Multi-focus intraocular lens dynamic tuning system and method for complex eye diseases

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intraocular lenses, in particular to a multi-focus intraocular lens dynamic tuning system and method for complex eye diseases. The invention relates to a multi-focus intraocular lens dynamic tuning system which integrates multiple functions of eyeball parameter receiving, tuning instruction generation, micro electrode array adjustment, driving loop control, electric control zoom lens dynamic focusing, wireless energy supply and monitoring, eyeball movement monitoring, safety control, data processing and display and the like. The system monitors eyeball movement in real time and dynamically adjusts the shape and the thickness of the crystal, so that accurate focusing is realized, and the visual quality and the adjusting performance are remarkably improved. Meanwhile, energy efficiency is improved through wireless energy supply, and safe operation is ensured through intelligent monitoring. The system breaks through the limitation of the prior art, creates a new intelligent intraocular lens normal form, provides an efficient, safe and intelligent solution for complex eye disease treatment, and has wide application prospects and great clinical value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intraocular lenses, and particularly to a dynamic tuning system and method for multifocal intraocular lenses for complex eye diseases. Background Art

[0002] With the aggravation of population aging and the popularization of electronic devices, complex eye diseases have become an important problem affecting the quality of life of hundreds of millions of people globally. Currently, intraocular lens technology is mainly divided into two categories: implantable static lenses and adjustable lenses.

[0003] Implantable static lenses mainly include two types: single focus and multifocus:

[0004] Single-focus intraocular lenses can only provide single-focal vision, and patients need to wear glasses to complete visual tasks at different distances.

[0005] Static multifocal intraocular lenses attempt to simultaneously meet the far, medium, and near-distance requirements by designing multiple fixed foci on the optical surface. However, their design results in light energy dispersion. Especially in low-light environments, the contrast sensitivity decreases by 40 - 50%, the glare increases by 30 - 40%, and it is difficult to see clearly at night.

[0006] Adjustable intraocular lens technology can be divided into the following types:

[0007] 1. Optically adjustable type: Materials cured by ultraviolet irradiation are used, and the adjustment is performed once after surgery and cannot be changed again (such as the Light Adjustable Lens of Calhoun Vision, with an adjustment period of 3 - 4 weeks);

[0008] 2. Mechanically adjustable type: The movement of the ciliary muscle is used to drive the displacement of the optical element (such as Crystalens). The measured adjustment range is only 0.4 - 1.0D, far lower than the theoretical value of 3.0D;

[0009] 3. Electrically controlled adjustable type: The arrangement of liquid crystals is controlled by an external electric field (such as the Elenza intelligent lens). The adjustment speed is 250 - 400 ms, the power consumption reaches 10 - 15 mW, and an external power supply and monitoring device are required;

[0010] The main problems existing in the prior art include:

[0011] 1. Slow adjustment speed (250 - 400 ms): The natural adjustment speed of the human eye is 50 - 100 ms, and the lag in the prior art leads to visual discomfort;

[0012] 2. Limited adjustment range (usually ±2D): It cannot meet the needs of patients with high refractive errors (±4 - 5D) are required;

[0013] 3. Difficulties in energy management: The external power supply system is complex, and the lifespan of implanted power sources is short (1 - 2 years);

[0014] 4. Low level of intelligence: Unable to automatically adjust according to ambient light and visual tasks;

[0015] 5. Lack of personalization: Unable to adapt to complex eye diseases such as astigmatism and irregular corneas. Summary of the Invention

[0016] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need for a multi - focal intraocular lens system that can achieve fast, precise, and intelligent adjustment to meet the diverse visual needs of patients with complex eye diseases.

[0017] The present invention proposes a dynamic tuning system and method for a multi - focal intraocular lens for complex eye diseases, including:

[0018] A dynamic tuning control unit, configured to:

[0019] Receive eye parameter data;

[0020] Generate a tuning control instruction based on the eye parameter data;

[0021] A micro - electrode array, electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit, configured to:

[0022] Receive the tuning control instruction sent by the dynamic tuning control unit;

[0023] Adjust the shape and thickness of the electro - controlled zoom lens unit based on the tuning control instruction;

[0024] A drive circuit unit, electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit, configured to:

[0025] Receive the drive signal sent by the dynamic tuning control unit;

[0026] Drive the electro - controlled zoom lens unit based on the drive signal;

[0027] An electro - controlled zoom lens unit, electrically connected to the micro - electrode array and the drive circuit unit, configured to:

[0028] Change its own shape and thickness according to the adjustment of the micro - electrode array and the drive of the drive circuit unit to achieve dynamic focusing;

[0029] A wireless power supply and monitoring unit, electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit, configured to:

[0030] Provide wireless electrical energy for the system;

[0031] Monitor the working status of each unit of the system;

[0032] The eye movement monitoring unit, electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit, is configured to:

[0033] Monitor eye movement parameters in real time;

[0034] Transmit the eye movement parameters to the dynamic tuning control unit;

[0035] The safety control unit, electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit, is configured to:

[0036] Monitor the voltage, current and power of the system;

[0037] Trigger the protection mechanism when an abnormality is detected;

[0038] The data processing and display unit, electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit, is configured to:

[0039] Process various types of data collected by the system;

[0040] Display the system operation status and tuning effect.

[0041] Preferably, the dynamic tuning control unit includes:

[0042] A power management module for supplying power to each unit of the system;

[0043] An analog control module, including:

[0044] A voltage regulation module for regulating the operating voltage of each unit of the system;

[0045] A digital signal processing module for processing digitized eye parameters and system status data;

[0046] A digital-to-analog conversion module for converting digital signals into analog signals;

[0047] A drive loop control module for generating control signals for driving the electro-control zoom crystal unit;

[0048] Wherein, the analog control module is electrically connected to the drive loop control module for transmitting the converted analog signal to the drive loop control module.

[0049] Preferably, the eye movement monitoring unit includes:

[0050] A measurement circuit unit for collecting eye rotation change data;

[0051] An analog filtering unit, electrically connected to the measurement circuit unit, for filtering the eye rotation change data;

[0052] The digital-to-analog conversion unit is electrically connected to the analog filtering unit and is used to convert the filtered analog signal into a digital signal;

[0053] The digital signal processing unit is electrically connected to the digital-to-analog conversion unit and is used to process the converted digital signal;

[0054] The eye movement parameter measurement module is electrically connected to the digital signal processing unit and is used to calculate eye movement parameters based on the processed digital signal.

[0055] Preferably, the safety control unit includes:

[0056] The overvoltage control module is used to monitor the system voltage and trigger protection when it exceeds a preset threshold;

[0057] The overcurrent control module is used to monitor the system current and trigger protection when it exceeds a preset threshold;

[0058] The overpower control module is used to monitor the system power and trigger protection when it exceeds a preset threshold;

[0059] Among them, the overvoltage control module, the overcurrent control module, and the overpower control module are all electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit and are used to send an alarm signal to the dynamic tuning control unit when protection is triggered.

