An incinerator fly ash separation and condensation treatment equipment based on airflow impact

Abstract

The present invention discloses an incinerator fly ash separation and condensation treatment device based on airflow impact, which relates to the technical field of fly ash treatment. The fly ash separation and condensation treatment device comprises a frame, on which a pretreatment unit, a bag dust collector and a dust extraction fan are arranged in sequence along the movement direction of the airflow. The air inlet of the pretreatment unit is connected with the smoke outlet of the incinerator, and the air outlet of the pretreatment unit is connected with the inlet of the bag dust collector. The pretreatment unit separates fly ash through airflow impact, and the air outlet of the bag dust collector is connected with the dust extraction fan, which is used to drive the dust-laden airflow to flow; the pretreatment unit is arranged at the front end of the bag dust collector to pre-treat the fly ash and pre-separate larger and smaller particles in the fly ash; when the fly ash is treated, the dust extraction fan is started, thereby driving the fly ash treated by the pretreatment unit to flow into the bag dust collector for treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fly ash treatment, in particular to an incinerator fly ash separation and condensation treatment device based on airflow impact. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the expansion of industrial scale, the demand for incineration of domestic and industrial waste is growing. Incinerators, as core treatment equipment, generate flue gas containing large amounts of fly ash particles. Direct discharge without effective treatment can cause serious environmental pollution and health hazards. Currently, bag filters are the mainstream technology for incinerator flue gas treatment, but practical applications still face the following technical bottlenecks.

[0003] Fly ash particles in incinerator flue gas have significant size distribution differences. Large fly ash particles (>50μm) have high inertia and easily collide with the filter bag surface after entering the bag filter, causing wear and even rupture, shortening the service life. Small fly ash particles (<10μm) are lightweight and highly penetrating, making them difficult for traditional dust collectors to effectively intercept, easily causing emissions to exceed standards.

[0004] Existing processes attempt to promote the agglomeration of small particles by spraying coagulants, but there are the following problems:

[0005] Uneven spraying of the agent: The static spraying method cannot adapt to the dynamic flue gas flow, which may easily cause excessive use of coagulant or insufficient coverage.

[0006] Poor agglomeration effect: small particles stay in high-speed airflow for a short time and are discharged before fully contacting the coagulant. The agglomerates are loose and easy to disperse again. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an incinerator fly ash separation and condensation treatment device based on airflow impact to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a technical solution for an incinerator fly ash separation and condensation treatment equipment based on airflow impact. The fly ash separation and condensation treatment equipment includes a frame, and a pretreatment unit, a bag dust collector and a dust extraction fan are arranged in sequence on the frame along the movement direction of the airflow. The air inlet of the pretreatment unit is connected to the smoke outlet of the incinerator, and the air outlet of the pretreatment unit is connected to the inlet of the bag dust collector. The pretreatment unit separates fly ash through airflow impact, and the air outlet of the bag dust collector is connected to the dust extraction fan, which is used to drive the dust-laden airflow to flow.

[0009] The frame is fixed on the ground to provide an installation foundation. The flue gas generated by the combustion of the incinerator contains a large amount of fly ash, and the size of the fly ash particles is inconsistent. Large particles of fly ash have large inertia and are easy to damage the filter bags of the bag dust collector. Small particles of fly ash can easily penetrate the filter bags, resulting in excessive emissions. Therefore, a pretreatment unit is arranged at the front end of the bag dust collector to pre-treat the fly ash and separate the larger and smaller particles in the fly ash in advance; when the fly ash is being treated, the dust extraction fan is started, thereby driving the fly ash treated by the pretreatment unit to flow into the bag dust collector for treatment.

[0010] Furthermore, the pretreatment unit includes an impact component, a second component and a coagulation component. The impact component is used to separate large particles in fly ash, the second component is used to separate medium and small particles in fly ash, and the coagulation component promotes the agglomeration of small particles by spraying coagulants.

