A method for assisting in dry hanging of stone

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of stone dry hanging, and discloses an auxiliary stone dry hanging method, which comprises the following steps: laser scanning a dry hanging position, obtaining size data of the scanned dry hanging position, transmitting the size data of the scanned dry hanging position to a three-dimensional software, generating a size drawing, obtaining a building drawing, obtaining dry hanging position drawing size data according to the building drawing, and setting an error range threshold value. The size data at the dry hanging position is obtained by laser scanning the dry hanging position, wherein a ground laser scanner is selected for laser scanning, three-dimensional laser scanning can quickly obtain millimeter-level precision point cloud data for irregular wall surfaces such as arc-shaped and curved surfaces, a real curved surface model is generated, auxiliary keel positioning and stone layout are realized, traditional measurement errors are avoided, the three-dimensional model generated after scanning can automatically analyze wall surface flatness deviation, identify a region needing repair, and ensure that the dry hanging base layer meets construction requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of stone dry-hanging technology, specifically to an auxiliary method for stone dry-hanging. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of society and the economy, dry-hanging stone cladding has become a core technique for building facade decoration. Its necessity is mainly reflected in three aspects: First, in terms of safety, the dry-hanging system uses metal keels and hangers to form a flexible connection between the stone and the building structure, offering superior seismic performance compared to traditional wet-laying methods (tested in areas with a seismic fortification intensity of 8 degrees, it can withstand an acceleration of 0.4g). Second, in terms of durability, the 6-8mm ventilation cavity effectively drains condensate, preventing freeze-thaw damage and extending the stone's lifespan to over 50 years (tracking data from Beijing China World Trade Center Phase III shows zero detachment over 25 years). Finally, in terms of process adaptability, it allows for precise adjustment of installation errors within ±15mm, meeting the inter-story displacement compensation needs of super high-rise buildings (such as the 126-story Shanghai Tower).

[0003] However, existing dry-hanging stone cladding in atriums typically involves manually measuring dimensions and adjusting the keel size before installing the stone. This manual measurement process is time-consuming, and because the stone is perpendicular to the dry-hanging position, the gap between the stone and the building surface needs to be adjusted to ensure a uniform overall gap for aesthetic purposes. This allows for improved overall aesthetics when subsequent floor tiling and railing installation. Existing dry-hanging stone cladding methods cannot improve the aesthetics and speed of installation after installation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an auxiliary method for dry-hanging stone, which has the beneficial effects of rapid installation and aesthetically pleasing installation, and solves the problem mentioned in the background art that existing dry-hanging stone methods cannot improve the aesthetics and rapid installation effect after installation.

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: an auxiliary method for dry-hanging stone, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Laser scanning is used to obtain the dimensional data of the dry-hanging position. The dimensional data of the dry-hanging position is then transmitted to 3D software to generate dimensional drawings.

[0007] Obtain architectural drawings, and based on the architectural drawings, obtain the dimension data of the dry-hanging location.

[0008] Set an error range threshold, compare the dry-hanging location dimension data with the dry-hanging location drawing dimension data to obtain the error range value, and when the error range value is not included in the error range threshold, determine whether the dry-hanging location dimension data is accurate based on the dry-hanging location prediction.

[0009] When the scanned dry-hanging position dimension data is determined to be incorrect, the dimension data of the dry-hanging position is predicted and calculated based on the architectural drawings, and the scanned dry-hanging position dimension data is modified accordingly to obtain the modified dry-hanging position dimension data.

[0010] PVC panels are manufactured based on the modified dry-hanging position dimensions. The dry-hanging position is then compared on-site with the PVC panels to confirm or modify the dry-hanging position dimensions.

[0011] By reconfirming or modifying the dimensions of the dry-hanging position, a wooden template is made, which is then installed and extended to the dry-hanging position. The optimal installation position is selected to ensure that the gap between one end of the wooden template and the dry-hanging position is uniform.

[0012] Cut the light steel keel according to the protruding size of the wooden template, install the cut light steel keel, and remove the wooden template;

[0013] Install the stone according to the installation position of the light steel keel, so that the stone and the light steel keel are parallel to each other, and the installation is completed.

[0014] As an optional solution of the auxiliary stone dry-hanging method of the present invention, the installation position of the pendant is determined according to the architectural drawings and the dimensions of the dry-hanging position;

[0015] During installation, the verticality of the light steel keel is determined by installing a plumb bob.

[0016] As an optional solution to the auxiliary stone dry-hanging method of the present invention, the nodes between every two stones are obtained through the dimensional drawings;

[0017] The dry-hanging position and size data are matched with the nodes, and the nodes that need to be detected are predicted by a neural network. The stones at both ends that make up the node are then determined by the nodes.

