Comprehensive damping device for cargo fixing base of chemical tanker

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive damping device for a cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker, which belongs to the field of damping of fixing bases, is mounted in a ship body and comprises a fixing support, the fixing support downwards penetrates into the ship body and is embedded in a deck, and a crossed spring set device is arranged below the bottom of a fixing device base; two damping buffer devices are arranged below the crossed spring set device, a partition plate is arranged between a bottom sliding rail of the crossed spring set device and sliding rails of the damping buffer devices, a first sliding way is fixed to the upper portion of the partition plate, and a second sliding way is fixed to the lower portion of the partition plate; an air bag spring damping device is arranged in the middle of the lower portion of the partition plate. According to the comprehensive vibration damping device for the cargo fixing base of the chemical tanker, the vibration damping device is installed on the fixing base, so that the vibration damping mode of a chemical storage container is reduced, and the marine transportation safety of chemicals and the marine ecological environment safety are better maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fixed base vibration reduction, and in particular to a comprehensive vibration reduction device for a chemical tanker cargo fixed base. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology and the continuous development of the shipping industry, the use of chemical tankers has continued to increase, becoming increasingly popular in the international shipping market and becoming one of the mainstream ship types in the current shipping market. However, this also brings problems. The cargoes transported by chemical tankers mainly include various toxic, flammable, explosive, or corrosive chemical liquids. These chemically unstable liquids can easily cause the containers to explode if they are violently shaken, which greatly tests the chemical tanker's ability to fix and dampen the liquid storage containers. In addition, the lifting-type fixing method causes the overall center of gravity of the fixing device to be higher, and the rigidity of the fixing position to the deck is reduced. During transportation, vibration may cause structural stress concentration, resulting in cracks. In severe cases, the fixing device may be damaged, causing chemical liquid leakage, causing air and ocean pollution. To prevent the fixing device from being damaged by vibration during sea transportation, which would lead to the risk of chemical leakage and marine environmental pollution, it is necessary to add vibration damping devices to the fixed base of the lifting-type fixing device to protect the fixing device and sea transportation safety.

[0003] Currently, there are relatively few vibration damping devices in the form of fixed bases used in chemical tanker transportation. Existing research has explored vibration damping methods that reduce resonance by designing specific deck structures and add protective devices on both sides of the transported cargo to mitigate severe vibrations. Furthermore, the fixed bases of chemical tankers are typically directly connected using welding. This connection method provides little vibration damping, significantly increasing the likelihood of cracks and shortening the service life of the fixed base. There is no known method for damping chemical storage containers by installing a vibration damping device on the fixed base. Therefore, a more comprehensive and multi-faceted base vibration damping device is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive vibration reduction device for a chemical tanker cargo fixing base, which uses a multi-stage vibration reduction device to reduce vertical and lateral vibrations and resonance during transportation; the cross-type spring group, damping buffer device and airbag spring effectively reduce vibration through force transmission and restoring force, thereby reducing damage to the cargo fixing base during navigation of the chemical tanker.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a comprehensive vibration damping device for a cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker, including a fixed support, the fixed support penetrates downward into the hull and is embedded in the deck, and a cross-shaped spring group device is installed below the bottom of the fixed support. The cross-shaped spring group device includes a first spring, a slider, a first multi-turn spring, a cross bar, a pin, a first limit plate, and a first slideway. Two groups of damping and buffering devices are installed below the cross-shaped spring group device.

[0006] Preferably, the overall vibration damping device is made of a material with stable chemical properties and corrosion resistance. There are six groups of cross bars in the cross-shaped spring group device. A hole is provided in the middle of the cross bar and is hinged by a pin. The six groups of cross bar devices are arranged at equal intervals horizontally, and each group of cross bars is arranged at equal intervals longitudinally; four first multi-turn springs are respectively arranged on each group of cross bars, and both ends of each first multi-turn spring are respectively embedded on two intersecting legs of the cross bar, forming a rectangular spring group.

[0007] Preferably, each group of cross bars is composed of two intersecting first long bars, and first sliders are installed at both ends of each first long bar. There are two rows of first sliders in the cross-shaped spring group device. The first sliders slide in the first slideway, and first limit plates are installed on both sides of the first slideway; the first sliders in a single row are connected in pairs by the first spring.