[0011] For large particles in fly ash, the impact component uses compressed air as power to screen out large particles through the impact force of the airflow; for small particles in fly ash, the small particles are separated by the two-part component, and then the coagulant is sprayed through the coagulation component to make the small particles agglomerate, thereby increasing their diameter; that is, the fly ash is separated in multiple stages through the pretreatment unit, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency.

[0012] Furthermore, the impact assembly includes an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe and a high-pressure nozzle, the air outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet pipe, the outlet of the air outlet pipe is connected to the two-part assembly, the high-pressure nozzle is firmly connected to the inner wall of the air inlet pipe, and the high-pressure nozzle is connected to an external compressed air source;

[0013] A guide section, an impact section and a blanking section are arranged in sequence in the air inlet pipe along the air flow direction. The guide section is connected to the flue gas outlet of the incinerator. The inlet of the outlet pipe is located at the impact section. The high-pressure nozzle is located at the impact section, and the output end of the high-pressure nozzle faces the inlet of the outlet pipe.

[0014] The flue gas generated by the incinerator flows into the pretreatment unit through the air inlet pipe. The flue gas flows to the impact section under the guidance of the guide section. Since the jet generated by the high-pressure nozzle is parallel to the outlet pipe, the movement direction of the flue gas will be offset. The large particles in the flue gas are not easily blown by the air flow due to their heavy weight. Under the action of gravity, they will fall into the blanking section. That is, the impact force of the air flow from the high-pressure nozzle cooperates with the air inlet pipe and the outlet pipe to separate the large particles of fly ash in the flue gas.

[0015] Furthermore, the two-component assembly includes a guide plate, a diverter plate and a dust detector. The guide plate is tightly connected to the frame. A spiral groove is provided in the guide plate. The inlet of the spiral groove is connected to the outlet of the exhaust pipe. The diverter plate is tightly connected to the guide plate. A first outlet and a second outlet are provided on the diverter plate. The first outlet is close to the inner circle of the spiral groove, and the second outlet is close to the outer circle of the spiral groove. The dust detector is located at the first outlet. A small particle outlet and a medium particle outlet are provided in the middle of the guide plate. The first outlet is connected to the small particle outlet, and the second outlet is connected to the medium particle outlet.

[0016] The flue gas with large particles separated flows tangentially along the outlet pipe into the spiral groove in the guide plate. The dust-laden airflow will perform spiral motion under the guidance of the spiral groove. Under the action of centrifugal force, the medium-sized fly ash with heavier weight is subjected to greater centrifugal force and tends to be distributed in the outer circle of the spiral groove, while the small-sized fly ash with lighter weight tends to be distributed in the inner circle of the spiral groove. Then, a diverter plate is arranged at the outlet of the spiral groove to guide the flue gas. The flue gas containing small-sized fly ash will flow to the small-sized particle outlet through the first outlet, while the flue gas containing medium-sized fly ash will flow to the medium-sized particle outlet through the second outlet. That is, the medium-sized particles and small-sized particles in the flue gas are separated and processed through the cooperation of the spiral groove and the diverter plate. In addition, the dust detector can detect the concentration of small-sized fly ash passing through the first outlet in real time.

[0017] Furthermore, the coagulation component is located at the small particle outlet, and the coagulation component includes a guide pipe, a water inlet ring and an air inlet ring. The inlet of the guide pipe is connected to the small particle outlet, and the guide pipe is provided with an expansion section, a spray port and a boost port. The expansion section is located in the middle position of the guide pipe, and the spray port and the boost port are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the expansion section. The inlet of the water inlet ring is externally connected to the pumped coagulant, the water inlet ring is connected to the spray port, the inlet of the air inlet ring is externally connected to the compressed air source, and the air inlet ring is connected to the boost port.

