Neon and helium rare gas separation refiner and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of neon and helium gas separation, in particular to a neon and helium rare gas separation refiner and a method thereof. Comprising a tower body and a base at the bottom of the tower body, the internal space of the tower body is divided into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity from top to bottom; an air outlet pipe is arranged at the upper position of the upper cavity in a communicating manner; a liquid inlet pipe is arranged at the lateral position of the upper cavity in a communicating manner; a liquid outlet pipe is arranged at the lateral position of the lower cavity in a communicating manner; a central rod is vertically arranged in the center of the tower body; a spiral plate sleeves the outer wall of the central rod and is positioned in the middle cavity; the outer edge of the spiral plate is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the tower body; the mixed liquid rolls along the upper surface of the spiral plate from top to bottom and makes contact with helium flowing from bottom to top, compared with existing mixed liquid advection and helium contact, the contact area of the mixed liquid and the helium is increased, and therefore the heat transfer effect of the helium and the mixed liquid is improved, and the neon and helium separation efficiency of the mixed liquid is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of neon-helium gas separation, and specifically to a neon-helium rare gas separation and purification machine and its method. Background Art

[0002] In industrial production and scientific research activities, helium-neon rare gases play extremely important roles. The physical properties of helium and neon enable them to play key roles in numerous fields. However, they often exist in mixtures with other gases. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to separate and purify them to obtain high-purity helium-neon gases.

[0003] First of all, the mixed gas containing helium-neon gas needs to undergo a series of treatment processes. The compression process can increase the gas pressure, which not only makes the subsequent treatment easier but also provides power for the gas to flow in the distillation column, facilitating the transportation and mass transfer of the gas in the column. The cooling process utilizes the boiling point differences of different gases to liquefy some gases, initially achieving gas-liquid separation, which lays a good foundation for the subsequent distillation process. The mixed liquid after compression and cooling enters the column from the middle of the distillation column.

[0004] Generally, there are trays inside the distillation column, and the common ones are horizontally placed. When the mixed liquid enters the tray, it flows downward under the action of gravity. At the same time, due to the low boiling point of helium, it first turns into gas under the heating of the distillation column and moves upward due to density differences. Making the upward-moving helium contact the downward-moving mixed liquid is the key to the distillation process. Because during this contact process, mass transfer and heat transfer phenomena will occur. The helium in the mixed liquid continuously transfers to the gas phase under the drive of temperature and concentration differences, while the impurities with higher boiling points and other unvaporized components remain in the liquid phase and flow downward with the liquid, thus gradually achieving the separation of helium from other components and further achieving the purpose of purifying helium.

[0005] However, this horizontal tray structure has certain defects. The liquid is almost in a laminar flow state on the tray, the gas-liquid contact area is limited, resulting in low contact efficiency, which in turn affects the separation effect of helium-neon gases and leads to the overall distillation efficiency needing to be improved. Therefore, improving the internal structure of the distillation column to enhance the separation efficiency of helium-neon gases has become an important research direction at present. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a neon-helium rare gas separation and purification machine and its method. By making the mixed liquid roll down from top to bottom along the upper surface of the spiral plate and contact the helium flowing from bottom to top, compared with the existing laminar flow of the mixed liquid contacting the helium, the contact area between the mixed liquid and the helium is increased, thereby improving the heat transfer effect between the helium and the mixed liquid and enhancing the neon-helium separation efficiency of the mixed liquid.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: A neon-helium rare gas separation and refining machine described in the present invention includes a tower body and a base at the bottom of the tower body; the internal space of the tower body is divided into an upper cavity, a middle cavity, and a lower cavity from top to bottom; an air outlet pipe is connected and arranged at a position near the top of the upper cavity; a liquid inlet pipe is connected and arranged at a lateral position of the upper cavity; a liquid outlet pipe is connected and arranged at a lateral position of the lower cavity; a central rod is vertically arranged in the center of the tower body; a spiral plate is sleeved on the outer wall of the central rod and inside the middle cavity; the outer edge of the spiral plate is in sealed contact with the inner wall of the tower body; the number of spiral turns of the spiral plate is multiple; air-permeable holes are vertically arranged through the spiral plate; a first heating plate is arranged in the lower cavity; an air pump is arranged in the upper cavity; a one-way plate inclined downward is hinged to the lower surface of the spiral plate.

