Key groove milling tool with angular relationship between shaft key groove and flat position and use method of key groove milling tool

Abstract

The key groove milling tool is provided with a V-shaped block, a check block is installed at one end of a V-shaped sinking groove of the V-shaped block, and a flat position positioning block is installed at the other end of the V-shaped sinking groove of the V-shaped block; axial positioning screws are rotationally mounted on the stop blocks, and the axial positioning screws abut against the shaft end faces of the shaft parts to be used for axial positioning of the shaft parts with different lengths; the upper end face of the flat position positioning block is provided with a flat position positioning inclined face, the inclination angle alpha of the flat position positioning inclined face is equal to the included angle between a shaft part key groove and a flat position, and the flat position positioning inclined face makes contact with and is attached to the flat position of the shaft part. The V-shaped block is provided with a pressing plate, and the pressing plate downwards presses the shaft part and tightly presses and fixes the shaft part on the V-shaped block. The technical problem that the machining efficiency is low when a three-axis machining center is used for machining a shaft key groove and a milling key groove with the angle relation between the flat position and the shaft key groove is solved, the structure is simple and compact, economical and practical, clamping is convenient, the machining difficulty is reduced, the machining efficiency is improved, and universality is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of workholding fixtures for workpiece milling, and specifically relates to a keyway milling fixture for a shaft with an angular relationship between a keyway and a flat position and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, shaft parts are important components indispensable to various mechanical equipment, and are widely used in many industries such as automobiles, aerospace, ships, machine tools, etc. As a key feature on shaft parts, keyways play an important role in transmitting torque, positioning, and ensuring connection reliability.

[0003] (As Figure 1 shown) When machining a shaft part 6 with a positional relationship between a keyway 601 and a flat position 602, generally the following two methods are adopted: 1. Machining using a four-axis machining center; 2. Installing a dividing head on a three-axis machining center for alignment and machining. In each production enterprise, the number of four-axis machining centers is small, and most are three-axis machining centers. However, when machining with a three-axis machining center, not only does it require installing a dividing head, but also tool setting is required for each shaft part product, resulting in low machining efficiency. In view of this, the following technical solutions are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention: Provide a keyway milling fixture for a shaft with an angular relationship between a keyway and a flat position and its usage method, and solve the technical problem of low machining efficiency in machining a keyway on a shaft with an angular relationship between a keyway and a flat position using a three-axis machining center.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention: A keyway milling fixture for a shaft with an angular relationship between a keyway and a flat position, having a V-block. A stop block is installed at one end of the V-shaped sink of the V-block, and a flat-position locating block is installed at the other end; an axial positioning screw is rotatably installed on the stop block, and the axial positioning screw abuts against the end face of the shaft part for axial positioning of shaft parts of different lengths; a flat-position locating inclined surface is made on the upper end face of the flat-position locating block, and the inclination angle α of the flat-position locating inclined surface is equal to the included angle between the keyway and the flat position of the shaft part, and the flat-position locating inclined surface is in surface contact and fits with the flat position of the shaft part; a pressing plate is installed on the V-block, and the pressing plate presses down the shaft part and presses and fixes the shaft part on the V-block.

[0006] In the above technical solution, further: The V-block is provided with two axially symmetric V-shaped sinks for arranging two shaft parts side by side, and the two shaft parts are pressed by one pressing plate.

[0007] In the above technical solution, preferably: The pressing plate is provided with a U-shaped groove, and the pressing plate screw and the gasket are used to screw into the threaded hole of the V-block to fasten the pressing plate and the V-block into one body.

[0008] In the above technical solution, further: A pair of axially symmetric set screws are used to fasten and install the stop block at the top of the V-block, and an axial positioning screw is installed at the center of the stop block.

[0009] In the above technical solution, preferably: The bottom end of the V-block where the flat-positioning block is installed is provided with a block base, the block base is provided with a through base pin hole, a guide pin is concentrically installed in the base pin hole, the guide pin is concentrically pinned to the positioning block pin hole provided on the flat-positioning block, a counterbore is provided at the bottom end of the flat-positioning block, and a spring is installed between the counterbore and the upper end surface of the block base; a positioning block threaded hole is also provided at the bottom end of the flat-positioning block, the block base is provided with a stepped through hole, the stepped through hole is concentrically arranged with the positioning block threaded hole, and the positioning block adjustment screw passes through the stepped through hole and then is screwed into the positioning block threaded hole to adjust the height of the flat-positioning block.