[0018] The flue gas flowing out from the small particle outlet will enter the guide pipe, and the coagulant will be sprayed into the guide pipe through the cooperation of the water inlet ring and the spray port, thereby causing the small particles of fly ash to agglomerate. In addition, since the fly ash particles formed by agglomeration are relatively loose, in order to prevent the agglomerated fly ash particles from dispersing, an external high-pressure gas source is introduced through the boost port to boost the pressure in the guide pipe, and the pressure is used to promote the agglomeration of fly ash particles and increase the compactness of the agglomerates, thereby avoiding dispersion. In addition, by arranging an expansion section in the guide pipe, the flow cross-section is increased, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the flue gas and extending the residence time of the flue gas in the guide pipe, thereby increasing the contact time between the coagulant and the fly ash particles, thereby promoting the agglomeration of fly ash.

[0019] Furthermore, a slide groove is provided on the outer wall of the guide pipe, and the water inlet ring and the air inlet ring are slidably connected to the slide groove. A water inlet channel is provided in the water inlet ring, and the water outlet of the water inlet channel is connected with the spray port, and the water outlet of the water inlet channel and the spray port are staggered. An intake channel is provided in the air inlet ring, and the air outlet of the intake channel is connected with the boost port, and the air outlet of the intake channel and the boost port are staggered. An adjustment component is provided on the guide pipe, and the adjustment component is used to adjust the position of the water inlet ring and the air inlet ring.

[0020] Through the staggered arrangement of the water outlet and spray port of the water inlet flow channel and the air outlet and boost port of the inlet flow channel, and the free rotation of the water inlet ring and the air inlet ring and the slide groove along the guide pipe, when the dust detector detects an increase in the concentration of small particle fly ash, the adjustment component drives the water inlet ring and the air inlet ring to rotate a certain angle, so that the overlapping area of ​​the water outlet and the spray port of the water inlet flow channel and the air outlet and the boost port of the inlet flow channel is increased, thereby correspondingly increasing the amount of coagulant flowing into the guide pipe through the spray port, and increasing the amount of compressed gas flowing into the guide pipe through the boost port, that is, realizing automatic adjustment of the amount of coagulant and compressed gas sprayed into the guide pipe according to the concentration of small particle fly ash, thereby improving the agglomeration effect of fly ash.

[0021] Furthermore, the adjustment component includes a drive motor, a transmission gear, an arc-shaped rack and a connecting rod. The drive motor is tightly connected to the outer wall of the guide tube, the output end of the drive motor is connected to the transmission gear, the arc-shaped rack is meshed with the transmission gear for transmission, the arc-shaped rack is tightly connected to the connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is tightly connected to the water inlet ring, and the other end of the connecting rod is tightly connected to the air intake ring.

[0022] When the position of the water inlet ring and the air inlet ring needs to be adjusted, the drive motor is started, driving the transmission gear to rotate, thereby driving the arc-shaped rack to deflect a certain angle, and then causing the connecting rod to deflect a certain angle, so that the water inlet ring and the air inlet ring fixed to the connecting rod deflect at the same angle.

[0023] Furthermore, a heating wire is arranged in the intake air duct, and the heating wire is used to heat the airflow flowing into the guide tube.

[0024] After being agglomerated by the coagulant, the fly ash is relatively moist. In order to prevent the moist particles from adhering to the pipe wall, the air flow is heated by the heating wire in the air inlet duct, and the moist fly ash is dried by the hot air flow.

[0025] Furthermore, the spray port and the supercharging port are arranged obliquely, the inclination direction of the spray port is the same as the flow direction of the airflow, and the inclination direction of the supercharging port is opposite to the flow direction of the airflow.

[0026] By tilting the spraying port and the pressurizing port in opposite directions, the incident directions of the coagulant and the pressurized airflow are made to collide, thereby increasing the airflow disturbance and promoting the combination of the coagulant and the fly ash.

[0027] Furthermore, the dust detector uses a laser scattering method to detect dust concentration.

[0028] The laser scattering method measures the dust concentration in the pipeline through the interaction between light and dust particles. It has the advantages of non-contact and real-time monitoring. This is an existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. Efficient classification treatment to protect the life of filter bags. The impact component uses airflow impact to separate large particles of fly ash, preventing them from directly entering the bag dust collector and damaging the filter bags; the second component separates medium and small particles through the centrifugal force of the spiral groove, combined with the diverter plate guidance to ensure the classification and treatment of particles of different particle sizes; the coagulation component promotes the agglomeration of small particles by spraying coagulants and pressurized airflow, increasing their diameter, effectively preventing filter bag penetration, and reducing the risk of excessive emissions.