[0008] Preferably, the central rod is composed of an upper rod at a position near the top and a lower rod at a position near the bottom; the upper rod is fixedly connected to a position near the top inside the tower body, and the upper end of the lower rod is rotatably connected to the lower end of the upper rod; a spiral adjustment groove is arranged on the outer wall of the lower rod; an adjustment block is movably and hermetically connected in the adjustment groove; the adjustment block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the spiral plate; the spiral plate has elasticity; a motor is embedded in the center of the base; the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower rod.

[0009] Preferably, a movable block is movably and hermetically connected in the adjustment groove; a movable groove is arranged on the outer side of the movable block; the movable groove is stuck on the inner edge of the spiral plate; the inner edge of the spiral plate is in contact and sealed with the outer wall of the central rod, and the inner edge of the spiral plate is movably and hermetically connected with the movable groove.

[0010] Preferably, a second heating wire is embedded in the spiral plate; the second heating wire can heat the spiral plate when electrified; the mixed liquid is heated by rolling during the process of flowing down along the spiral plate from top to bottom.

[0011] Preferably, partition plates are arranged on the upper surface of the spiral plate; the number of the partition plates is multiple; the multiple partition plates are sequentially away from the central rod; the partition plates are spiral; the partition plates are perpendicular to the upper surface of the spiral plate; notches corresponding to the partition plates are arranged on the one-way plate.

[0012] Preferably, the partition plates are made of a heat-conducting material and have elasticity; a plurality of spiral avoidance grooves are arranged on the lower surface of the spiral plate; the arrangement positions of the avoidance grooves correspond to the positions of the partition plates and are for the partition plates to avoid; the avoidance grooves extend upward into the corresponding partition plates.

[0013] Preferably, a cross bar is fixedly connected to the lower port of the air-permeable hole; a hole cover covers the upper port of the air-permeable hole; a vertical seat is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the hole cover; a vertical groove is arranged on the lower surface of the vertical seat; a vertical rod is movably connected in the vertical groove; one end of the vertical rod near the top is connected to the bottom of the vertical groove through an elastic cord; the lower end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected to the cross bar.

[0014] Preferably, an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the vertical rod; an internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the vertical groove; the outer wall of the vertical rod is in threaded driving connection with the inner wall of the vertical groove; and flow dividing plates are uniformly fixed on the outer wall of the vertical seat.

[0015] A method for separating and refining neon-helium rare gases, which is applicable to the above-mentioned neon-helium rare gas separation and refining machine, and the steps of the method are as follows:

[0016] S1: The neon-helium gas forms a mixed liquid after being compressed and cooled. The mixed liquid will enter the inside of the tower along the liquid inlet pipe and fall on the spiral plate. The second heating wire will heat the spiral plate, and the mixed liquid will flow downward along the upper surface of the spiral plate;

[0017] S2: The mixed liquid pushes the one-way plate along the upper surface of the spiral plate and flows into the bottom of the tower to contact the first heating plate. The liquid helium in the mixed liquid at the bottom of the tower is vaporized by heat and flows upward. The helium gas passes through the air holes from top to bottom and contacts the mixed liquid flowing on the upper surface of the spiral plate for heat conduction;

[0018] S3: The second heating wire transfers heat to the spiral plate, and the mixed liquid on the upper surface of the spiral plate is heated during the downward flow; the liquid helium in the mixed liquid on the upper surface of the spiral plate will be vaporized;

