Newborn multi-mode laryngoscope integrating ultrasonic-magnetic field coupling and preventing spasm

Abstract

The newborn multi-mode laryngoscope comprises a handle and a blade which are movably connected, a medicine injection connector and an oxygen connector are formed in the upper portion and the lower portion of the outer wall of the handle respectively, and a control circuit and a medicine storage bin are arranged in the handle; the tail part of the blade is sequentially provided with a high-frequency oxygen jet hole, a central dosing port and an imaging optical fiber, and the blade is internally provided with a micro piezoelectric motor and a nickel-titanium memory wire; the input end of the control circuit is connected with the imaging optical fiber, the output end of the control circuit is connected with the video display interface, and the imaging optical fiber comprises an optical fiber core layer, an ultrasonic transducer layer, a magnetic field coil layer and an insulation and heat dissipation layer which are arranged from inside to outside; an inlet of the medicine storage bin is connected with the medicine injection connector, an outlet of the medicine storage bin is connected with the central medicine feeding port, the oxygen connector is connected with the high-frequency oxygen spraying hole, and the end of the nickel-titanium memory wire is connected with the micro piezoelectric motor. The problems that in neonatal airway management, anesthesia takes effect slowly, and damage is caused by instrument superposition are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of neonatal laryngoscopes, and particularly to a neonatal multimodal laryngoscope integrating ultrasonic-magnetic field coupling for anti-spasm. Background Art

[0002] In clinical work, the most important part after a neonate is born is the judgment and treatment of its airway. Common first-aid operations include neonatal intubation, which is a basic skill for obstetric nurses and doctors. However, due to limited conditions in various places and the need to cooperate with a large amount of practical experience, many medical staff have difficulty in performing intubation smoothly.

[0003] As a commonly used operation technique for neonatal first aid, tracheal intubation requires speed and accuracy. Generally, it must be combined with the prior entry and assistance of a laryngoscope. Since there may be a large amount of dirt in the throat of a neonate and the mucous membrane is very fragile. Before delivery, it is in a completely non-activated state, so the insertion of the laryngoscope in the early stage poses a great challenge to doctors. Not only must a passage be established, but also the damage to the neonate's throat should be minimized as much as possible.

[0004] In current clinical practice protocols, the routine operation is: a three-instrument step-by-step operation of a laryngoscope + an independent jet oxygen supply tube + manual topical anesthesia, but it has defects: in current clinical practice, the average time-consuming of the step-by-step operation of a laryngoscope, an independent oxygen supply tube and topical anesthesia is 3.8 minutes, exceeding the 3-minute golden window for neonatal asphyxia first aid. When the space occupied by the mouth due to the superposition of instruments > 8 mm, the intubation failure rate in premature infants (oral opening < 10 mm) is as high as 58%.

[0005] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN115530737B discloses a visible flexible laryngoscope with a stable connection component, which adjusts the hardness of the insertion part through an airbag and realizes bending control by using a hinge. This prior art has limitations, such as: not integrating an anesthetic function and relying on preoperative external medicaments (resulting in an intubation delay ≥ 90 seconds). Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a neonatal multimodal laryngoscope integrating ultrasonic-magnetic field coupling for anti-spasm, which solves the problems of slow onset of anesthesia, damage caused by instrument superposition, and poor integration effect in neonatal airway management.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A neonatal multi-modal laryngoscope integrating ultrasonic-magnetic field coupling for anti-spasm, which comprises a handle and a blade. The bottom of the handle is detachably and movably connected to the head of the blade. A video display interface is provided at the top of the handle. A medicine injection interface and an oxygen interface are respectively arranged on the upper and lower parts of the outer wall of the handle. A control circuit and a medicine storage chamber are arranged inside the handle; the blade is a three-channel special-shaped structure. A high-frequency oxygen injection hole, a central medicine delivery port and an imaging optical fiber are successively arranged at the tail of the blade. A micro piezoelectric motor and a nitinol memory wire are arranged inside the blade; the titanium alloy base of the blade is covered with corrugated silica gel; the input end of the control circuit is connected to the output end of the imaging optical fiber. A camera is installed at the input end of the imaging optical fiber. The output end of the control circuit is connected to the video display interface. The imaging optical fiber comprises a fiber core layer. An ultrasonic transducer layer is annularly distributed around the periphery of the fiber core layer. A magnetic field coil layer is wound around the periphery of the ultrasonic transducer layer. An insulation and heat dissipation layer is coated on the periphery of the magnetic field coil layer; the inlet of the medicine storage chamber is connected to the medicine injection interface through a pipeline. The outlet of the medicine storage chamber is connected to the central medicine delivery port through a pipeline. The oxygen interface is connected to the high-frequency oxygen injection hole through a pipeline. The end of the nitinol memory wire is connected to the micro piezoelectric motor.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of buckles are arranged at the bottom of the handle, and matching slots are arranged at the positions of the head of the blade corresponding to the buckles. The buckles and the slots are movably clamped.

