Soil fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases and a preparation method of the soil fertilizer. The fertilizer is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: a compound organic fertilizer, a soil conditioner, a natural plant extract, a microbial agent, a chemical disease prevention component and water. According to the soil fertilizer comprehensively utilizing the organic fertilizer, the soil conditioner, the natural plant extract, the microbial agent and the chemical disease prevention components, through the synergistic effect of the various components, the soil quality can be improved, healthy growth of plants can be promoted, soil-borne diseases can be effectively prevented and treated, the soil fertilizer has high biocompatibility, and the soil quality is improved. The invention also provides a simple, convenient and low-cost fertilizer preparation method, which can improve the yield and quality of crops, reduce the use of pesticides and achieve the goal of sustainable agricultural development, and has strong market competitiveness. In the preparation process, the high efficiency and stability of the fertilizer are ensured by accurately controlling the component proportion and operation conditions, and a new solution is provided for agricultural production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and specifically to a soil fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soil-borne diseases are plant diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms in the soil, which widely affect agricultural production, resulting in poor growth, reduced yield and deteriorated quality of crops. Soil-borne diseases include various pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, and viruses. These pathogens are transmitted through the soil and infect the roots, stems and leaves of plants, and may even cause plant death in severe cases. Traditional control measures usually rely on chemical pesticides and soil disinfection. However, these methods not only damage the soil ecological environment, but may also have a negative impact on the growth of crops. Moreover, long-term use will lead to the enhancement of drug resistance of pathogenic microorganisms, and the environmental pollution problem is becoming increasingly serious.

[0003] In recent years, with the promotion of sustainable agricultural development and environmental protection concepts, ecological agriculture has gradually become the mainstream. Farmers' dependence on chemical pesticides has gradually decreased, and they have turned to more environmentally friendly control measures. This has prompted researchers to explore the use of natural ingredients such as organic fertilizers, microbial agents, plant extracts, and soil conditioners to develop fertilizer products with the effect of preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases.

[0004] Most of the existing soil fertilizers for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases focus on the control methods of single components or single functions. For example, chemical disease-preventing components are used or only organic fertilizers and plant extracts are used to improve the health level of the soil and prevent plant diseases. However, these existing products still have limitations in the control effect and cannot effectively integrate multiple control means. Therefore, the present invention provides a soil fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A soil fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases and a preparation method thereof. The fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight percentage:

[0007] Compound organic fertilizer: 30%-50%, including decomposed animal manure, leaf mold and plant straws;

[0008] Soil conditioner: 20%-30%, including lime, bentonite and natural ore powder;

[0009] Natural plant extract: 10%-15%, including garlic extract, turmeric extract and chinaberry tree extract;

[0010] Microbial inoculant: 5%-10%, including Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum;

[0011] Chemical disease prevention component: 2%-5%, being a low-toxicity and high-efficiency biological pesticide or natural mineral;

[0012] Moisture: 10%-15%.

[0013] The preparation method of the soil fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Prepare the compound organic fertilizer. Take the decomposed animal manure, leaf mold soil and plant straws, mix them in proportion and carry out fermentation treatment to obtain the decomposed organic fertilizer;

[0015] Step 2: Prepare the soil conditioner. Take lime, bentonite and natural ore powder, mix them in proportion and carry out pulverization treatment to obtain the soil conditioner;

[0016] Step 3: Extract the natural plant extract. Take garlic, turmeric and Melia azedarach, and carry out extraction to obtain the plant extract;

[0017] Step 4: Prepare the microbial inoculant. Select Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum, and cultivate to obtain the inoculant;

[0018] Step 5: Prepare the chemical disease prevention component. Select a low-toxicity and high-efficiency biological pesticide and prepare it into a liquid;

[0019] Step 6: Mix the components prepared in Steps 1 to 5 in proportion and stir evenly to obtain the soil fertilizer for preventing soil-borne diseases;

[0020] Step 7: Carry out drying treatment on the obtained fertilizer, and control the water content to be between 10% and 15%;

[0021] Step 8: Granulate, screen and package and store the dried fertilizer.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation treatment of the organic fertilizer in Step 1 is carried out under the condition that the temperature is controlled at 30°C to 40°C.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation time of the organic fertilizer is 30 - 60 days.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in Step 3, the natural plants are extracted by steam distillation.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stirring time of the components in Step 6 is more than 2 hours.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stirring is carried out at normal temperature, and the normal temperature is 20°C to 30°C.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drying temperature of the fertilizer in step seven is controlled at 40°C - 50°C.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the screening size of the particles in step eight is between 4 - 6 millimeters.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fertilizer drying method in step seven adopts the low-temperature air-flow drying method.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. The present invention proposes a soil fertilizer that comprehensively utilizes organic fertilizers, soil conditioners, natural plant extracts, microbial agents, and chemical disease-preventing components. Through the synergistic effect of various components, it can not only improve soil quality, promote the healthy growth of plants, but also effectively prevent and control soil-borne diseases.