[0019] S4: The helium gas will pass through the air holes on the spiral plate with the suction of the air pump and finally flow out along the air outlet pipe, and the liquid at the bottom of the tower will flow out along the liquid outlet pipe.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. In the present invention, the mixed liquid rolls downward along the upper surface of the spiral plate and contacts the helium gas flowing upward. Compared with the existing contact between the mixed liquid in a horizontal flow and the helium gas, the contact area between the mixed liquid and the helium gas is increased, thereby improving the heat transfer effect between the helium gas and the mixed liquid and making the neon-helium separation efficiency of the mixed liquid. [[ID=2s]]

[0022] 2. During the upward movement of the adjusting block in the present invention, the lower end of the spiral plate will be driven to move upward. The upper end of the spiral plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper rod. Therefore, when the adjusting block moves upward, the spiral pitch formed by the spiral plate will collectively become smaller, and the inclination slope of the upper surface of the spiral plate will become gentler. During the downward movement of the adjusting block, the lower end of the spiral plate will be driven to move downward, so that the spiral gaps formed by the spiral plate will collectively increase, and the inclination slope of the upper surface of the spiral plate will become steeper. Thus, by changing the slope of the spiral plate, the flow rate of the mixed liquid flowing on the upper surface of the spiral plate can be adjusted to meet different usage requirements and improve the usage range of the refining machine.

[0023] 3. In the process of the mixed liquid entering the interior of the tower body along the liquid inlet pipe, the mixed liquid will fall onto the upper surface of the spiral plate. The mixed liquid flows along the upper surface of the spiral plate and rolls downwards from top to bottom on the upper surface of the spiral plate. The spiral plate itself is heated by the second heating wire, and the mixed liquid on the upper surface of the spiral plate is heated in a spread state, so as to improve the heating rate of the mixed liquid, thus enabling the helium gas and liquid neon in the mixed liquid to be quickly separated.

[0024] 4. The mixed liquid at each position on the upper surface of the spiral plate of the present invention will be restricted to the corresponding position by the corresponding partition plate, so that the mixed liquid can flow downwards from top to bottom while keeping the distance from the central rod as constant as possible. In this way, the spread state of the mixed liquid on the spiral plate is ensured to guarantee the heat transfer efficiency of the mixed liquid on the spiral plate and the separation and refining efficiency. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged view of part A in

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing of the air permeation holes in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the spiral plate and the partition plate of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the central rod in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0033] In the figures: tower body 1, upper cavity 11, middle cavity 12, lower cavity 13, air outlet pipe 14, liquid inlet pipe 15, liquid outlet pipe 16, first heating plate 17, air pump 18, base 2, motor 21, central rod 3, upper rod 31, lower rod 32, adjustment groove 33, adjustment block 34, spiral plate 4, air permeation hole 41, one-way plate 42, second heating wire 43, avoidance groove 44, movable block 5, movable groove 51, partition plate 6, cross bar 7, hole cover 8, vertical seat 81, vertical groove 82, vertical rod 83, elastic cord 84, flow dividing plate 85. Detailed Embodiments

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects realized by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0035] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, the present invention includes the following embodiments:

[0036] Embodiment 1: A neon-helium rare gas separation and purification machine, including a tower body 1 and a base 2 at the bottom of the tower body 1; the internal space of the tower body 1 is divided into an upper cavity 11, a middle cavity 12 and a lower cavity 13 from top to bottom; an air outlet pipe 14 is connected and arranged at a position close to the upper part of the upper cavity 11; a liquid inlet pipe 15 is connected and arranged at a lateral position of the upper cavity 11; a liquid outlet pipe 16 is connected and arranged at a lateral position of the lower cavity 13; a central rod 3 is vertically arranged at the center of the tower body 1; a spiral plate 4 is sleeved on the outer wall of the central rod 3 and inside the middle cavity 12; the outer edge of the spiral plate 4 is in sealed contact with the inner wall of the tower body 1; the number of spiral turns of the spiral plate 4 is multiple; air-permeable holes 41 are arranged through the spiral plate 4 up and down; a first heating plate 17 is arranged in the lower cavity 13; an air pump 18 is arranged in the upper cavity 11; a one-way plate 42 inclined downward is hinged to the lower surface of the spiral plate 4.

