Battery management system, control method and vehicle with battery management system

Abstract

The invention provides a battery management system, a control method and a vehicle with the battery management system. The slave control module is electrically connected with the battery pack, the slave control module is used for periodically acquiring a plurality of battery cell state parameters of the battery pack, and the battery cell state parameters at least comprise battery cell real-time temperature data, battery cell real-time current and battery cell real-time voltage; the display module is used for displaying the charge state of the battery pack; and the master control module is electrically connected with the slave control module and the display module, and the master control module is used for controlling the display module to display a target charge state based on the battery cell state parameters. Through close cooperation of the slave control module, the master control module and the display module, accurate control of the state of charge under the large-current charging and discharging condition is realized, and the problem of inaccuracy of state of charge estimation under the traditional large-current charging and discharging condition in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy batteries, and in particular, to a battery management system, a control method, and a vehicle having the same. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles and energy storage devices, the battery system is facing increasingly severe high-power charge and discharge requirements. Especially in heavy industrial equipment, such as range-extended mining trucks, the battery system must provide sufficient power support while ensuring safety. However, high-power charge and discharge operations pose a huge challenge to the precise control of the state of charge (SOC) of the battery. Especially in scenarios that require high-power output, such as range-extended mining trucks, traditional SOC estimation methods rely on the direct relationship between the open-circuit voltage (OCV) of the battery cell and the SOC. However, under high-current conditions, the rapid dynamic change of the cell voltage will lead to inaccurate SOC estimation, which in turn causes the driver or system operator to be unable to make decisions based on the SOC data, resulting in problems such as overuse or insufficient reserve of the battery due to inaccurate SOC estimation.

[0003] In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main object of the present invention is to provide a battery management system, a control method, and a vehicle having the same, so as to solve the problem of inaccurate SOC estimation under traditional high-current charge and discharge conditions in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery management system, including: a battery pack; a slave control module electrically connected to the battery pack, the slave control module being configured to periodically obtain a plurality of cell state parameters of the battery pack, wherein the cell state parameters at least include: real-time cell temperature data, real-time cell current, and real-time cell voltage; a display module configured to display the state of charge of the battery pack; and a master control module electrically connected to the slave control module and the display module respectively, the master control module being configured to control the display module to display a target state of charge based on the cell state parameters.

[0006] Further, the battery pack includes: a battery box body having an installation cavity extending along a first preset direction; a liquid cooling plate disposed at the bottom of the installation cavity and communicating with a liquid cooling unit; a plurality of battery modules disposed in the installation cavity, the plurality of battery modules being arranged in an array on the top of the liquid cooling plate; a heating plate, at least a part of the heating plate being respectively connected to the sides of the plurality of battery modules, a heating module, the heating plate being electrically connected to the heating module, and the heating module being electrically connected to the master control module.

[0007] Further, there are multiple liquid cooling plates, and the multiple liquid cooling plates are arranged in an array at the bottom of the installation cavity. The top of each liquid cooling plate is connected to at least one battery module through a heat-conducting adhesive.

[0008] Further, the battery pack further includes: a main liquid cooling pipeline, which is provided with a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end, and multiple branch connection ends are arranged on the side of the main liquid cooling pipeline. Each of the multiple liquid cooling plates is respectively provided with a liquid cooling channel, and each branch connection end is communicated with at least two liquid cooling channels.

[0009] Further, the inner diameter of the main liquid cooling pipeline is D, and the inner diameter of the branch connection end is d, where D > nd and n ≥ 1.

[0010] Further, the battery module includes: a plurality of battery cells, which are arranged in sequence along a first preset direction; a plurality of connection bars, each of which connects two adjacent battery cells together; wherein, the plurality of battery cells, the liquid cooling plate and the heating plate are respectively electrically connected to the slave control module through a collecting plate. The slave control module is further configured to periodically obtain the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data of the liquid cooling plate, and the slave control module is configured to periodically obtain the real-time plate body temperature data of the heating plate. The master control module is further configured to control the liquid cooling unit to be in a target liquid cooling working mode based on the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data and the real-time plate body temperature data obtained by the slave control module, and the master control module controls the heating module to be in a target heating working mode.

[0011] Further, the connection bar includes: a first connection section, at least a part of the first connection section is connected to the tab of one of the two adjacent battery cells; a second connection section, at least a part of the second connection section is connected to the tab of the other of the two adjacent battery cells; an arc connection section, which connects the first connection section and the second connection section together; wherein, welding grooves are arranged on the outer sides of the first connection section and the second connection section, and the welding grooves correspond to the connection positions of the tabs.

[0012] Further, the battery module further includes: a limiting plate, and at least a part of the limiting plate is connected to the plurality of battery cells respectively.

[0013] Further, the battery pack further includes: a heat preservation plate, and at least a part of the heat preservation plate is attached to the outer side of the battery box.

[0014] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a control method for a battery management system, which is used to control the above-mentioned battery management system. The control method includes: in response to the working signal of the vehicle body integrated control module, obtaining the battery cell state parameters, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data and the real-time plate body temperature data periodically obtained by the slave control module; determining an adjustment mode based on the battery cell state parameters, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data and the real-time plate body temperature data, and the adjustment mode includes a temperature adjustment mode and a state of charge adjustment mode;

[0015] Based on the adjustment mode, a control instruction set is generated. The control instruction set is used to control the target object to be in the target working mode. The target object includes: a display module, a liquid cooling unit, and a heating module. The target working mode includes: displaying the target state of charge, the target liquid cooling working mode, and the target heating working mode.

[0016] Furthermore, based on the cell state parameters, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and the real-time board temperature data, the adjustment mode is determined, including: based on the cell state parameters, the power conversion mode is determined. The power conversion mode includes: the charging mode and the discharging mode; based on the power conversion mode, the state of charge adjustment mode is determined. The state of charge adjustment mode includes: the static calibration mode, the dynamic calibration mode, the charging end calibration mode, and the discharging end calibration mode.

[0017] Furthermore, based on the power conversion mode, the state of charge adjustment mode is determined, including: when the power conversion mode is the discharging mode, based on the preset under-voltage, the real-time voltage of the cell is judged to obtain the first judgment result; in response to the first judgment result that the real-time voltage of the cell is greater than or equal to the preset under-voltage, the state of charge adjustment mode is determined to be the discharging end calibration mode. The static calibration mode includes: executing the battery pack power limit mode. After a first preset time, based on the open-circuit voltage database and the real-time voltage of the cell, the first state of charge data is determined.

[0018] Furthermore, based on the adjustment mode, a control instruction set is generated, including: when the adjustment mode is the discharging end calibration mode, the seventh control instruction in the control instruction set is generated. The seventh control instruction is used to control the display module to display the first state of charge data.

[0019] Furthermore, based on the power conversion mode, the state of charge adjustment mode is determined, including: when the power conversion mode is the charging mode, based on the preset full-charge voltage, the real-time voltage of the cell is judged to obtain the second judgment result; in response to the second judgment result that the real-time voltage of the cell is greater than or equal to the preset full-charge voltage, the state of charge adjustment mode is determined to be the charging end calibration mode. The discharging end calibration mode includes: based on the open-circuit voltage database, according to the real-time temperature data of the cell, the real-time current of the cell, and the real-time voltage of the cell, the full-charge time of the state of charge and the preset voltage arrival time are determined; based on the full-charge time of the state of charge and the preset voltage arrival time, the second state of charge data is determined.

[0020] Further, based on the electric energy conversion mode, when the second judgment result is that the real-time voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the preset full charge voltage, it includes: based on the static current, judging the real-time current of the battery cell to determine the third judgment result; in response to the third judgment result that the real-time current of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the static current, judging that the state of charge adjustment mode is the static calibration mode, and the static calibration mode includes: after a second preset time, determining the third state of charge data based on the open circuit voltage database and the real-time voltage of the battery cell; in response to the third judgment result that the real-time current of the battery cell is less than the static current, judging that the state of charge adjustment mode is the dynamic calibration mode, and the dynamic calibration mode includes: based on the real-time voltage of the battery cell, using the weighted calculation method to obtain the average single battery cell voltage; obtaining the time when the state of charge increases by a preset value, and based on the real-time current of the battery cell and the time when the state of charge increases by a preset value, using the ampere-hour integration method to obtain the fourth state of charge data; based on the average single battery cell voltage and the open circuit voltage database, determining the fifth state of charge data; based on the fifth state of charge data, the preset value and the fourth state of charge data, determining the sixth state of charge data.

