Rehd. 10 - 20 parts, preferably 12 - 18 parts, more preferably 15 parts;

[0028] Sophora flavescens Ait. 5 - 15 parts, preferably 8 - 13 parts, more preferably 11 parts.

[0029] In the present invention, alkaloids such as berberine (berberine) and phellodendrine contained in Phellodendron amurense Rupr. have a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, can inhibit the growth of various plant pathogens, and can be used as a medicinal component for preparing pesticides for preventing and controlling pests and diseases.

[0030] Chlorogenic acid and flavonoid compounds contained in Lonicera japonica Thunb. have an inhibitory effect on various plant pathogens and can be used as a medicinal component for preparing pesticides for preventing and controlling pests and diseases.

[0031] Gingerol and curcumin in Zingiber officinale Roscoe have an inhibitory effect on various plant pathogens and can be used as a medicinal component for preparing pesticides for preventing and controlling pests and diseases.

[0032] Methyleugenol, safrole and asarinin in Asarum sieboldii Miq. have an inhibitory effect on soil-borne fungi such as Fusarium oxysporum and Phytophthora parasitica and some bacteria, and can be used as a medicinal component for preparing pesticides for preventing and controlling pests and diseases.

[0033] Alkaloids, flavonoids and chlorogenic acid in Portulaca oleracea L. have an inhibitory effect on various plant pathogens and bacteria, and can be used as a medicinal component for preparing pesticides for preventing and controlling pests and diseases.

[0034] Limonene and linalool in Chinese prickly ash have inhibitory effects on plant pathogens such as Fusarium, Colletotrichum, and Botrytis cinerea, and can be used as medicinal components to prepare pesticides for preventing and controlling pests and diseases.

[0035] Alkaloid active components such as stemona alkaloid and proto-stemona alkaloid in Stemona root have contact toxicity and stomach toxicity to piercing-sucking pests, can inhibit the nervous system of pests, and can be used as medicinal components to prepare pesticides for preventing and controlling pests and diseases.

[0036] Coumarins, pinene, limonene and flavonoid compounds in Cnidium monnieri have inhibitory effects on pathogens and can interfere with the feeding behavior of pests, and can be used as medicinal components to prepare pesticides for preventing and controlling pests and diseases.

[0037] Toosendanin, azadirachtin analogues and terpene compounds in Melia azedarach fruits cause the development of pests to stagnate by interfering with the ecdysone receptor of insects, and have significant effects on Lepidoptera and Homoptera pests, and can be used as medicinal components to prepare pesticides for preventing and controlling pests and diseases.

[0038] Alkaloids such as matrine and oxymatrine and flavonoid compounds in Sophora flavescens cause pests to become paralyzed and die by blocking insect nerve conduction, and have contact toxicity and stomach toxicity to aphids, spider mites, diamondback moths, etc., and can be used as medicinal components to prepare pesticides for preventing and controlling pests and diseases.

[0039] In the present invention, Asarum sieboldii and Melia azedarach fruits in combination can significantly prevent and control leaf spot of Dendrobium officinale; Phellodendron amurense, Lonicera japonica and Portulaca oleracea in combination can significantly prevent and control rust of Dendrobium officinale; Asarum sieboldii, Chinese prickly ash, Lonicera japonica, Cnidium monnieri, Stemona root, Portulaca oleracea, Zingiber officinale and Melia azedarach fruits in combination can significantly prevent and control the damage of spider mites to Dendrobium officinale; Zingiber officinale and Sophora flavescens in combination can significantly prevent and control the damage of snails to Dendrobium officinale; each medicine in the present invention performs its own functions, and there is an overlap between the various prescriptions. While taking multiple aspects into consideration, there is also a focus. Through the synergistic combination of each drug component, the purpose of preventing and controlling pests and diseases of Dendrobium officinale is achieved together.

[0040] The present invention provides a preparation method of the said pesticide. Mix the said pesticide with water, decoct for 1 - 3 times, filter, take the filtrate, combine the filtrates, concentrate and dry to obtain a pesticide for preventing and controlling pests and diseases of Dendrobium officinale.

[0041] The present invention has no special limitation on the source of raw materials, and conventional commercially available products can be used. In the present invention, Phellodendron amurense, Lonicera japonica, Zingiber officinale, Asarum sieboldii, Portulaca oleracea, Chinese prickly ash, Stemona root, Cnidium monnieri, Melia azedarach fruits and Sophora flavescens are mixed with water in a mass ratio of 1:3 - 7, decocted for 1 - 3 times, filtered, the filtrate is taken, the filtrates are combined, concentrated and dried to obtain a pesticide for preventing and controlling pests and diseases of Dendrobium officinale.

