Step type rainwater collection and treatment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a stepped rainwater collection and treatment device. The stepped rainwater collection and treatment device is characterized in that a stepped slope diversion trench guides rainwater to converge into a bottom water tank; the trash holding net is used for holding large-particle impurities; the intelligent discarding device automatically discharges initial polluted rainwater through water level induction; sediment is settled in the U-shaped grit chamber; water is forced by the water baffle to flow through the biological filler layer and the stone compaction layer to realize high-efficiency filtration; the siphon device automatically prevents overflow based on a water level threshold value; the multiple stages of water tanks are connected in series for stage-by-stage purification, and finally stored in a water storage device with ultraviolet disinfection. According to the method, gravity self-flowing is utilized in the whole process, external energy is not needed, suspended solids and organic pollutants can be effectively removed, the maintenance cost is remarkably reduced, and the method has ecological friendliness and scene adaptability, is suitable for buildings, gardens and urban squares and provides an efficient solution for sponge city construction and rainwater resource recycling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rainwater collection and treatment, and particularly relates to a stepped rainwater collection and treatment device. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the area of hardened ground surfaces (such as building roofs, roads, and squares) has increased sharply, resulting in a significant reduction in the natural infiltration capacity of rainwater and a remarkable rise in surface runoff. Traditional rainwater collection systems mostly adopt simple pipeline confluence or underground reservoir structures, and there are the following prominent problems:

[0003] Low collection efficiency: Relying on gentle slopes or artificial drainage, the rainwater confluence speed is slow, difficult to cope with short-term heavy rainfall, and prone to local waterlogging or resource waste;

[0004] Weak filtering mechanism: Most systems only intercept large particulate impurities through a sieve, lacking the ability to classify and treat suspended solids, sediment, and pollutants (such as oils and fats, heavy metals) in the initial rainwater, resulting in sediment accumulation in the reservoir and water quality deterioration;

[0005] High maintenance cost: Traditional filters are prone to clogging and need to be cleaned frequently. The cleaning of underground reservoirs is difficult, and the labor maintenance cost accounts for more than 30% of the total system investment;

[0006] Prominent ecological risks: When directly discharging or recharging underground water with untreated rainwater, it may carry pollutants (such as nitrogen and phosphorus, microplastics) in road runoff, exacerbating water eutrophication and soil pollution.

[0007] In addition, there is a lack of intelligent initial rainwater diversion design in the existing technology. Research shows that 30% of the runoff in the initial stage of rainfall carries more than 70% of the pollutants (such as PM2.5, automobile exhaust residues), but traditional systems often mix this part of highly polluted rainwater with the relatively clean rainwater in the later stage for treatment, which not only increases the treatment load but also affects the quality of reclaimed water.

[0008] Although some modular rainwater treatment devices have emerged on the current market, most of them rely on electric drive (such as water pumps, electric valves), with high energy consumption, and the biological filtration unit often adopts chemical fillers or complex activated carbon processes, which are costly and prone to secondary pollution, making it difficult to be widely promoted on a large scale.

[0009] In this context, there is an urgent need to develop a rainwater collection and treatment device with efficient self-flow, multi-stage purification, and low maintenance cost to solve the contradiction between water resource recycling and ecological protection in the process of urbanization. The present invention proposes an innovative solution for the above technical pain points. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a stepped rainwater collection and treatment device. The device realizes the self-flow collection of rainwater through the design of a stepped structure with a higher outer part and a lower inner part, and integrates functions such as initial runoff rejection, sediment deposition, collaborative filtration, and multi-stage anti-overflow.

[0011] In order to achieve the above invention purposes, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0012] A stepped rainwater collection and treatment device, comprising: a plurality of stepped structures, a dirt screen 1, a rainwater initial runoff rejection device 2, a U-shaped grit chamber 3, a filtration device 6, a water tank 7, a siphon device 8, and a water storage device 9;

[0013] A detachable stainless steel dirt screen 1 is arranged above the side of the water tank 7 for intercepting large-particle impurities;

[0014] The rainwater initial runoff rejection device 2 is arranged below the dirt screen 1. The rainwater initial runoff rejection device 2 comprises: a water level sensor 21, a lower valve 22, and a side valve 23. The initial rainwater is discharged through the lower valve 22. When the water level reaches the preset threshold of the sensor 21, the lower valve 22 closes and the side valve 23 opens, and the rainwater flows into the U-shaped grit chamber 3 through the side valve 23;

[0015] The U-shaped grit chamber 3 is arranged downstream of the rainwater initial runoff rejection device 2. Its bottom is an inclined spiral sand discharge port, and a filtered water outlet A 4 and a filtered water outlet B are respectively arranged on the side and above;

[0016] A baffle 5 is arranged at the entrance of the water tank 7 for forcing the water flow to pass downward through the filtration device 6; the filtration device 6 is arranged inside the water tank 7;

[0017] A siphon device 8 is arranged on the top of the water tank 7 and automatically starts when the water level reaches the limit of the effective volume of the water tank;

[0018] Each water tank 7 is connected through a pipeline system, so that the water flow is filtered step by step and then flows into the water storage device 9.