[0021] Further, based on the adjustment mode, generating a control instruction set, including: based on the state of charge adjustment mode being the charging end calibration mode, generating the eighth control instruction in the control instruction set, and the eighth control instruction is used to control the display module to execute the display of the second state of charge data; based on the state of charge adjustment mode being the static calibration mode, generating the ninth control instruction in the control instruction set, and the ninth control instruction is used to control the display module to execute the display of the third state of charge data; based on the state of charge adjustment mode being the dynamic calibration mode, generating the tenth control instruction in the control instruction set, and the ninth control instruction is used to control the display module to execute the display of the sixth state of charge data.

[0022] Further, based on the battery cell state parameters, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data and the real-time board temperature data, determining the adjustment mode, including: based on the multiple real-time battery cell temperature data, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data and the real-time board temperature data, determining the temperature state, and the temperature state includes: high temperature warning state, temperature difference exceeding limit state and low temperature warning state; based on the temperature state, determining the temperature adjustment mode, and the adjustment mode includes: high temperature adjustment mode, temperature difference adjustment mode and low temperature adjustment mode.

[0023] Further, based on the adjustment mode, a control instruction set is generated, including: when the adjustment mode is the high-temperature adjustment mode, a first control instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the first control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the first target liquid cooling working mode; when the adjustment mode is the temperature difference adjustment mode, a second control instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the first control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the second target liquid cooling working mode; when the adjustment mode is the low-temperature adjustment mode, a third control instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the third control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the third target liquid cooling working mode, and the third control instruction is used to control the heating module to execute the first target heating working mode.

[0024] Further, after generating the third control instruction in the control instruction set based on the adjustment mode being the low-temperature adjustment mode, it further includes: obtaining the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data and the real-time plate body temperature data periodically obtained by the slave control module; determining the heat transfer medium temperature rise data based on the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data; determining the plate body temperature rise data based on the real-time plate body temperature data; making a judgment based on the heat transfer medium temperature rise data and the plate body temperature rise data to determine the first judgment result; in response to the first judgment result that the heat transfer medium temperature rise data is less than or equal to the plate body temperature rise data, a sixth control instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the sixth control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the fifth target liquid cooling working mode.

[0025] Further, when the first judgment result is that the heat transfer medium temperature rise data is greater than the plate body temperature rise data, it includes: making judgments on the heat transfer medium temperature rise data and the plate body temperature rise data respectively based on the allowable temperature rise for cell heating to determine the second judgment result; in response to the second judgment result that the heat transfer medium temperature rise data is greater than the allowable temperature rise for cell heating, a fourth control instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the fourth control instruction is used to control the heating module to execute the second target heating working mode; in response to the second judgment result that the plate body temperature rise data is greater than the allowable temperature rise for cell heating, a fifth control instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the fifth control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the fourth target liquid cooling working mode.

[0026] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a vehicle is further provided, including a battery management system, and the battery management system is the above-mentioned battery management system.

[0027] Applying the technical solution of the present invention, through the close cooperation of the slave control module, the master control module and the display module, the accurate control of the state of charge under large current charge and discharge conditions is realized, which not only improves the battery performance, but also significantly enhances the safety and efficiency of the system, provides key technical support for the operation of high-performance battery systems, and solves the problem of inaccurate estimation of the state of charge under traditional large current charge and discharge conditions in the prior art. Description of the Drawings

[0028] The accompanying drawings of the specification, which form a part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a battery management system according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a battery module in a battery management system according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a battery module in a battery management system according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 shows a flowchart of a first embodiment of a control method of a battery management system in a battery management system according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 shows a flowchart of a first embodiment of a control method of a battery management system in a battery management system according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 shows a flowchart of a second embodiment of a control method of a battery management system in a battery management system according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 shows a block diagram of the structure of a control device of a battery management system in a battery management system according to the present invention.

[0036] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0037] 10, battery box;

[0038] 20, battery module;

[0039] 21, connection row;

[0040] 22, battery cell;

[0041] 23, limiting plate;

[0042] 24, acquisition board;

[0043] 211, first connection segment;

[0044] 212, arc connection segment;

[0045] 213, second connection segment;

[0046] 221, tab;

[0047] 30. Slave control module;

[0048] 40. Heating plate;

[0049] 50. Heat preservation plate;

[0050] 60. Liquid cooling plate;

[0051] 61. Thermal conductive adhesive;

[0052] 62. Liquid cooling channel. Detailed implementation mode

[0053] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0054] It should be noted that the terms used here are only for describing the specific implementation mode and are not intended to limit the exemplary implementation mode according to the present application. As used here, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "comprise" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or their combinations.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and do not have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application described here can be implemented in an order different from those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0056] Now, the exemplary implementation mode according to the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. However, these exemplary implementation modes can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited only to the implementation modes set forth here. It should be understood that these implementation modes are provided to make the disclosure of the present application thorough and complete and to fully convey the concept of these exemplary implementation modes to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be enlarged, and the same reference numerals are used to denote the same devices, and thus their descriptions will be omitted.

[0057] With the widespread adoption of green energy globally, electric vehicles and energy storage devices have become important forces driving sustainable transportation and energy transformation. The progress of these technologies is not only reflected in the increased driving range and faster charging speed but also in the adaptability to higher power requirements of battery systems. This is particularly prominent in application scenarios such as extended-range mining trucks, which are heavy industrial equipment.

[0058] Heavy equipment, such as mining trucks, due to their huge load capacity and high-intensity work tasks, pose extremely high power output requirements for battery systems. For example, when a mining truck is loading and transporting a large amount of ore, it requires the battery system to provide high power output to drive a powerful electric motor. At the same time, to reduce overall energy consumption and improve efficiency, the battery system needs to be able to charge quickly under light-load or no-load conditions so as to recover sufficient energy within a short time.

[0059] In this context, the precise control of the state of charge (SOC) of the battery system becomes crucial. The SOC not only directly affects the available energy of the vehicle or energy storage device but is also a key parameter determining the health state and lifespan of the battery. However, traditional SOC estimation methods mainly rely on the direct relationship between the open-circuit voltage (OCV) of the battery cell and the SOC for estimation. This method performs well under low-power and stable charge-discharge conditions, but its limitations gradually become apparent under high-current conditions.

[0060] In a high-power charge-discharge environment, the voltage of the battery cell undergoes rapid dynamic changes. This is because high-current charge-discharge can cause the internal chemical reactions of the battery to accelerate, resulting in a drastic fluctuation of the cell voltage within a short time. This non-linear relationship between the dynamic change of the voltage and the true SOC of the cell makes it difficult for the traditional SOC estimation method based on the open-circuit voltage to capture and accurately reflect the actual charge-discharge state of the cell.

[0061] The inaccuracy of SOC estimation directly leads to decision-making errors under high-current charge-discharge conditions. For example, during the discharge process, if the SOC is estimated too high, the driver may be overly confident in the remaining driving distance of the vehicle and thus still operate at high power when the battery power is actually close to depletion, ultimately resulting in over-discharge of the battery, causing a decline in battery performance or even damage. On the contrary, if the SOC is estimated too low, it may lead the driver to take conservative measures prematurely, such as restricting high-power operations or charging in advance, thus causing insufficient reserve of battery power and wasting the potential energy output capacity of the battery.

[0062] Therefore, achieving precise control of the state of charge under high-power charge and discharge conditions is the key to ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the battery system. Only by accurately mastering the state of charge can we reasonably plan the charge and discharge strategies of the battery, avoid the problems mentioned above, maximize the use of the battery's storage capacity, extend the battery life, reduce maintenance costs, and improve the overall economic efficiency. For heavy industrial equipment such as range-extended mining trucks, this means being able to allocate energy more effectively, improve operation efficiency, reduce downtime caused by improper battery management, and ensure the continuity and reliability of operations.

[0063] Facing the high-power charge and discharge requirements, the precise control of the state of charge of the battery system has become more important than ever. Traditional estimation methods relying on the open-circuit voltage-state of charge relationship are inadequate under high-current conditions, easily leading to distorted state of charge estimation, which in turn affects the decision-making process and energy management of the entire system. Therefore, developing a new state of charge calibration strategy suitable for high-current charge and discharge conditions has become a key technology and research direction for achieving the optimal operation of the battery system. This not only concerns the performance and life of the battery, but also is the cornerstone for promoting the more efficient and safer electrification transformation of heavy industrial equipment.

[0064] Combined Figure 1 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present application, a transient injection flow rate test system is provided, including: a battery management system, including: a battery pack, a slave control module 30, a display module, and a master control module. The slave control module 30 is electrically connected to the battery pack. The slave control module 30 is used to periodically obtain multiple cell state parameters of the battery pack. Among them, the cell state parameters at least include: real-time cell temperature data, real-time cell current, and real-time cell voltage. The display module is used to display the state of charge of the battery pack. The master control module is electrically connected to the slave control module 30 and the display module respectively. The master control module is used to control the display module to display the target state of charge based on the cell state parameters.