[0037] Neon and helium rare gases form a mixed liquid after compression and cooling. The mixed liquid is introduced along the liquid inlet pipe 15 below the air pump 18 in the upper cavity 11. Under the action of gravity, the mixed liquid will enter the middle cavity 12 from the upper cavity 11 and fall on the upper surface of the spiral plate 4. The number of spiral turns of the spiral plate 4 is multiple. The mixed liquid will flow spirally along the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 under its own gravity. The spacing position of the spiral plate 4 forms a spiral flow channel. The mixed liquid will push open the one-way plate 42 hinged in the spiral flow channel and continue to move downward. The opening angle of the one-way plate 42 opens with the push of the mixed liquid. In the case of less mixed liquid, the opening angle of the one-way plate 42 is smaller. In this way, the gap opened by the one-way plate 42 only allows the flow of the mixed liquid. After the mixed liquid flows into the lower cavity 13 from the spiral gap, the first heating plate 17 in the lower cavity 13 will heat the mixed liquid in the lower cavity 13. The boiling point of helium in the mixed liquid is lower than that of neon. Therefore, the liquid helium is vaporized into gaseous helium after heating. The helium gas moves upward through the ventilation holes 41. During the upward flow of the helium gas through the ventilation holes 41, it will contact the mixed liquid in the spiral flow channel, so that the heat on the helium gas is transferred to the mixed liquid in the spiral channel, and the mixed liquid is heated during the downward flow in the spiral flow channel. The liquid helium in the mixed liquid in the spiral flow channel is continuously converted into gas. The other components of the mixed liquid and the liquid neon finally converge into the lower cavity 13 due to their higher boiling points and finally flow out along the liquid outlet pipe 16. In order to increase the pressure of the helium gas moving upward through the ventilation holes 41, an air pump 18 can be arranged in the upper cavity 11, so that the upward movement speed of the helium gas can be adjusted and the speed of the helium gas passing through the spiral flow channel can be controlled. Since the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 is inclined spirally, the mixed liquid will roll continuously during the flow along the upper surface of the spiral plate 4, so as to increase the contact area with the helium gas and improve the heat conduction effect. On the one hand, the residual heat of the helium gas is utilized, and on the other hand, the separation efficiency of helium gas and neon gas is improved. The helium gas finally moves upward through the air pump 18 and flows out along the air outlet pipe 14. The new mixed liquid continuously flows into the tower body 1 along the liquid inlet pipe 15. In this way, the separation of neon and helium gases is realized repeatedly. An elastic sealing strip (not shown in the figure) can be arranged at the edge of the one-way plate 42 in this embodiment to improve the sealing effect;

[0038] In the present invention, the mixed liquid rolls downward along the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 and contacts the helium gas flowing upward. Compared with the existing contact between the mixed liquid in laminar flow and the helium gas, the contact area between the mixed liquid and the helium gas is increased, so as to improve the heat transfer effect between the helium gas and the mixed liquid and the neon-helium separation efficiency of the mixed liquid.

[0039] Embodiment 2: The central rod 3 is composed of an upper rod 31 at the upper position and a lower rod 32 at the lower position; the upper rod 31 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the tower body 1 at the upper position, and the upper end of the lower rod 32 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the upper rod 31; a spiral adjusting groove 33 is arranged on the outer wall of the lower rod 32; an adjusting block 34 is movably and sealingly connected in the adjusting groove 33; the adjusting block 34 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the spiral plate 4; the spiral plate 4 has elasticity; a motor 21 is embedded in the center of the base 2; the output shaft of the motor 21 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower rod 32.

[0040] In this embodiment, a movable block 5 is movably and sealingly connected in the adjusting groove 33; a movable groove 51 is arranged on the outer side of the movable block 5; the movable groove 51 is stuck on the inner edge of the spiral plate 4; the inner edge of the spiral plate 4 is in contact and sealed with the outer wall of the central rod 3, and the inner edge of the spiral plate 4 is movably and sealingly connected with the movable groove 51.