[0018] Place a straightedge on the two ends of the stone that make up the node to check and determine the verticality of the stone.

[0019] As an optional solution of the auxiliary stone dry-hanging method of the present invention, there are multiple modified dry-hanging position size data, and the largest size data is selected as the cutting size;

[0020] The remaining dimensions smaller than the largest selected dimension are marked on the PVC board using several engraved lines;

[0021] When the processed PVC boards are compared on-site, the size of the PVC boards can be quickly adjusted by tapping the marking lines engraved on the PVC boards.

[0022] As an optional solution to the auxiliary stone dry-hanging method of the present invention, the following steps are taken: marking the areas between or intersecting with several marking lines on the PVC board, and uploading PVC drawings;

[0023] After adjusting the PVC board by tapping the marking lines, the removal location is determined by the number. Based on this, the area at the removal mark location is calculated according to the PVC drawing. The perimeter is then obtained from the area, thus quickly obtaining the modified dry-hanging position dimensions.

[0024] As an optional solution to the auxiliary stone dry-hanging method described in this invention, it further includes a three-dimensional model of its dimensional drawings;

[0025] Adjust the 3D model according to the modified dry-hanging position size data, and set the light steel keel model array on the 3D model to obtain the installation position of the light steel keel;

[0026] Install the light steel keel at the dry-hanging position according to the keel's installation location.

[0027] As an optional solution of the auxiliary stone dry-hanging method of the present invention, wherein: the total load value is determined, and the number and distribution position of a single light steel keel are calculated based on the total load value;

[0028] The load-bearing capacity of a single light steel keel includes bending strength and shear strength;

[0029] The number of individual keel positions is equal to the area of ​​the stone and the load-bearing capacity distribution of a single light steel keel.

[0030] As an optional solution of the auxiliary stone dry-hanging method of the present invention, the installation position of the pendant is selected based on the maximum verticality of the reference plane of the dry-hanging position;

[0031] The verticality is measured radially to both sides using the maximum verticality value of the reference plane at the dry-hanging position as the base point.

[0032] Among them, the radiation length value is set, and the dry-hanging position for radiation detection on both sides is greater than the radiation length value.

[0033] As an optional solution to the auxiliary stone dry-hanging method described in this invention, it further includes historical data, and the perimeter of the dry-hanging location is calculated by using the historical data and the three-dimensional model through a neural network.

[0034] The perimeter direction includes curved direction, oblique direction, and straight direction.

[0035] As an optional solution of the auxiliary stone dry-hanging method described in this invention, the gap between the stone and the dry-hanging position is covered by laying ceramic tiles.

[0036] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. This auxiliary stone dry-hanging method uses laser scanning to obtain dimensional data of the dry-hanging location. The laser scanning uses a ground-mounted laser scanner, which can quickly acquire millimeter-level precision point cloud data for irregular walls such as arcs and curved surfaces, generating a realistic curved surface model to assist in keel positioning and stone layout, avoiding traditional measurement errors. The generated 3D model can automatically analyze the flatness deviation of the wall surface, identify areas that need repair, and ensure that the dry-hanging base layer meets the construction requirements.

[0038] 2. This auxiliary stone dry-hanging method obtains the dimensions of a three-dimensional model through laser scanning, and then quickly locks the dimensions of the dry-hanging positions that may be misaligned by using error range thresholds set by human experience. This allows humans to measure the dimensions of these erroneous dry-hanging positions on-site, thus improving the detection efficiency.

[0039] 3. In this auxiliary stone dry-hanging method, the obtained PVC board is placed on the atrium floor. The outermost dimension of the PVC board is adjusted according to the outermost boundary line of the atrium floor. The size of the PVC board is quickly adjusted by tapping the marking lines engraved on the PVC board, which facilitates the determination of the size of the light steel keel for subsequent installation of wooden formwork. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps in the stone dry-hanging method of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the construction drawings for this invention.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the on-site adjustment steps for the PVC board of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the stone dry-hanging method according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] Please see Figure 1-5 A method for assisting in the dry hanging of stone includes the following steps:

[0048] Laser scanning is used to obtain the dimensional data of the dry-hanging location. The dimensional data of the dry-hanging location is then transferred to 3D software to generate dimensional drawings.

[0049] Obtain architectural drawings, and then obtain the dimensions of the dry-hanging location based on the architectural drawings;

[0050] Set an error range threshold, compare the dry-hanging location dimension data with the dry-hanging location drawing dimension data to obtain the error range value, and when the error range value is not included in the error range threshold, determine whether the dry-hanging location dimension data is accurate based on the dry-hanging location prediction.