[0031] 2. Intelligent dynamic adjustment to optimize operating efficiency. The dust detector monitors the concentration of small particles in real time, and the linkage adjustment component automatically adjusts the input amount of coagulant and compressed gas to achieve "on-demand processing" and avoid waste of resources.

[0032] 3. The expansion section of the guide tube reduces the air flow velocity, prolongs the condensation reaction time, and promotes the full agglomeration of fly ash particles. The inclined spray port and the boost port are designed to form counter-flow airflow disturbances, thereby enhancing the mixing effect of the coagulant and fly ash. The heating wire heats the boost air flow, dries the moist agglomerated particles, prevents the pipe wall from sticking, and ensures the continuous and stable operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the pre-processing unit of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a bipartite component;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the guide plate;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A local enlarged view of point A;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the guide tube;

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point B;

[0040] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point C;

[0041] Figure 9 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point D.

[0042] Figure: 1, frame; 2, pre-treatment unit; 21, impact assembly; 211, air inlet pipe; 2111, guide section; 2112, impact section; 2113, blanking section; 212, air outlet pipe; 213, high-pressure nozzle; 22, second subassembly; 221, guide plate; 2211, spiral groove; 2212, small particle outlet; 2213, medium particle outlet; 222, diverter plate; 2221, first outlet; 2222, second outlet; 223, powder Dust detector; 23. Coagulation component; 231. Guide tube; 2311. Expansion section; 2312. Spray port; 2313. Boost port; 2314. Chute; 232. Water inlet ring; 2321. Water inlet channel; 233. Air inlet ring; 2331. Air inlet channel; 234. Heating wire; 24. Adjustment component; 241. Drive motor; 242. Transmission gear; 243. Arc rack; 244. Connecting rod; 3. Bag dust collector; 4. Dust extraction fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example: Figures 1-9 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution for an incinerator fly ash separation and condensation treatment equipment based on airflow impact. The fly ash separation and condensation treatment equipment includes a frame 1, on which a pretreatment unit 2, a bag dust collector 3 and a dust extraction fan 4 are arranged in sequence along the movement direction of the airflow. The air inlet of the pretreatment unit 2 is connected to the smoke outlet of the incinerator, and the air outlet of the pretreatment unit 2 is connected to the inlet of the bag dust collector 3. The pretreatment unit 2 separates fly ash through airflow impact, and the air outlet of the bag dust collector 3 is connected to the dust extraction fan 4, which is used to drive the dust-laden airflow to flow.

[0045] The frame 1 is fixed on the ground to provide an installation foundation. The flue gas generated by the combustion in the incinerator contains a large amount of fly ash, and the sizes of the fly ash particles are inconsistent. The large particles of fly ash have large inertia and are easy to damage the filter bags of the bag dust collector 3. The small particles of fly ash are easy to penetrate the filter bags, resulting in excessive emissions. Therefore, a pretreatment unit 2 is arranged in the front section of the bag dust collector 3 to pre-treat the fly ash and separate the larger and smaller particles in the fly ash in advance; when the fly ash is being treated, the dust extraction fan 4 is started, thereby driving the fly ash treated by the pretreatment unit 2 to flow into the bag dust collector 3 for treatment.

[0046] The pretreatment unit 2 includes an impact component 21, a second component 22 and a coagulation component 23. The impact component 21 is used to separate large particles in fly ash, the second component 22 is used to separate medium and small particles in fly ash, and the coagulation component 23 promotes the agglomeration of small particles by spraying coagulants.

[0047] For large particles in fly ash, the impact component 21 uses compressed air as power to screen out large particles through the impact force of the airflow; for small particles in fly ash, the small particles are separated by the two-part component 22, and then the coagulant is sprayed through the coagulation component 23 to make the small particles agglomerate, thereby increasing their diameter; that is, the fly ash is separated in multiple stages through the pretreatment unit 2, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency.