[0060] Preferably, the electro-controlled zoom crystal unit includes:

[0061] The upper substrate has a curved surface structure and is connected to the ring electrode;

[0062] The lower substrate has a curved surface structure and is connected to the driving cell;

[0063] A plurality of driving cells are arranged between the upper substrate and the lower substrate and contain liquid crystals;

[0064] The insulating plate is arranged between the relatively driving cells;

[0065] The insulating ring is arranged between the driving cells;

[0066] Among them, the curved surface structures of the upper substrate and the lower substrate are designed according to the eye contour curvature of the eyeball.

[0067] Preferably, the wireless power supply and monitoring unit includes:

[0068] The wireless power generation module is used to generate an electromagnetic field;

[0069] The data transceiver module is used to perform data communication with external devices;

[0070] The power distribution module is used to manage the power distribution of each unit of the system;

[0071] An energy harvesting module for collecting and storing electrical energy;

[0072] Wherein, the wireless power generation module is electrically connected to the energy harvesting module for supplying electrical energy to the energy harvesting module; the power distribution module is electrically connected to each unit of the system for dynamically adjusting the power distribution according to the working states of the units.

[0073] Preferably, it further includes an artificial neural network module, which is electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit and is used for:

[0074] Receiving the eye parameters collected by the eye movement monitoring unit;

[0075] Processing the eye parameters based on a pre-trained neural network model;

[0076] Outputting the predicted optimal tuning parameters;

[0077] Wherein, the artificial neural network module includes an input layer, a hidden layer and an output layer, and the hidden layer adopts a long short-term memory recurrent network structure for processing the temporal features of eye movement.

[0078] Preferably, the electro-controlled zoom crystal unit adopts an electro-controlled liquid crystal design and includes:

[0079] A multi-focal optical region having a bifocal, trifocal or multi-focal structure;

[0080] A microelectrode array control module for controlling the electric field distribution in the multi-focal optical region;

[0081] Wherein, the refractive index distribution in the multi-focal optical region is dynamically adjusted according to the electric field strength to achieve switching of different focal lengths.

[0082] Preferably, it further includes a working mode switching module, which is electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit and is used for:

[0083] Switching between myopia, moderate and hyperopia working modes according to the ambient light intensity and user requirements;

[0084] Automatically switching between daytime and nighttime modes, wherein:

[0085] In the daytime mode, the pupil diameter is adjusted to be smaller to improve the line-of-sight focusing degree;

[0086] In the nighttime mode, the pupil diameter is adjusted to be larger to increase the amount of light entering;

[0087] Wherein, the working mode switching module adaptively adjusts the switching strategy according to the data provided by the eye movement monitoring unit.

[0088] A multi - focal intraocular lens dynamic tuning method for complex eye diseases based on the system, comprising the following steps:

[0089] S1. Real - time collect eye movement parameters and pupil diameter data through the eye movement monitoring unit;

[0090] S2. Input the eye movement parameters and pupil diameter data into a pre - trained artificial neural network model to generate preliminary tuning parameters;

[0091] S3. The dynamic tuning control unit generates precise tuning control instructions based on the preliminary tuning parameters and in combination with the current system state;

[0092] S4. Through the micro - electrode array and the drive circuit unit, convert the tuning control instructions into specific adjustments to the electro - controlled zoom lens unit;

[0093] S5. The electro - controlled zoom lens unit dynamically changes its own shape and thickness according to the received adjustment signal to achieve multi - focal switching;

[0094] S6. The data processing and display unit processes and displays the tuning effect in real time;

[0095] S7. The safety control unit continuously monitors the system operation state to ensure system safety;

[0096] S8. Dynamically optimize the tuning strategy according to the tuning effect and user feedback to achieve continuous improvement;

[0097] Among them, steps S1 to S8 are executed in a loop to achieve real - time dynamic tuning of the multi - focal intraocular lens.

[0098] The multi - focal intraocular lens dynamic tuning system and method for complex eye diseases of the present invention are designed specifically for these technical problems. By integrating advanced micro - electronic technology, materials science, and artificial intelligence algorithms, the system realizes real - time dynamic tuning of the intraocular lens, providing a new vision correction solution for patients with complex eye diseases.

[0099] Specifically, the system of the present invention includes a dynamic tuning control unit, a micro - electrode array, a drive circuit unit, an electro - controlled zoom lens unit, a wireless power supply and monitoring unit, an eye movement monitoring unit, a safety control unit, and a data processing and display unit. The organic combination and collaborative work of these modules not only solve many problems in the prior art but also bring a series of remarkable technical effects.

[0100] First, the system of the present invention achieves an unprecedented fast focusing ability. Through a high-precision microelectrode array and an intelligent driving algorithm, the system can complete the focal length switching in milliseconds, far faster than existing adjustable crystals. This fast response ability greatly enhances the visual experience of patients when switching between different viewing distances, making activities that require frequent changes in the fixation distance, such as driving and reading, more comfortable and safe.

[0101] Secondly, the electro-controlled zoom crystal unit of the present invention adopts an innovative liquid crystal polymer composite material and a multi-focus optical design, greatly improving the optical performance. The system can not only provide clear far, medium, and near three-focus vision, but also dynamically adjust the focus distribution and intensity according to actual needs. This flexibility enables the system to adapt to various complex eye diseases, such as high myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, etc., and provides personalized vision correction solutions for patients.

[0102] In terms of energy management, the present invention realizes long-term stable power supply through a wireless power supply and monitoring unit. The innovative piezoelectric and thermoelectric hybrid power generation technology uses eye movement and temperature difference to generate energy, greatly extending the working time of the system. At the same time, the intelligent power management algorithm ensures that the system minimizes energy consumption while ensuring core functions, solving the power supply problem in the prior art.

[0103] A major highlight of the present invention is its high intelligence and self-adaptability. By real-time monitoring of eye movement parameters and environmental light conditions and combining deep learning algorithms, the system can predict the visual needs of patients and adjust optical parameters in advance. This active adjustment mode not only improves visual clarity but also significantly reduces visual fatigue, especially suitable for scenarios with long-term eye use.

[0104] Safety is another important feature of the present invention. The system integrates multiple protection mechanisms, including overvoltage, overcurrent, and over-power protection, ensuring the safety of long-term implantation and use. The introduction of these protection measures solves the problem of insufficient long-term implantation safety in the prior art and clears the way for clinical applications.

[0105] More notably, the system of the present invention has the ability of self-learning and continuous optimization. By analyzing the usage data and feedback of patients, the system can continuously optimize the tuning strategy, making the vision correction effect gradually improve over time. This evolutionary ability enables the system to better adapt to the individual differences of patients and the long-term changes in visual needs.

[0106] In summary, the multifocal intraocular lens dynamic tuning system and method for complex eye diseases presented in this invention achieves significant breakthroughs in visual quality, accommodation performance, energy efficiency, intelligence, and safety. It not only overcomes many limitations of existing technologies but also establishes a new paradigm for intelligent intraocular lenses. The application of this system is expected to significantly improve the visual experience and quality of life for patients with complex eye diseases, and promote the development of ophthalmology towards a more personalized and intelligent direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0107] Figure 1 It is the overall logic block diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0108] Figure 2 is an internal logic diagram of the dynamic tuning control unit of the present invention;

[0109] Figure 3 is an internal logic diagram of the eye movement monitoring unit of the present invention;

[0110] Figure 4 is an internal logic diagram of the safety control unit of the present invention;

[0111] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the electrically controlled zoom crystal unit of the present invention.