[0041] The flow rate of the mixed liquid flowing from top to bottom along the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 is related to the inclination angle of the upper surface of the spiral plate 4. Different concentrations and types of mixed liquids require different flow rate requirements. When it is necessary to change the inclination angle of the upper surface of the spiral plate 4, the motor 21 is controlled to rotate. During the rotation of the motor 21, the lower rod 32 will be driven to rotate. During the rotation of the lower rod 32, the spiral adjusting groove 33 will be driven to rotate. During the rotation of the adjusting groove 33 along with the lower rod 32, it will move relative to the adjusting block 34. The adjusting block 34 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the spiral plate 4. Therefore, the rotation of the adjusting groove 33 along with the lower rod 32 will only cause the adjusting block 34 to move up or down. During the upward movement of the adjusting block 34, the lower end of the spiral plate 4 will be driven to move up. The upper end of the spiral plate 4 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper rod 31. Therefore, the upward movement of the adjusting block 34 will cause the spiral pitch formed by the spiral plate 4 to collectively become smaller, and the inclination slope of the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 to become gentler. During the downward movement of the adjusting block 34, the lower end of the spiral plate 4 will be driven to move down, causing the spiral gap formed by the spiral plate 4 to collectively increase, and the inclination slope of the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 to become steeper. Thus, by changing the slope of the spiral plate 4, the flow rate of the mixed liquid flowing on the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 can be adjusted to meet different usage requirements and improve the usage range of the refining machine;

[0042] In the case where the spiral pitch of the spiral plate 4 changes, the positions of the spiral plate 4 and the adjustment groove 33 change. To ensure the contact sealing effect between the spiral plate 4 and the outer wall of the central rod 3, a movable block 5 is movably and sealingly connected in the adjustment groove 33. The movable groove 51 on the outer side of the movable block 5 is movably and sealingly connected to the inner edge of the spiral plate 4. In this way, when the lower end of the spiral plate 4 moves up or down, the movable block 5 will move with the inner edge of the spiral plate 4 and the adjustment groove 33, so as to change with the change of the pitch of the spiral plate 4, ensuring the sealing effect between the inner edge of the spiral plate 4 and the outer wall of the central rod 3, so that the liquid can only flow along the spiral gap, and the gas can only pass through the ventilation holes 41 from bottom to top.

[0043] Embodiment 3: A second heating wire 43 is embedded in the spiral plate 4; when the second heating wire 43 is energized, the spiral plate 4 can be heated; the mixed liquid is heated by rolling during the process of flowing down along the spiral plate 4.

[0044] During the process of the mixed liquid entering the tower body 1 along the liquid inlet pipe 15, the mixed liquid will fall onto the upper surface of the spiral plate 4. The mixed liquid flows along the upper surface of the spiral plate 4, and the mixed liquid will roll down from top to bottom on the upper surface of the spiral plate 4. The spiral plate 4 itself is heated by the second heating wire 43, and the mixed liquid on the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 is heated in a spread state, so that the heating rate of the mixed liquid is increased. In this way, the helium gas and liquid neon in the mixed liquid are quickly separated. The heating temperature of the spiral plate 4 is set according to requirements and will not exceed the boiling point of liquid neon. In this way, the separation and refining process is completed during the process of the mixed liquid flowing down from top to bottom. The helium gas vaporized on the spiral plate 4 will pass through the ventilation holes 41 from bottom to top to heat the mixed liquid for the second time, so that the heating effect of the mixed liquid is improved, and the liquid helium can be quickly heated and vaporized; because the mixed liquid is heated during the rolling process on the spiral plate 4, the heating is more uniform, so that the separation of helium gas in the mixed liquid is more complete.