[0065] Applying the technical solution of this embodiment, through the close cooperation of the slave control module, the master control module, and the display module, precise control of the state of charge under high-current charge and discharge conditions is achieved, which not only improves the battery performance, but also significantly enhances the safety and efficiency of the system, provides key technical support for the operation of high-performance battery systems, and solves the problem of inaccurate state of charge estimation under traditional high-current charge and discharge conditions in the prior art.

[0066] Further, the battery pack includes: a battery box body 10, a liquid cooling plate 60, a plurality of battery modules 20, a heating plate 40, and a heating module. The battery box body 10 has an installation cavity which extends along a first preset direction. The liquid cooling plate 60 is arranged at the bottom of the installation cavity and is communicated with a liquid cooling unit. The plurality of battery modules 20 are arranged in the installation cavity, and the plurality of battery modules 20 are arranged in an array on the top of the liquid cooling plate 60. At least part of the heating plates 40 are respectively connected to the sides of the plurality of battery modules 20. The heating plate 40 is electrically connected to the heating module, and the heating module is electrically connected to the main control module.

[0067] In this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 60 is located at the bottom of the installation cavity and is in direct contact with the battery module 20, ensuring an efficient heat conduction path, which is beneficial to rapid heat dissipation, preventing the battery from overheating during high-power charging and discharging, and affecting the battery performance and service life. The heating plate 40 is connected to the sides of the plurality of battery modules 20, enabling targeted heating. Especially in a low-temperature environment, through the precise heating of the heating plate 40, the activation of the battery active material is effectively promoted, and the charging and discharging efficiency and safety of the battery in a low-temperature environment are improved. Through the electrical connection between the heating module and the main control module, seamless integration of the temperature and state of charge calibration strategy can be achieved. The main control module can dynamically adjust the estimation method of the state of charge according to the real-time temperature information of the battery module 20. Especially during high-current charging and discharging, the calibration strategy based on temperature can effectively compensate for the delay effect of voltage measurement and improve the accuracy of state of charge estimation. Under high-rate charging and discharging conditions, precise control of the state of charge is crucial for the long-term health and performance of the battery. This design realizes refined management of the battery state by combining temperature control and state of charge calibration, avoiding overcharging or over-discharging caused by estimation deviation of the state of charge, thereby extending the service life of the battery and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0068] In an exemplary embodiment, there are a plurality of liquid cooling plates 60, and the plurality of liquid cooling plates 60 are arranged in an array at the bottom of the installation cavity. The top of each liquid cooling plate 60 is connected to at least one battery module 20 through a thermal conductive adhesive 61. The array arrangement of the liquid cooling plates 60 increases the contact surface area with the battery module 20, thereby improving the heat conduction efficiency. This layout ensures that each battery module can obtain direct cooling, contributing to rapid heat dissipation, maintaining the temperature stability of the battery during high-rate charging and discharging, preventing local overheating, and thus protecting the battery performance and extending its service life. The use of the thermal conductive adhesive 61 further enhances the thermal coupling between the battery module 20 and the liquid cooling plate 60, ensuring good thermal contact between the two, reducing the thermal resistance, and improving the heat exchange efficiency. Especially when the battery operates at high power, the thermal conductive adhesive 61 can conduct heat quickly, realizing uniform cooling of the battery module and avoiding battery performance differences and shortened service life caused by uneven heat.

[0069] In this embodiment, the battery pack further includes: a main liquid cooling pipeline, which is provided with a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end, and a plurality of branch connection ends are arranged on the side surface of the main liquid cooling pipeline. Each of the plurality of liquid cooling plates 60 is provided with a liquid cooling channel 62, and each branch connection end communicates with at least two liquid cooling channels 62. The design of the main liquid cooling pipeline and the plurality of branch connection ends forms a distributed liquid cooling network, which can more evenly deliver the cooling medium to each liquid cooling plate 60 in the battery pack, ensuring the comprehensive cooling of the battery module 20. This efficient heat exchange mechanism can quickly remove the heat generated by the battery during high-power charging and discharging, preventing the battery from overheating and ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the battery. Through the connection between the main liquid cooling pipeline and the branch connection ends, the system can intelligently adjust the flow distribution of the cooling medium according to the specific heat dissipation requirements of each liquid cooling plate 60. This means that even when the internal heat load distribution of the battery pack is uneven, accurate temperature control can be achieved, avoiding the decline of battery performance caused by uneven cooling.

[0070] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the main liquid cooling pipeline is D, and the inner diameter of the branch connection end is d, where D > nd and n ≥ 1. By setting the inner diameter D of the main liquid cooling pipeline to be much larger than the inner diameter d of the branch connection end, it is ensured that the cooling medium in the main pipeline has a larger flow space and lower flow resistance, so that it can carry a higher flow rate. During high-power charging and discharging of the battery, this characteristic ensures fast and efficient heat exchange, preventing the rapid increase of the battery temperature and ensuring the stability and safety of the battery system.

[0071] As Figure 2 shown, the battery module 20 includes: battery cells 22 and connection bars 21. There are a plurality of battery cells 22, and the plurality of battery cells 22 are arranged in sequence along a first preset direction. There are a plurality of connection bars 21, and each connection bar 21 connects two adjacent battery cells 22 together. Among them, the plurality of battery cells 22, the liquid cooling plates 60, and the heating plates 40 are respectively electrically connected to the slave control module 30 through the acquisition board 24. The slave control module 30 is further used to periodically obtain the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data of the liquid cooling plates 60, and the slave control module 30 is used to periodically obtain the real-time plate body temperature data of the heating plates 40. The master control module is further used to control the liquid cooling unit to be in the target liquid cooling working mode based on the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data and the real-time plate body temperature data obtained by the slave control module 30, and the master control module controls the heating module to be in the target heating working mode.

[0072] Applying the technical solution of this embodiment, by periodically obtaining the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data of the liquid cooling plate 60 and the real-time plate body temperature data of the heating plate 40 from the slave control module 30, the system can immediately respond to the temperature changes around the battery cell 22, and this characteristic is particularly important for maintaining the stability of the battery under high-power charge and discharge conditions. The master control module can intelligently adjust the working mode of the liquid cooling unit and the heating state of the heating module based on the real-time temperature data provided by the slave control module 30, ensuring that the battery cell 22 is always within the optimal working temperature range, thereby improving the energy output capacity and charge and discharge efficiency of the battery. The temperature difference between battery cells will lead to a decrease in battery consistency, which in turn affects the battery life. Through the temperature monitoring and control of the liquid cooling plate and the heating plate, the temperature balance inside the battery module is achieved, greatly reducing the temperature gradient between battery cells and effectively extending the battery life.

[0073] The master control module can not only adjust the cooling and heating modes of the battery pack based on the temperature data, but also optimize the estimation of the state of charge in combination with the real-time state of the battery cells. In the context of high-power charge and discharge, this state-of-charge calibration strategy based on real-time temperature can more accurately predict the remaining capacity of the battery, avoid overcharging and over-discharging of the battery, thereby saving energy and improving system efficiency. The system has the ability to adjust the liquid cooling and heating operations according to the real-time temperature of the battery, which not only improves the response speed, but also can automatically adjust the most suitable temperature control strategy according to the changes in the battery working environment, ensuring that the battery can maintain the best performance under various working conditions.

[0074] As Figure 3 shown, the connection bar 21 includes: a first connection section 211, a second connection section 213, and an arc-shaped connection section 212. At least a part of the first connection section 211 is connected to the tab 221 of one of the two adjacent battery cells 22, and at least a part of the second connection section 213 is connected to the tab 221 of the other of the two adjacent battery cells 22. The arc-shaped connection section 212 connects the first connection section 211 and the second connection section 213 together. Among them, welding grooves are provided on the outer sides of the first connection section 211 and the second connection section 213, and the welding grooves correspond to the connection positions of the tabs 221.

[0075] Applying the technical solution of this embodiment, through the connection between the first connection segment 211 and one tab 221 of the battery cell 22, and the connection between the second connection segment 213 and the other tab, and then smoothly connecting the two via the arc-shaped connection segment 212, this design ensures the uniform distribution of current between the battery cells, reduces local overheating, and improves the overall thermal stability and safety of the battery module. Welding grooves are provided on the outer sides of the first connection segment 211 and the second connection segment 213, corresponding to the connection positions of the battery cell tabs. This innovative design simplifies the welding process, improves the welding quality and connection reliability. The use of the welding grooves ensures that even when high current passes through, the welding points between the connection bar and the battery cell tabs will not overheat, avoiding the risk of solder joint melting or loosening, thereby enhancing the overall stability of the battery module.