[0112] Figure 6 This is the internal logic diagram of the wireless power supply and monitoring unit of the present invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0113] Please refer to the attached Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a multifocal intraocular lens dynamic tuning system and method for complex eye diseases. This system can adjust the focal length of the intraocular lens in real time based on the patient's eye condition, providing personalized vision correction solutions for patients with complex eye diseases. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0114] The multifocal intraocular lens dynamic tuning system of the present invention includes a dynamic tuning control unit 1, a microelectrode array 5, a drive circuit unit 6, an electrically controlled variable focus lens unit 4, a wireless power supply and monitoring unit 7, an eye movement monitoring unit 8, a safety control unit 9, and a data processing and display unit 10. These modules work together to achieve the dynamic tuning function of the intraocular lens.

[0115] Specifically, the dynamic tuning control unit 1, as the core of the system, is responsible for receiving eye parameter data and generating tuning control instructions. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic tuning control unit 1 uses a control algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning, which can continuously optimize the control strategy based on historical tuning results. The core concept of this algorithm can be expressed as follows:

[0116] Q(s,a) = Q(s,a) + α[r + γ max a′ Q(s′,a′) - Q(s,a)],

[0117] (Q(s,a)) represents the value function of taking action (a) in state (s), (α) is the learning rate, (r) is the immediate reward, (γ) is the discount factor, and (s′) and (a′) represent the next state and action respectively. By continuously iterating and updating the (Q) value, the system can learn the optimal tuning strategy.

[0118] The microelectrode array 5 is electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit 1, and is used to receive the tuning control instruction and adjust the shape and thickness of the electro - controlled zoom crystal unit 4. The present invention adopts the high - density microelectrode array technology, and the electrode density can reach 1000 pieces / mm 2 , which can achieve refined electric - field regulation. This high - density electrode array enables the system to more precisely control the deformation of the crystal, thereby realizing more accurate focal length adjustment.

[0119] The drive circuit unit 6 is responsible for receiving the drive signal sent by the dynamic tuning control unit 1 and driving the electro - controlled zoom crystal unit 4. In an embodiment of the present invention, the drive circuit unit 6 adopts the pulse - width modulation (PWM) technology, and precisely controls the drive current by adjusting the pulse width. The frequency of the PWM signal is usually set above 20 kHz to avoid audible noise and ensure sufficient adjustment accuracy.

[0120] The electro - controlled zoom crystal unit 4 is the core component of the present invention. It can change its own shape and thickness according to the adjustment of the microelectrode array 5 and the drive of the drive circuit unit 6 to achieve dynamic focusing. The present invention adopts an innovative liquid - crystal polymer material, and its refractive index can be continuously adjusted within the range of 1.45 - 1.55, so that the focal length adjustment range can reach ±5D, meeting the vision correction needs of most patients.

[0121] The dynamic tuning control unit 1 includes a power management module 11, an analog control module, and a drive circuit control module. Among them, the analog control module further includes a voltage regulation module 12, a digital signal processing module 13, and a digital - to - analog conversion module 19. This modular design improves the flexibility and maintainability of the system.

[0122] The power management module 11 is responsible for supplying power to each unit of the system. It adopts the advanced dynamic power management technology, and can dynamically adjust the power supply strategy according to the working state of each module, effectively reducing the system power consumption. In an embodiment of the present invention, the total power consumption of the system is controlled below 5 mW, and long - term implant use can be achieved.

[0123] The power consumption control of the system of the present invention adopts the following strategy:

[0124] 1. Component power consumption details:

[0125] Control processor: 0.8 mW (Ambiq Apollo3 Blue, operating frequency 2 MHz);

[0126] Electrode drive circuit: 0.4 - 0.6 mW (only works during adjustment);

[0127] Eye movement monitoring circuit: 0.3 - 0.5 mW (intermittent working mode);

[0128] Wireless communication module: < 0.1 mW (only activated during data transmission, sleeps > 99% of the time);

[0129] Electrically controlled zoom crystal: 1.2 - 1.5 mW (steady - state maintenance power consumption < 0.3 mW);

[0130] All kinds of sensors: 0.1 - 0.2 mW (using low - duty - cycle working mode);

[0131] 2. Low - power design strategies:

[0132] Deep - sleep mode: The processor is in the sleep state 95% of the time, only key monitoring is retained;

[0133] Event - driven architecture: Only wakes up the complete processing flow when eye movement or environmental changes are detected;

[0134] Dynamic voltage regulation: Dynamically adjusts the supply voltage according to the computing load, reducing power consumption by 20 - 30%;

[0135] Partitioned power supply management: Non - working modules are completely powered off to avoid static leakage;

[0136] Pulse - drive technology: The electrode drive uses pulse - width modulation to reduce the continuous power - on time;

[0137] 3. Energy harvesting technology:

[0138] Thermoelectric energy harvesting: Utilizes the temperature difference inside and outside the eye (about 1 - 2 °C) to generate 0.1 - 0.3 mW of energy;

[0139] Piezoelectric energy harvesting: Utilizes eye movement to harvest 0.5 - 0.8 mWh of energy per hour;

[0140] Energy storage: Adopts a medical supercapacitor with a capacity of 0.5 mAh @ 3V, supporting rapid charge and discharge;

[0141] After the above optimizations, the total system power consumption is controlled within the range of 3.0 - 3.5 mW. Combined with the energy harvesting system, it can theoretically achieve self - sufficient energy operation.

[0142] The voltage regulation module 12 in the analog control module adopts low-dropout linear regulator (LDO) technology, and the output voltage ripple can be controlled within ±0.1%, providing a stable operating voltage for each unit of the system. The digital signal processing module 13 uses a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 processor with a main frequency of up to 200 MHz, capable of real-time processing of complex eye parameter data. The analog-to-digital conversion module 19 uses a 16-bit SAR ADC with a sampling rate of up to 1 MSPS, ensuring high-precision and low-latency signal conversion.

[0143] The eye movement monitoring unit 8 includes a measurement circuit unit, an analog filtering unit, an analog-to-digital conversion unit 15, a digital signal processing unit, and an eye movement parameter measurement module. This multi-level signal processing architecture can effectively improve the measurement accuracy of eye movement parameters.

[0144] The measurement circuit unit uses a highly sensitive Hall sensor array to detect weak magnetic field changes around the eyeball, thus achieving non-contact eye movement monitoring. The analog filtering unit uses an 8th-order Butterworth low-pass filter with a cut-off frequency set at 100 Hz to effectively filter out high-frequency noise. The analog-to-digital conversion unit 15 uses a 24-bit Σ-Δ ADC with an effective number of bits up to 20 bits, meeting the requirements of high-precision eye movement parameter measurement.

[0145] The digital signal processing unit uses an eye movement trajectory prediction algorithm based on Kalman filtering, which can be expressed as:

[0146]

[0147] where, represents the state estimate at time k, (F k ) is the state transition matrix, (K k ) is the Kalman gain, (z k ) is the observation value, and (H k ) is the observation matrix. By continuously iterating and updating the state estimate, the system can achieve precise tracking and prediction of eye movement.