[0045] Embodiment 4: A partition plate 6 is arranged on the upper surface of the spiral plate 4; the number of the partition plates 6 is multiple; the multiple partition plates 6 are sequentially away from the central rod 3; the partition plates 6 are spiral; the partition plates 6 are perpendicular to the upper surface of the spiral plate 4; a notch (not shown in the figure) corresponding to the partition plate 6 is arranged on the one-way plate 42.

[0046] In this embodiment, the partition plate 6 is made of a heat-conducting material and has elasticity; a plurality of spiral avoidance grooves 44 are arranged on the lower surface of the spiral plate 4; the positions of the avoidance grooves 44 are corresponding to the positions of the partition plates 6 and are used for the partition plates 6 to avoid; the avoidance grooves 44 extend upward into the corresponding partition plates 6; the width of the partition plates 6 increases from top to bottom.

[0047] The mixed liquid entering the interior of the tower body 1 from the liquid inlet pipe 15 will fall onto the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 under the action of gravity. The mixed liquid will flow downward along the upper surface of the spiral plate 4. During the downward flow of the mixed liquid, centrifugal force will be generated by rotating around the central rod 3, causing the mixed liquid to move away from the central rod 3 while maintaining the downward flow. To avoid this situation and ensure the spreading effect of the mixed liquid on the upper surface of the spiral plate 4, a plurality of spiral partition plates 6 are arranged on the upper surface of the spiral plate 4. The plurality of partition plates 6 are successively away from the central rod 3. Therefore, the plurality of partition plates 6 can block the mixed liquid on the upper surface of the spiral plate 4. The mixed liquid at each position on the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 will be restricted to the corresponding position by the corresponding partition plate 6, so that the mixed liquid can flow downward as much as possible while keeping the distance from the central rod 3 unchanged, thus ensuring the spreading state of the mixed liquid on the spiral plate 4 to ensure the heat transfer efficiency of the mixed liquid on the spiral plate 4 and the separation and refining efficiency; in addition, the partition plate 6 is made of a heat-conducting material, so that the second heating wire 43 in the spiral plate 4 transfers heat to the spiral plate 4 and the partition plate 6, further increasing the heating area of the mixed liquid on the spiral plate 4. In addition, during the process of the spiral reduction of the spiral plate 4, the partition plate 6 on the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 can enter the corresponding avoidance groove 44 on the lower surface of the spiral plate 4 for avoidance to meet the requirement of the pitch change of the spiral plate 4; in this embodiment, the partition plate 6 is elastic, and the side close to the central rod 3 is recessed into an arc shape, that is, the upper edge of the partition plate 6 bends towards the central rod 3. In this way, during the process of the mixed liquid flowing along the upper surface of the spiral plate 4, under the interception and guidance of the curved partition plate 6, it is similar to surfing, causing the mixed liquid to continuously roll and fall on the helium gas ejected from the air holes 41, improving the contact effect between the helium gas and the mixed liquid; the curved partition plate 6 can also enter the avoidance groove 44 for avoidance.

[0048] Embodiment 5: The lower port of the air hole 41 is fixedly connected to a cross bar 7; the upper port of the air hole 41 is covered with a hole cover 8; the lower surface of the hole cover 8 is fixedly connected to a vertical seat 81; a vertical groove 82 is arranged on the lower surface of the vertical seat 81; a vertical rod 83 is movably connected in the vertical groove 82; one end of the vertical rod 83 near the upper end is connected to the bottom of the vertical groove 82 through an elastic cord 84; the lower end of the vertical rod 83 is fixedly connected to the cross bar 7.

[0049] In this embodiment, an external thread is arranged on the outer wall of the vertical rod 83; an internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the vertical groove 82; the outer wall of the vertical rod 83 is in threaded transmission connection with the inner wall of the vertical groove 82; a plurality of flow dividing plates 85 are uniformly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical seat 81.