[0076] In an exemplary embodiment, the battery module 20 further includes: a limiting plate 23, and at least part of the limiting plate 23 is connected to a plurality of battery cells 22 respectively. The limiting plate 23 can provide physical restraint for the battery cells, preventing the battery cells from shifting or colliding due to vibration or impact inside the battery module, which is crucial for protecting the battery cells from physical damage. In application scenarios such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems, the battery pack often faces complex mechanical movements, and the addition of the limiting plate significantly reduces the degradation of battery cell performance and safety hazards caused by physical effects.

[0077] In an exemplary embodiment, the battery pack further includes: a heat preservation plate 50, and at least part of the heat preservation plate 50 is attached to the outer side of the battery box 10. The heat preservation plate 50 can effectively isolate the influence of external temperature changes on the battery cells inside the battery box 10. Especially in extreme climate conditions, such as severe cold or heat, the role of the heat preservation plate is more prominent. It helps to maintain the relative stability of the temperature inside the battery pack by reducing the intrusion of external temperature, thereby avoiding the degradation of battery performance due to drastic changes in external temperature.

[0078] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method embodiment of a control method for a battery management system is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here.

[0079] The method embodiments can be executed in an electronic device including a memory and a processor or a similar computing device. Taking running on a controller as an example, the controller may include one or more processors (the processors may include, but are not limited to, a processing device such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), a Digital Signal Processing (DSP) chip, a Micro Controller Unit (MCU), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Neural-network Processor Unit (NPU), a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), an Artificial Intelligence (AI) type processor, etc.) and a memory for storing data. Optionally, the above-mentioned controller may further include a transmission device, an input / output device, and a display device for communication functions. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the above structural description is only illustrative and does not limit the structure of the above-mentioned controller. For example, the controller may further include more or fewer components than the above structural description, or have a different configuration from the above structural description.

[0080] The memory can be used to store computer programs. For example, software programs and modules of application software, such as the computer program corresponding to the control method of the battery management system in the embodiments of the present invention. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory, that is, implements the above-mentioned control method of the battery management system. The memory may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, a flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memories. In some instances, the memory may further include a memory remotely set relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to the mobile terminal through a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an enterprise intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0081] The transmission device is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the above network may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of a mobile terminal. In one example, the transmission device includes a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, abbreviated as NIC), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device may be a Radio Frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0082] The display device can be, for example, a touch-screen liquid crystal display (Liquid Crustal Display, LCD) and a touch display (also referred to as a "touch screen" or "touch display screen"). The liquid crystal display enables a user to interact with the user interface of the mobile terminal. In some embodiments, the above mobile terminal has a Graphical User Interface (GUI), and the user can perform human-computer interaction with the GUI through finger contacts and / or gestures on the touch-sensitive surface. The human-computer interaction function optionally includes the following interactions: creating web pages, drawing, word processing, creating electronic documents, games, video conferencing, instant messaging, sending and receiving emails, call interfaces, playing digital videos, playing digital music, and / or web browsing, etc. The executable instructions for performing the above human-computer interaction functions are configured / stored in a computer program product or a readable storage medium executable by one or more processors.

[0083] According to another specific embodiment of the present application, as Figure 4 shown, a control method for a battery management system is also provided for controlling the above battery management system. The control method includes:

[0084] S110, in response to the body integrated control module working signal, obtain the cell state parameters, real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and real-time board temperature data periodically acquired by the slave module;

[0085] In step S110, the vehicle body integrated control module (VCU), as the "brain" of the vehicle, is responsible for processing information from various vehicle sensors and control units. When the vehicle starts, drives, or charges, the VCU analyzes relevant driving behaviors, vehicle requirements, and external environmental conditions to form corresponding working signals. These signals contain specific instructions that the battery system needs to respond to, such as energy output requirements, charging requests, temperature regulation requirements, etc. Through signal transmission and data interaction between the VCU and the BMS, the entire vehicle system can coordinate driving requirements, energy management, and safety control according to the real-time battery state and external environmental conditions, forming an efficient, safe, and intelligent operation platform to provide stable and reliable battery power support for users. The cell state parameters, real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and real-time board temperature data collected by the slave control module will be reported to the master control module in real-time or periodically. The master control module makes decisions based on this information and adjusts the working state of the battery system, such as controlling the coolant temperature and flow rate of the liquid cooling unit, adjusting the heating power of the heating module, and even adjusting the battery charge and discharge strategy to ensure that the battery system can maintain the best state in various working environments.

[0086] S120. Based on the cell state parameters, real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and real-time board temperature data, determine the adjustment mode. The adjustment mode includes a temperature adjustment mode and a state of charge adjustment mode.

[0087] In step S120, the state of charge adjustment method is as Figure 5 shown. Based on the cell state parameters (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.), determine whether the battery system is currently in a charging mode or a discharging mode. This judgment is the key to subsequent state of charge adjustment.

[0088] When the power conversion mode is determined to be the discharging mode, the system further judges whether the real-time voltage of the cell is lower than or equal to this threshold based on a preset under-voltage value as the first judgment result.

[0089] In response to the first judgment result: If the real-time voltage of the cell is greater than or equal to the under-voltage value, it indicates approaching the end of discharge. At this time, the system automatically switches to the end-of-discharge calibration mode, performs limited-power discharge of the battery pack, and after a continuous period of time (the first preset time), compares the open-circuit voltage database with the current real-time voltage of the cell to determine more accurate first state of charge data.

[0090] When the power conversion mode is the charging mode, the system determines whether the real-time voltage of the cell reaches or exceeds this value based on a preset full-charge voltage as the second judgment result.

[0091] In response to the second judgment result: If the real-time voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the full charge voltage, it is determined that the system enters the charging end calibration mode. In this mode, the system needs to predict the time required for the state of charge to reach full charge and the time for the voltage to reach the preset value based on the real-time temperature, current, and voltage parameters through the open circuit voltage database, so as to determine more accurate second state of charge data, ensure that the battery will not be overcharged, and effectively extend the battery life.

[0092] In the charging mode, when the real-time current of the battery cell is compared with the static current, the system determines the further adjustment mode according to the magnitude of the real-time current.

[0093] If the real-time current is greater than or equal to the static current, the system considers that it is in a relatively dynamic charging environment, so it selects the static calibration mode. At this time, the system will maintain the current state within a certain time (the second preset time), and then calibrate the state of charge again according to the open circuit voltage database and the real-time voltage of the battery cell to determine the third state of charge data. On the contrary, if the real-time current is less than the static current, it indicates that the current is in a low dynamic or resting state, and the system automatically switches to the dynamic calibration mode. In this mode:

[0094] First, the system obtains the average battery cell voltage of the single cell by using the weighted calculation method based on the real-time voltage of the battery cell.

[0095] Then, according to the time for increasing the preset value of the state of charge and the real-time current of the battery cell, the ampere-hour integration method is used to calculate the fourth state of charge data, which can more accurately track the actual energy state of the battery under dynamic working conditions.

[0096] Again, the system uses the average battery cell voltage of the single cell and the open circuit voltage database to determine the fifth state of charge data, further optimizing the estimation of the state of charge.

[0097] Finally, combining the fifth state of charge data, the preset value, and the fourth state of charge data, the system determines the final sixth state of charge data, which reflects the true state of charge of the battery during dynamic charging and discharging, and helps to accurately control the battery state.

[0098] Through this state of charge adjustment strategy based on multi-dimensional data, it can automatically switch to the most suitable state of charge adjustment mode according to different working conditions and battery cell states, providing a more refined and intelligent battery management solution for application scenarios such as electric vehicles and energy storage devices, thereby improving the energy efficiency and stability of the entire system.

[0099] In step S120, the temperature adjustment method is as Figure 6 shown, and the temperature data of multiple battery cells, the temperature data of the heat transfer medium (such as coolant), and the real-time plate temperature data of the liquid cooling plate or heating plate are collected in real time. These data are the basis for judging the current temperature state of the battery pack.

[0100] When the maximum temperature of any one of the temperature data of multiple battery cells, the temperature data of the heat transfer medium (such as coolant), and the real-time plate temperature data of the liquid cooling plate or heating plate exceeds a preset first threshold, or when the temperature of the heat transfer medium reaches a high temperature level that may affect the normal operation of the battery, the system enters the high-temperature warning state. This means that there is an overheating risk in the battery system, and emergency measures need to be taken to prevent the temperature from rising further.

[0101] When the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature among the temperature data of multiple battery cells, the temperature data of the heat transfer medium (such as coolant), and the real-time plate temperature data of the liquid cooling plate or heating plate exceeds a preset third threshold, it is identified as the temperature difference overrun state. This may be caused by local overheating or uneven heat dissipation inside the battery pack, and the cooling or heating strategy needs to be adjusted to rebalance the temperature distribution inside the battery pack.