[0019] Preferably, the outer edge of each step of the stepped structure is higher than the inner edge, forming an inwardly inclined slope.

[0020] Preferably, the dirt screen 1 adopts a detachable stainless steel mesh structure, and the mesh size is 2-5 mm.

[0021] Preferably, the pipeline system adopts a stepped pressure balance design, and the height difference between adjacent water tanks is 0.5-1.2 meters.

[0022] Preferably, the bottom of the U-shaped grit chamber 3 is provided with a spiral sand discharge port, and the inclination angle of the sand discharge port is 30-45 degrees.

[0023] Preferably, the filtering device 6 is composed of a biological filler layer and a crushed stone compaction layer. The biological filler layer is paved with crushed branches, and the crushed stone compaction layer is paved with natural stones;

[0024] Preferably, the water tank 7 adopts a modular assembly structure, and the side wall is provided with a transparent observation window and a sampling port.

[0025] Preferably, the siphon device 8 includes a Venturi tube structure, and the trigger water level is 85-95% of the effective volume of the water tank 7.

[0026] Preferably, the water storage device 9 is internally provided with an ultraviolet disinfection module and a water quality monitoring sensor for storing qualified rainwater.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. Through the overall structural design of the steps with higher outside and lower inside, rainwater automatically flows to the collection system under the action of gravity without external power drive, significantly reducing energy consumption and being suitable for rapid confluence of rainwater in large areas.

[0029] 2. Integrating a multi-stage treatment process of intelligent initial rainwater diversion, sediment precipitation, biodegradation and physical filtration, removing suspended solids, organic matter and particulate pollutants throughout the process, and the treated water quality reaches the standard of urban miscellaneous water and can be directly used for greening, flushing and other scenarios.

[0030] 3. Based on the anti-overflow design of the linkage between the siphon device and the multi-stage water tank, it can automatically adjust the water level and balance the pressure, and still operate stably under heavy rain or continuous rainfall conditions, avoiding system collapse or secondary pollution.

[0031] 4. Adopting a modular structure and natural filtering materials (branches, stones), the system maintenance only requires regular cleaning of the surface pollution interception net and sedimentation tank, and the filler replacement cycle is up to 1-2 years, reducing the comprehensive maintenance cost by more than 50%.

[0032] 5. Reducing urban rainwater runoff pollution, alleviating the pressure of groundwater recharge, and promoting regional water circulation;

[0033] 6. The device can be seamlessly integrated into building steps, garden landscapes or urban squares, combining practicality and aesthetics, and is suitable for various scenarios such as high-density urban areas, ecological parks, transportation hubs, etc., with significant promotion value. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the stepped rainwater collection and treatment device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the initial diversion device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3It is a structural schematic diagram of a water tank according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0038] This embodiment provides a step-type rainwater collection and treatment device, the structure of which is as follows: Figures 1 to 3 The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0039] 1. Step structure design and installation

[0040] The step structure is a reinforced concrete casting or prefabricated module assembly structure, each step (such as Figure 1 ) is 50-150 mm higher than the inner edge, forming an inwardly inclined slope (inclination angle 5-15°), and a diversion groove is set on the slope surface to guide rainwater to flow to the water tank 7 at the bottom of the step.

[0041] The height difference between adjacent steps is 0.5-1.2m, forming a stepped distribution, and the overall structure is integrated with the building or garden landscape.

[0042] 2. Core component installation

[0043] a. Trash screen 1 and initial flow rejection device 2

[0044] A detachable stainless steel dirt screen with a mesh size of 2-5 mm is installed above the water tank 7 on each step to intercept large particles of impurities such as leaves and stones. Figure 3 .

[0045] The downstream of the sewage blocking net 1 is connected to the rainwater initial discharge device 2. Figure 2 A water level sensor 21 is installed inside. During the initial rainfall, rainwater is discharged through the lower valve 22. When the water level reaches the threshold of the sensor 21, such as a water depth of 50 mm, the lower valve 22 is closed and the side valve 23 is opened, and the rainwater flows into the U-shaped grit chamber 3 through the side pipe 4.

[0046] bU type grit chamber 3

[0047] The U-shaped grit chamber 3 is located downstream of the discarding device 2. The bottom of the chamber is provided with a spiral sand discharge port inclined at 30-45 degrees. The sediment settles by gravity and is cleaned regularly. Filtered water outlet A and filtered water outlet B are provided on the side and top of the chamber respectively. The filtered water enters the water tank 7 through the pipe 4.

[0048] 4. Water tank 7 internal treatment system

[0049] a. Water retaining plate 5 and filter device 6

[0050] A water baffle 5 is provided at the inlet of the water tank 7 to force the water flow to pass downward through the filtering device 6.

[0051] The filtering device 6 consists of two layers:

[0052] Biological filler layer: Crushed branches with a particle size of 10 - 30 mm are laid with a thickness of 200 - 500 mm. Its porous structure is used to adsorb suspended substances and promote the degradation of organic substances by microorganisms;

[0053] Stone compaction layer: Natural stones with a particle size of 5 - 15 mm are laid with a thickness of 100 - 300 mm to prevent the biological filler from floating and enhance physical filtration.