[0008] Preferably, the damping and buffering device includes a second slideway, a second long bar, a first strong spring, a second slider, a support column, a second limit plate, a buffer gear, a buffer rack, a connecting rod, a fixed clamp, and a second multi-turn spring. The bottom of the support column is fixed to the bottom of the overall vibration damping device, and buffer racks are provided on both sides of the support column. The buffer gear slides on the buffer rack; the buffer gear is installed at one end of the second long bar, and the second slider is installed at the other end. The second slider slides on the second slideway of the damping and buffering device, and the second limit plate is installed on the second slideway; the second slider is connected to the second limit plates on both sides by the second multi-turn spring.

[0009] Preferably, the buffer gears are arranged longitudinally, and the two buffer gears are connected by the connecting rod; the connecting rods in two sets of longitudinally arranged damping and buffering devices in each group are connected by a fixed clamp.

[0010] Preferably, a partition plate is installed between the bottom slide rail of the cross-shaped spring group device and the slide rail of the damping and buffering device; the first slideway is fixed above the partition plate, the second slideway is fixed below the partition plate, and the upper part of the support column of the damping and buffering device is connected to the lower part of the partition plate by a first strong spring.

[0011] Preferably, an airbag spring vibration damping device is provided in the middle position below the partition plate, and the airbag spring vibration damping device includes a second spring, a protective baffle, a pressure plate, a rubber pad, a third limit plate, an airbag, an air chamber, a ventilation pipe and a protective pile. The airbag spring vibration damping device is connected to the partition plate through a second strong spring, and the lower end of the second strong spring is connected to the ventilation pipe of the airbag spring vibration damping device; the ventilation pipe connects two air chambers, and the ventilation pipe is connected to the airbag, and two third limit plates are installed on both sides of the airbag; a pressure plate is installed horizontally below the airbag, and two groups of protective piles are installed above the pressure plate, and each group of protective piles consists of two; two protective baffles are installed at both ends below the pressure plate.

[0012] Preferably, two rubber pads are arranged on the pressure plate, and the rubber pads are located directly below the third limit plate on both sides of the airbag; five groups of second springs are arranged equidistantly below the pressure plate, and each group contains two symmetrically arranged second springs, the upper end of the second spring is connected to the pressure plate, and the lower end of the second spring is fixed to the bottom of the overall vibration damping device.

[0013] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned chemical tanker cargo fixed base comprehensive vibration reduction device, and reduces the vertical and lateral vibrations and resonance during transportation through a multi-stage vibration reduction device; the cross-type spring group, damping buffer device and airbag spring effectively reduce vibration through force transmission and restoring force, thereby reducing damage to the cargo fixed base during navigation of the chemical tanker.

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic front cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a comprehensive vibration reduction device for a chemical tanker cargo fixed base according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial front cross-sectional schematic diagram of a cross-type spring assembly device of an embodiment of a comprehensive vibration reduction device for a chemical tanker cargo fixed base according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of a damping and buffering device of an embodiment of a comprehensive vibration reduction device for a chemical tanker cargo fixed base according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of an air bag spring vibration reduction device according to an embodiment of a comprehensive vibration reduction device for a chemical tanker cargo fixed base of the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation position of a comprehensive vibration reduction device for a chemical tanker cargo fixed base on a fixing device.

[0016] Reference numerals 1. Cross-type spring group device; 11. First spring; 12. First slider; 13. First multi-turn spring; 14. Cross bar; 15. Pin; 16. First limit plate; 17. First slideway; 18. First long rod; 2. Damping buffer device; 21. Second slideway; 22. Second long rod; 23. First strong spring; 24. Second slider; 25. Support column; 26. Second limit plate; 27. Buffer gear; 28. Buffer rack; 29. Partition plate; 210. Connecting rod; 211. Fixed clamp; 212. Second multi-turn spring; 3. Airbag spring shock absorber device; 31. Second spring; 32. Bearing plate; 33. Rubber pad; 34. Third limit plate; 35. Airbag; 36. Air chamber; 37. Ventilation pipe; 38. Protection baffle; 39. Protection pile; 310. Second strong spring; 4. Fixed support. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the elements or objects appearing before this word cover the elements or objects listed after this word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0019] Embodiment 1 As Figures 2 to 5 shown, the present invention provides a comprehensive shock absorber device for the cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker, which is installed inside the ship's hull. The top of the shock absorber device is connected to the bottom of the fixed support 4. The fixed support 4 penetrates downward into the ship's hull and is embedded in the deck. Considering the particularity of chemical tanker shipping, the entire shock absorber device should be made of materials with stable chemical properties and corrosion resistance; below the bottom of the fixed support 4, a cross-type spring group device 1 is installed. The cross-type spring group device 1 includes a first spring 11, a slider, a first multi-turn spring 13, a cross bar 14, a pin 15, a first limit plate 16 and a first slideway 17.