[0051] When the scanned dry-hanging position dimension data is determined to be incorrect, the dimension data of the dry-hanging position is predicted and calculated based on the architectural drawings, and the scanned dry-hanging position dimension data is modified accordingly to obtain the modified dry-hanging position dimension data.

[0052] PVC panels are made based on the revised dimensions of the dry-hanging position. The dry-hanging position is then compared on-site with the PVC panels to confirm or modify the dimensions of the dry-hanging position.

[0053] By reconfirming or modifying the dimensions of the dry-hanging position, the wooden template is made, installed and extended to the dry-hanging position, and the optimal installation position is selected to ensure that the gap between one end of the wooden template and the dry-hanging position is uniform.

[0054] Cut the light steel keel according to the protruding size of the wooden formwork, install the cut light steel keel, and remove the wooden formwork;

[0055] Install the stone according to the installation position of the light steel keel, so that the stone and the light steel keel are parallel to each other, and the installation is completed.

[0056] The existing dry-hanging method for atrium stone generally involves manually measuring the dimensions and adjusting the keel size before installing the stone on the keel. The manual measurement is time-consuming, and since the stone is perpendicular to the dry-hanging position, the gap between the stone and the building surface needs to be adjusted to ensure a uniform gap for aesthetic purposes. This will improve the overall aesthetics of subsequent floor tiling and railing installation. However, the existing dry-hanging method cannot improve the aesthetics after installation or achieve the effect of rapid installation.

[0057] according to Figure 1As shown, laser scanning is used to scan the dry-hanging location to obtain dimensional data at that location. A ground-mounted laser scanner (such as Faro / Leica) is used for laser scanning. For irregular walls such as curved surfaces, 3D laser scanning can quickly acquire point cloud data with millimeter-level precision, generate a realistic curved surface model, assist in keel positioning and stone layout, and avoid traditional measurement errors. The generated 3D model can automatically analyze the wall flatness deviation (must meet the standard of ≤3mm), identify areas that need repair, and ensure that the dry-hanging base layer meets the construction requirements.

[0058] Based on the point cloud model, the location of embedded parts and the welding points of the keel are marked to guide the installation of channel steel / angle steel, ensuring that the main keel spacing is ≤1.2m and the weld height is ≥4mm and other specifications are met;

[0059] It is worth noting that CloudCompare / PolyWorks is a point cloud processing software.

[0060] The obtained dry-hanging location dimensions are transmitted to 3D software to generate dimensional drawings. Then, the dimensions of the dry-hanging location drawings are obtained from the architectural drawings. The dry-hanging location dimensions are compared with the dimensions of the dry-hanging location drawings to obtain the error range value. When the error range value is not included in the error range threshold, the accuracy of the dry-hanging location dimensions is determined based on the predicted dry-hanging location. The locations with larger errors are marked, and the dry-hanging location dimensions are determined or modified by manual measurement. Compared with the traditional method of measuring each location manually, which wastes a lot of time and efficiency, this method uses laser scanning to obtain the dimensions of the 3D model, and then quickly locks the dry-hanging location dimensions that may be misaligned by using error range thresholds set by human experience. This allows humans to measure the dry-hanging location dimensions on site based on these erroneous dimensions, thus improving the inspection efficiency.

[0061] PVC panels are manufactured based on the modified dry-hanging position dimension data. In this process, the dry-hanging position dimension data is modified based on manual experience, resulting in multiple dry-hanging position dimension data. PVC panels are then processed based on these multiple dry-hanging position dimension data.

[0062] The largest selected dimension is the cutting dimension;

[0063] The remaining dimensions smaller than the largest selected dimension are marked on the PVC board using several engraved lines;

[0064] Place the obtained PVC board on the atrium floor, adjust the outermost dimension of the PVC board according to the outermost boundary line of the atrium floor, and quickly adjust the size of the PVC board by tapping the marking lines engraved on the PVC board;

[0065] By reconfirming or modifying the dimensions of the dry-hanging position, the wooden template is made, installed and extended to the dry-hanging position, and the optimal installation position is selected to ensure that the gap between one end of the wooden template and the dry-hanging position is uniform.

[0066] Cut the light steel keel according to the protruding size of the wooden formwork, install the cut light steel keel, and remove the wooden formwork;

[0067] Install the stone according to the installation position of the light steel keel, so that the stone and the light steel keel are parallel to each other, and the installation is completed.

