Antistatic fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application provides an antistatic fiber and a preparation method thereof. The antistatic fiber comprises the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of polyester chips, 15 to 40 parts of polyether block polymers, and 2 to 10 parts of an organic metal salt; wherein the polyether block polymer comprises a polyether segment and a rigid segment, the rigid segment comprising a polyamide segment or a polyester segment, and the organic metal salt comprises a monovalent metal ion and a divalent metal ion, and the molar ratio of the monovalent metal ion to the divalent metal ion is (3 to 5):1. The antistatic fiber constructs a conductive network in a polyester matrix by embedding a composite conductive system of mobile monovalent metal ions and cross-linkable divalent metal ions in the polyether block polymer, thereby achieving a comprehensive antistatic effect of fast conductive response speed, stable ion network structure, and high conductivity retention after washing. The fiber is particularly suitable for high-demand application scenarios such as dry environments, long-term use, and fiber deep processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of functional fibers, and in particular to an antistatic fiber and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Polyester fibers (such as PET) are widely used in clothing, home textiles, industrial fabrics, and other fields, offering advantages such as excellent mechanical properties, good thermal stability, and strong processability. However, polyester polymers have a non-polar or weakly polar structure, and charges easily accumulate on their surfaces. This can easily lead to static electricity accumulation in dry environments, which not only affects wearing comfort but also poses safety risks such as dust absorption and spark discharge. Therefore, the development of polyester-based antistatic fibers with long-term, stable antistatic properties has become a research hotspot in the industry.

[0003] Existing technical approaches for antistatic fibers primarily include: 1) adding conductive fillers (such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and conductive metal powders) to the fibers; 2) introducing conductive polymers (such as PEDOT:PSS and PANI) to create a conductive network; and 3) blending antistatic agents (such as quaternary ammonium salts and segmented polyethers) or applying an antistatic finish to the fiber surface. These approaches present challenges with conductive fillers, including difficulty dispersing, poor processing adaptability, and reduced fiber flexibility. Conductive polymers have a narrow processing temperature window and poor stability. Small molecule antistatic agents are prone to migration and loss, and lack stability in water washing. This is particularly true when fibers require stable conductivity under long-term drying conditions and good spinning compatibility. Traditional approaches struggle to balance conductivity, mechanical properties, and process compatibility.

[0004] Patent CN112442163A discloses a method for preparing a high-molecular-weight polyester antistatic agent. The method uses a salt-containing dibasic acid, which is then reacted with a sulfonic acid-modified polyether diol to form a polyether ester macromolecule containing metal ions. The resulting polymer antistatic agent, which has a benzene ring structure, utilizes the dual conductive effects of the polyether ester and the metal ions to enhance antistatic properties. Furthermore, the sulfonic acid groups contained in the sulfonic acid-modified polyether diol further enhance its antistatic effect. A problem with this patent is that its antistatic effect primarily relies on the polyether segments and sulfonic acid groups. Although the antistatic agent contains metal ions, these metal ions are primarily embedded in the main chain in the form of ionic and coordination bonds, which have little effect on the conductivity of the antistatic agent. Consequently, its antistatic properties are significantly affected by humidity.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an antistatic fiber with a more stable structure, longer-lasting conductivity and stronger processing adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides an antistatic fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein the antistatic fiber has good and stable antistatic properties.

[0007] In the first aspect, the present application provides an antistatic fiber comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 100 parts of polyester chips, 15 to 40 parts of polyether block polymers, and 2 to 10 parts of organic metal salts; wherein the polyether block polymer comprises a polyether segment and a rigid segment, the rigid segment comprises a polyamide segment or a polyester segment, and the organic metal salt comprises a monovalent metal ion and a divalent metal ion, and the molar ratio of the monovalent metal ion to the divalent metal ion is (3 to 5):1.

[0008] According to the present application, the antistatic fiber constructs a composite conductive system constructed by embedding migratable monovalent metal ions and cross-linkable divalent metal ions in a polyether block polymer, and constructs a conductive network in a polyester matrix, thereby achieving a comprehensive antistatic effect with fast conductive response speed, stable ion network structure, and high conductivity retention rate after washing. It is particularly suitable for high-requirement application scenarios such as dry environments, long-term use, and deep fiber processing.