[0148] The eye movement parameter measurement module calculates eye movement parameters based on the processed digital signal, including the fixation point position, eyeball rotation angle, eyeball rotation speed, etc. These parameters provide important decision-making basis for the dynamic tuning control unit 1.

[0149] Through the collaborative work of the above modules, the multifocal intraocular lens dynamic tuning system of the present invention can achieve precise correction of the vision of patients with complex eye diseases. The dynamic tuning ability of the system enables patients to obtain a clear visual experience under different viewing distances and lighting conditions, greatly improving the quality of life. At the same time, the low-power design and wireless power supply technology of the system ensure the feasibility of long-term implantation and use.

[0150] The innovation of the present invention lies not only in the design of the hardware system, but also in the adoption of advanced artificial intelligence algorithms to optimize the tuning strategy. This integrated solution combining hardware and software provides new ideas and methods for the treatment of complex eye diseases.

[0151] The safety control unit 9 of the present invention includes an overvoltage control module, an overcurrent control module, and an overpower control module. This multiple protection mechanism greatly improves the safety and reliability of the system, providing strong guarantee for long-term implant use.

[0152] Specifically, the overvoltage control module adopts a precise comparator circuit. When it detects that the system voltage exceeds the preset threshold, it immediately triggers the protection mechanism. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the voltage threshold is set to 3.6V, taking into account the tolerance of human tissues and the operating voltage range of each module of the system. When the voltage exceeds this threshold, the overvoltage control module will immediately send an alarm signal to the dynamic tuning control unit 1 and at the same time start the fast discharge circuit to safely release the excess electrical energy.

[0153] The overcurrent control module adopts an innovative self-resetting fuse technology. When it detects that the current exceeds the safety threshold, the fuse will quickly blow and cut off the current path. The self-resetting fuse selected in the present invention has a fast response characteristic, and the fusing time does not exceed 10ms, effectively preventing damage to human tissues by large currents. The current threshold is set separately according to the requirements of different modules. For example, for the microelectrode array 5, the current threshold is set to 1mA, which is a safety threshold based on a large amount of clinical experimental data.

[0154] The overpower control module ensures safety by real-time monitoring of the power consumption of the system. The present invention adopts a temperature-based power control algorithm, which can be expressed as:

[0155] P max =k(T max -T amb ),

[0156] where (P max ) is the maximum allowable power, (k) is the heat conduction coefficient, (T max ) is the highest allowable temperature, and (T max ) is the ambient temperature. In this way, the system can dynamically adjust the maximum allowable power according to the actual situation, ensuring both safety and improving the working efficiency of the system.

[0157] The electro-controlled zoom crystal unit 4 of the present invention adopts an innovative structural design, including an upper substrate, a lower substrate, a plurality of driving cells, an insulating plate, and an insulating ring. This structural design not only improves the focusing accuracy and range, but also greatly enhances the reliability of the system.

[0158] The upper substrate and the lower substrate adopt a special curved surface structure, and its radius of curvature is designed according to the standard eyeball model, usually between 7.8 mm and 8.2 mm. This design enables the intraocular lens to better fit the surface of the eyeball and reduces the risk of postoperative complications. The substrate material is selected as PMMA with good biocompatibility, and the thickness is controlled within 100 μm, which not only ensures sufficient mechanical strength but also does not affect the normal physiological functions of the eyeball.

[0159] The liquid crystal-PDMS composite material adopted in the present invention achieves millisecond-level response based on the following innovations:

[0160] 1. Material modification: PDMS surface treatment technology is adopted, and the anchoring energy of liquid crystal molecules is reduced by NH2-PDMS modification, so that the anchoring energy is reduced from the traditional ~10-3 J / m 2 to ~10-5 J / m 2 ;

[0161] 2. Liquid crystal selection: Use the low-viscosity variant in the E7 series of liquid crystals (viscosity coefficient 8.2 mPa·s, 35% lower than the standard E7);

[0162] 3. Driving strategy: Adopt the over-driving voltage strategy, initially provide 2.5 times the steady-state voltage, and then drop to the steady-state value after 10 ms;

[0163] 4. Micro-scale structure design: Control the size of the driving cell within 20-50 μm to reduce the movement distance of liquid crystal molecules;

[0164] 5. Adding nanoparticles: Dope 0.5% by mass of silicon nanoparticles (5-10 nm) in the liquid crystal to reduce the rotational viscosity;

[0165] The above measures work together to achieve a response speed of 45-55 ms, meeting the requirements of the natural accommodation speed of the human eye. Experimental verification shows that the composite material can reach the expected response time under a driving voltage of ±2.5 V, and the power consumption is only 60% of that of conventional liquid crystals.

[0166] The driving cell is the core component of the present invention and adopts a composite material of liquid crystal and flexible polymer. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal selects the E7 series with a high birefringence, and its birefringence can reach 0.2, which significantly improves the focusing range. The flexible polymer matrix adopts a PDMS material with controllable cross-linking degree, and its Young's modulus can be adjusted between 0.1 MPa and 10 MPa, which not only ensures sufficient deformation ability but also can maintain the overall shape of the crystal.

[0167] Regarding the biosafety consideration of E7 liquid crystal, the present invention takes the following measures:

[0168] 1. Biological encapsulation technology: A double-layer encapsulation structure is adopted. The inner layer is a medical-grade fluorosilicone oxide film (with a thickness of 8 - 12 μm), and the outer layer is medical-grade PMMA (with a thickness of 75 - 100 μm);

[0169] 2. Biosafety assessment: Evaluated by ISO 10993-5 cytotoxicity, ISO 10993-6 implantation test, and ISO 10993-10 sensitization test;

[0170] 3. Material alternative: Developed a biocompatible liquid crystal alternative BIO-LC4, whose chemical structure is modified to improve biocompatibility and has passed the preliminary FDA biocompatibility assessment;

[0171] 4. Isolation design: The liquid crystal is completely sealed within the biocompatible material, with no possibility of direct contact with intraocular tissues;

[0172] 5. Monitoring system: An internal leakage detection sensor is installed, which automatically cuts off the power and issues an alarm when the encapsulation integrity is damaged.

[0173] Long-term (12 months) rabbit eye implantation studies have shown that the liquid crystal material of the above encapsulation scheme did not cause obvious tissue reactions, and the inflammation score was significantly lower than the medical-grade standard threshold.

[0174] The design of the insulating plate and insulating ring effectively solves the problem of electric field interference between adjacent driving cells. The insulating material selected is silicon nitride with a high dielectric strength, and its breakdown electric field strength is as high as 10 MV / cm, and it can maintain good insulation performance even under high-voltage working conditions.

[0175] The silicon nitride insulating material used in the present invention has the following parameter specifications:

[0176] 1. Insulation layer thickness:

[0177] Main insulating plate: 200 - 250 nm;

[0178] Insulating ring: 300 - 350 nm;

[0179] Interconnect layer insulation: 150 - 180 nm;

[0180] 2. Electrical properties:

[0181] Breakdown electric field strength: 9.8 - 10.5 MV / cm (at room temperature);

[0182] Volume resistivity: >10^16 Ω·cm;

[0183] Dielectric constant: 6.8 - 7.2 (tested at 1 MHz);

[0184] Leakage current density: <1 nA / cm 2(Under a 3V bias);

[0185] 3. Preparation method:

[0186] Adopt the low-temperature plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process;

[0187] Deposition temperature: 250 - 280 °C, far lower than the PDMS degradation temperature;

[0188] Subsequent annealing treatment: 320 °C, 30 minutes, in a nitrogen environment;

[0189] 4. Long-term stability:

[0190] Accelerated aging test: 1000 hours under the conditions of 85 °C / 85% relative humidity;

[0191] Ion mobility: <10^-15 cm 2 / V·s;

[0192] Interface trap density: <10^11 cm -2 ·eV -1 ;

[0193] The above parameters ensure a safety margin of more than 7 times under the maximum operating voltage (±3.6V) of the device.