[0020] The overall vibration damping device is made of materials with stable chemical properties and corrosion resistance. There are six sets of cross bars 14 in the cross-type spring group device 1. Taking a chemical tank with a load capacity of 200t as an example, for every 40t increase in the weight of the chemical tank, one more set of cross bar 14 devices (each set includes two sets of cross-type spring group devices 1) is added. The number of cross bars 14 is at least six. A hole is provided in the middle of the cross bar 14 and hinged through a pin 15. The six sets of cross bar 14 devices are arranged at equal intervals horizontally, and the cross bars 14 in each set are arranged at equal intervals vertically; four first multi-turn springs 13 are respectively arranged on each set of cross bars 14. The two ends of each first multi-turn spring 13 are respectively embedded in two intersecting pile legs of the cross bar 14 to form a rectangular spring group. The spring needs a large deformation to relieve the vertical vibration and lateral vibration during transportation. Therefore, the spring stiffness proportionality coefficient of the first spring in the overall vibration damping device is 1, and the spring stiffness proportionality coefficient of the first multi-turn spring in the overall vibration damping device is 2.

[0021] Each set of cross bars 14 is composed of two intersecting first long bars 18. First sliders 12 are installed at both ends of each first long bar 18. There are two rows of first sliders 12 in the cross-type spring group device 1. The first sliders 12 slide in the first slideway 17. First limiting plates 16 are installed on both sides of the first slideway 17; the first sliders 12 in a single row are connected pairwise by first springs 11.

[0022] Embodiment 2 As Figures 3 to 5 shown, a damping buffer device 2 is installed below the bottom of the fixed device base. The damping buffer device 2 includes a second slideway 21, a second long bar 22, a first strong spring 23, a second slider 24, a support column 25, a second limiting plate 26, a buffer gear 27, a buffer rack 28, a connecting rod 210, a fixing clip 211 and a second multi-turn spring 212. The bottom of the support column 25 is fixed to the bottom of the overall vibration damping device. Buffer racks 28 with a certain length are provided on both sides of the support column 25. The buffer gear 27 slides on the buffer rack 28; the buffer gear 27 is installed at one end of the second long bar 22, and a second slider 24 is installed at the other end. The second slider 24 slides on the second slideway 21 of the damping buffer device 2. A second limiting plate 26 is installed on the second slideway 21 to prevent the second slider 24 from derailing; the second slider 24 is connected to the second limiting plates 26 on both sides by a second multi-turn spring 212. The second multi-turn spring 212 needs a large deformation to relieve the lateral vibration during transportation. Therefore, the spring stiffness proportionality coefficient of the second multi-turn spring 212 in the overall vibration damping device is 1.

[0023] The buffer gears 27 are longitudinally arranged, and are connected by a connecting rod 210 between two longitudinally parallel buffer gears 27; the two connecting rods 210 in each set of two damping buffer devices 2 arranged longitudinally are connected by a fixing clip 211 to fix the position of the buffer gears 27 and prevent the buffer gears 27 from disengaging from the buffer rack 28.

[0024] As Figure 1 shown, when the cross-type spring group device 1 and the damping buffer device 2 are combined and applied, the cross-type spring group device 1 is provided below the bottom of the fixed support 4, and a partition plate 29 is provided between the bottom slide rail of the cross-type spring group device 1 and the slide rail of the damping buffer device 2. The partition plate 29 is used to connect the two groups of devices; the first slideway 17 is fixed above the partition plate 29, the second slideway 21 is fixed below the partition plate 29, and the upper part of the support column 25 of the damping buffer device 2 is connected to the lower part of the partition plate 29 through a first strong spring 23 with a larger size. The first strong spring 23 is required to relieve the longitudinal vibration during transportation and the resonance generated when the natural frequency is equal to the excitation frequency. Therefore, the spring stiffness proportionality coefficient of the first strong spring 23 in the overall damping device is set to 6.