[0068] It is important to note that the dry-hanging construction of the atrium stone requires a focus on high-altitude safety, structural stability, and visual accuracy. Key points include: firstly, the keel system uses 8# channel steel main keels (spacing ≤ 1.2m) and 50mm×5mm angle steel secondary keels; for curved atriums exceeding 10 meters, 3D laser scanning positioning is required (error ≤ 2mm); secondly, the hanging point density is configured according to the stone size (≥ 6 hanging points per piece when length > 800mm); thin slabs are forcibly reinforced with a back bolt + back strip composite reinforcement; and thirdly, a patented back bolt connection technology is used for rapid positioning, and sliding T-shaped parts improve the installation efficiency of irregular curved surfaces. Acceptance standards require a base flatness ≤ 3mm and a weld height ≥ 4mm. After completion, laser scanning is used to inspect the slab joints (5-10mm) and height difference (≤ 1mm). Long-term, regular scanning monitoring of deformation is required to ensure structural safety. Construction must comply with the "Technical Specification for Natural Stone Decoration Engineering," with mandatory dry-hanging for single pieces > 40kg or areas > 1㎡.

[0069] Furthermore, the installation position of the pendant is determined based on the architectural drawings and the dimensions of the dry-hanging location;

[0070] When installing light steel keel, the verticality of the light steel keel is determined by installing a plumb bob;

[0071] Furthermore, the nodes between each pair of stones are obtained through dimensional drawings;

[0072] Match the dry-hanging location and size data with the nodes, predict the nodes that need to be detected through neural networks, and determine the stone materials at both ends that make up the node through the nodes;

[0073] Place a straightedge on the stones at both ends that make up the node to check and determine the verticality of the stones;

[0074] There are multiple dimensions for the dry-hanging location that need to be modified; the largest dimension is selected as the cutting dimension.

[0075] The remaining dimensions smaller than the largest selected dimension are marked on the PVC board using several engraved lines;

[0076] When comparing the finished PVC boards on site, the size of the PVC boards can be quickly adjusted by tapping the marking lines engraved on the PVC boards.

[0077] Label the areas between or intersecting the PVC board with several marking lines, and upload the PVC drawing;

[0078] After adjusting the PVC board by tapping the marking lines, the removal location is determined by the number. Based on the PVC drawing, the area at the removal mark location is calculated, and the perimeter is obtained from the area. This way, the modified dry-hanging position size data can be obtained quickly.

[0079] It also includes dimensional drawings as 3D models;

[0080] Adjust the 3D model according to the modified dry-hanging position size data, and set the light steel keel model array on the 3D model to obtain the installation position of the light steel keel;

[0081] Install the light steel keel at the dry-hanging position according to the keel's installation location;

[0082] It also includes determining the total load value and calculating the number and distribution of individual light steel keels based on the total load value;

[0083] The load-bearing capacity of a single light steel keel includes its bending strength and shear strength;

[0084] The number of individual keel positions is equal to the area of ​​the stone and the load-bearing capacity distribution of a single light steel keel.

[0085] Total design load: q 总 =1.2G k +1.4Q k +0.6×1.4×W k ;

[0086] G k For permanent load (weight of stone + weight of keel);

[0087] Q k For variable loads (such as maintenance loads);

[0088] W k This is the standard value for wind load (which needs to be calculated based on the regional wind pressure);

[0089] The bearing capacity of a single holding structure is calculated as follows:

[0090] Flexural strength:

[0091] (Simply supported beam model);

[0092] Shear strength:

[0093]

[0094] L represents the span of the keel;

[0095] W is the section modulus of the keel (refer to the steel profile table, such as Wx = 11.16 cm3 for 50×70 square steel).

[0096] f V f is the design value of bending / shear strength of the material (215MPa for Q235);

[0097] The formula for bolt verification is:

[0098]

[0099] A represents the area shared by a single bolt, and N represents the number of bolts.

[0100] N 设计 Determine the bolt specifications (e.g., M12 expansion bolts are approximately 6kN / bolt);

[0101] For example:

[0102] Stone weight G k = 0.68 kN / m2 (25 mm granite + accessories);

[0103] Variable load G k =5.0×0.16×0.68=0.544kN / m2;

[0104] Total design load: q 总 =1.2×0.68+1.3×0.544=1.48kN / m2;

[0105] The keel is made of 50×70 square steel with a span of 1200mm;

[0106]

[0107] (Safety);

[0108] The area shared by a single bolt is A = 1.2 × 2.4 = 2.88 m². 2 (2400mm horizontally);

[0109] (M12 safety);

[0110] In summary, the strength of the keel and bolts is determined;

[0111] The installation position of the pendant is selected based on the maximum verticality of the reference plane at the dry-hanging position;

[0112] The verticality is measured radially to both sides using the maximum verticality value of the reference plane at the dry-hanging position as the base point.