[0050] After the liquid helium in the spiral gap or the lower chamber 13 vaporizes, the helium gas will enter the ventilation holes 41 under its own air pressure or the suction of the air pump 18, thereby pushing the lid 8 at the upper port of the ventilation hole 41 to move upward. The upper end face of the lid 8 is conical (not shown in the figure), making it easier for the lid 8 to move upward. When the lid 8 moves upward, the upper port of the ventilation hole 41 will be exposed and opened. During the process of the lid 8 being pressed upward, it will drive the vertical seat 81 to move upward. During the upward movement of the vertical seat 81, it will overcome the tension of the elastic cord 84. During the upward movement of the vertical seat 81, it will generate a spiral drive with the vertical rod 83. In this way, the vertical seat 81 will rotate during the upward movement. During the upward rotation of the vertical seat 81, it will drive multiple flow dividing plates 85 to rotate. The rotation of the flow dividing plates 85 will push the liquid around the upper port of the ventilation hole 41 away, enabling the helium gas to pass through the ventilation hole 41 from bottom to top more easily. The helium gas flowing out from the upper port of the ventilation hole 41 is fully mixed with the surrounding mixed liquid under the agitation of the flow dividing plates 85, improving the contact effect between the mixed liquid and the helium gas and enhancing the heat conduction efficiency between the mixed liquid and the helium gas. When the amount of helium gas generated is small, the elastic cord 84 will pull the vertical seat 81 downward. During the downward movement of the vertical seat 81, it will generate a spiral drive with the vertical rod 83, causing the vertical seat 81 to move downward while rotating. During the downward rotation of the vertical seat 81, it will drive the flow dividing plates 85 to rotate and slap the surrounding mixed liquid. After the mixed liquid is pushed away, the lid 8 can better cover the upper port of the ventilation hole 41. The opening size of the upper port of the ventilation hole 41 can change according to the amount of helium gas generated, ensuring that the helium gas flows from bottom to top while preventing the mixed liquid from flowing along the ventilation hole 41, making the separation of neon and helium gases smoother.

[0051] Example 6: A method for separating and refining neon and helium rare gases, which is applicable to the above-mentioned neon and helium rare gas separation and refining machine. The steps of this method are as follows:

[0052] S1: The neon and helium gases form a mixed liquid after being compressed and cooled. The mixed liquid will enter the inside of the tower body 1 along the liquid inlet pipe 15 and fall on the spiral plate 4. The second heating wire 43 will heat the spiral plate 4, and the mixed liquid will flow downward along the upper surface of the spiral plate 4.

[0053] S2: The mixed liquid pushes the one-way plate 42 along the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 and flows into the bottom of the tower body 1 to contact the first heating plate 17. The liquid helium in the mixed liquid at the bottom of the tower body 1 is vaporized by heat and flows upward. The helium gas passes through the ventilation holes 41 from top to bottom and contacts and conducts heat with the mixed liquid flowing on the upper surface of the spiral plate 4.

[0054] S3: The second heating wire 43 will transfer heat to the spiral plate 4. The mixed liquid on the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 is heated during the downward flow process; the liquid helium in the mixed liquid on the upper surface of the spiral plate 4 will vaporize.

[0055] S4: Helium will be sucked through the air-permeable holes 41 on the spiral plate 4 by the air pump 18 and finally flow out along the outlet pipe 14, and the liquid at the bottom of the tower body 1 will flow out along the liquid outlet pipe 16.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the Figure 1 orientation or positional relationship shown, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for differential description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0057] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A neon-helium rare gas separation and purification machine, comprising a tower body and a base at the bottom of the tower body; the internal space of the tower body is divided into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity from top to bottom; an air outlet pipe is connected and arranged at a position close to the upper part of the upper cavity; a liquid inlet pipe is connected and arranged at a lateral position of the upper cavity; a liquid outlet pipe is connected and arranged at a lateral position of the lower cavity; and it is characterized in that: A central rod is vertically arranged at the center of the tower body; a spiral plate is sleeved on the outer wall of the central rod and inside the middle cavity; the outer edge of the spiral plate is in sealed contact with the inner wall of the tower body; the spiral plate has multiple turns of spirals; ventilation holes are vertically formed through the spiral plate; a first heating plate is arranged in the lower cavity; an air pump is arranged in the upper cavity; a one-way plate inclined downward is hinged to the lower surface of the spiral plate.