[0010] In the above technical solution, further: The V-shaped groove is provided with an axial shoulder groove, and the axial shoulder groove is adapted to receive the axial shoulder of the shaft part to ensure the levelness of the shaft part.

[0011] The present invention also claims to protect a method for using a milling keyway tooling for a shaft keyway and a flat position with an angular relationship. When using any tooling to clamp a shaft part, it includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. Before clamping, adjust the height of the flat-positioning block by adjusting the positioning block adjustment screw so that the flat-positioning inclined surface of the flat-positioning block is higher than the axis height of the shaft part, and ensure the levelness of the shaft part.

[0013] S2. Place the shaft part in the V-shaped groove.

[0014] S3. Use the stop block set screws to fasten and install the stop block at the top of the V-block, and realize the axial positioning of the shaft part by adjusting the length of the axial positioning screw.

[0015] S�. When clamping, use the pressing plate screw to pass through the U-shaped groove and then screw it into the V-block threaded hole to make the pressing plate press down on the shaft part. Pre-make the flat position of the shaft part contact with the flat-positioning block part. Continue to rotate the pressing plate screw to gradually press down the pressing plate. The tangential force generated by the pressing plate acts on the shaft part to make the shaft part rotate independently in the V-shaped groove until the flat position of the shaft part rotates to completely fit the flat-positioning inclined surface of the flat-positioning block, and the circumferential alignment of the shaft part is automatically completed.

[0016] S5. Continue to rotate the pressing plate screw to make the pressing plate continue to press down until the generatrix of the shaft part is tightly attached to the V-shaped groove, and the shaft part is pressed and fixed in the V-shaped groove of the V-block, completing the positioning and clamping of the shaft part.

[0017] In the above technical solution, further: by replacing the flat positioning blocks of the flat positioning inclined surfaces with different α inclination angles, the adaptive positioning and clamping of different keyways and flat positions of shaft parts can be realized; by rotating the adjusting positioning block adjusting screw to adjust the height of the flat positioning block, the adaptive positioning and clamping of shaft parts with different diameters can be realized; by rotating the adjusting axial positioning screw to adjust the protruding length, the axial adaptive positioning and clamping of shaft parts with different axial lengths can be realized.

[0018] Advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art:

[0019] 1. When clamping the present invention, the tangential force generated during the pressing process of the pressing plate acts on the shaft part, causing the shaft part to rotate independently in the V-shaped sinking groove until the flat position of the shaft part rotates to completely fit the flat positioning inclined surface of the flat positioning block, automatically completing the circumferential alignment of the shaft part. The clamping is convenient, without the need to use a dividing head for alignment, which can greatly reduce the processing difficulty and improve the processing efficiency.

[0020] 2. The stopper and the axial positioning screw of the present invention are used in cooperation to ensure the axial positioning of the shaft part; the flat positioning block, the spring, the guide pin, and the positioning block adjusting screw jointly act to ensure the angular position relationship between the keyway and the flat position of the shaft part; the pressing plate, the pressing plate screw, and the gasket jointly act to ensure the pressing of the workpiece to avoid workpiece displacement; the present invention realizes the axial and circumferential positioning of the shaft part product, and the tooling structure is simple and compact, with a small volume, easy to implement, economical and practical.

[0021] 3. The present invention realizes the adaptive positioning and clamping of different keyways and flat positions of shaft parts by replacing the flat positioning blocks of the flat positioning inclined surfaces with different α inclination angles; by rotating the adjusting positioning block adjusting screw to adjust the height of the flat positioning block, the adaptive positioning and clamping of shaft parts with different diameters can be realized; by rotating the adjusting axial positioning screw to adjust the protruding length, the axial adaptive positioning and clamping of shaft parts with different axial lengths can be realized, with strong universality.