[0009] Specifically, in the present application, a polyether block polymer and an organic metal salt are simultaneously introduced into a polyester matrix, wherein the polyether block polymer has both conductive and structural support functions in the system. The polyether segment is rich in ether oxygen sites and can form dynamic hopping channels with monovalent metal ions through reversible coordination, thereby providing an efficient ion migration path, thereby obtaining a conductive path with a good conductive response speed; and the polyamide or polyester segment in the block structure has high rigidity, good melt processing performance, and good compatibility with the polyester matrix, thereby providing segment support and fiber molding strength, so that the conductive polyether segment is stably distributed in the fiber and avoids phase separation or shrinkage collapse during processing;

[0010] The above-mentioned organic metal salt includes both monovalent metal ions and divalent metal ions. The monovalent metal ions have strong migration ability and good coordination reversibility, and mainly cooperate with the polyether segment to play a role in migration and conduction. The divalent metal ions contain multiple coordination and complexing sites, thus having strong coordination and complexing ability, and can form a multi-point complexing structure with the polar functional groups in the polyether segment and block, and serve as a "dynamic anchor point" to support the ion network three-dimensionally inside the polymer matrix, thereby constructing a conductive network with the coordinated existence of "flexible migration channel + rigid anchoring skeleton". At the same time, the molar ratio of monovalent metal ions to divalent metal ions is controlled in the range of (3~5):1, which not only ensures the conductive amount of free monovalent metal ions, but also maintains a sufficient anchoring density, prevents the collapse of the system structure or the breakage of the conductive path, and makes the antistatic fiber have long-lasting and stable antistatic properties.

[0011] At the same time, it can be understood that the organic anions in the organic metal salts have the advantages of large volume, low polarization and easy dissociation compared to common inorganic anions. In the above-mentioned antistatic fiber system, they can effectively reduce the binding tendency of monovalent metal ions and divalent metal ions, and increase the ratio of free monovalent metal ions and divalent metal ions in the system, which is beneficial to enhance the migration rate of monovalent metal ions, while providing more dynamic cross-linking sites and improving the stability of the conductive network; at the same time, the organic anions have better compatibility with the polyester matrix, are not easy to migrate and precipitate, and have little effect on the mechanical properties of the fiber; the polyamide or polyester segment in the polyether block polymer can improve the thermal stability of the polyether segment, and the cross-linking effect of the divalent metal ions on the polyether segment in the system can also improve the thermal stability of the polyether segment, so that the polyether block polymer has good thermal processing properties.

[0012] In summary, through the coordinated design of the above components, the present application can establish an ion conductive network with the characteristics of "migration + anchoring + reversible reconstruction" in the polyester matrix, so that it can have long-term stability in practical textile applications such as thermal processing and water washing, and obtain antistatic fibers with long-term stability.

[0013] In some embodiments, the polyether block polymer comprises a polyether segment and a polyamide segment, wherein the polyether segment is a polyethylene oxide segment, and the mass percentage of the polyether segment in the polyether block polymer is 50% to 70%.

[0014] In some of the above embodiments, when the above-mentioned polyether block polymer is used, the antistatic effect of the antistatic fiber is better. The polyether segment in the polyether block polymer is a polyethylene oxide (PEO) segment. The ether oxygen site density on the PEO segment is higher. By forming dynamic coordination with monovalent metal ions, the migration rate of monovalent metal ions can be significantly improved, further improving the antistatic performance; the polyamide segment in the polyether block polymer has a strong interchain hydrogen bond effect and a thermoplastic rigid structure, which can provide network support and compatibility buffering during the melt spinning process, prevent excessive flow or phase separation of the PEO segment, and effectively improve the compatibility and processability of the polyether block polymer in the polyester matrix. Compared with the polyester segment, the polyamide segment has a better coordination effect with divalent metal ions, which is beneficial to improve the divalent metal ion. The ability of dynamically anchoring metal ions promotes the formation of a conductive network, reduces the amount of divalent metal ions in the system, and reduces the precipitation of divalent metal salts of organic anions; at the same time, controlling the mass percentage of polyethylene oxide segments in the polyether block polymer at 50%~70% helps to achieve a balance between conductive properties and material structure stability. When the proportion of polyether segments is too low, the migration efficiency of monovalent metal ions is insufficient, affecting the conductive properties; and when the proportion is too high, it is easy to cause segment crystallization and reduced compatibility. The crystallization of polyether segments will also affect the migration of monovalent metal ions. Reduced compatibility leads to reduced conductivity and stability. Too high a proportion will also reduce the thermal stability of the polyether segments.