[0048] The impact assembly 21 includes an air inlet pipe 211, an air outlet pipe 212, and a high-pressure nozzle 213. The air outlet pipe 212 is connected to the air inlet pipe 211, and the outlet of the air outlet pipe 212 is connected to the second assembly 22. The high-pressure nozzle 213 is tightly connected to the inner wall of the air inlet pipe 211 and is connected to an external compressed air source.

[0049] A guide section 2111, an impact section 2112 and a blanking section 2113 are sequentially provided in the air inlet pipe 211 along the air flow direction. The guide section 2111 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the incinerator. The inlet of the air outlet pipe 212 is located at the impact section 2112. The high-pressure nozzle 213 is located at the impact section 2112. The output end of the high-pressure nozzle 213 faces the inlet of the air outlet pipe 212.

[0050] The flue gas generated by the incinerator flows into the pretreatment unit 2 through the air inlet pipe 211, and flows to the impact section 2112 under the guidance of the guide section 2111. Since the jet generated by the high-pressure nozzle 213 is parallel to the air outlet pipe 212, the movement direction of the flue gas will be offset. The large particles in the flue gas are not easily blown by the air flow due to their large weight. Under the action of gravity, they will fall into the blanking section 2113, that is, the impact force of the air flow from the high-pressure nozzle 213 is combined with the air inlet pipe 211 and the air outlet pipe 212 to separate the large particles of fly ash in the flue gas.

[0051] The second subassembly 22 includes a guide plate 221, a diverter plate 222 and a dust detector 223. The guide plate 221 is tightly connected to the frame 1. A spiral groove 2211 is provided in the guide plate 221. The inlet of the spiral groove 2211 is connected to the outlet of the exhaust pipe 212. The diverter plate 222 is tightly connected to the guide plate 221. A first outlet 2221 and a second outlet 2222 are provided on the diverter plate 222. The first outlet 2221 is close to the inner circle of the spiral groove 2211, and the second outlet 2222 is close to the outer circle of the spiral groove 2211. The dust detector 223 is located at the first outlet 2221. A small particle outlet 2212 and a medium particle outlet 2213 are provided in the middle of the guide plate 221. The first outlet 2221 is connected to the small particle outlet 2212, and the second outlet 2222 is connected to the medium particle outlet 2213.

[0052] The flue gas with separated large particles flows tangentially along the outlet pipe 212 into the spiral groove 2211 in the guide plate 221. The dust-laden airflow will perform a spiral motion under the guidance of the spiral groove 2211. Under the action of centrifugal force, the medium-sized fly ash particles with larger weight are subjected to a larger centrifugal force and tend to be distributed in the outer circle of the spiral groove 2211, while the small-sized fly ash particles with smaller weight tend to be distributed in the inner circle of the spiral groove 2211. Then, a diverter plate 222 is arranged at the outlet of the spiral groove 2211 to guide the flue gas. The flue gas containing small-sized fly ash particles will flow to the small-particle outlet 2212 through the first outlet 2221, while the flue gas containing medium-sized fly ash particles will flow to the medium-sized particle outlet 2213 through the second outlet 2222. That is, the medium-sized particles and small particles in the flue gas are separated and processed through the cooperation of the spiral groove 2211 and the diverter plate 222. In addition, the dust detector 223 can detect the concentration of small-particle fly ash passing through the first outlet 2221 in real time.

[0053] The coagulation component 23 is located at the small particle outlet 2212. The coagulation component 23 includes a guide pipe 231, a water inlet ring 232 and an air inlet ring 233. The inlet of the guide pipe 231 is connected to the small particle outlet 2212. The guide pipe 231 is provided with an expansion section 2311, a spray port 2312 and a boost port 2313. The expansion section 2311 is located in the middle position of the guide pipe 231. The spray port 2312 and the boost port 2313 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the expansion section 2311. The inlet of the water inlet ring 232 is externally connected to the pumped coagulant, the water inlet ring 232 is connected to the spray port 2312, the inlet of the air inlet ring 233 is externally connected to the compressed air source, and the air inlet ring 233 is connected to the boost port 2313.

