Machining method for reducing deformation of seat parts through low-stress cutting

Abstract

The invention discloses a machining method for reducing deformation of seat parts through low-stress cutting machining, and belongs to the technical field of seat part cutting. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, before the seat part is machined, a blank of the seat part is subjected to strict tempering treatment; secondly, an inner hole and a boss of the seat part are turned through a numerical control lathe, in order to remarkably increase the contact area of the bottom face of the seat part, the shoulder face of the seat part serves as a positioning reference, a multi-point limiting clamp is adopted for limiting the seat part, symmetry and uniformity of stress points on the two sides of the seat part are guaranteed, and the seat part is machined; and then the pneumatic pressing plate is used for carrying out clamping and pressing operation with low pressing force on the part. And thirdly, the cutting parameters of the part are solidified, and the cutting force, the cutting speed, the feeding amount of each tooth and the cutting depth are set. According to the invention, the problems of part deformation and dimensional accuracy caused by the influence of clamping pressure after milling can be effectively controlled, and meanwhile, the clamping efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of cutting of seat parts, and particularly relates to a processing method for reducing deformation in low-stress cutting of seat parts. Background Art

[0002] In modern manufacturing, seat parts, as a key component of machine tool structures, the quality of their processing has a crucial direct impact on the accuracy and performance of machine tools. Traditional cutting methods often cause large stresses inside the parts, resulting in varying degrees of deformation after processing, which will have a serious negative impact on the assembly accuracy and service life of machine tools. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims at the above problems, makes up for the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a processing method for reducing deformation in low-stress cutting of seat parts; the present invention can effectively control the part deformation and dimensional accuracy problems caused by the influence of clamping pressure after milling, and at the same time greatly improve the clamping efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] The present invention provides a processing method for reducing deformation in low-stress cutting of seat parts, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: First, before processing the seat part, perform strict tempering treatment on its blank to completely eliminate the stress contained in the blank before processing. Second, use a CNC lathe to perform turning on the inner hole and boss of the seat part. To significantly increase the contact area of the bottom surface of the seat part, use the shoulder surface of the seat part as the positioning reference, use a multi-point limit fixture to limit the seat part, and ensure the symmetry and uniformity of the force points on both sides of the seat part. Then, use a pneumatic pressing plate to perform a low-pressure clamping operation on the part. Third, perform solidification treatment on the cutting parameters of the part, set the cutting force, cutting speed, feed per tooth, and cutting depth to ensure the stability of cutting performance.

[0006] Further, in the first step, the tempering temperature is strictly controlled between 550°C and 600°C.

[0007] Further, in the second step, select a cylinder with a pressure of 0.7 MPA and a pressure of 51 Kg to perform the clamping operation of the pneumatic pressing plate, so that the downward pressure on the seat part is below 600 N.

[0008] Further, in the third step, a four-edge milling cutter with a diameter of Φ20 is used, the cutting linear speed is controlled at 120 m / min, the feed per tooth is set at 0.15 mm, the cutting depth is 0.3 mm, and the cutting force is 410 N.

[0009] Advantages of the present invention.

[0010] By means of material tempering, adopting low clamping force, implementing low-stress cutting, and multi-point limiting, etc., the present invention effectively releases stress and reduces the generation of stress, thereby enabling precise control of the deformation of key seat-type parts, greatly shortening the production cycle, and at the same time reducing the repair cost of parts. Brief description of the drawings

[0011] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0013] As shown in the drawings, the present embodiment provides a processing method for reducing deformation in low-stress cutting of seat-type parts, and the method includes the following steps: I. Before processing the seat-type parts, perform strict tempering treatment on the blank material to thoroughly eliminate the stress contained in the blank material before processing. The tempering treatment temperature should be strictly controlled between 550°C and 600°C.

[0014] II. Use a numerical control lathe to perform turning processing on the inner hole and boss of the seat-type part. In order to significantly increase the contact area of the bottom surface of the seat-type part, use the shoulder surface of the seat-type part as the positioning reference, adopt a multi-point limiting fixture to limit the seat-type part, and ensure the symmetry and uniformity of the force points on both sides of the seat-type part. Then use a pneumatic pressing plate to perform a low clamping force pressing operation on the part.