2. The neon-helium rare gas separation and purification machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central rod is composed of an upper rod at the upper position and a lower rod at the lower position; the upper rod is fixedly connected to the upper position inside the tower body, and the upper end of the lower rod is rotatably connected to the lower end of the upper rod; a spiral adjustment groove is arranged on the outer wall of the lower rod; an adjustment block is movably and hermetically connected in the adjustment groove; the adjustment block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the spiral plate; the spiral plate is elastic; a motor is embedded in the center of the base; the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower rod.

3. A neon-helium rare gas separation and purification machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: An activity block is movably and hermetically connected in the adjustment groove; an activity groove is arranged on the outer side of the activity block; the activity groove is stuck on the inner edge of the spiral plate; the inner edge of the spiral plate is in contact and sealed with the outer wall of the central rod, and the inner edge of the spiral plate is movably and hermetically connected with the activity groove.

4. A neon-helium rare gas separation and purification machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second heating wire is embedded in the spiral plate; when the second heating wire is electrified, it can heat the spiral plate; the mixed liquid is heated by rolling during the process of flowing downward along the spiral plate.

5. The neon-helium rare gas separation and purification machine according to claim 4, wherein: Partition plates are arranged on the upper surface of the spiral plate; the number of the partition plates is multiple; the multiple partition plates are sequentially away from the central rod; the partition plates are spiral; the partition plates are perpendicular to the upper surface of the spiral plate; notches corresponding to the partition plates are arranged on the one-way plate.

6. A neon-helium rare gas separation and purification machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The partition plates are made of heat-conducting materials and are elastic; multiple spiral avoidance grooves are arranged on the lower surface of the spiral plate; the positions of the avoidance grooves are corresponding to the positions of the partition plates and are for the partition plates to avoid; the avoidance grooves extend upward into the corresponding partition plates.

7. A neon-helium rare gas separation and purification machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower port of the ventilation hole is fixedly connected to a cross bar; a hole cover covers the upper port of the ventilation hole; a vertical seat is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the hole cover; a vertical groove is arranged on the lower surface of the vertical seat; a vertical rod is movably connected in the vertical groove; one end of the vertical rod is connected to the bottom of the vertical groove through an elastic cord; the lower end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected to the cross bar.

8. A neon-helium rare gas separation and purification machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: External threads are arranged on the outer wall of the vertical rod; internal threads are arranged on the inner wall of the vertical groove; the outer wall of the vertical rod is in threaded transmission connection with the inner wall of the vertical groove; flow dividing plates are uniformly fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical seat.

9. A method for separating and refining neon-helium rare gases, which is applicable to the neon-helium rare gas separation and refining machine described in any one of claims 1-8, and is characterized in that: The steps of this method are as follows: S1: Neon-helium gas forms a mixed liquid after compression and cooling, and the mixed liquid will enter the inside of the tower body along the liquid inlet pipe and fall on the spiral plate. The second heating wire will heat the spiral plate, and the mixed liquid will flow downward along the upper surface of the spiral plate. S2: The mixed liquid pushes the one-way plate along the upper surface of the spiral plate and flows into the bottom of the tower body to contact the first heating plate. The liquid helium in the mixed liquid at the bottom of the tower body is vaporized by heat and flows upward. Helium gas passes through the ventilation holes from top to bottom and contacts the mixed liquid flowing on the upper surface of the spiral plate for heat conduction. S3: The second heating wire will transfer heat to the spiral plate, and the mixed liquid on the upper surface of the spiral plate is heated during the process of flowing downward; the liquid helium in the mixed liquid on the upper surface of the spiral plate will be vaporized. S4: Helium will be sucked through the breathable holes on the spiral plate by the air pump and finally flow out along the outlet pipe, and the liquid at the bottom of the tower body will flow out along the liquid outlet pipe.

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