[0022] 4. The V-shaped block of the present invention realizes the self-centering of the shaft part, and the flat positioning block realizes the rapid and simple positioning of the relative position of the flat position and the keyway of the shaft part, avoiding the problem that the bottom of the keyway is not parallel to the cylindrical diameter of the shaft part due to the eccentricity of the flat position center when processing such products. It can simultaneously realize the axial positioning and circumferential positioning of the shaft part, and can realize the rapid positioning of the keyway of the shaft part with a flat position and angular relationship requirements, saving the time for the operator to align the workpiece angle when processing such products and improving the processing efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 Front view of a shaft part with a positional relationship between a keyway and a flat position;

[0024] Figure 2The front view of the tooling for removing the pressing plate of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 The top view of the tooling for the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 The three-dimensional view of the V-block in the tooling for the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 The three-dimensional view of the flat-positioning block in the tooling for the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 The three-dimensional view of the pressing plate in the tooling for the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1 - guide pin, 2 - positioning block adjustment screw, 3 - spring, 4 - flat-positioning block, 401 - flat-positioning inclined plane, 402 - positioning block pin hole, 403 - sinking groove, 404 - positioning block threaded hole, 5 - V-block, 501 - V-shaped sinking groove, 5011 - shoulder sinking groove, 502 - block base, 503 - base pin hole, 504 - stepped through hole, 505 - V-block threaded hole, 6 - shaft-like part, 601 - keyway, 602 - flat position, 603 - shoulder, 7 - gasket, 8 - pressing plate screw, 9 - pressing plate, 901 - U-shaped groove, 10 - axial positioning screw, 11 - stop block set screw, 12 - stop block. Specific embodiments

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Figures 1-6

[0031] A milling keyway tooling for a shaft-like part with an angular relationship between a keyway and a flat position, (as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 ) has a V-block 5. Among them, the V-shaped sinking groove 501 of the V-block 5 has good centering performance, which can center the positioning reference axis of the workpiece on the symmetric plane of the two inclined planes of the V-block, and there will be no offset in the left and right directions.

[0032] One end of the V-shaped groove 501 of the V-block 5 is installed with a stop block 12, and the other end is installed with a flat-position positioning block 4; the stop block 12 is rotatably installed with an axial positioning screw 10, and the axial positioning screw 10 abuts against the end face of the shaft of the shaft part 6 for axial positioning of shaft parts 6 with different lengths. Among them, the combined use of the stop block 12 and the axial positioning screw 10 can achieve accurate axial positioning of shaft parts 6 with different lengths. The axial positioning screw 10 abuts against the end face of the shaft of the shaft part 6 to prevent the workpiece from axially moving during the milling process and improve the machining accuracy.

[0033] The upper end face of the flat-position positioning block 4 is provided with a flat-position positioning inclined surface 401, and the inclination angle α (in combination with Figure 5 ) of the flat-position positioning inclined surface 401 is equal to the included angle between the keyway 601 and the flat position 602 of the shaft part 6 (in combination with Figure 1 ), and the flat-position positioning inclined surface 401 is in surface contact and fits with the flat position 602 of the shaft part 6 (such as Figure 2 ).

[0034] Among them, for the flat-position positioning inclined surface 401 on the upper end face of the flat-position positioning block 4, its inclination angle α is equal to the included angle between the keyway 601 and the flat position 602 of the shaft part 6, ensuring that the flat position can be accurately positioned. The flat-position positioning inclined surface 401 is in surface contact and fits with the flat position 602 of the shaft part 6, further improving the accuracy and stability of the positioning.

[0035] The V-block 5 is installed with a pressing plate 9 (such as Figure 3 ), and the pressing plate 9 presses down the shaft part 6 and presses and fixes the shaft part 6 in the V-shaped groove 501 of the V-block 5.

[0036] Among them, the pressing plate 9 presses down the shaft part 6 and presses and fixes the shaft part 6 in the V-shaped groove 501 of the V-block 5 to achieve firm clamping of the workpiece. The design of the pressing plate 9 makes the clamping operation more simple and fast, improving the work efficiency.