[0054] The flue gas flowing out from the small particle outlet 2212 will enter the guide pipe 231, and the coagulant will be sprayed into the guide pipe 231 through the cooperation of the water inlet ring 232 and the spray port 2312, thereby causing the small particles of fly ash to agglomerate. In addition, since the fly ash particles formed by agglomeration are relatively loose, in order to prevent the agglomerated fly ash particles from dispersing, an external high-pressure gas source is introduced through the boost port 2313 to boost the pressure in the guide pipe 231, and the pressure is used to promote the agglomeration of fly ash particles and increase the compactness of the agglomerates, thereby avoiding dispersion; in addition, by arranging an expansion section 2311 in the guide pipe 231, the flow cross-section is increased, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the flue gas and extending the residence time of the flue gas in the guide pipe 231, thereby increasing the contact time between the coagulant and the fly ash particles, thereby promoting the agglomeration of fly ash.

[0055] A slide groove 2314 is provided on the outer wall of the guide tube 231, and the water inlet ring 232 and the air inlet ring 233 are slidingly connected to the slide groove 2314. A water inlet channel 2321 is provided in the water inlet ring 232, and the water outlet of the water inlet channel 2321 is connected to the spray port 2312, and the water outlet of the water inlet channel 2321 is staggered with the spray port 2312. An intake channel 2331 is provided in the air inlet ring 233, and the air outlet of the intake channel 2331 is connected to the boost port 2313, and the air outlet of the intake channel 2331 is staggered with the boost port 2313; an adjustment component 24 is provided on the guide tube 231, and the adjustment component 24 is used to adjust the positions of the water inlet ring 232 and the air inlet ring 233.

[0056] Through the staggered arrangement of the water outlet and the spray port 2312 of the water inlet channel 2321 and the air outlet and the supercharging port 2313 of the inlet channel 2331, and the free rotation of the water inlet ring 232 and the air inlet ring 233 and the slide 2314 on the guide pipe 231, when the dust detector 223 detects an increase in the concentration of small particle fly ash, the regulating component 24 drives the water inlet ring 232 and the air inlet ring 233 to rotate a certain angle, so that the water outlet of the water inlet channel 2321 and the spray port 2312 are aligned with each other. The overlapping area between the sprinkler port 2312 and the air outlet of the air inlet duct 2331 and the boost port 2313 is increased, thereby correspondingly increasing the amount of coagulant flowing into the guide pipe 231 through the sprinkler port 2312, and increasing the amount of compressed gas flowing into the guide pipe 231 through the boost port 2313, that is, automatically adjusting the amount of coagulant and compressed gas sprayed into the guide pipe 231 according to the concentration of small particle fly ash, thereby improving the agglomeration effect of the fly ash.

[0057] The adjustment component 24 includes a drive motor 241, a transmission gear 242, an arcuate rack 243 and a connecting rod 244. The drive motor 241 is fastened to the outer wall of the guide tube 231, the output end of the drive motor 241 is transmission-connected to the transmission gear 242, the arcuate rack 243 is meshed with the transmission gear 242 for transmission, the arcuate rack 243 is fastened to the connecting rod 244, one end of the connecting rod 244 is fastened to the water inlet ring 232, and the other end of the connecting rod 244 is fastened to the air intake ring 233.

[0058] When the position of the water inlet ring 232 and the air inlet ring 233 needs to be adjusted, the drive motor 241 is started, driving the transmission gear 242 to rotate, thereby driving the arc rack 243 to deflect a certain angle, and then causing the connecting rod 244 to deflect a certain angle, so that the water inlet ring 232 and the air inlet ring 233 fixed to the connecting rod 244 deflect at the same angle.

[0059] A heating wire 234 is arranged in the air inlet passage 2331 , and the heating wire 234 is used to heat the airflow flowing into the air guide tube 231 .