[0009] Preferably, the video display interface can be connected to a video display through USB-C.

[0010] Preferably, the medicine injection interface is a standard Luer injection interface; the oxygen interface is a micro pneumatic quick-connect interface.

[0011] Preferably, a battery installation interface is arranged on the outer wall of the handle, and the output end of the battery installation interface is connected to the input end of the control circuit through a circuit.

[0012] Preferably, a piezoelectric micropump is arranged at the central medicine delivery port. The end of the piezoelectric micropump is connected to the control circuit through a circuit. An anti-backflow device is arranged at the outlet end inside the piezoelectric micropump.

[0013] Preferably, the micro piezoelectric motor is fixed on the outer bottom surface of the slot; the curvature of the nitinol memory wire is adjusted by the heat of the micro piezoelectric motor.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustment range of the curvature of the nitinol memory wire is 5-30°.

[0015] Preferably, the fiber core layer is a fiber bundle with a diameter ≤0.5mm; the ultrasonic transducer layer is a micro piezoelectric ceramic array, and the size of a single micro piezoelectric ceramic is 0.2mm×0.2mm and the thickness is 50μm; the magnetic field coil layer is a superconducting nanowire, the wire diameter of the superconducting nanowire is 10μm, and the number of turns is 8000; the insulation and heat dissipation layer is an aluminum nitride ceramic coating with a thermal conductivity ≥170W / m·K.

[0016] Preferably, the height of the handle is 10 - 14 cm, the length of the blade is 5 - 6 cm, and the width of the blade is 8 - 12 mm.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Through electro - introduction, a central drug delivery port, and video display positioning, the onset time of surface anesthesia of the present invention is shortened from 90 seconds to ≤30 seconds, and the timeliness can be improved by 67%; among them, the electro - introduction technology enhances drug penetration. The electric current drives the lidocaine microemulsion to migrate deep into the mucosa, and the penetration depth is increased from 0.2 mm of traditional spraying to 0.8 mm; the 50 kHz alternating electric field temporarily expands the cell gap (the pore size increases to 5 nm), and the diffusion coefficient is increased by 3.2 times; central drug delivery does not require separate drug administration during intubation, and the display positioning increases the accuracy of drug delivery; the above - mentioned technologies and integration greatly shorten the onset time of anesthetic drugs; (2) Through high - frequency oxygen injection holes and ultrasonic - magnetic field coupling intervention, the present invention ensures the oxygen supply safety of patients and blocks the occurrence of vocal cord spasm; the high - frequency oxygen injection holes spray pulsed airflows to increase the alveolar expansion rate; the synergistic effect of 40 kHz ultrasound (0.8 W / cm²) and 0.5 T magnetic field (50 Hz) results in an 82% inhibition rate of vocal cord electromyogram amplitude, greatly reducing the incidence of spasm; (3) The blade of the present invention is designed as a three - channel special - shaped structure, and the titanium alloy base integrates oxygen supply, drug delivery, and imaging functions, with a weight < 100 g, making the blade 40% smaller than conventional products. In addition, the design of the SiO2 - TiO2 - SiO2 nano - coating and 0.5 V alternating electric field reduces the pollution treatment time from 15 - 30 seconds to ≤2 seconds, and the operation efficiency is increased by 87%. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention; [[ID=1(7]] Figure 2 It is another schematic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic internal structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 It is another schematic internal structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 It is Figure 2 The enlarged view of A in Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the imaging optical fiber in the present invention; In the figure: 1. Handle; 2. Blade; 3. Video display interface; 4. Medication injection interface; 5. Oxygen interface; 6. Medication storage chamber; 7. High-frequency oxygen injection holes; 8. Central medication delivery port; 9. Imaging optical fiber; 91. Optical fiber core layer; 92. Ultrasonic transducer layer; 93. Magnetic field coil layer; 94. Insulation and heat dissipation layer; 10. Micro piezoelectric motor; 11. Nitinol memory wire; 12. Snap; 13. Card slot; 14. Battery installation interface. Detailed implementation mode