[0194] The wireless power supply and monitoring unit 7 of the present invention includes a wireless power generation module, a data transceiver module, a power distribution module, and an energy harvesting module. This integrated design not only solves the power supply problem but also realizes the real-time monitoring of the system state.

[0195] The wireless power generation module adopts the magnetic coupling resonance technology, and the operating frequency is selected at 13.56 MHz, taking into account the absorption characteristics of human tissues for electromagnetic waves and the energy transmission efficiency. In an embodiment of the present invention, the energy transmission efficiency can reach 85%, which is much higher than the traditional electromagnetic induction technology.

[0196] The data transceiver module adopts the low-power Bluetooth 5.0 technology, and its transmission rate can reach 2 Mbps, which is sufficient to meet the real-time transmission requirements of system data. At the same time, the power consumption of this module is only 10 mW, greatly reducing the overall power consumption of the system.

[0197] The power distribution module adopts an intelligent power management algorithm, which can dynamically adjust the power distribution according to the working states of each unit. The algorithm can be expressed as:

[0198]

[0199] where, (P i ) is the power allocated to the u-th unit, (w i ) is the weight coefficient, (Ptotal ) is the total available power. By dynamically adjusting the weight coefficients, the system can maximize the energy utilization efficiency while ensuring the core functions.

[0200] The energy harvesting module innovatively adopts a hybrid piezoelectric and thermoelectric power generation technology. The piezoelectric elements generate electricity by utilizing the tiny deformations caused by eye movements, while the thermoelectric elements generate electricity by utilizing the temperature difference between the eye and the environment. This hybrid power generation technology can provide continuous energy replenishment for the system without affecting the normal life of the patient.

[0201] The present invention also includes an artificial neural network module, which is electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit 1. The introduction of this module enables the system to have learning and adaptation capabilities, and can continuously optimize the tuning strategy according to the individual differences and usage habits of the patient.

[0202] The artificial neural network module adopts an innovative hybrid neural network structure, including a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a long short-term memory network (LSTM). The CNN is used to process the eye image data and extract key features, while the LSTM is used to process the time-series data and capture the dynamic features of eye movements. This hybrid structure can be expressed as:

[0203] y = LSTM(CNN(x)),

[0204] where (x) is the input eye parameter data, CNN represents the convolutional neural network operation, LSTM represents the long short-term memory network operation, and y is the predicted optimal tuning parameter.

[0205] The actual deployment of the neural network model of the present invention adopts the following strategies:

[0206] 1. Model architecture optimization:

[0207] Lightweight CNN: Only 3 layers of convolution are used, and the number of channels in each layer < 16;

[0208] Simplified LSTM: Single layer, and the hidden state dimension is only 24;

[0209] Activation function: ReLU6 is adopted to replace the standard ReLU for facilitating fixed-point implementation;

[0210] 2. Computation acceleration strategies:

[0211] Model pruning: 95% of the weight connections are deleted, and the key neurons are retained;

[0212] Mixed-precision arithmetic: The weights are quantized to 8 bits, and the intermediate results are represented by 16 bits;

[0213] Sparse computation: The sparsity of the activation values > 90%, and sparse matrix operations are utilized;

[0214] 3. Hardware implementation:

[0215] Adopt an ultra-low-power neural network accelerator (NNA) with power consumption < 0.5mW@1MHz;

[0216] A dedicated matrix multiplication unit (MMU) with 8-bit MAC efficiency > 2TOPS / W;

[0217] The on-chip SRAM is only 128KB, and a block loading strategy is adopted to process the model;

[0218] 4. Real-time guarantee:

[0219] Processing delay: single inference < 10ms;

[0220] Processing frequency: intermittent operation, 10 - 20 predictions per second;

[0221] Instantaneous power consumption: peak < 2mW, average < 0.4mW;

[0222] The above optimizations enable the originally complex CNN + LSTM model to run stably on an implantable low-power processor. The overall model size is only 84KB, meeting the requirements of real-time eye movement analysis. [[ID=?]] [[ID=?]]

[0223] During the training process, the present invention adopts transfer learning technology. First, the model is pre-trained on a large-scale eye dataset, and then fine-tuned for individual patients. This method significantly improves the generalization ability and personalization degree of the model. At the same time, in order to cope with the computational resource limitations in the implant environment, the present invention also adopts model compression technology to control the model size within 100KB with an accuracy loss of no more than 5%.

[0224] By introducing this artificial neural network module, the system of the present invention can continuously learn and adapt to the visual needs of patients, providing a more accurate and personalized vision correction solution. This not only improves the visual experience of patients but also opens up a new direction for future intelligent medical devices.

[0225] The electro-controlled zoom crystal unit 4 of the present invention adopts an electro-controlled liquid crystal design, including a multi-focus optical region and a microelectrode array control module. This design not only realizes the multi-focus function but also can dynamically adjust the focal length according to actual needs, providing a more flexible vision correction solution for patients with complex eye diseases.

[0226] The multi - focal optical region adopts an innovative liquid crystal molecule alignment technology, which can achieve a bi - focal, tri - focal or multi - focal structure. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a tri - focal structure is adopted, corresponding to three viewing distances: far, medium and near. This design can meet most of the visual needs of patients in daily life, such as long - distance driving, medium - distance computer operation and short - distance reading, etc. The diopter of each focus can be customized according to the individual needs of the patient. Usually, the far focus is set to 0D (for correcting distant vision), the medium focus is set to - 1.5D to - 2.0D, and the near focus is set to - 3.0D to - 3.5D.

[0227] The micro - electrode array control module is responsible for controlling the electric field distribution in the multi - focal optical region, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the focal length. The present invention adopts a high - density micro - electrode array technology, and the electrode density can reach 10,000 / mm 2 . This high - density electrode array enables the system to precisely control the orientation of liquid crystal molecules, thereby realizing the refractive index adjustment with nanometer - level precision. The electrode material is selected as a platinum - iridium alloy with good biocompatibility, and the thickness is controlled within 50nm, which not only ensures good conductivity but also does not affect the optical performance.

[0228] The present invention also innovatively introduces an adaptive electric - field regulation algorithm, which can dynamically adjust the electric - field distribution according to the pupil size of the patient and the ambient light intensity. The algorithm can be expressed as:

[0229]

[0230] where (E(r,θ)) represents the electric - field intensity distribution, is the radial polynomial, and (a n m) is the expansion coefficient. By dynamically adjusting the expansion coefficient, the system can achieve precise control of the electric - field distribution, thereby optimizing the optical performance.

[0231] The present invention also includes a working - mode switching module, which is electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit 1. The introduction of this module greatly improves the adaptability of the system, and can automatically switch to the best working mode according to different usage scenarios and environmental conditions.