[0113] Among them, the radiation length value is set, and the dry-hanging position for radiation detection on both sides is greater than the radiation length value;

[0114] For example, if the selected dry-hanging location reference plane is x, the radial positions to both sides are x+2, x+4, x+6...x+n, x-2, x-4, x-6...xn;

[0115] It also includes historical data, which is used to calculate the perimeter of the dry-hanging location using neural networks in conjunction with the 3D model;

[0116] The perimeter direction includes curved direction, oblique direction, and straight direction;

[0117] The gap between the stone and the dry-hanging area is covered by laying tiles.

[0118] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0119] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assisting in the dry hanging of stone, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Laser scanning is used to obtain the dimensional data of the dry-hanging position, and the dimensional data of the dry-hanging position is transmitted to 3D software to generate dimensional drawings. Obtain architectural drawings, and based on the architectural drawings, obtain the dimension data of the dry-hanging location. Set an error range threshold, compare the dry-hanging location dimension data with the dry-hanging location drawing dimension data to obtain the error range value, and when the error range value is not included in the error range threshold, determine whether the dry-hanging location dimension data is accurate based on the dry-hanging location prediction. When the scanned dry-hanging position dimension data is determined to be incorrect, the dimension data of the dry-hanging position is predicted and calculated based on the architectural drawings, and the scanned dry-hanging position dimension data is adaptively modified to obtain the modified dry-hanging position dimension data. PVC panels are manufactured based on the modified dry-hanging position dimensions. The dry-hanging position is then compared on-site with the PVC panels to confirm or modify the dry-hanging position dimensions. There are multiple modified dry-hanging position dimension data, and the largest dimension data is selected as the cutting dimension; The remaining dimensions smaller than the largest selected dimension are marked on the PVC board using several engraved lines; When comparing the finished PVC boards on site, the size of the PVC boards can be quickly adjusted by tapping the marking lines engraved on the PVC boards. Label the areas between or intersecting the PVC board with several marking lines, and upload the PVC drawing; After adjusting the PVC board by tapping the marking lines, the removal location is determined by the number. Based on the PVC drawing, the area at the removal mark location is calculated, and the perimeter is obtained from the area. This way, the modified dry-hanging position size data can be obtained quickly. By reconfirming or modifying the dimensions of the dry-hanging position, a wooden template is made, which is then installed and extended to the dry-hanging position. The optimal installation position is selected to ensure that the gap between one end of the wooden template and the dry-hanging position is uniform. Cut the light steel keel according to the protruding size of the wooden template, install the cut light steel keel, and remove the wooden template; Install the stone according to the installation position of the light steel keel, so that the stone and the light steel keel are parallel to each other, and the installation is completed.

2. The auxiliary stone dry-hanging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Determine the installation position of the pendant based on the architectural drawings and the dimensions of the dry-hanging location; During installation, the verticality of the light steel keel is determined by installing a plumb bob.

3. The auxiliary stone dry-hanging method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The nodes between each pair of stones are obtained using the dimensional drawings; The dry-hanging position and size data are matched with the nodes, and the nodes that need to be detected are predicted by a neural network. The stones at both ends that make up the node are then determined by the nodes. Place a straightedge on the two ends of the stone that make up the node to check and determine the verticality of the stone.

4. The auxiliary stone dry-hanging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes its dimensional drawings as a three-dimensional model; Adjust the 3D model based on the modified dry-hanging position and size data, and set the light steel keel model array on the 3D model to obtain the installation position of the light steel keel; Install the light steel keel at the dry-hanging position according to the keel's installation location.

5. The auxiliary stone dry-hanging method according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes determining the total load value and calculating the number and distribution of individual light steel keels based on the total load value; The load-bearing capacity of a single light steel keel includes bending strength and shear strength; The number of individual keel positions is equal to the area of ​​the stone and the load-bearing capacity distribution of a single light steel keel.

6. The auxiliary stone dry-hanging method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The installation position of the pendant is selected based on the maximum verticality of the reference plane at the dry-hanging position; The verticality is measured radially to both sides using the maximum verticality value of the reference plane at the dry-hanging position as the base point. Among them, the radiation length value is set, and the dry-hanging position for radiation detection on both sides is greater than the radiation length value.

7. The auxiliary stone dry-hanging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes historical data, which is used to calculate the perimeter of the dry-hanging location using neural networks in conjunction with the 3D model; The perimeter direction includes curved direction, oblique direction, and straight direction.

8. The auxiliary stone dry-hanging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the stone and the dry-hanging area is covered by laying tiles.

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