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: As Figure 1-2 shown, a neonatal multimodal laryngoscope integrating ultrasonic-magnetic field coupling for anti-spasm of the present invention includes a handle 1 and a blade 2. The bottom of the handle 1 is detachably and movably connected to the head of the blade 2. Specifically, multiple snaps 12 are provided at the bottom of the handle 1, preferably three snaps 12. Corresponding to the position of the snaps 12 at the head of the blade 2, there are matching card slots 13, and the snaps 12 are movably clamped with the card slots 13.

[0020] At the top of the handle 1 in the present invention, there is a video display interface 3. On the upper and lower outer walls of the handle 1, a medication injection interface 4 and an oxygen interface 5 are respectively provided. Among them, the medication injection interface 4 is a standard Luer injection interface, and the oxygen interface 5 is a micro pneumatic quick-connect interface, which is convenient to be connected to the hospital oxygen supply device; inside the handle 1, there is a control circuit and a medication storage chamber 6. On the outer wall of the handle 1, there is a battery installation interface 14. The output end of the battery installation interface 14 is connected to the input end of the control circuit through a line, for providing the power required for the operation of the control circuit.

[0021] The blade 2 in the present invention has a three-channel special-shaped structure, and the curvature can be changed according to different gestational ages to adapt to the airway. At the tail of the blade 2, there are successively high-frequency oxygen injection holes 7, a central medication delivery port 8 and an imaging optical fiber 9. Inside the blade 2, there is a micro piezoelectric motor 10 and a nitinol memory wire 11; the titanium alloy base of the blade 2 is covered with corrugated silica gel.

[0022] The specific connection relationship between each component is: the input end of the control circuit is connected to the output end of the imaging optical fiber 9. A camera is installed at the input end of the imaging optical fiber 9. The output end of the control circuit is connected to the video display interface 3. The video display interface 3 can be connected to a video display through USB-C. During the process of tracheal intubation, the glottis image can be clearly collected, and medical staff can observe through the video display.

[0023] The imaging optical fiber 9 in the present invention includes an optical fiber core layer 91. An ultrasonic transducer layer 92 is annularly distributed around the optical fiber core layer 91. A magnetic field coil layer 93 is wound around the ultrasonic transducer layer 92. An insulation and heat dissipation layer 94 is coated on the outer periphery of the magnetic field coil layer 93. Through ultrasonic-magnetic field coupling interference, the imaging optical fiber 9 can block the spasm of the patient's vocal cords during tracheal intubation.

[0024] Among them, the optical fiber core layer 91 is an optical fiber bundle with a diameter ≤ 0.5 mm, which is used to transmit multi-spectral images; the ultrasonic transducer layer 92 is a micro piezoelectric ceramic array, and the size of a single micro piezoelectric ceramic is 0.2 mm × 0.2 mm, and the thickness is 50 μm; the magnetic field coil layer 93 is a superconducting nanowire, the wire diameter of the superconducting nanowire is 10 μm, and the number of turns is 8000; the insulation and heat dissipation layer 94 is an aluminum nitride ceramic coating with a thermal conductivity ≥ 170 W / m·K, which can isolate the energy field and dissipate heat.