[0060] After being agglomerated by the coagulant, the fly ash is relatively moist. In order to prevent the moist particles from adhering to the pipe wall, the airflow is heated by the heating wire 234 in the air inlet duct 2331, and the moist fly ash is dried by the hot airflow.

[0061] The spray port 2312 and the boost port 2313 are arranged obliquely. The inclination direction of the spray port 2312 is the same as the flow direction of the airflow, and the inclination direction of the boost port 2313 is opposite to the flow direction of the airflow.

[0062] By tilting the spray port 2312 and the pressurizing port 2313 in opposite directions, the incident directions of the coagulant and the pressurized airflow are made to collide with each other, thereby increasing the airflow disturbance and promoting the combination of the coagulant and the fly ash.

[0063] The dust detector 223 detects dust concentration using a laser scattering method.

[0064] The laser scattering method measures the dust concentration in the pipeline through the interaction between light and dust particles. It has the advantages of non-contact and real-time monitoring. This is an existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0065] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: for large particles in fly ash, the impact component 21 uses compressed air as power to screen out large particles through the impact force of the airflow; for small particles in fly ash, the small particles are separated by the second component 22, and then the coagulant is sprayed by the coagulation component 23 to make the small particles agglomerate, thereby increasing their diameter; and the medium and small particles in the flue gas are separated and processed through the cooperation of the spiral groove 2211 and the diverter plate 222; the flue gas flowing out of the small particle outlet 2212 will enter the guide pipe 231, and the coagulant will be sprayed to the flue gas through the cooperation of the water inlet ring 232 and the spray port 2312. In the guide pipe 231, small particles of fly ash are agglomerated. In addition, since the fly ash particles formed by agglomeration are relatively loose, in order to prevent the agglomerated fly ash particles from dispersing, an external high-pressure gas source is introduced through the boost port 2313 to boost the pressure in the guide pipe 231, and the pressure is used to promote the agglomeration of fly ash particles and increase the compactness of the agglomerates, thereby avoiding dispersion; in addition, by arranging an expansion section 2311 in the guide pipe 231, the flow cross-section is increased, thereby reducing the flow rate of the flue gas and extending the residence time of the flue gas in the guide pipe 231, thereby increasing the contact time between the coagulant and the fly ash particles, thereby promoting the agglomeration of fly ash.

[0066] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. An incinerator fly ash separation and condensation treatment equipment based on airflow impact, characterized by: The fly ash separation and condensation treatment equipment comprises a frame (1), on which a pretreatment unit (2), a bag dust collector (3) and a dust extraction fan (4) are sequentially arranged along the direction of airflow. The air inlet of the pretreatment unit (2) is connected to the smoke outlet of the incinerator, and the air outlet of the pretreatment unit (2) is connected to the inlet of the bag dust collector (3). The pretreatment unit (2) separates fly ash by airflow impact, and the air outlet of the bag dust collector (3) is connected to the dust extraction fan (4). The dust extraction fan (4) is used to drive the dust-laden airflow to flow. The pretreatment unit (2) comprises an impact assembly (21), a second assembly (22) and a coagulation assembly (23), wherein the impact assembly (21) is used to separate large particles from fly ash, the second assembly (22) is used to separate medium particles and small particles from fly ash, and the coagulation assembly (23) promotes the agglomeration of small particles by spraying a coagulant; The impact assembly (21) includes an air inlet pipe (211), an air outlet pipe (212) and a high-pressure nozzle (213); the air outlet pipe (212) is in communication with the air inlet pipe (211); the outlet of the air outlet pipe (212) is in communication with the second assembly (22); the high-pressure nozzle (213) is firmly connected to the inner wall of the air inlet pipe (211); and the high-pressure nozzle (213) is externally connected to a compressed air source; A guide section (2111), an impact section (2112) and a blanking section (2113) are sequentially provided in the air inlet pipe (2111) along the air flow direction; the guide section (2111) is connected to the smoke outlet of the incinerator; the inlet of the air outlet pipe (212) is located at the impact section (2112); the high-pressure nozzle (213) is located at the impact section (2112); and the output end of the high-pressure nozzle (213) faces the inlet of the air outlet pipe (212).