[0232] The working - mode switching module includes three basic working modes: myopia, moderate and hyperopia modes, as well as day and night modes. The decision of mode switching is based on a multi - factor evaluation model, which can be expressed as:

[0233]

[0234] where (M) is the selected working mode, (x i ) is the feature vector of the i - th mode, (f j (·)) is the j - th evaluation factor, and (wj ) is the weight coefficient. The evaluation factors include but are not limited to ambient light intensity, pupil diameter, eye fixation distance, etc.

[0235] The specific parameter thresholds for the system mode switching of the present invention are as follows:

[0236] 1. Light intensity threshold:

[0237] Daytime mode: > 150 lux;

[0238] Transition mode: 30 - 150 lux;

[0239] Nighttime mode: < 30 lux;

[0240] Detection sampling frequency: once every 5 seconds;

[0241] Hysteresis switching: It is necessary to confirm 3 consecutive samplings to trigger mode switching to avoid frequent fluctuations;

[0242] 2. Pupil diameter parameter:

[0243] Daytime mode working range: 2.0 - 4.0 mm;

[0244] Nighttime mode working range: 4.0 - 8.0 mm;

[0245] Measurement accuracy: ±0.1 mm;

[0246] Sampling frequency: 10 Hz;

[0247] 3. Fixation distance threshold:

[0248] Short distance: < 50 cm, triggering the near - focus mode;

[0249] Medium distance: 50 - 200 cm, triggering the medium - focus mode;

[0250] Long distance: > 200 cm, triggering the far - focus mode

[0251] Detection delay: < 100 ms;

[0252] 4. Mode switching strategy:

[0253] Gradient process: The mode switching time is 200 - 300 ms;

[0254] Smooth transition: Adopt the exponential weighted algorithm to avoid sudden changes;

[0255] Anti - jitter: Parameter fluctuations shorter than 500 ms do not trigger mode switching;

[0256] Priority: Visual distance change > light change > pupil change;

[0257] In the myopia mode, the system will preferentially activate the near - focus area while appropriately suppressing the far - focus area to provide clear near - distance vision. Preferably, the diopter of the near - focus is set between - 3.0D and - 3.5D, and this range can cover most near - distance vision tasks, such as reading and using mobile phones, etc.

[0258] In the medium mode, it balances the activation of each focus area and is suitable for daily comprehensive visual needs. In this mode, the system will dynamically adjust the weights of each focus area to provide a clear visual experience throughout the process. Preferably, the diopter of the mid - focus is set between - 1.5D and - 2.0D, and this range is suitable for medium - distance vision tasks, such as computer operation and indoor activities, etc.

[0259] In the hyperopia mode, it mainly activates the far - focus area and is suitable for scenarios that require clear far - vision, such as driving and viewing scenery, etc. In this mode, the diopter of the far - focus is usually set to 0D to provide clear vision at infinity.

[0260] The switching between the day and night modes is mainly based on the changes in ambient light intensity and pupil diameter. In the day mode, the system will appropriately reduce the effective diameter of the optical area to reduce glare and improve contrast. Preferably, the effective diameter of the optical area in the day mode is controlled between 3mm and 4mm. While in the night mode, the system will expand the effective diameter of the optical area to increase the light input. Preferably, the effective diameter of the optical area in the night mode can be expanded to 5mm to 6mm.

[0261] The present invention also provides a multi - focus intraocular lens dynamic tuning method for complex eye diseases based on the above - mentioned system. This method organically combines the hardware system with intelligent algorithms to achieve fully automatic and intelligent tuning of the intraocular lens.

[0262] This method first collects the eye movement parameters and pupil diameter data in real - time through the eye movement monitoring unit 8. The collection frequency is usually set between 100Hz and 200Hz, and this frequency range can capture most rapid eye movements without generating excessive redundant data. The collected data includes but is not limited to the eye rotation angle, angular velocity, acceleration, and pupil diameter, etc.

[0263] Next, the system inputs the collected data into a pre - trained artificial neural network model to generate preliminary tuning parameters. This neural network model adopts deep reinforcement learning technology and can continuously optimize the decision - making strategy according to the historical tuning effect. The design of the reward function of the model takes into account multiple factors such as visual clarity, tuning speed, and energy consumption, and can be expressed as:

[0264] R = w1C + w2S - w3E,

[0265] (C) represents visual clarity, (S) represents tuning speed, (E) represents energy consumption, and (w1), (w2), and (w3) are weight coefficients.

[0266] Based on the preliminary tuning parameters, the dynamic tuning control unit 1 generates precise tuning control instructions in conjunction with the current system state. This process utilizes a fuzzy logic control algorithm, capable of handling system uncertainties and nonlinearities. The control rules are designed based on extensive clinical data and expert experience, ensuring the stability and reliability of the tuning process.

[0267] The deep reinforcement learning algorithm training of the present invention is based on the following data and methods:

[0268] 1. Source of training data:

[0269] Basic data: Eye movement data of 10,000 patients with various eye diseases from the European Ophthalmology Research Database (EORD);

[0270] Simulation data: 500,000 simulation scenarios generated based on computational optics models

[0271] Clinical data: from an IRB-approved clinical trial at three tertiary hospitals, including real-time eye movement and accommodation data from 320 volunteers;

[0272] 2. Training methods:

[0273] Phase 1: Pre-training on offline large-scale data (using standard hardware acceleration);

[0274] Phase 2: Model compression and optimization on low-power embedded devices;

[0275] Phase 3: Post-implantation personalization adjustment (only fine-tuning the last layer parameters, data is saved locally)

[0276] 3. Model optimization:

[0277] Network pruning: remove 90% of low-importance connections with accuracy loss of <5%;

[0278] Weight quantization: Using 8-bit fixed-point quantization, the model size is reduced by 75%;

[0279] Sparse activation: only retains the top-10% activation values, reducing the amount of computation by 85%;

[0280] The final model size is only 84KB, with inference latency <15ms and energy consumption <0.8mW on a 2MHz low-power processor.

[0281] Subsequently, the system converts the tuning control instructions into specific adjustments to the electro - controlled zoom crystal unit 4 through the micro - electrode array 5 and the drive circuit unit 6. This process uses precise digital - to - analog conversion technology with a resolution of 16 bits, ensuring high - precision adjustment. At the same time, the system also introduces a feedback control mechanism to correct the control signal by real - time monitoring of crystal deformation, further improving the accuracy of adjustment.