[0102] When the minimum temperature of any one of the temperature data of multiple battery cells, the temperature data of the heat transfer medium (such as coolant), and the real-time plate temperature data of the liquid cooling plate or heating plate is lower than a preset second threshold, or when the temperature of the heat transfer medium is insufficient to maintain the battery cells within the appropriate operating temperature range, the system switches to the low-temperature warning state. Under low-temperature conditions, the battery performance will decline significantly, and it may even be unable to start normally. Therefore, measures need to be taken to preheat the battery pack.

[0103] After determining the temperature state of the battery pack, the corresponding temperature adjustment mode will be selected according to different states next:

[0104] In the high-temperature warning state, the system automatically activates the high-temperature adjustment mode, which usually involves increasing the flow rate of the coolant and lowering its temperature, or starting an active heat dissipation mechanism, such as a fan or a liquid circulation system, to quickly reduce the temperature of the battery cells and the plate and prevent overheating.

[0105] In the face of the temperature difference overrun state, the system needs to enable the temperature difference adjustment mode. This may include adjusting the flow direction or flow rate of the heat transfer medium to increase heat exchange and narrow the temperature difference between the battery cells inside the battery pack. In addition, the system can also dynamically allocate cooling resources through intelligent algorithms to preferentially cool the areas with higher temperatures, thereby achieving temperature balance.

[0106] When the system detects the low-temperature warning state, it is necessary to start the low-temperature adjustment mode. This generally involves activating the heating mechanism, which may be to preheat the heat transfer medium through an external power source, or to directly heat the battery cells and the plate with an internal heating component (such as a PTC heater). The system will continue to heat until the temperature of the battery cells returns to the normal operating range to ensure the normal start and operation of the battery in cold weather.

[0107] By real-time monitoring and intelligent judgment of the temperature status of the battery pack, it is possible to flexibly and accurately select and execute the most suitable temperature regulation mode, ensuring that the battery can maintain the best working state in various environments. This method not only improves the performance and lifespan of the battery, but also greatly enhances the safety of the battery system. For application scenarios such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems that highly rely on battery performance, it is an important technological advancement. By precisely controlling the temperature status of the battery, the system can effectively avoid the negative impacts brought by overheating or overcooling, which is a key strategy for achieving efficient, stable, and safe operation of the battery.

[0108] S140, based on the regulation mode, generate a control instruction set for controlling the target object to be in the target working mode. The target object includes: a display module, a liquid cooling unit, and a heating module. The target working mode includes: displaying the target state of charge, the target liquid cooling working mode, and the target heating working mode;

[0109] In step S140, in the state of charge regulation method, when the battery management system determines that the battery cell is in the calibration mode at the end of discharge, which usually occurs when the cell voltage is lower than the preset undervoltage threshold, the system will execute a specific power limit strategy to prevent over-discharge of the battery. After the end of this calibration process, that is, after a continuous limited time (the first preset time), based on the first state of charge data calculated from the real-time voltage of the cell and the open-circuit voltage database, by generating the seventh control instruction in the control instruction set, the display module is notified to update the numerical display of the state of charge.

[0110] When the battery management system detects that the cell voltage reaches or exceeds the preset full charge voltage, the system determines that it is in the calibration mode at the end of charging. At this time, it is necessary to predict the full charge time or the time when the voltage reaches the preset value based on the real-time parameters of the cell (temperature, current, voltage, etc.) to determine the second state of charge data. Subsequently, the system generates the eighth control instruction, commanding the display module to update the state of charge display, reflecting the latest state of charge value after calibration at the end of charging, ensuring that users can timely understand the fully charged state of the battery.

[0111] In the static calibration mode, the system mainly focuses on the state of charge calibration in the low current state. If the real-time current of the cell is lower than or equal to the static current threshold, it means that the system enters the static calibration stage, which is usually used for precise adjustment of the state of charge when the battery is in sleep or low load operation. Based on this, the system generates the ninth control instruction, instructing the display module to update the third state of charge data recalibrated based on the open-circuit voltage database and the real-time voltage of the cell, ensuring that the accuracy of the state of charge is not affected by the low current state.

[0112] The dynamic calibration mode is applicable to the state-of-charge calibration of the battery system during large-current charging and discharging processes, aiming to overcome the state-of-charge deviation that may be caused by the ampere-hour integration method under dynamic conditions. In the dynamic calibration mode, the system comprehensively calculates the sixth state-of-charge data through various means such as the weighted average voltage method, the ampere-hour integration method, and the open-circuit voltage database. Finally, the system generates the tenth control instruction, commanding the display module to update the state-of-charge value reflecting this dynamic calibration result, ensuring that users can obtain accurate battery state-of-charge information even under high-load charging and discharging conditions.

[0113] In step S140, in the temperature regulation method, when it is detected that the battery pack is in a high-temperature warning state, that is, the real-time temperatures of multiple battery cells exceed the set high-temperature threshold, or the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data exceeds the safe range, the system generates the first control instruction in the control instruction set, commanding the liquid cooling unit to execute the first target liquid cooling working mode. This usually means that the liquid cooling unit will increase the circulation rate of the coolant and lower the coolant temperature to quickly remove the heat generated by the battery pack and prevent the battery temperature from being too high.

[0114] When the temperature difference inside the battery pack exceeds the allowable range, that is, in the state of temperature difference exceeding the limit, the system generates the second control instruction in the control instruction set, commanding the liquid cooling unit to execute the second target liquid cooling working mode. This mode may involve more precise flow regulation and temperature control strategies to balance the temperature inside the battery pack and reduce the temperature difference between the battery cells.

[0115] In the low-temperature warning state, that is, when the temperature of the battery cell is lower than the set low-temperature threshold, or the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data shows that the coolant is supercooled, the system generates the third control instruction in the control instruction set and simultaneously controls the working states of the liquid cooling unit and the heating module. On the one hand, the liquid cooling unit switches to the third target liquid cooling working mode, which may reduce the coolant flow rate or increase the coolant temperature to reduce the heat loss of the battery pack; on the other hand, the heating module executes the first target heating working mode to provide additional heat energy for the battery pack to help the battery cells reach the appropriate working temperature as soon as possible.

[0116] Monitoring and judgment of the temperature rise of the heat transfer medium and the plate body: In the low-temperature regulation mode, the system continuously monitors the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data and the real-time plate body temperature data periodically obtained by the slave control module, and then determines the heat transfer medium temperature rise data and the plate body temperature rise data. Based on the comparison and judgment of these two sets of data, the first judgment result is determined to further optimize the temperature control strategy.

[0117] The temperature rise of the response heat transfer medium is relatively low: If the temperature rise data of the heat transfer medium is less than or equal to the temperature rise data of the plate body (the first judgment result), it indicates that the heating efficiency of the liquid cooling system may be lower than the natural temperature rise of the battery cells. At this time, the system generates a sixth control instruction to command the liquid cooling unit to execute the fifth target liquid cooling working mode, which may mean increasing the heating power of the coolant or adjusting its flow rate to enhance the heating effect of the liquid cooling system and ensure that the temperature of the battery cells rises evenly. If the temperature rise data of the heat transfer medium is greater than the temperature rise data of the plate body, the system further judges whether the temperature rises of the heat transfer medium and the plate body exceed the allowable temperature rise for battery cell heating (the second judgment result) to refine the management of the heating power and the working state of the liquid cooling system.

[0118] If the temperature rise of the heat transfer medium exceeds the allowable temperature rise for battery cell heating, the system generates a fourth control instruction to command the heating module to execute the second target heating working mode. This may mean reducing the power of the heating module to prevent the temperature of the heat transfer medium from rising abnormally and affecting the safety of the battery cells.

[0119] If the temperature rise of the plate body exceeds the allowable temperature rise for battery cell heating, the system generates a fifth control instruction to command the liquid cooling unit to execute the fourth target liquid cooling working mode, which may mean adjusting the coolant temperature and flow rate to reduce the temperature rise rate of the plate body while ensuring the safety of the heating process.

[0120] Through the above control instruction set based on the temperature state, the system can intelligently adjust the working modes of the liquid cooling system and the heating module under different working conditions of high temperature, over-temperature difference, and low-temperature warning, ensuring that the battery cells operate within an appropriate temperature range, thereby improving the safety of the battery system, extending the battery life, and optimizing the battery performance.