[0015] It should be noted that the term "polyether block polymer" has a well-known meaning in the art, namely, a polymer containing polyether segments and other polymer segments. For example, in one embodiment of the present application, the polyether block polymer is PEO-b-PA12 (polyethylene oxide-b-polyamide 12) having a weight-average molecular weight of 9000 and a polyethylene oxide segment content of 70% by weight.

[0016] In some embodiments, the organic anion in the organometallic salt is a bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion.

[0017] In some of the above embodiments, the bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion (TFSI - ) As an organic anion with large volume, delocalized charge distribution and extremely weak coordination ability, it can significantly reduce the degree of association between metal cations and anions, thereby increasing the proportion of free metal ions in the system, improving ion migration efficiency and enhancing antistatic response speed; at the same time, TFSI - It has better dispersibility and thermal stability in polymer systems, avoiding the problems of salt precipitation, degradation or failure during high-temperature melt processing; in addition, TFSI -Hydrophobic organic anions are less likely to form unfavorable associations with the polyester matrix or polar ligands, thus maintaining a uniform distribution of metal cations within the polymer microphase and enhancing the conductive synergistic effect with the polyether segments. Therefore, the use of metal salts of these organic anions can further enhance the stability and environmental resistance of the antistatic conductive network while maintaining the thermal stability and processability of the system, thereby improving the antistatic properties of the fiber.

[0018] In some embodiments, the monovalent metal ions include lithium ions; and the divalent metal ions include zinc ions and / or magnesium ions.

[0019] In some of the above embodiments, lithium ions, as small-sized cations with high mobility, form reversible coordination effects with ether oxygen groups in polyether segments, which is better, and construct fast-response ion migration channels, which can further improve the conductivity of the conductive network; zinc ions and magnesium ions are divalent metal ions with high coordination ability, which can form multidentate coordination complex structures with polar groups and ligands such as amide groups and carbonyl groups in polymer segments, act as anchor nodes of the conductive network, stabilize the conductive path from the spatial structure, and improve network integrity and water washing retention rate; at the same time, zinc ions and magnesium ions are both metal ions with high stability and low side reaction risk, and have good bridging coordination configuration and dynamic reconstruction ability, which can provide reversible support for conductive channels during fiber processing and use. Therefore, when lithium ions are used as mobile monovalent metal ions and zinc ions and / or magnesium ions as cross-linkable divalent metal ions, the structural retention ability of the ion conductive network under thermal processing, high stress stretching and multiple water washing environments can be further improved, thereby making the antistatic performance of the fiber better.

[0020] In some embodiments, the organometallic salt comprises a mixture of LiTFSI and Zn(TFSI)2 in a molar ratio of (3-5):1.

[0021] In some embodiments, the following raw materials are further included in parts by weight: 0.2 to 2 parts of small molecule ligand for chelating divalent metal ions.

[0022] In some of the above embodiments, the introduction of small molecule ligands can further regulate the coordination state and spatial distribution of divalent metal ions, effectively reducing the uneven aggregation, excessive cross-linking or crystallization of divalent metal ions in the polymer system; small molecule ligands have strong coordination ability and can form stable chelate complexes around metal ions on the molecular scale, while retaining a certain degree of dynamicity, so that the anchoring network has dynamic recovery ability, and the conductive channel has the ability to self-recover under external force, water washing or heat treatment conditions; at the same time, small molecule ligands can also reduce the problem of divalent metal ion precipitation caused by insufficient ligands in the system; by adding 0.2~2 parts by mass of ligands that can chelate divalent metal ions, the availability and dispersion of divalent metal ions can be effectively improved while maintaining high mechanical properties and processing adaptability, so that the coordination anchoring structure is evenly embedded in the polymer matrix, and a more continuous and stable three-dimensional conductive network is constructed, thereby further improving the performance stability of the antistatic fiber in long-term use and complex environments.