[0032] 2. The soil fertilizer in the present invention has high biocompatibility, can increase crop yield and quality, reduce pesticide use, and achieve the goal of sustainable agricultural development.

[0033] 3. The present invention also provides a simple and low-cost fertilizer preparation method, which has strong market competitiveness. During the preparation process, by precisely controlling the ingredient ratio and operating conditions, the efficiency and stability of the fertilizer are ensured, providing a new solution for agricultural production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the fertilizer preparation steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0035] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "first", "second", "third", "fourth" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more, and unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined, it falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1: The present invention provides a technical solution: The fertilizer is composed of the following components by weight percentage:

[0039] Compound organic fertilizer: 30%-50%, including decomposed animal manure, leaf mold, and plant straws;

[0040] Soil conditioner: 20%-30%, including lime, bentonite, and natural ore powder;

[0041] Natural plant extracts: 10%-15%, including garlic extract, turmeric extract, and neem tree extract;

[0042] Microbial inoculant: 5%-10%, including Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum;

[0043] Chemical disease prevention component: 2%-5%, being a low-toxic and highly effective biological pesticide or natural mineral;

[0044] Moisture: 10%-15%.

[0045] In this example, the decomposed animal manure, leaf mold, and plant straws can provide rich organic matter, improve the soil structure, and enhance the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil; the decomposed organic matter provides a nutrient source for soil microorganisms, enhances the biological activity of the soil, and promotes the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms; by providing decomposed organic matter, the soil pH value is adjusted to maintain the appropriate pH range of the soil; the nutrient release of the organic fertilizer is relatively slow, which can continuously supply the nutrients required by crops and reduce fertilizer waste.

[0046] Lime, bentonite, and natural ore powder, among which bentonite can improve the air permeability and water retention capacity of the soil, increase the soil aggregate structure, and prevent soil compaction; lime can effectively increase the soil pH value, especially in acidic soils, to help crops better absorb nutrients; natural ore powder can provide various trace elements for the soil, help plant growth, and promote plant health.

[0047] Garlic extract, turmeric extract and neem tree extract. Among them, garlic and turmeric extracts have natural antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal effects, which help reduce the infection of pathogens on the soil and plants; neem tree extract has natural insecticidal and insect repellent effects, which can effectively reduce pest infestation and enhance the resistance of plants; the natural components in these plant extracts can promote plant growth and improve the stress resistance of plants, such as drought resistance and salt-alkali resistance.

[0048] Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum. Among them, Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum can increase the number of beneficial microorganisms in the soil and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria; these microorganisms help convert the organic matter in the soil into nutrients that plants can directly absorb, improving soil fertility; Trichoderma harzianum is a natural biological control agent that can effectively inhibit fungal diseases in the soil.

[0049] Low-toxicity and high-efficiency biological pesticides. These ingredients can effectively prevent the occurrence of plant diseases, especially against some common pathogens such as fungi and bacteria, reducing the occurrence of crop diseases; using low-toxicity and high-efficiency biological pesticides or natural minerals can reduce the use of chemical pesticides and protect the environment and ecosystem.

[0050] Water. Appropriate water helps the uniform distribution and release of fertilizers, facilitating fertilization operations; water helps the fertilizer components dissolve quickly in the soil, enabling plants to quickly absorb the required nutrients.

[0051] Example 2: The present invention provides a technical solution: a preparation method of a soil fertilizer for preventing soil-borne diseases, comprising the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Prepare a compound organic fertilizer. Take decomposed animal manure, leaf mold and plant straws, mix them in proportion and carry out fermentation treatment to obtain a decomposed organic fertilizer;

[0053] Step 2: Prepare a soil conditioner. Take lime, bentonite and natural ore powder, mix them in proportion and carry out pulverization treatment to obtain a soil conditioner;

[0054] Step 3: Extract natural plant extracts. Take garlic, turmeric and neem tree, and carry out extraction to obtain plant extracts;

[0055] Step 4: Prepare a microbial agent. Select Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum and culture them to obtain an agent;

[0056] Step 5: Prepare chemical disease prevention ingredients. Select low-toxicity and high-efficiency biological pesticides and prepare them into a liquid;

[0057] Step 6: Mix the components prepared in Step 1 to Step 5 in proportion and stir evenly to obtain a soil fertilizer for preventing soil-borne diseases;

[0058] Step 7: Dry the obtained fertilizer, and control the water content to be between 10% and 15%;

[0059] Step 8: Granulate, screen, and package and store the dried fertilizer.