[0121] In this embodiment, based on the battery cell state parameters, real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and real-time plate body temperature data, the adjustment mode is determined, including: based on the battery cell state parameters, the power conversion mode is determined, and the power conversion mode includes: charging mode and discharging mode; based on the power conversion mode, the state of charge adjustment mode is determined, and the state of charge adjustment mode includes: static calibration mode, dynamic calibration mode, end-of-charge calibration mode, and end-of-discharge calibration mode.

[0122] The above optional embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: The battery management system control method based on multi-dimensional real-time data, through intelligent judgment of the power conversion mode and the state of charge adjustment mode, not only optimizes the energy utilization and thermal management of the battery, but also improves the accuracy of state of charge measurement and the safety of battery operation, providing a more efficient, reliable, and intelligent battery management system solution for electric vehicles and other energy storage devices. The application of this technology is of great significance for promoting the development of battery technology, enhancing product competitiveness, and promoting the popularization of sustainable transportation energy.

[0123] In an exemplary embodiment, determining a state of charge (SOC) adjustment mode based on an electric energy conversion mode includes: when the electric energy conversion mode is a discharge mode, judging the real-time voltage of the battery cell based on a preset under-voltage value to obtain a first judgment result; in response to the first judgment result indicating that the real-time voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the preset under-voltage value, determining that the SOC adjustment mode is a discharge end calibration mode. The static calibration mode includes: executing a power limit mode of the battery pack, and after a first preset time, determining first SOC data based on an open-circuit voltage database and the real-time voltage of the battery cell.

[0124] The above optional embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: By determining the SOC adjustment mode based on the electric energy conversion mode, especially adopting the discharge end calibration mode in the discharge mode, this strategy not only improves the calibration accuracy of the battery SOC, enhances the safety and service life of the battery, but also optimizes the battery performance and improves the intelligent level of the system.

[0125] Further, generating a control instruction set based on the adjustment mode includes: when the adjustment mode is the discharge end calibration mode, generating a seventh control instruction in the control instruction set, and the seventh control instruction is used to control a display module to display the first SOC data.

[0126] The above optional embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: The implementation of the seventh control instruction not only improves the safety, reliability and energy utilization efficiency of the battery management system, but also significantly enhances the user experience, and is one of the key technologies for realizing refined battery management. It can ensure the accuracy of the SOC data at the discharge end, avoid problems caused by overuse of the battery, and promote battery health management and performance optimization.

[0127] In this embodiment, determining the SOC adjustment mode based on the electric energy conversion mode includes: when the electric energy conversion mode is a charging mode, judging the real-time voltage of the battery cell based on a preset full-charge voltage to obtain a second judgment result; in response to the second judgment result indicating that the real-time voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the preset full-charge voltage, determining that the SOC adjustment mode is a charging end calibration mode. The discharge end calibration mode includes: based on the open-circuit voltage database, determining the SOC full-charge time and the preset voltage arrival time according to the real-time temperature data of the battery cell, the real-time current of the battery cell and the real-time voltage of the battery cell; determining second SOC data based on the SOC full-charge time and the preset voltage arrival time.

[0128] The above optional embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: Based on the charging end calibration mode in the charging mode, it can effectively prevent overcharging, improve the battery life, enhance the charging efficiency, and at the same time improve user trust and experience. It is a core component for ensuring the safety and performance of the battery in modern battery management systems.

[0129] In an exemplary embodiment, based on the power conversion mode, when the second judgment result is that the real-time voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the preset full charge voltage, it includes: based on the static current, judging the real-time current of the battery cell to determine the third judgment result; in response to the third judgment result that the real-time current of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the static current, judging that the state of charge adjustment mode is the static calibration mode, and the static calibration mode includes: after a second preset time, based on the open circuit voltage database and the real-time voltage of the battery cell, determining the third state of charge data; in response to the third judgment result that the real-time current of the battery cell is less than the static current, judging that the state of charge adjustment mode is the dynamic calibration mode, and the dynamic calibration mode includes: based on the real-time voltage of the battery cell, using the weighted calculation method to obtain the average single battery cell voltage; obtaining the time when the state of charge increases by a preset value, and based on the real-time current of the battery cell and the time when the state of charge increases by the preset value, using the ampere-hour integration method to obtain the fourth state of charge data; based on the average single battery cell voltage and the open circuit voltage database, determining the fifth state of charge data; based on the fifth state of charge data, the preset value and the fourth state of charge data, determining the sixth state of charge data.

[0130] The above optional embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: By combining the static calibration mode and the dynamic calibration mode, the battery management system can comprehensively address the challenges of state of charge estimation under different current conditions. The static calibration mode ensures the accuracy of the state of charge in low-current or no-current states, while the dynamic calibration mode provides the ability to accurately estimate the state of charge under high-current conditions. This dual-mode design not only covers all stages of battery use but also lays a solid foundation for the efficient management of the entire battery life cycle. Through precise state of charge calibration strategies, the battery system can better adapt to various working conditions, ensuring safety, extending the lifespan, and providing users with more reliable power storage and release services.

[0131] In this embodiment, based on the adjustment mode, a control instruction set is generated, including: based on the state of charge adjustment mode being the charging end calibration mode, generating the eighth control instruction in the control instruction set, and the eighth control instruction is used to control the display module to display the second state of charge data; based on the state of charge adjustment mode being the static calibration mode, generating the ninth control instruction in the control instruction set, and the ninth control instruction is used to control the display module to display the third state of charge data; based on the state of charge adjustment mode being the dynamic calibration mode, generating the tenth control instruction in the control instruction set, and the ninth control instruction is used to control the display module to display the sixth state of charge data.

[0132] The above optional embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: Based on the control instruction set of the state of charge adjustment mode, especially the eighth, ninth, and tenth control instructions, by ensuring the accuracy of the state of charge value under various working conditions, significant safety, performance, and economic advantages are brought to the battery management system, and at the same time, the user's operation experience is greatly improved.

[0133] In an exemplary embodiment, based on the cell state parameters, real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and real-time plate temperature data, the adjustment mode is determined, including: based on the real-time temperature data of multiple cells, real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and real-time plate temperature data, the temperature state is determined, and the temperature state includes: high-temperature warning state, temperature difference exceeding limit state, and low-temperature warning state; based on the temperature state, the temperature adjustment mode is determined, and the adjustment mode includes: high-temperature adjustment mode, temperature difference adjustment mode, and low-temperature adjustment mode.

[0134] The above optional embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: The temperature state determination based on the real-time temperature data of multiple cells, real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and real-time plate temperature data, and the subsequent exact temperature adjustment mode constitute the core technology of temperature management in the battery management system. The application of this technology not only enhances the safety and performance of the battery, extends the service life of the battery, but also greatly improves the energy utilization rate and user experience, demonstrating the advanced intelligent and adaptive capabilities of the battery management system.

[0135] Further, based on the adjustment mode, a control instruction set is generated, including: based on the adjustment mode being the high-temperature adjustment mode, the first control instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the first control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the first target liquid cooling working mode; based on the adjustment mode being the temperature difference adjustment mode, the second control instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the first control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the second target liquid cooling working mode; based on the adjustment mode being the low-temperature adjustment mode, the third control instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the third control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the third target liquid cooling working mode, and the third control instruction is used to control the heating module to execute the first target heating working mode.

[0136] The above optional embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: The control instruction set generated based on the adjustment mode, including the first, second, and third control instructions, through targeted temperature management strategies, not only improves the safety and performance of the battery system, but also simplifies the operation process, improves the user experience, and demonstrates the advanced intelligence and strong adaptability of the battery management system in the field of temperature control. This fine temperature control mechanism is an indispensable part of modern battery management systems and is of great significance for ensuring the efficiency and reliability of electric energy storage and transmission.

[0137] Further, after generating the third control instruction in the control instruction set based on the adjustment mode being the low-temperature adjustment mode, the method further includes: obtaining the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data and the real-time plate body temperature data periodically obtained by the slave control module; determining the heat transfer medium temperature rise data based on the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data; determining the plate body temperature rise data based on the real-time plate body temperature data; making a judgment based on the heat transfer medium temperature rise data and the plate body temperature rise data to determine the first judgment result; and in response to the first judgment result indicating that the heat transfer medium temperature rise data is less than or equal to the plate body temperature rise data, generating the sixth control instruction in the control instruction set, where the sixth control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the fifth target liquid cooling working mode.

[0138] The above optional embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: Based on the temperature control strategy of the low-temperature adjustment mode, it not only improves the performance and safety of the battery in cold environments, but also optimizes the energy consumption management of the system, enhances user confidence, and demonstrates the high intelligence and adaptability of the battery management system under extreme conditions. This optimized temperature control mechanism is the key to ensuring the stable operation of the battery system under various environmental conditions.