[0023] In some embodiments, the small molecule ligand includes an anchoring ligand and a dynamic ligand, and the molar ratio of the anchoring ligand to the dynamic ligand is 1:(2~4); wherein the anchoring ligand includes a phenanthroline ligand; and the dynamic ligand includes a phenylimidazole ligand.

[0024] In some of the above embodiments, the anchoring ligand has a strong multi-dentate coordination ability and can form a stable chelate structure with divalent metal ions, which is used to anchor the conductive chain segments or fixed nodes in space, thereby improving the structural stability and water-washing resistance of the conductive network; while the dynamic ligand has a higher coordination exchange rate and flexible chain segments, which can reconstruct the network connection points when the chain segments shrink and the interface is disturbed during use, so that the conductive channel has a certain self-repair ability; by compounding the anchoring and dynamic ligands in a molar ratio of 1: (2~4), the anchoring ligand provides local rigid nodes and the dynamic ligand provides elastic connections between chains, thereby constructing a stable and strain-adaptive ion conductive path inside the fiber, further delaying the influence of static electricity accumulation on the conductive path, and improving the conductivity retention of the fiber during use.

[0025] In addition, phenanthroline ligands and phenylimidazole ligands have high boiling points and are suitable for the production and processing of polyester fibers. As an example, in one embodiment of the present application, 1,10-phenanthroline is used as an anchoring ligand and benzimidazole is used as a dynamic ligand.

[0026] In some embodiments, the polyester chips have a weight-average molecular weight of 20,000 to 40,000. Based on these embodiments, polyester chips with this weight-average molecular weight can improve the uniformity of dispersion and interfacial compatibility of the modified component within the matrix while maintaining fiber tensile strength and thermal processing stability. This avoids issues such as excessive melt processing viscosity and uneven blending caused by excessively high matrix molecular weight, resulting in excellent processability. As an example, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) polyester chips with a weight-average molecular weight of 25,000 are used in one embodiment of this application.

[0027] In some embodiments, the weight-average molecular weight of the polyether block polymer is 3000 to 15000. Based on the above embodiment, the polyether block polymer with the above weight-average molecular weight can ensure the continuity and activity of the ion migration channel, while also helping to improve its compatibility with the polyester matrix and reduce the risk of microphase separation caused by excessive molecular chain length.

[0028] In some embodiments, the antistatic fiber further includes 0.1 to 2 parts of an antioxidant. Based on the above embodiments, the antioxidant can reduce oxidative decomposition of components in the system during processing and use. As an example, antioxidant 1010 is used as the antioxidant in one embodiment of the present application.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an antistatic fiber, comprising:

[0030] Providing a raw material for the antistatic fiber according to any embodiment of the first aspect;

[0031] The raw materials are melt-spun to obtain antistatic fibers.

[0032] According to the present application, the method realizes the in-situ construction of an ion conductive network during the fiber forming process by blending a polyester matrix, a polyether block polymer, an organic metal salt and an optional small molecule ligand in a molten state, thereby avoiding the problems of easy migration and failure of traditional antistatic agents after finishing, and effectively improving the durability of the antistatic function and the uniformity of the fiber surface; the method does not require the use of organic solvents or water dispersion systems, is suitable for conventional spinning platform process conditions of polyester fibers, has a stable preparation process and strong compatibility, and is convenient for industrial-scale application; at the same time, metal ions and polyether block polymers can form a dynamic coordination structure in the molten state, which is conducive to the construction of spatially continuous ion channels during the fiber cooling and shaping process, thereby giving the fiber long-lasting and stable antistatic properties.

[0033] In some embodiments, the method further comprises the following step: subjecting the antistatic fiber to a heat setting treatment at 120-150°C.

[0034] In some of the above embodiments, by performing heat setting treatment in the range of 120~150°C, the conductive ion network structure inside the fiber can be further stabilized without destroying the main chain structure of the polyester fiber; the reason is that this temperature range can activate the local segment movement of the polyether segment, so that the coordination-dissociation-recoordinated process between the lithium ions and the polyether segment tends to be balanced, and at the same time promotes the spatial reconstruction of the coordination structure between the divalent metal ions and the ligand / segment, thereby forming a stable conductive network; at the same time, the heat setting process can also improve the dimensional stability and crystallinity of the fiber, inhibit the migration and loss of conductive components during long-term use or multiple water washings, and help to further enhance the durability and environmental adaptability of the antistatic performance.