[0060] The organic fertilizer fermentation treatment in Step 1 is carried out under the condition that the temperature is controlled at 30°C to 40°C.

[0061] The fermentation time of the organic fertilizer is 30 - 60 days.

[0062] In Step 3, the natural plants are extracted by steam distillation.

[0063] The stirring time of each component in Step 6 is more than 2 hours.

[0064] The stirring is carried out at normal temperature, and the normal temperature is 20°C to 30°C.

[0065] The fertilizer drying temperature in Step 7 is controlled at 40°C - 50°C.

[0066] The screening size of the particles in Step 8 is between 4 and 6 mm.

[0067] The fertilizer drying method in Step 7 adopts the low-temperature air-flow drying method.

[0068] Working principle:

[0069] 1. Select decomposed animal manure, leaf mold, and plant straws, mix them in a ratio of 3:2:1, and carry out sufficient fermentation treatment. The fermentation temperature is controlled between 30°C and 40°C, and the fermentation period is 30 to 60 days. Ensure that the raw materials are completely decomposed to avoid introducing pathogenic bacteria;

[0070] 2. Take lime, bentonite, and natural ore powder, mix them in proportion and carry out pulverization treatment to obtain a soil conditioner. This conditioner can adjust the soil pH, improve the soil structure, increase soil air permeability, and promote microbial activities;

[0071] 3. Extract plant essences from garlic, turmeric, and Melia azedarach by steam distillation extraction method to obtain natural plant extracts with disease resistance and antioxidant properties;

[0072] 4. Select beneficial Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum, carry out strain cultivation to obtain highly effective microbial inoculants. These microorganisms can inhibit the reproduction of soil-borne pathogenic bacteria and promote the health of plant roots;

[0073] 5. Mix the components obtained in 1 and 4 in the described ratio, stir evenly to ensure that each component is evenly distributed. Finally, add an environmentally friendly chemical disease prevention component and continue to stir until completely fused.

[0074] 6. Treat the mixed fertilizer by the low-temperature air-flow drying method, keeping the temperature between 40°C and 50°C to avoid damaging the active ingredients of the fertilizer. After treatment, package the fertilizer and store it in a dry and cool place.

[0075] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, in any aspect, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Accordingly, all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A soil fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases, characterized in that: This fertilizer consists of the following components by weight percentage: Compound organic fertilizer: 30% - 50%, including decomposed animal manure, leaf mold, and plant straws; Soil conditioner: 20% - 30%, including lime, bentonite, and natural ore powder; Natural plant extracts: 10% - 15%, including garlic extract, turmeric extract, and neem tree extract; Microbial inoculant: 5% - 10%, including Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum; Chemical disease-preventing component: 2% - 5%, being a low-toxicity and high-efficiency biological pesticide or natural mineral; Moisture: 10% - 15%.

2. A method for preparing a soil fertilizer for controlling soil-borne diseases, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare the compound organic fertilizer. Take decomposed animal manure, leaf mold, and plant straws, mix them in proportion and conduct fermentation treatment to obtain the decomposed organic fertilizer; Step 2: Prepare the soil conditioner. Take lime, bentonite, and natural ore powder, mix them in proportion and conduct pulverization treatment to obtain the soil conditioner; Step 3: Extract the natural plant extracts. Take garlic, turmeric, and neem tree and conduct extraction to obtain the plant extracts; Step 4: Prepare the microbial inoculant. Select Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum and culture to obtain the inoculant; Step 5: Prepare the chemical disease-preventing component. Select a low-toxicity and high-efficiency biological pesticide and prepare it into a liquid; Step 6: Mix the components prepared in Step 1 to Step 5 in proportion and stir evenly to obtain the soil fertilizer for preventing soil-borne diseases; Step 7: Conduct drying treatment on the obtained fertilizer and control the water content to be between 10% - 15%; Step 8: Granulate, screen, and package and store the dried fertilizer.

3. A method for preparing a soil fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer fermentation treatment in Step 1 is carried out under the condition that the temperature is controlled at 30°C to 40°C.

4. A method for preparing a soil fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fermentation time of the organic fertilizer is 30 - 60 days.

5. A method for preparing a soil fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: In Step 3, the natural plants are extracted by steam distillation.

6. A method for preparing a soil fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring time of each component in Step 6 is more than 2 hours.

7. A method for preparing a soil fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring is carried out at normal temperature, and the normal temperature is between 20°C and 30°C.

8. A method for preparing a soil fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying temperature of the fertilizer in Step 7 is controlled at 40°C - 50°C.

9. A method for preparing a soil fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening size of the granules in Step 8 is between 4 - 6 mm.

10. A method for preparing a soil fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer drying method in Step 7 adopts the low-temperature air-flow drying method.

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