[0037] Therefore, the tooling of the present invention can adapt to shaft parts 6 with different lengths and sizes, has strong versatility and adaptability, and can achieve accurate positioning and clamping of workpieces with different specifications by adjusting the stop block 12, the axial positioning screw 10 and the flat-position positioning block 4. In addition, the tooling of the present invention ensures the stability and accuracy of the shaft part 6 workpiece during the milling process through accurate positioning and clamping, thereby improving the machining accuracy and avoiding machining errors and scrap rates caused by improper clamping of the shaft part 6 workpiece.

[0038] In the above-mentioned embodiment, further: (such as Figure 3 ) The V-block 5 is provided with two axially symmetric V-shaped grooves 501, and the V-shaped grooves 501 are used for arranging two shaft parts 6 side by side, and the two shaft parts 6 are pressed by one pressing plate 9.

[0039] Among them, since the V-block 5 is designed with two axially symmetric V-shaped grooves 501, two shaft parts 6 can be installed side by side at the same time. This means that two workpieces can be processed simultaneously during a single clamping process, thereby further significantly improving production efficiency. Using a single pressing plate 9 can press two shaft parts 6 simultaneously, reducing the number of clamping operations and time, which helps to shorten the processing cycle and improve the overall production efficiency. Using a single pressing plate 9 to press two shaft parts 6 simultaneously can ensure that the two workpieces receive the same pressing force, which helps to ensure the consistency of the processing accuracy and surface quality of the two workpieces. By installing two shaft parts 6 side by side and using a single pressing plate 9 to press, the number and cost of tooling fixtures can be reduced. At the same time, due to the improvement of production efficiency, the processing cost per unit product can also be reduced. The double-axisymmetric design enables the two shaft parts 6 to be installed compactly side by side, thus saving processing space, which is particularly important for processing environments with limited space. The operation process of installing two shaft parts 6 side by side and using a single pressing plate 9 to press is relatively simple and clear, which helps to reduce operation errors and improve work efficiency.

[0040] In the above embodiment, preferably: the pressing plate 9 is connected to the V-block 5 integrally through the U-shaped groove 901 (as Figure 6 ) made on it, and the pressing plate screw 8 and the gasket 7 are screwed into the threaded hole 505 of the V-block to fasten the pressing plate 9 and the V-block 5 together (in combination with Figure 2 , Figure 3 ).

[0041] Among them, the design of the U-shaped groove 901 enables the pressing plate 9 to be more firmly connected to the V-block 5. By screwing the pressing plate screw 8 and the gasket 7, the tightness between the pressing plate 9 and the V-block 5 can be ensured. The use of the gasket 7 can also prevent the loosening of the pressing plate screw 8, further enhancing the reliability of the connection. The threaded hole 505 on the V-block 5 matches the pressing plate screw 8, making the connection more precise and stable. The design of the U-shaped groove 901 and the threaded hole 505 of the V-block enables the pressing plate 9 to be easily installed on the V-block 5 without complex operation steps.

[0042] In the above embodiment, further: the stopper 12 is firmly installed at the top of the V-block 5 using a pair of axially symmetric stopper set screws 11; the axial positioning screw 10 is installed at the center of the stopper 12.

[0043] Among them, a pair of axially symmetric set screws 11 of the stoppers are used to fasten and install the stopper 12 at the top of the V-block 5. This design can ensure that the stopper 12 maintains a stable position after installation and is not prone to deviation or loosening. The set screws 11 of the stoppers, as fastening elements, can provide sufficient fastening force to ensure a firm and reliable connection between the stopper 12 and the V-block 5. The set screws 11 and the axial positioning screws 10 can facilitate the installation and adjustment of the stopper 12. This installation method does not require complex operation steps and saves installation time.

[0044] In the above embodiment, preferably: (such as Figure 4 ) A block base 502 is made at the bottom end of the V-block 5 for installing the flat-positioning block 4. The block base 502 is used to increase the overall stability of the tooling. The block base 502 is made with a through base pin hole 503 (such as Figure 2 ), and the guide pin 1 is concentrically installed in the base pin hole 503. The guide pin 1 is concentrically pinned to the positioning block pin hole 402 made on the flat-positioning block 4.