2. The incinerator fly ash separation and condensation treatment equipment based on airflow impact according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two subassemblies (22) include a guide plate (221), a diverter plate (222), and a dust detector (223). The guide plate (221) is tightly connected to the frame (1). A spiral groove (2211) is provided in the guide plate (221). The inlet of the spiral groove (2211) is connected to the outlet of the air outlet pipe (212). The diverter plate (222) is tightly connected to the guide plate (221). A first outlet (2221) and a second outlet (2222) are provided on the diverter plate (222). The first outlet (2221) is close to the inner ring of the spiral groove (2211), the second outlet (2222) is close to the outer ring of the spiral groove (2211), the dust detector (223) is located at the first outlet (2221), a small particle outlet (2212) and a medium particle outlet (2213) are provided in the middle of the guide plate (221), the first outlet (2221) is connected to the small particle outlet (2212), and the second outlet (2222) is connected to the medium particle outlet (2213).

3. The incinerator fly ash separation and condensation treatment equipment based on airflow impact according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The coagulation component (23) is located at the small particle outlet (2212). The coagulation component (23) comprises a guide pipe (231), a water inlet ring (232) and an air inlet ring (233). The inlet of the guide pipe (231) is connected to the small particle outlet (2212). The guide pipe (231) is provided with an expansion section (2311), a spray port (2312) and a supercharging port (2313). The expansion section (2311) is located in the middle of the guide pipe (231). The spray port (2312) and the supercharging port (2313) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the expansion section (2311). The inlet of the water inlet ring (232) is externally connected to a pumped coagulant, and the water inlet ring (232) is connected to the spray port (2312). The inlet of the air inlet ring (233) is externally connected to a compressed air source, and the air inlet ring (233) is connected to the supercharging port (2313).

4. The incinerator fly ash separation and condensation treatment equipment based on airflow impact according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A chute (2314) is provided on the outer wall of the guide tube (231), the water inlet ring (232) and the air inlet ring (233) are slidably connected to the chute (2314), a water inlet flow channel (2321) is provided in the water inlet ring (232), the water outlet of the water inlet flow channel (2321) is communicated with the spray port (2312), and the water outlet of the water inlet flow channel (2321) and the spray port (2312) are arranged in a staggered manner, an inlet flow channel (2331) is provided in the air inlet ring (233), the air outlet of the inlet flow channel (2331) is communicated with the supercharging port (2313), and the air outlet of the inlet flow channel (2331) and the supercharging port (2313) are arranged in a staggered manner; and an adjustment component (24) is provided on the guide tube (231), and the adjustment component (24) is used to adjust the positions of the water inlet ring (232) and the air inlet ring (233).

5. The incinerator fly ash separation and condensation treatment equipment based on airflow impact according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The regulating assembly (24) comprises a driving motor (241), a transmission gear (242), an arcuate rack (243) and a connecting rod (244); the driving motor (241) is fastened to the outer wall of the guide tube (231); the output end of the driving motor (241) is transmission-connected to the transmission gear (242); the arcuate rack (243) is meshed with the transmission gear (242) for transmission; the arcuate rack (243) is fastened to the connecting rod (244); one end of the connecting rod (244) is fastened to the water inlet ring (232); and the other end of the connecting rod (244) is fastened to the air inlet ring (233).

6. The incinerator fly ash separation and aggregation treatment equipment based on airflow impact according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A heating wire (234) is arranged inside the inlet airflow channel (2331), and the heating wire (234) is used to heat the airflow flowing into the guide tube (231).

7. The incinerator fly ash separation and condensation treatment equipment based on airflow impact according to claim 3 is characterized by: The spray port (2312) and the boost port (2313) are arranged obliquely, the inclination direction of the spray port (2312) is the same as the flow direction of the airflow, and the inclination direction of the boost port (2313) is opposite to the flow direction of the airflow.

8. The incinerator fly ash separation and condensation treatment equipment based on airflow impact according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust detector (223) uses a laser scattering method to detect dust concentration.

Images