[0042] In the present invention, the decocting time is 15 - 40 min / time, preferably 20 - 35 min / time, and more preferably 30 min / time; the decocting temperature is 90 - 100 °C, preferably 92 - 98 °C, and more preferably 95 °C; the filtration is to perform solid-liquid separation using 4 - 5 layers of gauze, and the separated liquid is centrifuged to obtain the filtrate, with the centrifugation speed being 2000 - 5000 rpm, preferably 2500 - 4500 rpm, and more preferably 3000 rpm; the centrifugation time is 5 - 15 min, preferably 7 - 12 min, and more preferably 10 min; the concentration is vacuum concentration, the concentration temperature is 35 - 55 °C, preferably 40 - 50 °C, and more preferably 45 °C; the volume after concentration is 2 / 5 - 3 / 5 of the original volume, preferably 9 / 20 - 11 / 20, and more preferably 1 / 2.

[0043] The present invention also provides a method for applying the medicament or the medicament obtained according to the preparation method. The obtained medicament is diluted 100 - 200 times with clear water and applied to the leaves and stems of Dendrobium officinale plants by spraying, once every 5 - 1(0) d for 2 - 6 consecutive times.

[0044] In the present invention, the dilution multiple is preferably 120 - 180 times, more preferably 150 times; the number of days of interval is preferably 6 - 8 d, more preferably 7 d; the number of consecutive applications is preferably 3 - 5 times, more preferably 4 times.

[0045] The present invention also provides the application of the medicament or the medicament obtained according to the preparation method in preventing and controlling diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale.

[0046] In the present invention, the diseases and pests include diseases and insect pests. The diseases include leaf spot and rust; the insect pests include red spider mites and snails.

[0047] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] 1. Preparation of medicament:

[0050] It should be noted that in the translation of the content in line , "1(0)" in "once every 5 - 1(0) d" seems to be an incorrect expression in the original text. It is translated as it is for the purpose of maintaining the integrity of the original content. If this is an error in the original, it may need to be further confirmed and corrected.Weigh 100 g of Phellodendron amurense, 100 g of Lonicera japonica, 100 g of ginger, 150 g of Asarum sieboldii, 200 g of Portulaca oleracea, 30 g of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 80 g of Stemona sessilifolia, 80 g of Cnidium monnieri, 150 g of Melia azedarach, and 110 g of Sophora flavescens. Place them in 5.5 kg of water, bring to a boil over high heat, and then simmer for 30 min to obtain the first decoction. Use four layers of gauze to separate the solid residue from the decoction through solid-liquid separation. Put 5.5 kg of water into the separated residue again, bring to a boil over high heat, and then simmer for 30 min. Separate the residue from the decoction in the same way to obtain the second decoction. Combine the two decoctions, and use centrifugation to filter the combined two decoctions again. Set the centrifuge speed to 3000 rpm and the time to 10 min to obtain the filtrate. Put the filtrate into a vacuum concentration device, set the temperature to 45 °C, and concentrate it to 1 / 2 of the original filtrate volume to obtain the concentrated solution. Then, perform freeze-drying to obtain the agent for preventing and controlling diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale

[0051] 2. Agent spraying: During April, dilute the above-prepared agent by 150 times, and on rainless days, spray it on the leaves of Dendrobium officinale until the liquid starts to drip from the leaves. Spray it again every 7 days, and spray continuously for 4 times

[0052] Example 2

[0053] 1. Agent preparation:

[0054] Weigh 50 g of Phellodendron amurense, 50 g of Lonicera japonica, 70 g of ginger, 100 g of Asarum sieboldii, 180 g of Portulaca oleracea, 10 g of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 50 g of Stemona sessilifolia, 50 g of Cnidium monnieri, 100 g of Melia azedarach, and 50 g of Sophora flavescens. Place them in 3.55 kg of water, bring to a boil over high heat, and then simmer for 30 min to obtain the first decoction. Use four layers of gauze to separate the solid residue from the decoction through solid-liquid separation. Put 3.55 kg of water into the separated residue again, bring to a boil over high heat, and then simmer for 30 min. Separate the residue from the decoction in the same way to obtain the second decoction. Use four layers of gauze to separate the solid residue from the decoction through solid-liquid separation. Put 2.84 kg of water into the separated residue again, bring to a boil over high heat, and then simmer for 40 min. Separate the residue from the decoction in the same way to obtain the third decoction. Combine the three decoctions, and use centrifugation to filter the combined two decoctions again. Set the centrifuge speed to 3000 rpm and the time to 10 min to obtain the filtrate. Put the filtrate into a vacuum concentration device, set the temperature to 45 °C, and concentrate it to 1 / 2 of the original filtrate volume to obtain the concentrated solution. Then, perform freeze-drying to obtain the agent for preventing and controlling diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale

[0055] 2. Medicament spraying: During April, after diluting the medicament prepared above by 150 times, on rainless days, spray it on the leaves of Dendrobium officinale until the liquid medicine starts to drip from the leaves. Spray it again every 7 days, and spray continuously for 4 times. That's all.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] 1. Medicament preparation:

[0058] Weigh 150 g of Phellodendron amurense, 150 g of Lonicera japonica, 120 g of ginger, 200 g of Asarum sieboldii, 250 g of Portulaca oleracea, 50 g of Chinese prickly ash, 100 g of Stemona sessilifolia, 100 g of Fructus cnidii, 200 g of Melia azedarach fruits, and 150 g of Sophora flavescens. Place them in 7.35 kg of water, bring to a boil over high heat, and then simmer for 30 minutes to obtain the first decoction. Use four layers of gauze to separate the solid residue from the decoction. Put 7.35 kg of water into the separated residue again, bring to a boil over high heat, and then simmer for 30 minutes. Separate the residue from the decoction in the same way to obtain the second decoction. Combine the two decoctions, and use centrifugation to filter the combined two decoctions again. Set the rotation speed of the centrifuge to 3000 rpm and the time to 10 minutes to obtain the filtrate. Put the filtrate into a decompression concentration device, set the temperature to 45 °C, and concentrate it to 1 / 2 of the original filtrate volume to obtain the concentrated solution. Freeze-dry it to obtain the medicament for preventing and controlling the diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale.

[0059] 2. Medicament spraying: During April, after diluting the medicament prepared above by 150 times, on rainless days, spray it on the leaves of Dendrobium officinale until the liquid medicine starts to drip from the leaves. Spray it again every 7 days, and spray continuously for 4 times. That's all.

[0060] Comparative Example 1

[0061] 1. Medicament preparation:

[0062] Weigh 30 g of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex, 30 g of Flos Lonicerae, 50 g of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, 75 g of Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 100 g of Portulacae Herba, 50 g of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, 30 g of Stemonae Radix, 30 g of Fructus Cnidii, 75 g of Meliae Toosendan Fructus, and 30 g of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, place them in 2.5 kg of water, bring to a boil over high heat, and then simmer for 30 min to obtain the first decoction. Use four layers of gauze to separate the solid residue from the decoction through solid-liquid separation. Put 2.5 kg of water into the separated residue again, bring to a boil over high heat, and then simmer for 30 min. Separate the residue from the decoction in the same way to obtain the second decoction. Combine the two decoctions, and use centrifugation to filter the combined two decoctions again. Set the centrifuge speed to 3000 rpm and the time to 10 min to obtain the filtrate. Put the filtrate into a vacuum concentration device, set the temperature to 45 °C, and concentrate it to 1 / 2 of the original filtrate volume to obtain the concentrated solution. Freeze-dry it to obtain the agent for preventing and controlling pests and diseases of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo.

[0063] 2. Agent spraying: During April, dilute the agent prepared above by 150 times, and on rainless days, spray it on the leaves of Dendrobium officinale until the liquid starts to drip from the leaves. Spray it again every 7 days and continuously spray 4 times.

[0064] Control Example 2

[0065] Weigh 100 g of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex, 100 g of Flos Lonicerae, 90 g of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, 150 g of Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 200 g of Portulacae Herba, 6 g of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, 80 g of Stemonae Radix, 80 g of Fructus Cnidii, 150 g of Meliae Toosendan Fructus, and 100 g of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, place them in 5.28 kg of water, bring to a boil over high heat, and then simmer for 30 min to obtain the first decoction. Use four layers of gauze to separate the solid residue from the decoction through solid-liquid separation. Put 5.28 kg of water into the separated residue again, bring to a boil over high heat, and then simmer for 30 min. Separate the residue from the decoction in the same way to obtain the second decoction. Combine the two decoctions, and use centrifugation to filter the combined two decoctions again. Set the centrifuge speed to 3000 rpm and the time to 10 min to obtain the filtrate. Put the filtrate into a vacuum concentration device, set the temperature to 45 °C, and concentrate it to 1 / 2 of the original filtrate volume to obtain the concentrated solution. Freeze-dry it to obtain the agent for preventing and controlling pests and diseases of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo.