[0282] The realization of the high - density micro - electrode array of the present invention is based on the following technologies:

[0283] 1. Manufacturing process:

[0284] Adopt semiconductor wafer - level processes, including photolithography, thin - film deposition, and micro - machining;

[0285] Use a flexible polyimide (PI) substrate with a thickness of 12 μm to provide the necessary flexibility;

[0286] The electrodes are made of medical - grade platinum - iridium alloy (Pt90 / Ir10) with a thickness of 35 - 50 nm;

[0287] 2. Improvement of biocompatibility:

[0288] The electrode surface is coated with a nanoscale titanium nitride (TiN) layer with a thickness of 15 - 20 nm to enhance biocompatibility;

[0289] The overall package is coated with a graphene derivative coating with a thickness of 5 - 8 nm to inhibit protein adsorption;

[0290] The electrode edges are designed with a circular arc shape, with a curvature radius > 3 μm, to reduce stress concentration;

[0291] 3. Anti - rejection technology:

[0292] Surface functionalization: Combined with an anti - inflammatory factor IL - 10 sustained - release system;

[0293] Local immunosuppression: The electrode surface is modified with phosphatidylserine (PS) to inhibit macrophage activation;

[0294] Surface topography control: The nanoscale roughness is controlled within 5 - 15 nm to reduce immune cell attachment;

[0295] Animal experiments show that after 6 months of implantation of the electrode array treated as above in rabbit eyes, the expression level of the inflammatory marker CD68 is 60% lower than that of the control group, and the thickness of the fibrous capsule is reduced by 45%.

[0296] During the entire tuning process, the data processing and display unit 10 will process and display the tuning effect in real time. This not only provides important reference information for doctors, but also provides basic data for the system's self-learning and optimization. At the same time, the safety control unit 9 will continuously monitor the operating state of the system to ensure the safety of the entire process.

[0297] Finally, the system will dynamically optimize the tuning strategy according to the tuning effect and user feedback. This process uses an online learning algorithm that can continuously adapt to the individual characteristics and usage habits of patients, providing more and more personalized and accurate vision correction solutions.

[0298] By repeatedly executing the above steps, the system of the present invention can achieve real-time dynamic tuning of the multifocal intraocular lens, providing all-weather clear visual experience for patients with complex eye diseases. This method not only improves the effect of vision correction, but also greatly enhances the adaptability and intelligence of the system, representing the future development direction of intraocular lens technology.

[0299] To verify the superiority of the multifocal intraocular lens dynamic tuning system and method of the present invention for complex eye diseases, a series of simulation experiments were conducted in the present invention. The experiments used a highly simulated human eye model to simulate the visual needs of different complex eye disease patients in various daily scenarios.

[0300] The simulation conditions are set as follows:

[0301] 1. Human eye model: The Navarro eye model is adopted, including structures such as the cornea, anterior chamber, lens and retina.

[0302] 2. Types of complex eye diseases: Three common complex eye diseases, presbyopia, astigmatism and high myopia, are simulated.

[0303] 3. Ambient light: Different light conditions from 100 lux to 10,000 lux are simulated.

[0304] 4. Visual tasks: Include distant vision (more than 5 m), medium-distance work (50 cm - 2 m) and near reading (30 cm - 50 cm).

[0305] The verification of the present invention adopts a multi-level evaluation method, which improves the credibility:

[0306] 1. Computer simulation:

[0307] Optical simulation: Use Zemax OpticStudio for optical performance simulation;

[0308] Eye movement model: The Navarro dynamic eye model based on the measured database, including key structures such as the cornea, anterior chamber, lens and retina;

[0309] Material properties: Based on the measured physical parameters of liquid crystal materials, including birefringence, switching time, etc.;

[0310] Calculation accuracy: Adaptive grid refinement is adopted, with the minimum grid size of 2 μm and the calculation accuracy > 99%;

[0311] 2. Theoretical parameter calculation method:

[0312] Visual clarity (MTF): Analyzed using the optical transfer function, with a spatial frequency of 50 line pairs / mm;

[0313] Adjustment speed: Based on the measured reorientation time of liquid crystal molecules + driving circuit delay;

[0314] Energy consumption: Based on circuit SPICE simulation + measured device parameters;

[0315] 3. Subjective parameter evaluation method:

[0316] Visual comfort: Based on the 10-point scoring of 20 subjects for the simulated system;

[0317] Adaptability score: Tested under 5 typical scenarios, including indoor reading, driving, computer work, etc.;

[0318] Double-blind control: The subjects are unaware of the type of test crystal;

[0319] Standardized questionnaire: Evaluated using the Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ-25);

[0320] 4. Physical prototype verification:

[0321] Scaled prototype: A 2x-sized working prototype is made to verify the optical performance;

[0322] In vitro test: The actual response time and optical performance are tested in an artificial anterior chamber;

[0323] Biocompatibility: The in vitro cytotoxicity test result is negative (ISO 10993-5);

[0324] 5. Animal experiment data:

[0325] Rabbit eye implantation experiment: 12 New Zealand white rabbits, with a follow-up period of 6 months;

[0326] Monitoring indicators: Inflammatory response, capsule formation, optical performance stability;

[0327] Histological evaluation: HE staining shows a mild inflammatory response, lower than the medical standard threshold;

[0328] One embodiment and two comparative examples are set in the present invention:

[0329] Example 1: The multi - focal intraocular lens dynamic tuning system of the present invention is adopted.

[0330] Comparative Example 1: A traditional static multi - focal intraocular lens is adopted.

[0331] Comparative Example 2: A single - focal adjustable intraocular lens is adopted.

[0332] The main test indicators include:

[0333] 1. Visual clarity: Evaluated by the modulation transfer function (MTF), unitless, range 0 - 1.

[0334] 2. Adjustment speed: The time required to switch from one focal point to another, unit in milliseconds (ms).

[0335] 3. Visual comfort: Comprehensively evaluated based on subjective scores and objective physiological indicators, range 1 - 10 points.

[0336] 4. Energy consumption: The average power consumption of the system under normal working conditions, unit in milliwatts (mW).

[0337] 5. Adaptability: The adaptability of the system to different environments and visual tasks, range 1 - 10 points.

[0338] The test results are shown in the following table:

[0339] Index Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Visual clarity 0.85 0.7 0.75 Adjustment speed (ms) 50 - 200 Visual comfort 9 6 7 Energy consumption (mW) 3.5 0 5 Adaptability 9 5 7

[0340] It can be seen from the test results that Example 1 of the present invention shows obvious advantages in all indicators.

[0341] In terms of visual clarity, Example 1 reaches a high level of 0.85, which is 21.4% and 13.3% higher than that of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 respectively. This is mainly due to the high - precision micro - electrode array and adaptive electric - field regulation algorithm adopted in the present invention, which can more precisely control the orientation of liquid - crystal molecules, thus achieving higher optical performance.

[0342] The adjustment speed is a major highlight of the present invention. Example 1 only needs 50 ms to complete the focal - length switching, much faster than 200 ms of Comparative Example 2, while the traditional static multi - focal lens (Comparative Example 1) has no adjustment ability at all. This fast adjustment ability makes the patient hardly feel any delay when switching between different viewing distances, greatly improving the visual experience.

[0343] In terms of visual comfort, Example 1 scores as high as 9 points, significantly better than 6 points of Comparative Example 1 and 7 points of Comparative Example 2. This is because the system of the present invention can adjust the focal - length distribution in real - time according to the ambient light and visual tasks, reducing glare and visual fatigue.

[0344] Although the energy consumption of Example 1 is 3.5 mW more than that of the static lens (Comparative Example 1), this power consumption level is still very low and can be sustained in the long term by wireless charging technology. Moreover, compared with Comparative Example 2, the energy consumption of Example 1 is reduced by 30%, which benefits from the intelligent power management algorithm adopted in the present invention.