[0035] In some embodiments, the specific conditions of melt spinning include: the raw materials are melt-extruded through a twin-screw melt spinning machine, the twin-screw melt spinning machine is divided into 6 sections for temperature control, the temperatures of each section are 220~230℃, 230~240℃, 240~250℃, 250~255℃, 255~260℃, and 260~265℃, respectively, spinning at a spinning speed of 500~2000m / min, cooling and stretching to obtain antistatic fiber, and the stretching ratio is 2.5~4.0 times.

[0036] In a third aspect, the present application also provides an antistatic fabric, which includes the antistatic fiber according to any embodiment of the first aspect, or the antistatic fiber obtained by the method according to any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0037] According to the present application, the antistatic fabric includes the antistatic fiber described in any embodiment of the first aspect, or the antistatic fiber obtained by the method described in any embodiment of the second aspect, and therefore has the beneficial effects of the first aspect or the second aspect, that is, the antistatic fabric has good long-term antistatic properties.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0039] 1) The antistatic fiber has fast response, stable and efficient antistatic performance, and can still maintain good conductivity in environments prone to static accumulation such as dryness and friction;

[0040] 2) The conductive network is built inside the fiber, with a stable structure and uniform distribution, and has excellent water-washing durability and long-term performance;

[0041] 3) The components have good melt blending compatibility and processing adaptability. The fibers can be formed by conventional melt spinning, which is a simple process and easy to scale up industrially. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The various embodiments or implementation schemes in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0043] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0044] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0045] In the description of this specification, unless otherwise specified, "parts" refer to "parts by mass".

[0046] The following are examples of the present application. The examples described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the examples, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or in the product instructions are used. Reagents or instruments used without manufacturer specified are all commercially available conventional products, and the equipment used in the implementation process is conventional spinning equipment.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Preparation method of antistatic fiber:

[0049] Take 100 parts of PET polyester chips with a weight-average molecular weight of 25,000, 25 parts of PEO-b-PA12 (the mass percentage of PEO segment is about 70%, and the weight-average molecular weight is about 9,000), 8 parts of organic metal salt (a mixture of LiTFSI and Zn(TFSI)2 with a molar ratio of 4:1), 1 part of small molecule ligand (a molar ratio of 1,10-phenanthroline and benzimidazole of 1:3), and 1 part of antioxidant 1010, mix them evenly, and then dry them at 120°C under vacuum conditions for 6 hours.

[0050] The dried raw materials were fed into a twin-screw melt spinning machine for melt extrusion and mixing, followed by cooling and drawing to obtain nascent antistatic fibers. The twin-screw melt spinning machine was temperature-controlled in six sections, with the section temperatures being 220°C, 230°C, 240°C, 250°C, 255°C, and 260°C, respectively. The spinning speed was 800 m / min, and the draft ratio was 3.0. Subsequently, the nascent antistatic fibers were heat-set at 140°C for 30 minutes and cooled to obtain the antistatic fibers.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] Preparation method of antistatic fiber:

[0053] It is roughly the same as Example 1, except that PEO-b-PA12 (PEO segment mass percentage is about 45%, weight average molecular weight is about 9000) is used instead of PEO-b-PA12 (PEO segment mass percentage is about 70%, weight average molecular weight is about 9000).

[0054] Example 3

[0055] Preparation method of antistatic fiber:

[0056] The process is substantially the same as Example 1, except that lithium bis(oxalatoborate) is used instead of LiTFSI.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] Preparation method of antistatic fiber:

[0059] The process is substantially the same as Example 1, except that NaTFSI is used instead of LiTFSI.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] Preparation method of antistatic fiber:

[0062] The process is substantially the same as Example 1, except that no small molecule ligand is added.

[0063] Example 6

[0064] Preparation method of antistatic fiber:

[0065] The process is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the small molecule ligand is 1,10-phenanthroline and benzimidazole in a molar ratio of 1:1.