[0045] Among them, the block base 502 is made with a through base pin hole 503 for installing the guide pin 1. This design makes the tooling structure more compact and reduces unnecessary space occupation. The guide pin 1 is concentrically pinned to the positioning block pin hole 402 made on the flat-positioning block 4. This matching method can ensure the position accuracy of the flat-positioning block 4 during installation and prevent it from deviating or shaking. The design of the guide pin 1 also enables the flat-positioning block 4 to maintain a stable movement track during adjustment, further improving the positioning accuracy.

[0046] A sink 403 is made at the bottom end of the flat-positioning block 4, and a spring 3 is installed between the sink 403 and the upper end face of the block base 502.

[0047] Among them, the spring 3 installed between the sink 403 and the upper end face of the block base 502 can play a buffering role and reduce the impact on the positioning accuracy caused by the impact force generated during workpiece clamping or processing.

[0048] A positioning block threaded hole 404 is also made at the bottom end of the flat-positioning block 4. The block base 502 is made with a stepped through hole 504. The stepped through hole 504 and the positioning block threaded hole 404 are concentrically arranged. The positioning block adjustment screw 2 passes through the stepped through hole 504 and then is screwed into the positioning block threaded hole 404 to adjust the height of the flat-positioning block 4.

[0049] Among them, this adjustment method enables the tooling to adapt to workpieces of different sizes and shapes, improving the versatility and flexibility of the tooling. Collaborating with the guide pin 1, the concentric arrangement of the stepped through hole 504 and the positioning block threaded hole 404 ensures the stability of the positioning block adjustment screw 2 during adjustment and prevents it from tilting or deviating.

[0050] In addition, the guide pins 1, springs 3, positioning block adjusting screws 2, stop block set screws 11, washers 7, and pressure plate screws 8 used in the tooling are all standardized components, which are easy to purchase and replace. This design reduces the maintenance cost of the tooling and improves work efficiency. The structural design of the tooling makes it easy to disassemble and assemble the components, facilitating subsequent maintenance and repair work.

[0051] In the above embodiment, further: (as Figure 3 shown) the V-shaped sinking groove 501 is provided with a shoulder sinking groove 5011, and the shoulder sinking groove 5011 is adapted to receive the shoulder 603 of the shaft part 6 to ensure the levelness of the shaft part 6.

[0052] Among them, this embodiment is specifically used to adapt to the shoulder 603 of the shaft part 6, and this precise adaptation relationship can ensure the horizontal and precise positioning of the shaft part 6 during the installation process.

[0053] The present invention also claims a method for using a milling keyway tooling for a shaft keyway and flat position with an angular relationship. Clamping the shaft part 6 with any of the above toolings includes the following steps: At the same time, this usage method is also the clamping working principle of the tooling of the present invention.

[0054] S1. Before clamping, adjust the height of the flat position positioning block 4 by adjusting the positioning block adjusting screw 2, so that the flat position positioning inclined surface 401 of the flat position positioning block 4 is higher than the axis height of the shaft part 6 and ensure the levelness of the shaft part 6.

[0055] Among them, through the fine-tuning function of the positioning block adjusting screw 2, the height position of the flat position positioning block 4 can be accurately controlled. This precise adjustment ability ensures the relative position relationship between the flat position positioning inclined surface 401 and the axis of the shaft part 6, thereby improving the clamping accuracy. After the height position of the flat position positioning block 4 is adjusted, its stability is enhanced, maintaining the stable position of the shaft part 6 during the subsequent processing and preventing displacement caused by vibration or impact. By adjusting the height position of the flat position positioning block 4, the tooling can adapt to shaft parts 6 with different diameters and shapes. This flexibility makes the tooling have a wider application range and improves its versatility. Since the tooling can adapt to shaft parts of different sizes, when replacing parts of different sizes, there is no need to replace the tooling or make complex adjustments, which helps to reduce the changeover time and improve production efficiency.

[0056] S2. Place the shaft part 6 into the V-shaped sinking groove 501.