[0066] 2. Agent spraying: During April, dilute the agent prepared above by 150 times, and on rainless days, spray it on the leaves of Dendrobium officinale until the liquid starts to drip from the leaves. Spray it again every 7 days and continuously spray 4 times.

[0067] Control Example 3

[0068] 1. Agent preparation:

[0069] The method described in Example 1 is adopted, with the difference that in this comparative example, veratrum is used to replace asarum to prepare a medicament for preventing and controlling the diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo.

[0070] 2. Medicament spraying: During April, the prepared medicament is diluted 150 times and, on rainless days, sprayed onto the leaves of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo until the liquid medicine starts to drip from the leaves. Spray again every 7 days and spray continuously 4 times.

[0071] Comparative Example 4

[0072] 1. Medicament preparation:

[0073] The method described in Example 1 is adopted, with the difference that in this comparative example, coptis is used to replace portulaca oleracea to prepare a medicament for preventing and controlling the diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo.

[0074] 2. Medicament spraying: During April, the prepared medicament is diluted 150 times and, on rainless days, sprayed onto the leaves of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo until the liquid medicine starts to drip from the leaves. Spray again every 7 days and spray continuously 4 times.

[0075] Comparative Example 5

[0076] 1. Medicament preparation:

[0077] The method described in Example 1 is adopted, with the difference that in this comparative example, asarum is not used to prepare a medicament for preventing and controlling the diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo.

[0078] 2. Medicament spraying: During April, the prepared medicament is diluted 150 times and, on rainless days, sprayed onto the leaves of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo until the liquid medicine starts to drip from the leaves. Spray again every 7 days and spray continuously 4 times.

[0079] Comparative Example 6

[0080] 1. Medicament preparation:

[0081] The method described in Example 1 is adopted, with the difference that in this comparative example, portulaca oleracea is not used to prepare a medicament for preventing and controlling the diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo.

[0082] 2. Medicament spraying: During April, the prepared medicament is diluted 150 times and, on rainless days, sprayed onto the leaves of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo until the liquid medicine starts to drip from the leaves. Spray again every 7 days and spray continuously 4 times.

[0083] Comparative Example 7

[0084] 1. Medicament preparation:

[0085] The method described in Example 1 is adopted, except that in this comparative example, ginger is not used to prepare the medicament for preventing and controlling the diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo.

[0086] 2. Medicament spraying: During April, the prepared medicament is diluted 150 times and sprayed on the leaves of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo on rainless days until the liquid medicine starts to drip from the leaves. Spray again every 7 days for 4 consecutive times.

[0087] Experimental Example 1

[0088] Select 550 Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo plants of similar size and divide them into 11 groups, with 50 plants in each group. The Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo plants without applying any medicament are used as the control group, and the medicaments obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7 are used as the experimental groups. They are cultivated at equal intervals and uniformly fertilized. One month after spraying, observe the diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo four times continuously, observe once every half month, and record the number of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo plants with diseases and pests. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0089] Table 1 Diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo treated in different treatment groups

[0090] Group number First time / per plant Second time / per plant Third time / per plant Fourth time / per plant Example 1 0 0 0 0 Example 2 0 0 0 1 Example 3 0 0 0 0 Comparative example 1 5 8 13 22 Comparative example 2 3 7 11 19 Comparative example 3 45 45 45 45 Comparative example 4 43 43 43 43 Comparative example 5 8 12 17 29 Comparative example 6 10 16 25 37 Comparative example 7 6 11 18 28 Control group 13 19 28 40