[0025] Embodiment III Figures 1 to 4 In, only the part of the fixed support 4 connected to the airbag spring damping device 3 is shown; Figure 5 The complete fixed support 4 is shown. As Figures 4 to 5 shown, an airbag spring damping device 3 is provided at the middle position between the bottom of the fixed support 4 and the lower part of the partition plate 29. The airbag spring damping device 3 includes a second spring 31, a protective baffle 38, a bearing plate 32, a rubber pad 33, a third limiting plate 34, an airbag 35, an air chamber 36, a ventilation pipe 37 and a protective pile 39. The airbag spring damping device 3 is connected to the partition plate 29 through a second strong spring 310 with a larger size; the second strong spring 310 is required to relieve the longitudinal vibration during transportation and the resonance generated when the natural frequency is equal to the excitation frequency. Therefore, the spring stiffness proportionality coefficient of the longitudinal second strong spring 310 in the overall damping device is set to 8. The lower end of the second strong spring 310 is connected to the ventilation pipe 37 of the airbag spring damping device 3; the ventilation pipe 37 connects two air chambers 36, the ventilation pipe 37 is connected to the airbag 35, and two third limiting plates 34 are installed on both sides of the airbag 35 to prevent the airbag 35 from being misaligned due to excessive pressure; a bearing plate 32 is horizontally installed below the airbag 35, and two groups of protective piles 39 are installed above the bearing plate 32 to fix the airbag 35 and protect the normal operation of the airbag 35 device. Each group of protective piles 39 has two; two protective baffles 38 are installed at both ends of the lower part of the bearing plate 32 to maintain the working state of the second spring 31 and prevent the second spring 31 from being damaged.

[0026] There are two rubber pads 33 arranged on the bearing plate 32. The rubber pads 33 are located directly below the third limiting plates 34 on both sides of the airbag 35 to prevent the third limiting plates 34 from moving downward and causing a large impact on the bearing plate 32. Five groups of second springs 31 are arranged equidistantly below the bearing plate 32. Each group contains two symmetrically arranged second springs 31. For every 40t increase in the cargo mass, one more group of second springs 31 is added. The number of second springs 31 in the groove shall not be less than five groups. The second springs 31 need to maintain good support for the upper cargo and further buffer relatively violent longitudinal vibrations. Therefore, the spring stiffness proportionality coefficient of the second springs 31 in the overall vibration damping device needs to be set to 7. The upper ends of the second springs 31 are connected to the bearing plate 32, and the lower ends of the second springs 31 are fixed to the bottom of the overall vibration damping device.

[0027] As Figure 1 shown, when the cross-shaped spring group device 1, the damping buffer device 2, and the airbag spring vibration damping device 3 are combined and applied, the cross-shaped spring group device 1 is provided below the bottom of the fixed support 4. A partition plate 29 is arranged in the middle between the bottom slide rails of the cross-shaped spring group device 1 and the slide rails of the damping buffer device 2 to connect the two groups of devices. The airbag spring vibration damping device 3 is arranged in the middle position below the partition plate 29.

[0028] The overall vibration damping device should be set to the corresponding quantity according to the number of cargo fixed bases.

[0029] Working principle: When the fixed base vibrates, first, the force generated by the vibration is transmitted to the cross-shaped spring group device 1 through the fixed base. The cross bar 14 deforms, generating pressure and tension on the first multi-turn spring 13 and the first spring 11. The first multi-turn spring 13 and the first spring 11 generate a restoring force, transmitting the reaction force resisting deformation to the cross bar 14 to achieve the effect of alleviating vertical vibration. For lateral vibration, the cross-shaped spring group device 1 can also generate a restoring force through the laterally arranged first spring 11 to reduce the vibration force.

[0030] When the first slider 12 is blocked by the first limiting plate 16, it indicates that the cross-shaped spring group device 1 has reached the energy-bearing limit. At this time, the generated force continues to be transmitted downward, passed by the partition plate 29 to the damping buffer device 2 and the airbag spring vibration damping device 3. The lower end of the second long rod 22 of the damping buffer device 2 moves downward, driving the buffer gear 27 to roll on the buffer rack 28, and driving the second slider 24 at the upper end of the second long rod 22 to move horizontally on the second slideway 21. The second multi-turn spring 212 is driven by the second slider 24 to stretch or compress, generating a force in the opposite direction to the movement direction of the second slider 24, playing a buffering role, mainly alleviating lateral vibration during shipping. The vertical vibration during shipping and the resonance generated when the natural frequency is equal to the excitation frequency are alleviated by the restoring force generated by the first strong spring 23 vibrating.

[0031] The airbag spring damper 3 uses the restoring force generated by the second strong spring 310 and the gas pressure generated by the squeezing of the airbag 35 to alleviate vibrations and resonances in all directions. When a vibration force is transmitted from above the airbag spring damper 3, the second strong spring 310 vibrates and deforms to generate a restoring force to offset the vibration force and transmits the force generated by the vibration downward to squeeze the airbag 35. The airbag 35 is compressed and deformed by the force, and the stored gas is transmitted to the air chamber 36 through the ventilation pipe 37. At this time, the gas density in the airbag 35 increases, and the whole has a certain degree of pressure resistance. When the vibration frequency is too high, the third limit plate 34 drops and touches the rubber pad 33. At this time, part of the vibration force is transmitted to the lateral pressure plate 32. The lateral pressure plate 32 moves downward, and the large number of second springs below generate a restoring force to buffer and offset the vibration force.