[0139] In an exemplary embodiment, when the first judgment result indicates that the heat transfer medium temperature rise data is greater than the plate body temperature rise data, it includes: making a judgment on the heat transfer medium temperature rise data and the plate body temperature rise data respectively based on the allowable temperature rise for cell heating to determine the second judgment result; in response to the second judgment result indicating that the heat transfer medium temperature rise data is greater than the allowable temperature rise for cell heating, generating the fourth control instruction in the control instruction set, where the fourth control instruction is used to control the heating module to execute the second target heating working mode; and in response to the second judgment result indicating that the plate body temperature rise data is greater than the allowable temperature rise for cell heating, generating the fifth control instruction in the control instruction set, where the fifth control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the fourth target liquid cooling working mode.

[0140] The above optional embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: Based on the fine temperature control of the heat transfer medium and the plate body temperature rise data, it not only improves the charge and discharge efficiency and safety of the battery system in low-temperature environments, but also optimizes the energy management, simplifies the operation and maintenance, and demonstrates the cutting-edge technology and powerful functions of the battery management system in the field of intelligent control. This optimized strategy is of great significance for promoting battery technology innovation, enhancing user experience, and facilitating the development of sustainable energy.

[0141] Figure 7 It is a structural block diagram of a control device of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The device includes:

[0142] An acquisition module, configured to obtain the cell state parameters, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and the real-time plate body temperature data periodically obtained by the slave control module in response to the vehicle body integrated control module working signal;

[0143] An adjustment module, configured to determine an adjustment mode based on the cell state parameters, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and the real-time plate temperature data, where the adjustment mode includes a temperature adjustment mode and a state of charge adjustment mode;

[0144] A control module, configured to generate a control instruction set based on the adjustment mode, where the control instruction set is used to control the target object to be in a target working mode, and the target object includes: the display module, the liquid cooling unit, and the heating module, and the target working mode includes: displaying a target state of charge, a target liquid cooling working mode, and a target heating working mode.

[0145] It should be noted that the above-mentioned various modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, it can be implemented in the following ways, but not limited to this: the above-mentioned modules are all located in the same processor; or, the above-mentioned various modules are respectively located in different processors in any combination form.

[0146] According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, including: a memory storing an executable program; a processor configured to run the program, where when the program runs, it executes the control method of the above-mentioned battery management system.

[0147] Optionally, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned processor can be set to execute the following steps through a computer program:

[0148] Step S1, in response to the working signal of the vehicle body integrated control module, obtain the cell state parameters, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and the real-time plate temperature data periodically acquired by the slave control module;

[0149] Step S2, based on the cell state parameters, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and the real-time plate temperature data, determine an adjustment mode, where the adjustment mode includes a temperature adjustment mode and a state of charge adjustment mode;

[0150] Step S3, based on the adjustment mode, generate a control instruction set, where the control instruction set is used to control the target object to be in a target working mode, and the target object includes: the display module, the liquid cooling unit, and the heating module, and the target working mode includes: displaying a target state of charge, a target liquid cooling working mode, and a target heating working mode.

[0151] According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored executable program, and when the executable program runs, it controls the device where the storage medium is located to execute the control method of the above-mentioned battery management system.

[0152] Optionally, in this embodiment, the above storage medium may be configured to store a computer program for performing the following steps:

[0153] Step S1: In response to the body integrated control module working signal, obtain the cell state parameters, real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and real-time plate temperature data periodically acquired by the slave control module;

[0154] Step S2: Based on the cell state parameters, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and the real-time plate temperature data, determine an adjustment mode, where the adjustment mode includes a temperature adjustment mode and a state of charge adjustment mode;

[0155] Step S3: Based on the adjustment mode, generate a control instruction set for controlling the target object to be in a target working mode, where the target object includes: the display module, the liquid cooling unit, and the heating module, and the target working mode includes: displaying a target state of charge, a target liquid cooling working mode, and a target heating working mode.

[0156] Optionally, in this embodiment, the above storage medium may include, but is not limited to: various media that can store computer programs such as USB flash drives, read-only memories (ROM for short), random access memories (RAM for short), external hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0157] According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer program product including a computer program, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the control method of the above battery management system.

[0158] Optionally, in this embodiment, the above computer program product may be configured to store a computer program for performing the following steps:

[0159] Step S1: In response to the body integrated control module working signal, obtain the cell state parameters, real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and real-time plate temperature data periodically acquired by the slave control module;

[0160] Step S2: Based on the cell state parameters, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and the real-time plate temperature data, determine an adjustment mode, where the adjustment mode includes a temperature adjustment mode and a state of charge adjustment mode;

[0161] Step S3: Based on the adjustment mode, generate a control instruction set for controlling the target object to be in a target working mode, where the target object includes: the display module, the liquid cooling unit, and the heating module, and the target working mode includes: displaying a target state of charge, a target liquid cooling working mode, and a target heating working mode.

[0162] According to another specific embodiment of the present application, a vehicle is further provided, including a battery management system, and the battery management system is the above-mentioned battery management system.

[0163] The above optional embodiments of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: It can intelligently manage the battery charging and discharging process, and through accurate state of charge calibration strategies and temperature adjustment modes, ensure that the battery works in an optimal state. This efficient energy management not only improves the battery charging and discharging efficiency, but also reduces energy loss, enabling the vehicle to use energy more economically during driving and enhancing the endurance ability.

[0164] In the present application, "a plurality of" refers to two or more.

[0165] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0166] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence.

[0167] The term "and / or" in the present application is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present application generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0168] If there is no special instruction, all steps of the present application can be carried out in sequence or randomly. For example, the method includes steps A and B, indicating that the method can include steps A and B carried out in sequence, or steps B and A carried out in sequence. For example, it is mentioned that the method may further include step C, indicating that step C can be added to the method in any order. For example, the method can include steps A, B, and C, or steps A, C, and B, or steps C, A, and B, etc.

[0169] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

[0170] In this application, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0171] In this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0172] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence.

[0173] The term "and / or" in this application is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally represents an "or" relationship between the related objects before and after.

[0174] If there is no special instruction, all steps of this application can be carried out in sequence or randomly. For example, the method includes steps A and B, indicating that the method can include steps A and B carried out in sequence, or steps B and A carried out in sequence. For example, it is mentioned that the method may further include step C, indicating that step C can be added to the method in any order. For example, the method can include steps A, B, and C, or steps A, C, and B, or steps C, A, and B, etc.

[0175] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized in that, Including: Battery pack; Slave control module (30), the slave control module (30) is electrically connected to the battery pack, and the slave control module (30) is used to periodically obtain a plurality of cell state parameters of the battery pack. Among them, the cell state parameters at least include: real-time cell temperature data, real-time cell current, and real-time cell voltage; Display module, the display module is used to display the state of charge of the battery pack; Master control module, the master control module is electrically connected to the slave control module (30) and the display module respectively, and the master control module is used to control the display module to display the target state of charge based on the cell state parameters.

2. The battery management system according to claim 1, wherein The battery pack includes: Battery box body (10), the battery box body (10) has an installation cavity, and the installation cavity extends along a first preset direction; Liquid cooling plate (60), the liquid cooling plate (60) is arranged at the bottom of the installation cavity, and the liquid cooling plate (60) is communicated with a liquid cooling unit; Multiple battery modules (20), multiple battery modules (20) are arranged in the installation cavity, and multiple battery modules (20) are arranged in an array on the top of the liquid cooling plate (60); Heating plate (40), at least part of the heating plate (40) is respectively connected to the sides of multiple battery modules (20); Heating module, the heating plate (40) is electrically connected to the heating module, and the heating module is electrically connected to the master control module.

3. The battery management system according to claim 2, wherein, There are multiple liquid cooling plates (60), and multiple liquid cooling plates (60) are arranged in an array at the bottom of the installation cavity. The top of each liquid cooling plate (60) is connected to at least one battery module (20) through a thermal conductive adhesive (61).

4. The battery management system according to claim 3, wherein, The battery pack further includes: Liquid cooling main pipeline, the liquid cooling main pipeline is provided with a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end, and a plurality of branch connection ends are arranged on the side of the liquid cooling main pipeline. Each of the plurality of liquid cooling plates (60) is provided with a liquid cooling channel (62), and each branch connection end is communicated with at least two liquid cooling channels (62).

5. The battery management system according to claim 4, wherein The inner diameter of the liquid cooling main pipeline is D, and the inner diameter of the branch connection end is d, where D>nd, n≥1.