[0057] S3. Use the stop block set screw 11 to firmly install the stop block 12 at the top of the V-shaped block 5, and realize the axial positioning of the shaft part 6 by adjusting the length of the axial positioning screw 10.

[0058] S4. When clamping, use the pressure plate screw 8 to pass through the U-shaped groove 901 and then screw it into the V-block threaded hole 505 to press down the pressure plate 9 on the shaft part 6. Initially, make the flat part 602 of the shaft part 6 contact with a part of the flat positioning inclined surface 401 of the flat positioning block 4. Continuously rotate the pressure plate screw 8 to gradually press down the pressure plate 9. The tangential force generated by the pressure plate 9 acts on the shaft part 6, causing the shaft part 6 to rotate independently within the V-shaped sunk groove 501 until the flat part 602 of the shaft part 6 rotates to completely fit the flat positioning inclined surface 401 of the flat positioning block 4, automatically completing the circumferential alignment of the shaft part 6.

[0059] Among them, during the process of continuously rotating the pressure plate screw 8 to gradually press down the pressure plate 9, the tangential force generated by the pressure plate 9 acts on the shaft part 6, causing the shaft part 6 to rotate independently. This characteristic of independent rotation enables the shaft part 6 to automatically adjust its position until the flat part 602 of the shaft part 6 completely fits the flat positioning inclined surface 401 of the flat positioning block 4, thus realizing the circumferential automatic alignment of the shaft part 6. This process requires no manual intervention, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of clamping. The automated alignment process reduces the time for manual adjustment and verification, making the entire clamping process more efficient, contributing to enhancing the overall production capacity of the production line and reducing production costs. Through the tight fit between the flat positioning block 4 and the flat part 602 of the shaft part 6, precise circumferential positioning is achieved. This positioning method ensures the position accuracy of the shaft part 6 during the machining process and improves the machining quality.

[0060] S5. Continuously rotate the pressure plate screw 8 to make the pressure plate 9 continue to press down until the generatrix of the shaft part 6 is in tight contact with the V-shaped sunk groove 501, and the shaft part 6 is tightly fixed in the V-shaped sunk groove 501 of the V-block 5, completing the positioning and clamping of the shaft part 6.

[0061] Among them, the tight fit between the generatrix of the shaft part 6 and the V-shaped sunk groove 501 ensures the centering position accuracy of the part during the clamping process. This clamping method is easy to operate. Workers only need to continuously rotate the pressure plate screw 8 to complete the clamping process, reducing the operation difficulty, improving the work efficiency and operation convenience of workers. Precise clamping and positioning reduce the adjustment time during the machining process and improve production efficiency. Precise clamping and positioning help reduce machining errors, improve machining quality, contribute to reducing the scrap rate and rework rate, and reduce production costs. Tight clamping and positioning help prevent the shaft part from falling off or shifting during the machining process, thus reducing the risk of safety accidents.

[0062] In the above embodiments, further: by replacing the flat positioning block 4 of the flat positioning inclined surface 401 with different α inclination angles, the adaptive positioning and clamping of different included angles between the keyway 601 and the flat position 602 of the shaft-like part 6 can be realized; by rotating the adjusting positioning block adjusting screw 2 to adjust the height of the flat positioning block 4, the adaptive positioning and clamping of shaft-like parts 6 with different diameters can be realized; by rotating the adjusting axial positioning screw 10 to adjust the protruding length, the axial adaptive positioning and clamping of shaft-like parts 6 with different axial lengths can be realized.

[0063] Among them, by replacing the flat positioning inclined surface 401 with different α inclination angles, the included angle between different keyways 601 and the flat position 602 on the shaft-like part 6 can be accurately matched. This flexibility ensures that the tooling can adapt to shaft-like parts with a variety of different design requirements, greatly expanding its application range. Whether it is by replacing the flat positioning block 4, adjusting the height of the flat positioning block 4 or adjusting the axial positioning screw 10, high-precision positioning of the shaft-like part 6 can be achieved. This precise positioning helps to reduce errors during the machining process, improve machining quality and product consistency. The adjustment process of the tooling is intuitive and easy to operate. Workers can start without complex training, simplifying the operation process and reducing the requirements for workers' skills. The versatility and flexibility of the tooling reduce the dependence on tooling of different sizes, reduce inventory costs and the frequency of replacing tooling. At the same time, due to the reduction of adjustment time and scrap rate, the production cost is also indirectly reduced.