[0066] Example 7

[0067] Preparation method of antistatic fiber:

[0068] The process is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the small molecule ligand is benzimidazole.

[0069] Example 8

[0070] Preparation method of antistatic fiber:

[0071] The method is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the nascent antistatic fiber is not subjected to heat setting treatment and is used as the antistatic fiber.

[0072] Comparative Example 1

[0073] Preparation method of antistatic fiber:

[0074] The process is substantially the same as Example 1, except that an equal amount of lithium nitrate is used instead of LiTFSI.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] Preparation method of antistatic fiber:

[0077] The process is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the organic metal salt is only LiTFSI.

[0078] Comparative Example 3

[0079] Preparation method of antistatic fiber:

[0080] The method is substantially the same as Example 1, except that the organic metal salt is only Zn(TFSI)2.

[0081] Comparative Example 4

[0082] Preparation method of antistatic fiber:

[0083] Take 100 parts of PET polyester chips with a weight-average molecular weight of 25,000, 33 parts of PEO-b-PA12 (PEO segment mass percentage is about 70%, weight-average molecular weight is about 9,000), 1 part of small molecule ligand (1,10-phenanthroline and benzimidazole with a molar ratio of 1:3), and 1 part of antioxidant 1010, mix them evenly, and then dry them at 120°C under vacuum conditions for 6 hours.

[0084] The dried raw materials were fed into a twin-screw melt spinning machine for melt extrusion and mixing, followed by cooling and drawing to obtain nascent antistatic fibers. The twin-screw melt spinning machine was temperature-controlled in six sections, with the section temperatures being 220°C, 230°C, 240°C, 250°C, 255°C, and 260°C, respectively. The spinning speed was 800 m / min, and the draft ratio was 3.0. Subsequently, the nascent antistatic fibers were heat-set at 140°C for 30 minutes and cooled to obtain the antistatic fibers.

[0085] Comparative Example 5

[0086] Preparation method of antistatic fiber:

[0087] Take 100 parts of PET polyester chips with a weight-average molecular weight of 25,000, 33 parts of organic metal salt (a mixture of LiTFSI and Zn(TFSI)2 with a molar ratio of 4:1), 1 part of small molecule ligand (a molar ratio of 1,10-phenanthroline and benzimidazole of 1:3), and 1 part of antioxidant 1010, mix them evenly, and then dry them at 120°C under vacuum conditions for 6 hours.

[0088] The dried raw materials were fed into a twin-screw melt spinning machine for melt extrusion and mixing, followed by cooling and drawing to obtain nascent antistatic fibers. The twin-screw melt spinning machine was temperature-controlled in six sections, with the section temperatures being 220°C, 230°C, 240°C, 250°C, 255°C, and 260°C, respectively. The spinning speed was 800 m / min, and the draft ratio was 3.0. Subsequently, the nascent antistatic fibers were heat-set at 140°C for 30 minutes and cooled to obtain the antistatic fibers.

[0089] Test section

[0090] The antistatic fibers obtained in each embodiment and comparative example were loomed into plain fabrics (both the warp and weft yarns were the antistatic fibers in the embodiments, with a weaving density of approximately 28 yarns / cm×24 yarns / cm). The surface resistivity of the plain fabrics to be tested was tested (temperature 25°C, humidity 40%, voltage 100 V) with reference to GB / T 12703.4-2020 “Evaluation of electrostatic properties of textiles - Part 4: Resistivity”. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0091] The plain fabric to be tested was washed 20 times in accordance with GB / T 8629-2017 “Household Washing and Drying Procedure for Textile Testing” and then dried to a constant weight. The surface resistivity was then tested. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0092] Table 1

[0093]