[0054] b. Siphon device 8 and anti - overflow control

[0055] A siphon device 8 with a Venturi tube structure is installed on the top of the water tank 7. When the water level reaches 85 - 95% of the effective volume of the water tank, the siphon device 8 is automatically activated to suck the excess rainwater into the next - level water tank. The next - level water tank repeats the filtering work until the rainwater is discharged into the water storage device 14 after the last - level water tank.

[0056] 4. Multi - stage filtering and water storage system

[0057] Gradual filtration: The water treated by the water tank 7 flows into the next - level water tank through the bottom pipeline 9, and the next - level water tank repeats the filtering work until the rainwater is discharged into the water storage device 14 after the last - level water tank.

[0058] Water storage device 14: It can be internally equipped with an ultraviolet disinfection module and a water quality monitoring sensor to store the qualified rainwater for uses such as greening and flushing.

[0059] 5. Maintenance and cleaning

[0060] Trash screen 1 and grit chamber 3: Clean the sundries intercepted by the trash screen 1 every quarter, and remove the sediment in the grit chamber 3 through the spiral sand discharge port 3a.

[0061] Biological filler layer: Replace the branch filler once a year, and flush and maintain the stone layer every two years.

[0062] Modular design: Transparent observation windows and sampling ports are provided on the side wall of the water tank 7 for convenient real - time monitoring of water quality and maintenance operations.

[0063] Working principle

[0064] Rainwater collection: Rainwater flows into the water tank 7 along the stepped slope and large - particle impurities are intercepted by the trash screen 1;

[0065] Initial runoff diversion: The initially polluted rainwater is discharged through the runoff diversion device 2, and the clean rainwater in the middle and late stages enters the grit chamber 3 to precipitate sediment;

[0066] Bio-physical filtration: The water flow is directed by the baffle plate 5 to the filtration device 6, and pollutants are removed through the branch fillers and the gravel layer;

[0067] Gradual purification: After repeated filtration through multiple water tanks, the rainwater flows into the water storage device 14 for storage and standby;

[0068] Overflow protection: The siphon device 8 and the pipeline system ensure that the water levels of each water tank are controllable to prevent overflow.

[0069] Those of ordinary skill in the art will realize that the embodiments described herein are for helping the reader understand the implementation methods of the present invention, and it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other specific deformations and combinations that do not depart from the essence of the present invention based on the technical revelations disclosed in the present invention, and these deformations and combinations are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stepped rainwater collection and treatment device, characterized in that, Including: Multiple step structures, a trash screen (1), an initial rainwater runoff diversion device (2), a U-shaped grit chamber (3), a filtration device (6), a water tank (7), a siphon device (8), and a water storage device (9); A detachable stainless-steel trash screen (1) is arranged above the side of the water tank (7) for intercepting large-particle impurities; An initial rainwater runoff diversion device (2) is arranged below the trash screen (1). The initial rainwater runoff diversion device (2) includes: a water level sensor (21), a lower valve (22), and a side valve (23). The initial rainwater is discharged through the lower valve (22). When the water level reaches the preset threshold of the sensor (21), the lower valve (22) closes and the side valve (23) opens, and the rainwater flows into the U-shaped grit chamber (3) through the side valve (23); The U-shaped grit chamber (3) is arranged downstream of the initial rainwater runoff diversion device (2). Its bottom is an inclined spiral sand discharge port, and a filtered water outlet A (4) and a filtered water outlet B are respectively arranged on the side and above; A water baffle (5) is arranged at the entrance of the water tank (7) to force the water flow to pass downward through the filtration device (6); the filtration device (6) is arranged inside the water tank (7); A siphon device (8) is arranged at the top of the water tank (7) and is automatically started when the water level reaches the limit of the effective volume of the water tank; Each water tank (7) is connected through a pipeline system so that the water flow is gradually filtered and then flows into the water storage device (9).

2. The stepped rainwater collection and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer edge of each step of the step structure is higher than the inner edge to form an inwardly inclined slope.

3. The stepped rainwater collection and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trash screen (1) adopts a detachable stainless-steel mesh structure.

4. The stepped rainwater collection and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline system adopts a stepped pressure balance design, and the height difference between adjacent water tanks is 0.5 - 1.2 meters.

5. The stepped rainwater collection and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spiral sand discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped grit chamber (3), and the inclination angle of the sand discharge port is 30 - 45 degrees.

6. The stepped rainwater collection and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtration device (6) is composed of a biological filler layer and a crushed stone compaction layer. The biological filler layer is paved with crushed branches, and the crushed stone compaction layer is paved with natural stones.

7. The stepped rainwater collection and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water tank (7) adopts a modular assembly structure, and a transparent observation window and a sampling port are arranged on the side wall.

8. The stepped rainwater collection and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The siphon device (8) includes a Venturi tube structure, and the triggering water level is 85 - 95% of the effective volume of the water tank (7).

9. The stepped rainwater collection and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage device (9) is internally provided with an ultraviolet disinfection module and a water quality monitoring sensor for storing qualified rainwater.

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