6. The battery management system according to claim 2, wherein The battery module (20) includes: Cells (22), there are multiple cells (22), and multiple cells (22) are arranged in sequence along the first preset direction; Connection rows (21), there are multiple connection rows (21), and each connection row (21) connects two adjacent cells (22) together; Among them, multiple of the battery cells (22), the liquid cooling plate (60), and the heating plate (40) are electrically connected to the slave control module (30) through a collection board (24) respectively. The slave control module (30) is further configured to periodically obtain real-time heat transfer medium temperature data of the liquid cooling plate (60), and the slave control module (30) is configured to periodically obtain real-time plate body temperature data of the heating plate (40). The master control module is further configured to, based on the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data and the real-time plate body temperature data obtained by the slave control module (30), the master control module controls the liquid cooling unit to be in a target liquid cooling working mode, and the master control module controls the heating module to be in a target heating working mode.

7. The battery management system according to claim 6, wherein The connection bar (21) includes: A first connection section (211), at least a part of the first connection section (211) is connected to the tab (221) of one of two adjacent battery cells (22); A second connection section (213), at least a part of the second connection section (213) is connected to the tab (221) of the other of two adjacent battery cells (22); An arc-shaped connection section (212), the arc-shaped connection section (212) connects the first connection section (211) and the second connection section (213) together; Among them, welding grooves are provided on the outer sides of the first connection section (211) and the second connection section (213), and the welding grooves correspond to the connection positions of the tabs (221).

8. The battery management system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The battery module (20) further includes: A limiting plate (23), at least a part of the limiting plate (23) is connected to multiple battery cells (22) respectively.

9. The battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that The battery pack further includes: A heat preservation plate (50), at least a part of the heat preservation plate (50) is attached to the outer side of the battery box body (10).

10. A control method for a battery management system, characterized in that For controlling the battery management system according to any one of claims 1-9, the control method includes: In response to the working signal of the vehicle body integrated control module, obtain the cell state parameters, real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and real-time plate body temperature data periodically obtained by the slave control module; Based on the cell state parameters, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and the real-time plate body temperature data, determine an adjustment mode, and the adjustment mode includes a temperature adjustment mode and a state of charge adjustment mode; Based on the adjustment mode, generate a control instruction set, and the control instruction set is used to control the target object to be in a target working mode. The target objects include: the display module, the liquid cooling unit, and the heating module, and the target working modes include: displaying the target state of charge, the target liquid cooling working mode, and the target heating working mode.

11. The control method of the battery management system according to claim 10, characterized in that, Based on the cell state parameters, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and the real-time plate body temperature data, determining the adjustment mode includes: Based on the cell state parameters, determine an electric energy conversion mode, and the electric energy conversion mode includes: a charging mode and a discharging mode; Based on the electric energy conversion mode, determine the state of charge adjustment mode, and the state of charge adjustment mode includes: a static calibration mode, a dynamic calibration mode, a charging end calibration mode, and a discharging end calibration mode.

12. The control method of the battery management system according to claim 11, wherein Determine the state of charge adjustment mode based on the power conversion mode, including: When the power conversion mode is the discharge mode, based on a preset undervoltage, judge the real-time voltage of the battery cell to determine a first judgment result; In response to the first judgment result that the real-time voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the preset undervoltage, determine that the state of charge adjustment mode is the discharge end calibration mode, and the static calibration mode includes: execute the battery pack power limit mode, and after a first preset time, based on the open-circuit voltage database and the real-time voltage of the battery cell, determine the first state of charge data.

13. The control method of the battery management system according to claim 12, characterized in that, Generate a control instruction set based on the adjustment mode, including: When the adjustment mode is the discharge end calibration mode, generate a seventh control instruction in the control instruction set, and the seventh control instruction is used to control the display module to display the first state of charge data.

14. The control method of the battery management system according to claim 11, wherein Determine the state of charge adjustment mode based on the power conversion mode, including: When the power conversion mode is the charging mode, based on a preset full charge voltage, judge the real-time voltage of the battery cell to determine a second judgment result; In response to the second judgment result that the real-time voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the preset full charge voltage, determine that the state of charge adjustment mode is the charging end calibration mode, and the discharge end calibration mode includes: Based on the open-circuit voltage database, determine the state of charge full charge time and the preset voltage arrival time according to the real-time temperature data of the battery cell, the real-time current of the battery cell, and the real-time voltage of the battery cell; Determine the second state of charge data based on the state of charge full charge time and the preset voltage arrival time.

15. The control method of the battery management system according to claim 14, characterized in that Based on the power conversion mode, in response to the second judgment result that the real-time voltage of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the preset full charge voltage, including: Based on the static current, judge the real-time current of the battery cell to determine a third judgment result; In response to the third judgment result that the real-time current of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the static current, judge that the state of charge adjustment mode is the static calibration mode, and the static calibration mode includes: after a second preset time, based on the open-circuit voltage database and the real-time voltage of the battery cell, determine the third state of charge data; In response to the third judgment result that the real-time current of the battery cell is less than the static current, judge that the state of charge adjustment mode is the dynamic calibration mode, and the dynamic calibration mode includes: Based on the real-time voltage of the battery cell, use the weighted calculation method to obtain the average single battery cell voltage; Obtain the time when the state of charge increases by a preset value, and based on the real-time current of the battery cell and the time when the state of charge increases by the preset value, use the ampere-hour integration method to obtain the fourth state of charge data; Based on the average single battery cell voltage and the open-circuit voltage database, determine the fifth state of charge data; Based on the fifth state of charge data, the preset value, and the fourth state of charge data, determine the sixth state of charge data.

16. The control method of the battery management system according to claim 15, wherein Generate a control instruction set based on the adjustment mode, including: Based on the state of charge adjustment mode being the charging end calibration mode, generate the eighth control instruction in the control instruction set, and the eighth control instruction is used to control the display module to display the second state of charge data; Based on the state of charge adjustment mode being the static calibration mode, generate the ninth control instruction in the control instruction set, and the ninth control instruction is used to control the display module to display the third state of charge data; Based on the state of charge adjustment mode being the dynamic calibration mode, generate the tenth control instruction in the control instruction set, and the ninth control instruction is used to control the display module to display the sixth state of charge data.

17. The control method of the battery management system according to claim 10, wherein Based on the cell state parameters, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and the real-time plate temperature data, determine the adjustment mode, including: Based on multiple real-time cell temperature data, the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, and the real-time plate temperature data, determine the temperature state, and the temperature state includes: high-temperature warning state, temperature difference exceeding limit state, and low-temperature warning state; Based on the temperature state, determine the temperature adjustment mode, and the adjustment mode includes: high-temperature adjustment mode, temperature difference adjustment mode, and low-temperature adjustment mode.

18. The control method of the battery management system according to claim 17, wherein Based on the adjustment mode, generate a control instruction set, including: Based on the adjustment mode being the high-temperature adjustment mode, generate the first control instruction in the control instruction set, and the first control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the first target liquid cooling working mode; Based on the adjustment mode being the temperature difference adjustment mode, generate the second control instruction in the control instruction set, and the first control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the second target liquid cooling working mode; Based on the adjustment mode being the low-temperature adjustment mode, generate the third control instruction in the control instruction set, and the third control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the third target liquid cooling working mode, and the third control instruction is used to control the heating module to execute the first target heating working mode.

19. The control method of the battery management system according to claim 18, characterized in that After generating the third control instruction in the control instruction set based on the adjustment mode being the low-temperature adjustment mode, further include: Obtain the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data and the real-time plate temperature data periodically acquired by the slave control module; Based on the real-time heat transfer medium temperature data, determine the heat transfer medium temperature rise data; Based on the real-time plate temperature data, determine the plate temperature rise data; Based on the heat transfer medium temperature rise data and the plate temperature rise data, make a judgment to determine the first judgment result; In response to the first judgment result being that the heat transfer medium temperature rise data is less than or equal to the plate temperature rise data, generate the sixth control instruction in the control instruction set, and the sixth control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the fifth target liquid cooling working mode.

20. The control method of the battery management system according to claim 19, characterized in that, In response to the first judgment result being that the heat transfer medium temperature rise data is greater than the plate temperature rise data, including: Based on the allowable temperature rise for cell heating, respectively make judgments on the heat transfer medium temperature rise data and the plate temperature rise data to determine the second judgment result; In response to the second judgment result that the temperature rise data of the heat transfer medium is greater than the allowable temperature rise for heating the battery cell, a fourth control instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the fourth control instruction is used to control the heating module to execute the second target heating working mode; In response to the second judgment result that the temperature rise data of the board is greater than the allowable temperature rise for heating the battery cell, a fifth control instruction in the control instruction set is generated, and the fifth control instruction is used to control the liquid cooling unit to execute the fourth target liquid cooling working mode.

21. A vehicle, comprising a battery management system, characterized in that, The battery management system is the battery management system according to any one of claims 1-9.

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