[0025] The inlet of the medicine storage bin 6 is connected to the medicine injection interface 4 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the medicine storage bin 6 is connected to the central medicine delivery port 8 through a pipeline, which is used for topical anesthesia. A piezoelectric micropump is provided on the central medicine delivery port 8, and the end of the piezoelectric micropump is connected to the control circuit through a wire, which is used to drive the piezoelectric micropump to operate, so as to perform topical anesthesia through the central medicine delivery port 8; an anti-backflow device is provided at the outlet end in the piezoelectric micropump, which is used to control the one-way flow of the liquid medicine. The oxygen interface 5 is connected to the high-frequency oxygen injection hole 7 through a pipeline to ensure the oxygen supply safety during the patient's intubation process. The end of the nitinol memory wire 11 is connected to the micro piezoelectric motor 10, and the micro piezoelectric motor 10 is fixed on the outer bottom surface of the card slot 13; the curvature of the nitinol memory wire 11 is adjusted by the heat of the micro piezoelectric motor 10. Specifically, the micro piezoelectric motor 10 applies an axial force through a push rod mechanism, and cooperates with the internal PID temperature control module (accuracy ± 0.5 °C) to adjust the phase change state of the nitinol memory wire 11, realizing precise control of the bending angle of the nitinol memory wire 11 within 5 - 30°. Among them, the titanium alloy substrate of the nitinol memory wire 11 has a high elastic modulus, which can transfer the local deformation of the nitinol memory wire 11 to the entire blade 2; and the corrugated silica gel covers the surface of the substrate, allowing the surface to extend when the blade 2 bends, avoiding mucosal damage. The curvature adjustment range of the nitinol memory wire 11 is 5 - 30°; among them, when the bending angle is 5°, it is applicable to infants with a gestational age of 24 - 26 weeks (the anteroposterior diameter of the larynx is 3.8 ± 0.4 mm); when the bending angle is 15°, it is applicable to infants with a gestational age of 28 - 32 weeks (the anteroposterior diameter of the larynx is 5.2 ± 0.6 mm), and when the bending angle is 30°, it is applicable to infants with a gestational age of 37 weeks or more (the anteroposterior diameter of the larynx is 7.0 ± 0.8 mm).

[0026] In the present invention, the height of the handle 1 is 10 - 14 cm, the length of the blade 2 is 5 - 6 cm, the width of the blade is 8 - 12 mm. Preferably, the height of the handle 1 is set to 12 cm, the length of the blade 2 is preferably set to 5.5 cm, and the width of the blade 2 is preferably set to 10 mm.

[0027] The usage process of the present invention is as follows: I. Equipment Preparation and Initialization 1. Component Assembly: Connect the blade 2 to the buckle 12 of the handle 1 through the card slot 13 to ensure that the buckle 12 structure is locked; connect the video monitor to the video monitor interface through USB - C, turn on the power, and start the self - test program.

[0028] 2. Energy System Activation: Start the micro - Stirling refrigerator and connect it to the magnetic - field coil layer 93, cool the magnetic - field coil layer 93 to - 196 °C to maintain the superconducting state; pre - heat the ultrasonic transducer layer 92 to the resonance frequency of 40 kHz, and load a pulsed current of 200 mA (50 Hz) on the magnetic - field coil layer 93.

[0029] 3. Drug and Oxygen Supply Preparation: Inject 0.1% lidocaine microemulsion (particle size 120 nm) into the drug storage chamber 6 through the drug injection interface 4; then connect medical oxygen to the oxygen interface 5 and set the basic flow rate to 5 ml / s (humidified at 37 °C).

[0030] II. Laryngoscope Insertion and Glottis Localization 1. Anatomical Adaptation Adjustment: Input the gestational age (GA) of the child, and the system automatically adjusts the bending angle θ of the blade 2; when θ = 5°, it is applicable to children with a gestational age of 24 - 26 weeks (laryngeal anteroposterior diameter 3.8 ± 0.4 mm); when θ = 15°, it is applicable to children with a gestational age of 28 - 32 weeks (laryngeal anteroposterior diameter 5.2 ± 0.6 mm); when θ = 30°, it is applicable to children with a gestational age of 37 weeks or more (laryngeal anteroposterior diameter 7.0 ± 0.8 mm). Then, the micro - piezoelectric motor 10 drives the nitinol memory wire 11 to the target angle (e.g., GA = 28 weeks → θ = 8.2°).