[0094] According to Table 1, the surface resistivity and surface resistivity after 20 washings of the antistatic fiber products obtained in each embodiment are lower than those in the comparative example, indicating that the antistatic fiber provided by the present application has good antistatic properties. Among them, lithium nitrate is used as a lithium source in comparative example 1. Nitrate and metal ions have a strong ability to associate in the system, which will reduce the content of free lithium ions and zinc ions in the system, resulting in a decrease in the antistatic performance of the fiber. At the same time, the associated lithium nitrate and zinc nitrate are easily precipitated, resulting in a significant attenuation of the antistatic performance after washing. In comparative example 2, no divalent metal ions are added, and there is a lack of cross-linking sites, which makes it difficult for the system to form a three-dimensional conductive network, so that the antistatic performance of the fiber is relatively poor. At the same time, the stability of the conductive path that is not cross-linked is poor, and the antistatic performance attenuates greatly after washing. In comparative example 3, no monovalent metal ions are added. Due to the lack of ions that can migrate, the antistatic performance is mainly provided by the polyether block polymer, but Its antistatic performance is significantly affected by the ambient humidity. Under the test conditions, the antistatic performance is very weak. After washing with water, the polyether chain segment has a lower water absorption regularity, the structure becomes looser, and the antistatic performance is further attenuated. In Comparative Example 4, no organic metal salt is added, and there is also a lack of migratable ions. Under the test conditions, the antistatic performance is very weak, and the antistatic performance is further attenuated after washing with water. In Comparative Example 5, no polyether block polymer is added, and there is a lack of migrating chain segments inside. Conductive conduction is achieved only by local dipole transitions or short-range coordination transitions of ions, and the antistatic performance is weak. At the same time, due to the lack of spatial constraints on metal ions and ligands by the polyether block polymer, small molecule ligands and ions are easily lost during the washing process, resulting in serious attenuation of the antistatic performance after washing with water.

[0095] According to Example 1 and Example 2, the content of the polyether segment in the polyether block polymer has a certain influence on the antistatic properties of the fiber. When the content of the polyether segment in the polyether block polymer is within an appropriate range, the antistatic properties are better.

[0096] According to Examples 1, 3, and 4, the type of organic metal salt has a certain influence on the antistatic performance of the fiber. When bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide metal salt is used, the antistatic performance of the fiber is better.

[0097] According to Examples 1, 5 to 7, whether small molecule ligands are added to the fiber and the type of small molecule ligands have a certain influence on the antistatic properties of the fiber. When a certain proportion of anchoring ligands and dynamic ligands are further added to the fiber system, the antistatic properties of the fiber are better.

[0098] According to Examples 1 and 8, whether or not the nascent antistatic fiber is subjected to heat setting treatment has a certain influence on the antistatic performance of the fiber, and the antistatic performance of the fiber after heat setting treatment is better.

[0099] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An antistatic fiber, characterized in that Including the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of polyester chips, 15-40 parts of polyether block polymer, 2-10 parts of organic metal salt, 0.2-2 parts of small molecule ligand; The polyether block polymer comprises a polyether segment and a rigid segment, the rigid segment comprises a polyamide segment or a polyester segment, the organic metal salt comprises a monovalent metal ion and a divalent metal ion, and the molar ratio of the monovalent metal ion to the divalent metal ion is (3-5):1; The small molecule ligand includes an anchor ligand and a dynamic ligand, and the molar ratio of the anchor ligand to the dynamic ligand is 1:(2-4); Wherein, the anchoring ligand includes a phenanthroline ligand; The dynamic ligand includes phenylimidazole ligand.

2. The antistatic fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that The polyether block polymer comprises a polyether segment and a polyamide segment, wherein the polyether segment is a polyethylene oxide segment, and the mass percentage of the polyether segment in the polyether block polymer is 50% to 70%.

3. The antistatic fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that The organic anion in the organic metal salt is a bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion.

4. The antistatic fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that The monovalent metal ions include lithium ions; the divalent metal ions include zinc ions and / or magnesium ions.

5. The antistatic fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that The antistatic fiber satisfies at least one of the following conditions: 1) The weight average molecular weight of the polyester chips is 20,000 to 40,000; 2) The weight average molecular weight of the polyether block polymer is 3000-15000.

6. A method for preparing antistatic fiber, characterized in that: include: Providing a raw material for the antistatic fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 5; The raw materials are melt-spun to obtain antistatic fibers.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The following steps are also included: The antistatic fiber is heat-set at 120-150°C. 8.An antistatic fabric, characterized in that: The invention comprises the antistatic fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the antistatic fiber obtained according to the method of claim 6 or 7.

Images