[0064] It can be found from the above description that: during the clamping of the present invention, the tangential force generated during the pressing process of the pressing plate 9 acts on the shaft-like part 6 to make the shaft-like part 6 rotate independently in the V-shaped sinking groove 501 until the flat position 602 of the shaft-like part 6 rotates to completely fit the flat positioning inclined surface 401 of the flat positioning block 4, and the circumferential alignment of the shaft-like part 6 is automatically completed. The clamping is convenient and does not require the use of a dividing head for alignment, which can greatly reduce the machining difficulty and improve the machining efficiency.

[0065] In the present invention, the stop block 12 and the axial positioning screw 10 are used in cooperation to ensure the axial positioning of the shaft-like part 6; the flat positioning block 4, the spring 3, the guide pin 1, and the positioning block adjusting screw 2 work together to ensure the angular positional relationship between the keyway 601 and the flat position 602 of the shaft-like part 6; the pressing plate 9, the pressing plate screw 8, and the gasket 7 work together to ensure the pressing of the workpiece to prevent the workpiece from displacing; the present invention realizes the axial and circumferential positioning of the shaft-like part 6 product. The tooling structure is simple and compact, small in size, easy to implement, and economical and practical.

[0066] The present invention realizes the adaptive positioning and clamping of different included angles between the keyways 601 and the flats 602 of the shaft parts 6 by replacing the flat positioning blocks 4 of the flat positioning inclined planes 401 with different α inclination angles; realizes the adaptive positioning and clamping of shaft parts 6 with different diameters by rotating the adjusting positioning block adjusting screw 2 to adjust the height of the flat positioning block 4; realizes the axial adaptive positioning and clamping of shaft parts 6 with different axial lengths by rotating the extending length of the adjusting axial positioning screw 10, and has strong universality.

[0067] The V-shaped block 5 of the present invention realizes the self-centering of the shaft part 6, and the flat positioning block 4 realizes the quick and simple positioning of the relative positions of the flat 602 and the keyway 601 of the shaft part 6, avoiding the problem that the bottom of the keyway 601 is not parallel to the cylindrical diameter of the shaft part 6 due to the eccentricity of the center of the flat 602 when processing such products. It can realize the axial positioning and circumferential positioning of the shaft part at the same time, and can realize the quick positioning of the machining of the keyway 601 of the shaft part 6 with a flat 602 and having an angular relationship requirement with the flat 602. When processing such products, the time for the operator to align the workpiece angle is saved, and the processing efficiency is improved.

[0068] In summary, the present invention solves the technical problem of low machining efficiency of milling keyways with an angular relationship between the keyways and flats of shaft parts using a three-axis machining center. It has a simple and compact structure, is economical and practical, convenient for clamping, reduces the machining difficulty, improves the machining efficiency, has strong universality, and is suitable for popularization.

[0069] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications and equivalent replacements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A milling keyway tooling for a shaft with an angular relationship between a keyway and a flat position, characterized in that: There is a V-block (5), with a stop block (12) installed at one end of the V-shaped groove (501) of the V-block (5), and a flat-position locating block (4) installed at the other end; the stop block (12) rotatably installs an axial positioning screw (10), and the axial positioning screw (10) presses against the end face of the shaft-like part (6) to perform axial positioning of shaft-like parts (6) with different lengths; on the upper end face of the flat-position locating block (4), there is a flat-position locating inclined surface (401), and the inclination angle α of the flat-position locating inclined surface (401) is equal to the included angle between the keyway (601) and the flat position (602) of the shaft-like part (6), and the flat-position locating inclined surface (401) is in surface contact and fits with the flat position (602) of the shaft-like part (6); the V-block (5) installs a pressing plate (9), and the pressing plate (9) presses down the shaft-like part (6) and presses and fixes the shaft-like part (6) to the V-block (5).