[0031] 2. Multi - spectral Imaging Guidance: Start the dual - wavelength (660 nm + 850 nm) blood vessel recognition mode, and the AR interface displays the three - dimensional coordinates of the glottis (accuracy ±0.1 mm); The YOLOv5 algorithm real - time frames the glottis area (recognition accuracy 97.3%), and the dangerous area (contact pressure > 0.25 N) is marked in red for warning.

[0032] III. Biphasic Targeted Anesthesia Implementation 1. Electro - transfer Phase: When the mucosal contact pressure reaches 0.1 N, start the constant - current source (10 μA, 50 kHz PWM); the current lasts for 20 seconds, reducing the mucosal impedance from 2 kΩ to 3

[0033] Micro-injection stage: The piezoelectric micropump (MP6-0502) injects 0.03 ml of liquid medicine, and is turned on once for 1.5 ms; the 635 nm laser positioning spot (4.0 ± 0.2 mm) ensures that the liquid medicine covers the target area, and the submucosal concentration is 0.8 μg / mg.

[0034] Among them, the mechanism of anesthetic onset is as follows: The electro-infusion technology enhances drug penetration, and the current drives the lidocaine microemulsion to migrate deep into the mucosa. The penetration depth is increased from 0.2 mm of traditional spraying to 0.8 mm; the 50 kHz alternating electric field temporarily expands the cell gap (the pore size increases to 5 nm), and the diffusion coefficient is increased by 3.2 times. The central drug delivery port 8 does not require separate drug delivery during intubation, and the video display positioning increases the accuracy of drug delivery.

[0035] IV. Anti-spasm Intervention and Dynamic Oxygen Supply 1. Energy field coupling to block spasm: Ultrasonic standing wave: The 40 kHz sound wave (0.8 W / cm²) generates shear stress, inhibits the opening of Ca²⁺ channels (decreased release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum); Pulsed magnetic field: The 0.05 T magnetic field (50 Hz) induces cell membrane hyperpolarization and reduces the excitability of muscle fibers; Ultrasonic magnetic field energy field coupling: When the phase difference Δφ = 0.25 T, the spasm inhibition rate is 82% (the myoelectric amplitude decreases from 50 μV to 9 μV).

[0036] 2. Dual-mode oxygen supply to ensure safety: Basic oxygen supply: A constant flow of 5 ml / s maintains SpO2 > 95%; Pulsed oxygen supply: When the MEMS sensor detects vocal cord tremors > 6 Hz, it triggers a 50 Hz high-frequency air flow to avoid excessive alveolar expansion.

[0037] V. Intubation Navigation and Safety Monitoring 1. AR real-time guidance: The ToF sensor constructs a 3D model of the glottis and projects a green guidance path (error ±0.1 mm); when the catheter deviation > 0.5 mm, the tactile feedback module (linear motor vibration intensity has 3 gears) prompts correction.

[0038] 2. Safety interlock mechanism: Energy overload protection: When the ultrasonic power > 1.0 W / cm² or the magnetic field > 0.06 T, the output is cut off within 0.1 ms; Temperature monitoring: The aluminum nitride coating (thermal conductivity ≥ 170 W / m·K) controls the tissue temperature rise within ΔT < 0.5 °C Other parts not described in this invention are the same as the prior art.