[0015] In this way, the problem of part deformation caused by clamping is effectively reduced. Through careful calculation and actual test verification, when the downward pressure on the seat-type part is below 600 N, the pressing deformation amount can be reduced from 0.02 mm - 0.05 mm to 0.005 mm, and the effect is the most ideal at this time. Therefore, a cylinder with a pressure of 51 Kg at a pressure of 0.7 MPA is selected to perform the pressing operation of the pneumatic pressing plate.

[0016] III. Solidify the cutting parameters of the parts, and set the cutting force, cutting speed, feed per tooth, and cutting depth to ensure the stability of cutting performance.

[0017] Due to the combined influence of various factors such as the material of the casting, the degree of tool wear, and the air pressure stability, the maximum cutting force standard cannot always be met. If the cutting force is too large, it is easy to cause excessive deformation or workpiece displacement of the parts; while if the cutting force is too small, it will affect the processing efficiency and accelerate the tool wear. Through actual tests, it is found that when using a four-edge milling cutter with a diameter of Φ20, the cutting linear speed is controlled at 120 m / min, the feed per tooth is set to 0.15 mm, the cutting depth is 0.3 mm, and the cutting force is 410 N, the cutting performance is the most stable at this time.

[0018] According to actual tests, by adopting the above-mentioned processing method for reducing deformation in low-stress cutting of seat-like parts, the inner hole deformation of a certain support part can be strictly controlled, and its value can be stably maintained within a range less than 0.008 mm. At the same time, the tension deformation at the opening is also effectively controlled, and its deformation amount can be accurately controlled to be less than 0.003 mm.

[0019] In terms of the auxiliary clamping time, a significant reduction has been achieved. The original auxiliary clamping process that took 3 minutes has now been greatly reduced to only 30 seconds, which undoubtedly greatly improves the production efficiency and effectively shortens the entire processing cycle.

[0020] To further verify the stability and reliability of this processing method, the processed test parts are subjected to natural aging treatment for 7 days. After this process, the dimensions of the holes and openings of the parts are measured, and almost no change has occurred, which fully shows that this processing method has high stability and reliability during long-term use, can continuously and effectively ensure the processing quality of the parts, and provides a solid technical guarantee for actual production.

[0021] It can be understood that the above specific description of the present invention is only used to illustrate the present invention and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced to achieve the same technical effects; as long as it meets the usage requirements, it is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machining method for reducing deformation in low-stress cutting of seat parts, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: First, before machining the seat-like parts, perform strict tempering treatment on their blank materials to completely eliminate the internal stress contained in the blank materials before machining; Second, use a CNC lathe to turn the inner hole and boss of the seat-like parts. In order to significantly increase the contact area of the bottom surface of the seat-like parts, take the shoulder surface of the seat-like parts as the positioning reference, use a fixture with multi-point limit to limit the seat-like parts, and ensure the symmetry and uniformity of the force points on both sides of the seat-like parts. Then, use a pneumatic pressing plate to perform a clamping operation with a low pressing force on the parts; Third, perform solidification treatment on the cutting parameters of the parts, set the cutting force, cutting speed, feed per tooth, and cutting depth to ensure the stability of the cutting performance.

2. A machining method for reducing deformation in low-stress cutting of a seat part according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first step, the tempering treatment temperature is strictly controlled between 550°C and 600°C.

3. A machining method for reducing deformation in low-stress cutting of a seat part according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the second step, select a cylinder with a pressure of 0.7 MPA and a pressure of 51 Kg to perform the clamping operation of the pneumatic pressing plate, so that the downward pressure on the seat-like parts is below 600 N.

4. A machining method for reducing deformation in low-stress cutting of a seat part according to claim 1, characterized in that In the third step, use a four-edge milling cutter with a diameter of Φ20, control the cutting linear speed at 120 m / min, set the feed per tooth to 0.15 mm, the cutting depth to 0.3 mm, and the cutting force to 410 N.

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