[0345] In terms of adaptability, the score of Example 1 (9 points) far exceeds that of Comparative Example 1 (5 points) and Comparative Example 2 (7 points). This fully reflects the intelligent characteristics of the system of the present invention, which can automatically switch to the best working mode according to different scenarios and provide patients with high-quality visual experience all day long.

[0346] In summary, the multi-focus intraocular lens dynamic tuning system of the present invention shows obvious advantages in terms of visual quality, accommodation performance and intelligence level. This advantage stems from the innovative integration of the present invention in multiple fields such as materials science, microelectronics technology and artificial intelligence algorithms. In particular, the real-time dynamic tuning ability of the system not only improves visual clarity, but also greatly enhances the use comfort and adaptability, and is expected to bring a revolutionary vision correction solution for patients with complex eye diseases.

[0347] It should be noted that although the present invention performs well in simulation tests, there may still be some challenges in actual clinical applications, such as biocompatibility for long-term implantation and stability in complex environments. These problems need to be solved through further research and clinical trials. Nevertheless, the present invention points out the direction for the development of intelligent intraocular lenses and has important theoretical significance and application prospects.

[0348] It should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi - focus intraocular lens dynamic tuning system for complex eye diseases, characterized in that , including: A dynamic tuning control unit, configured to: Receive eye parameter data; Generate a tuning control instruction based on the eye parameter data; A microelectrode array, electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit, configured to: Receive the tuning control instruction sent by the dynamic tuning control unit; Adjust the shape and thickness of the electro-control zoom crystal unit based on the tuning control instruction; A drive circuit unit, electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit, configured to: Receive the drive signal sent by the dynamic tuning control unit; Drive the electro-control zoom crystal unit based on the drive signal; An electro-control zoom crystal unit, electrically connected to the microelectrode array and the drive circuit unit, configured to: Change its own shape and thickness according to the adjustment of the microelectrode array and the drive of the drive circuit unit to achieve dynamic focusing; A wireless power supply and monitoring unit, electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit, configured to: Provide wireless electric energy for the system; Monitor the working status of each unit of the system; An eye movement monitoring unit, electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit, configured to: Real-time monitor eye movement parameters; Transmit the eye movement parameters to the dynamic tuning control unit; A safety control unit, electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit, configured to: Monitor the voltage, current, and power of the system; Trigger a protection mechanism when an abnormality is detected; A data processing and display unit, electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit, configured to: Process various types of data collected by the system; Display the system operation status and tuning effect.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein , the dynamic tuning control unit includes: A power management module, configured to supply power to each unit of the system; An analog control module, including: A voltage regulation module, configured to regulate the working voltage of each unit of the system; A digital signal processing module, configured to process digitized eye parameter and system status data; A digital-to-analog conversion module, configured to convert digital signals into analog signals; A drive circuit control module, configured to generate a control signal for driving the electro-control zoom crystal unit; Wherein, the analog control module is electrically connected to the drive circuit control module for transmitting the converted analog signal to the drive circuit control module.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein , the eye movement monitoring unit includes: A measurement circuit unit, configured to collect eye rotation change data; An analog filtering unit, electrically connected to the measurement circuit unit, configured to perform filtering processing on the eye rotation change data; A digital-to-analog conversion unit, electrically connected to the analog filtering unit, configured to convert the filtered analog signal into a digital signal; A digital signal processing unit, electrically connected to the digital-to-analog conversion unit, configured to process the converted digital signal; An eye movement parameter measurement module, electrically connected to the digital signal processing unit, configured to calculate eye movement parameters based on the processed digital signal.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein , the safety control unit includes: An overvoltage control module, configured to monitor the system voltage and trigger protection when it exceeds a preset threshold; An overcurrent control module, configured to monitor the system current and trigger protection when it exceeds a preset threshold; An overpower control module, configured to monitor the system power and trigger protection when it exceeds a preset threshold; Among them, the overvoltage control module, overcurrent control module, and over - power control module are all electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit, and are used to send alarm signals to the dynamic tuning control unit when triggering protection.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein , the electro - controlled zoom crystal unit includes: An upper substrate, having a curved surface structure, is connected to the ring - shaped electrode; A lower substrate, having a curved surface structure, is connected to the driving cell; A plurality of driving cells, arranged between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, containing liquid crystals; Insulating plates, arranged between opposite driving cells; Insulating rings, arranged between the driving cells; Among them, the curved surface structures of the upper substrate and the lower substrate are designed according to the contour curvature of the eyeball.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein , the wireless power supply and monitoring unit includes: A wireless power generation module, used to generate an electromagnetic field; A data transceiver module, used to communicate with external devices; A power distribution module, used to manage the power distribution of each unit of the system; An energy collection module, used to collect and store electrical energy; Among them, the wireless power generation module is electrically connected to the energy collection module to provide electrical energy for the energy collection module; the power distribution module is electrically connected to each unit of the system and is used to dynamically adjust the power distribution according to the working states of each unit.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein , further includes an artificial neural network module, which is electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit and is used for: Receiving the eyeball parameters collected by the eyeball movement monitoring unit; Processing the eyeball parameters based on a pre - trained neural network model; Outputting the predicted optimal tuning parameters; Among them, the artificial neural network module includes an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. The hidden layer adopts a long - short - term memory recurrent network structure and is used to process the temporal characteristics of eyeball movement.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein , the electro - controlled zoom crystal unit adopts an electro - controlled liquid crystal design and includes: A multi - focus optical region, having a dual - focus, triple - focus, or multi - focus structure; A micro - electrode array control module, used to control the electric field distribution in the multi - focus optical region; Among them, the refractive index distribution in the multi - focus optical region is dynamically adjusted according to the electric field strength to achieve the switching of different focal lengths.

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein , further includes a working mode switching module, which is electrically connected to the dynamic tuning control unit and is used for: Switching between myopia, moderate, and hyperopia working modes according to the ambient light intensity and user requirements; Automatically switching between day and night modes, where: In the day mode, the pupil diameter is adjusted to be smaller to improve the line - of - sight focusing degree; In the night mode, the pupil diameter is adjusted to be larger to increase the amount of light entering; Among them, the working mode switching module adaptively adjusts the switching strategy according to the data provided by the eyeball movement monitoring unit.

10. A method for dynamic tuning of a multifocal intraocular lens for complex eye diseases based on the system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that , includes the following steps: S1. Real - time collect eyeball movement parameters and pupil diameter data through the eyeball movement monitoring unit; S2. Input the eyeball movement parameters and pupil diameter data into a pre - trained artificial neural network model to generate preliminary tuning parameters; S3. The dynamic tuning control unit generates accurate tuning control instructions based on the preliminary tuning parameters and in combination with the current system state; S4. Through the micro - electrode array and the driving circuit unit, convert the tuning control instructions into specific adjustments to the electro - controlled zoom crystal unit; S5. The electro-controlled zoom crystal unit dynamically changes its own shape and thickness according to the received adjustment signal to achieve multi-focus switching; S6. The data processing and display unit processes and displays the tuning effect in real time; S7. The safety control unit continuously monitors the operating state of the system to ensure system safety; S8. Dynamically optimize the tuning strategy according to the tuning effect and user feedback to achieve continuous improvement; Among them, steps S1 to S8 are executed in a loop to achieve real-time dynamic tuning of the multifocal intraocular lens.

Images