2. The tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The V-block (5) is provided with two axially symmetric V-shaped grooves (501), and the V-shaped grooves (501) are used to install two shaft-like parts (6) side by side, and the two shaft-like parts (6) are pressed by one pressing plate (9).

3. The tooling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pressing plate (9) is provided with a U-shaped groove (901), and the pressing plate screw (8) and the gasket (7) are used to screw into the threaded hole (505) of the V-block to fasten the pressing plate (9) and the V-block (5) into one body.

4. The tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stop block (12) uses a pair of axially symmetric stop block set screws (11) to fasten and install the stop block (12) at the top of the V-block (5); the axial positioning screw (10) is installed at the center of the stop block (12).

5. The tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the bottom end of the V-block (5) where the flat-position locating block (4) is installed, there is a block base (502), and the block base (502) is provided with a through base pin hole (503). A guide pin (1) is installed concentrically in the base pin hole (503), and the guide pin (1) is concentrically pin-connected to the locating block pin hole (402) made on the flat-position locating block (4). A spring (3) is installed between the bottom end of the flat-position locating block (4) and the upper end face of the block base (502); at the bottom end of the flat-position locating block (4), there is also a locating block threaded hole (404), and the block base (502) is provided with a stepped through hole (504). The stepped through hole (504) and the locating block threaded hole (404) are concentrically arranged. The locating block adjusting screw (2) passes through the stepped through hole (504) and then screws into the locating block threaded hole (404) to adjust the height of the flat-position locating block (4).

6. The tooling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The V-shaped groove (501) is provided with a shaft shoulder groove (5011), and the shaft shoulder groove (5011) is adapted to receive the shaft shoulder (603) of the shaft-like part (6) to ensure the levelness of the shaft-like part (6).

7. A method of using a milling keyway tooling for a shaft with an angular relationship between a keyway and a flat position, characterized in that, Using the tooling for clamping the shaft-like part (6) as described in any one of claims 1-6, includes the following steps: S1. Before clamping, adjust the height of the flat-position locating block (4) by adjusting the locating block adjusting screw (2), so that the flat-position locating inclined surface (401) of the flat-position locating block (4) is higher than the axis height of the shaft-like part (6), and ensure the levelness of the shaft-like part (6); S2. Place the shaft-like part (6) into the V-shaped sinking groove (501); S3. Use the stop set screw (11) to firmly install the stop block (12) at the top of the V-block (5). By adjusting the length of the axial positioning screw (10), the axial positioning of the shaft-like part (6) is achieved; S4. During clamping, pass the pressing plate screw (8) through the U-shaped groove (901) and then screw it into the V-block threaded hole (505) to press down the pressing plate (9) on the shaft-like part (6). Initially, make the flat position (602) of the shaft-like part (6) partially contact the flat position locating block (4). Continuously rotate the pressing plate screw (8) to gradually press down the pressing plate (9). The tangential force generated by the pressing plate (9) acts on the shaft-like part (6) to make the shaft-like part (6) rotate autonomously in the V-shaped sinking groove (501). Until the flat position (602) of the shaft-like part (6) rotates to completely fit the flat position locating slope (401) of the flat position locating block (4), the circumferential alignment of the shaft-like part (6) is automatically completed; S5. Continuously rotate the pressing plate screw (8) to make the pressing plate (9) continue to press down until the generatrix of the shaft-like part (6) is closely attached to the V-shaped sinking groove (501). The shaft-like part (6) is pressed and fixed in the V-shaped sinking groove (501) of the V-block (5), and the positioning and clamping of the shaft-like part (6) are completed.

8. The use method according to claim 7, characterized in that: By replacing the flat position locating block (4) with a flat position locating slope (401) of different α inclination angles, the adaptive positioning and clamping of different keyways (601) and flat positions (602) of the shaft-like part (6) are achieved; by rotating the adjusting positioning block adjusting screw (2) to adjust the height of the flat position locating block (4), the adaptive positioning and clamping of shaft-like parts (6) with different diameters are achieved; by rotating the adjusting axial positioning screw (10) to adjust the extended length, the axial adaptive positioning and clamping of shaft-like parts (6) with different axial lengths are achieved.

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