Claims

1. A neonatal multimodal laryngoscope integrating ultrasonic-magnetic field coupling for anti-spasm, characterized in that It includes a handle (1) and a blade (2). The bottom of the handle (1) is detachably and movably connected to the head of the blade (2). A video display interface (3) is provided at the top of the handle (1). An injection port (4) and an oxygen interface (5) are respectively provided on the upper and lower parts of the outer wall of the handle (1). A control circuit and a medicine storage chamber (6) are provided inside the handle (1). The blade (2) is a three-channel special-shaped structure. A high-frequency oxygen injection hole (7), a central medicine delivery port (8), and an imaging optical fiber (9) are successively provided at the tail of the blade (2). A micro piezoelectric motor (10) and a nitinol memory wire (11) are provided inside the blade (2). The titanium alloy base of the blade (2) is covered with corrugated silica gel. The input end of the control circuit is connected to the output end of the imaging optical fiber (9). A camera is installed at the input end of the imaging optical fiber (9). The output end of the control circuit is connected to the video display interface (3). The imaging optical fiber (9) includes an optical fiber core layer (91). An ultrasonic transducer layer (92) is annularly distributed around the optical fiber core layer (91). A magnetic field coil layer (93) is wound around the ultrasonic transducer layer (92). An insulation and heat dissipation layer (94) is coated on the outer periphery of the magnetic field coil layer (93). The inlet of the medicine storage chamber (6) is connected to the injection port (4) through a pipeline. The outlet of the medicine storage chamber (6) is connected to the central medicine delivery port (8) through a pipeline. The oxygen interface (5) is connected to the high-frequency oxygen injection hole (7) through a pipeline. The end of the nitinol memory wire (11) is connected to the micro piezoelectric motor (10).

2. The integrated ultrasound-magnetic field coupling anti-spasm neonatal multi-modal laryngoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of buckles (12) are provided at the bottom of the handle (1). A matching slot (13) is provided at the head of the blade (2) corresponding to the position of the buckle (12). The buckle (12) is movably clamped with the slot (13).

3. The integrated ultrasonic-magnetic field coupling anti-spasm neonatal multi-modal laryngoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that The video display interface (3) can be connected to a video display through USB-C.

4. The integrated ultrasound-magnetic field coupled anti-spasmodic neonatal multi-modal laryngoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that The injection port (4) is a standard Luer injection interface; the oxygen interface (5) is a micro pneumatic quick-connect interface.

5. The integrated ultrasonic-magnetic field coupled anti-spasm neonatal multi-modal laryngoscope according to claim 1, wherein A battery installation interface (14) is provided on the outer wall of the handle (1). The output end of the battery installation interface (14) is connected to the input end of the control circuit through a circuit.

6. The integrated ultrasonic-magnetic field coupling anti-spasm neonatal multi-modal laryngoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that A piezoelectric micropump is provided at the central medicine delivery port (8). The end of the piezoelectric micropump is connected to the control circuit through a circuit. An anti-backflow device is provided at the outlet end inside the piezoelectric micropump.

7. The integrated ultrasound-magnetic field coupled anti-spasm neonatal multi-modal laryngoscope according to claim 2, characterized in that The micro piezoelectric motor (10) is fixed on the outer bottom surface of the slot (13). The curvature of the nitinol memory wire (11) is adjusted by the heat of the micro piezoelectric motor (10).

8. The integrated ultrasonic-magnetic field coupled anti-spasm neonatal multi-modal laryngoscope according to claim 7, characterized in that The adjustment range of the curvature of the nitinol memory wire is 5 - 30°.

9. The integrated ultrasonic-magnetic field coupled anti-spasmodic neonatal multi-modal laryngoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical fiber core layer (91) is an optical fiber bundle with a diameter ≤ 0.5 mm; the ultrasonic transducer layer (92) is a micro piezoelectric ceramic array, and the size of a single micro piezoelectric ceramic is 0.2 mm × 0.2 mm with a thickness of 50 μm; the magnetic field coil layer (93) is a superconducting nanowire with a wire diameter of the superconducting nanowire being 10 μm and the number of turns being 8000; the insulation and heat dissipation layer (94) is an aluminum nitride ceramic coating with a thermal conductivity ≥ 170 W / m·K.

10. The integrated ultrasonic-magnetic field coupled anti-spasm neonatal multi-modal laryngoscope according to claim 1, characterized in that The height of the handle (1) is 10 - 14 cm, the length of the blade (2) is 5 - 6 cm, and the width of the blade (2) is 8 - 12 mm.

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