[0032] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned chemical tanker cargo fixed base comprehensive vibration reduction device, and reduces the vertical and lateral vibrations and resonance during transportation through a multi-stage vibration reduction device; the cross-type spring group, damping buffer device and airbag spring effectively reduce vibration through force transmission and restoring force, thereby reducing damage to the cargo fixed base during navigation of the chemical tanker.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated vibration damping device for the cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker, characterized in that: It includes a fixed support which penetrates downward into the hull and is embedded in the deck. Below the bottom of the fixed support, a cross-type spring group device is installed. The cross-type spring group device includes a first spring, a slider, a first multi-turn spring, a cross bar, a pin, a first limit plate and a first slideway. Below the cross-type spring group device, two sets of damping buffer devices are installed.

2. The integrated vibration damping device for the cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall vibration damping device is made of materials with stable chemical properties and corrosion resistance. There are six sets of cross bars in the cross-type spring group device. A hole is provided in the middle of the cross bar and hinged through a pin. The six sets of cross bar devices are arranged horizontally at equal intervals, and each set of cross bars is arranged longitudinally at equal intervals; Four first multi-turn springs are respectively arranged on each set of cross bars. The two ends of each first multi-turn spring are respectively embedded on two intersecting legs of the cross bar, forming a rectangular spring group.

3. The integrated vibration damping device for the cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker according to claim 2, wherein: Each set of cross bars is composed of two intersecting first long bars. A first slider is installed at both ends of each first long bar. There are two rows of first sliders in the cross-type spring group device. The first sliders slide in the first slideway. First limit plates are installed on both sides of the first slideway; The first sliders in a single row are connected pairwise through the first spring.

4. A comprehensive vibration damping device for the cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker according to claim 3, characterized in that: The damping buffer device includes a second slideway, a second long bar, a first strong spring, a second slider, a support column, a second limit plate, a buffer gear, a buffer rack, a connecting rod, a fixed clamp and a second multi-turn spring. The bottom of the support column is fixed to the bottom of the overall vibration damping device. Buffer racks are provided on both sides of the support column. The buffer gear slides on the buffer rack; The buffer gear is installed at one end of the second long bar, and the second slider is installed at the other end. The second slider slides on the second slideway of the damping buffer device. The second limit plate is installed on the second slideway; The second slider is connected to the second limit plates on both sides through the second multi-turn spring.

5. The integrated vibration damping device for the cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer gears are arranged longitudinally and are connected through the connecting rod; The connecting rods of the two sets of damping buffer devices arranged longitudinally in each group are connected through a fixed clamp.

6. The integrated vibration damping device for the cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker according to claim 5, characterized in that: A partition plate is installed between the bottom slide rail of the cross-type spring group device and the slide rail of the damping buffer device; The first slideway is fixed above the partition plate, and the second slideway is fixed below the partition plate. The upper part of the support column of the damping buffer device is connected to the lower part of the partition plate through a first strong spring.

7. An integrated vibration damping device for a cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker according to claim 6, characterized in that: An airbag spring vibration damping device is provided at the middle position below the partition plate. The airbag spring vibration damping device includes a second spring, a protective baffle, a bearing plate, a rubber pad, a third limit plate, an airbag, an air chamber, a ventilation pipe and a protective pile. The airbag spring vibration damping device is connected to the partition plate through a second strong spring. The lower end of the second strong spring is connected to the ventilation pipe of the airbag spring vibration damping device; The ventilation pipe connects two air chambers, and the ventilation pipe is connected to the airbag. Two third limit plates are installed on both sides of the airbag; A bearing plate is installed horizontally below the airbag. Two sets of protective piles are installed above the bearing plate, and each set of protective piles has two; Two protective baffles are installed at both ends below the bearing plate.

8. The integrated vibration damping device for the cargo fixing base of a chemical tanker according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two rubber pads are arranged on the bearing plate, and the positions of the rubber pads are directly below the third limiting plates on both sides of the airbag; Five groups of the second springs are arranged equidistantly below the bearing plate, and each group includes two symmetrically arranged second springs. The upper ends of the second springs are connected to the bearing plate, and the lower ends of the second springs are fixed at the bottom of the overall vibration damping device.

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