[0091] As can be seen from Table 1, the medicament obtained in the examples of this application can effectively prevent and control the diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo. And the change of the medicament components will have a significant impact on its control effect. By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 3 and 4, it can be seen that only changing a certain component will also have different effects on Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo. By observing the growth of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo when spraying the medicaments of Comparative Examples 3 and 4, it can be seen that before starting to spray the medicaments of Comparative Examples 3 and 4, the leaves of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo are in normal shape and color. After spraying the medicament once and observing on the 3rd day, it can be seen that the leaves of some Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo in the Comparative Example 3 group start to become soft, while the leaves of some Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo in the Comparative Example 4 group start to show the phenomenon of leaf margin dehydration, and chlorosis spots begin to appear. After spraying the medicament twice, nearly half of the leaves in the Comparative Example 3 group start to show slight withering, and half of the Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo in the Comparative Example 4 group show the phenomenon of leaf margin scorching, and the chlorosis spot phenomenon intensifies. After spraying the medicament 4 times, most of the Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo in the Comparative Example 3 group wither, and most of the Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo in the Comparative Example 4 group show the phenomenon of leaf margin scorching, the leaves turn yellow, and no resuscitation phenomenon occurs in the Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo in the Comparative Examples 3 and 4 groups after stopping spraying, indicating that changing the components will cause irreversible damage to Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo by the medicament.

[0092] By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 5-7, it can be seen that after removing some components from the medicament, although it can play a certain control effect, its effect is not obvious, and it will still cause Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo to be harmed by diseases and pests.

[0093] Application Example

[0094] Using the medicament obtained in Example 1 as a sample, spraying dendrobium officinale planted in the forest with the spraying method given in Example 1, the results are as follows Figure 2 shown. Taking the dendrobium officinale planted in the forest without spraying the medicament as a control, the results are as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0095] From Figure 1 and Figure 2 it can be seen that the medicament obtained by the present application can effectively control various diseases and pests of dendrobium officinale, and it can be clearly seen from the figure that the dendrobium officinale after being controlled by the medicament of the present application has thicker branches and better quality.

[0096] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A medicament for preventing and controlling diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo, characterized in that, Comprising the following components in parts by mass: 5 - 15 parts of Phellodendron amurense, 5 - 15 parts of honeysuckle, 7 - 12 parts of ginger, 10 - 20 parts of Asarum sieboldii, 18 - 25 parts of Portulaca oleracea, 1 - 5 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 5 - 10 parts of Stemona sessilifolia, 5 - 10 parts of Fructus cnidii, 10 - 20 parts of Fructus meliae azedarach, 5 - 15 parts of Sophora flavescens.

2. The medicament for preventing and controlling diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale var. purpureum according to claim 1, characterized in that, Comprising the following components in parts by mass: 7 - 12 parts of Phellodendron amurense, 7 - 12 parts of honeysuckle, 8 - 11 parts of ginger, 12 - 18 parts of Asarum sieboldii, 19 - 23 parts of Portulaca oleracea, 2 - 4 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 6 - 9 parts of Stemona sessilifolia, 6 - 9 parts of Fructus cnidii, 12 - 18 parts of Fructus meliae azedarach, 8 - 13 parts of Sophora flavescens.

3. The medicament for preventing and controlling pests and diseases of Dendrobium officinale as described in claim 2, wherein, Comprising the following components in parts by mass: 10 parts of Phellodendron amurense, 10 parts of honeysuckle, 10 parts of ginger, 15 parts of Asarum sieboldii, 20 parts of Portulaca oleracea, 3 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 8 parts of Stemona sessilifolia, 8 parts of Fructus cnidii, 15 parts of Fructus meliae azedarach, 11 parts of Sophora flavescens.

4. The preparation method of the medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Mix the medicament according to any one of claims 1 - 3 with water, decoct for 1 - 3 times, filter, take the filtrate, combine the filtrates, concentrate and dry to obtain a medicament for preventing and controlling diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale var. purpureum.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the medicament to water for mixing is 1:3 - 7.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein The decocting time is 15 - 40 min / time, and the decocting temperature is 90 - 100 °C.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that The concentration is vacuum concentration, the concentration temperature is 35 - 55 °C, and the volume after concentration is 2 / 5 - 3 / 5 of the original volume.

8. A method of administering the medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the medicament obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, Dilute the obtained medicament 100 - 200 times with clear water, and apply it to the leaves and stems of Dendrobium officinale var. purpureum plants by spraying, apply it once every 5 - 10 days, and apply it continuously for 2 - 6 times.

9. Use of the medicament according to any one of claims 1 - 3 or the medicament obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 - 7 in preventing and controlling diseases and pests of Dendrobium officinale var. purpureum.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that The diseases and pests include diseases and insect pests, wherein the diseases include leaf spot and rust; the insect pests include red spider mites and snails.

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