Device and method for evaluating and measuring lubricating film-forming performance of bearing retainer

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring lubrication film-forming performance of a bearing retainer, the device comprises a four-point arc porous retainer, a steel ball, a glass disc and a lever pressing mechanism, an integrated optical camera is arranged above the glass disc, and the glass disc sleeves a rotating shaft; four arc-shaped supporting points, a contact lubrication arc, a first non-contact groove and a second non-contact groove are arranged on one side, facing the steel balls, of the four-point arc porous retainer, and the steel balls are in contact with the two arc-shaped supporting points and the contact lubrication arc of the four-point arc porous retainer; during measurement, the four-point arc porous retainer is located below the glass disc, the steel ball is arranged in the four-point arc porous retainer and makes contact with the glass disc under the action of the lever pressing mechanism, and the integrated optical camera is used for collecting light interference images of a lubricating area of the steel ball and the glass disc at different rotating speeds to measure the thickness of a lubricating oil film. Quantitative measurement of the precipitation characteristic and the precipitation oil quantity of the lubricating oil in the contact area of the porous retainer and the steel ball is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of lubrication measurement of porous cages for rolling bearings, and particularly relates to a device and method for evaluating the lubricating film-forming performance of a bearing cage. Background Art

[0002] Bearings are a widely used basic mechanical component, and the service performance of bearings directly affects the service life and reliability of equipment operation. At present, the wear between the bearing cage and the rolling elements is a key factor directly affecting the service life and reliable operation of bearings. Porous materials have been increasingly widely used in the design of bearing cages due to their good oil separation self-lubrication performance. The amount of oil separated in the contact area between the bearing rolling elements and the porous cage directly affects its lubrication state, which is of great significance for the wear-resistant and long-life design of the porous cage.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a lubricating oil separation and film-forming measurement method and device that can simulate the motion forms of bearing rolling elements and porous cages. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for evaluating the lubricating film-forming performance of a bearing cage, which helps in the research on the evaluation and measurement of the lubricating film-forming of the bearing cage.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention relates to a device for measuring the lubricating film-forming performance of a bearing cage, which is characterized by including a four-point arc porous cage (1), steel balls (2), a glass disc (3), and a lever pressing mechanism (4). An integrated optical camera (5) is arranged above the glass disc (3). The integrated optical camera (5) is respectively connected to a power supply and a computer terminal, and the integrated optical camera transmits the obtained optical interference images to the computer terminal through a data cable.

[0007] On one side of the four-point arc porous cage (1) facing the steel balls (2), there are 4 arc-shaped support points (11), a contact lubrication arc (12), a first non-contact groove (13), and a second non-contact groove (14). The steel balls (2) are in contact with 2 arc-shaped support points (11) and the contact lubrication arc (12) of the four-point arc porous cage (1). On both sides of the contact lubrication arc (12), there are respectively arranged first non-contact grooves (13). On the cross-section of the four-point arc porous cage outside the first non-contact groove (13), there is arranged a second non-contact groove (14) communicating with the first non-contact groove (13). The first non-contact groove (13) and the second non-contact groove (14) are arranged perpendicularly. At the connection position of the first non-contact groove (13) and the second non-contact groove (14), there is an arc-shaped support point (11).

[0008] The glass disc (3) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (6), and the rotating shaft (6) is drivingly connected to the output end of the test bench motor (7);

[0009] The lever pressing mechanism (4) includes a rotating support (41), a balance lever (42), a fixed seat (43) and a counterweight (44). The four-point arc porous cage (1) is arranged at the fixed seat (43) at the end of the balance lever (42). A sliding groove is formed on the balance lever (42). The rotating support (41) is slidably arranged in the sliding groove. The counterweight (44) is arranged at different positions on the balance lever (42) to adjust the pressing force generated by the balance lever (42) on the four-point arc porous cage (1);

[0010] During measurement, the four-point arc porous cage (1) is located below the glass disc (3). The steel balls (2) are placed in the four-point arc porous cage (1). The steel balls (2) are in contact with the contact lubrication arc (12) of the four-point arc porous cage (1) to simulate the contact form between the actual bearing rolling elements and the porous cage; under the action of the lever pressing mechanism (4), the steel balls (2) are in contact with the glass disc (3). By adjusting the horizontal displacement of the test bench, the contact point between the steel balls (2) and the glass disc (3) is located at the center of the camera; when the glass disc (3) rotates, it drives the steel balls (2) to rotate in the four-point arc porous cage (1). The steel balls (2) and the four-point arc porous cage (1) form a sliding motion to simulate the motion between the actual bearing rolling elements and the cage. At the same time, the lubricating oil separated out in the four-point arc porous cage (1) is brought by the steel balls (2) into the contact area between the steel balls (2) and the glass disc (3) to form a lubricating oil film; by adjusting the rotation speed of the glass disc (3), the integrated optical camera (5) is used to collect the optical interference images of the lubricating area between the steel balls (2) and the glass disc (3) at different rotation speeds to measure the thickness of the lubricating oil film, so as to obtain the oil separation amount in the contact area between the four-point arc porous cage (1) and the steel balls (2).

[0011] Further, the 4 arc-shaped support points (11) and the contact lubrication arc (12) are co-spherical.

[0012] Further, the four-point arc porous cage (1) is made of a porous structural material for exuding lubricating fluid, and the rolling elements and the glass disc form a friction pair to lubricate and form a film.

[0013] Further, the groove depth of the first non-contact groove (13) of the four-point arc porous cage (1) is greater than the groove depth of the second non-contact groove (14).

[0014] Further, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film is plated on the lower surface of the glass disk (3). The integrated optical camera (5) projects a light source onto the contact area between the glass disk (3) and the steel ball (2) to form interference fringes, and the lubricating film formation thickness is obtained by measuring the change of the interference fringes.

[0015] Further, the rotating support (41) includes a base and two fixing plates vertically arranged on the base. A connecting shaft is arranged between the two fixing plates, and the connecting shaft connects the balance rod (42) with the fixing member; the fixing member is sleeved on the connecting shaft. The upper end of the fixing member is sleeved on the connecting shaft, and the lower end is arranged in the sliding groove, and the fixing member is fixed in the sliding groove by bolts.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention relates to a measurement method of a bearing cage lubricating film formation performance measurement device, which is characterized in that the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Clean the front and back sides of the glass disk (3), wipe off the impurities and oil stains on the surface of the glass disk (1), and make the surface of the glass disk (3) smooth;

[0018] S2. After the four-point arc porous cage (1) made of the porous material to be measured is processed and immersed in oil, it is installed on the balance rod (42);

[0019] S3. Clean the steel ball (2), remove the impurities and oil stains on its surface, then place it on the four-point arc porous cage (1), and install the four-point arc porous cage (1) on the fixed seat (43);

[0020] S4. Rotate the four-point arc porous cage (1) so that the direction of its second non-contact groove (14) is perpendicular to the diameter direction at the contact point between the steel ball (2) and the glass disk (3);

[0021] S5. Adjust the position of the counterweight (44) to set the pressing force value between the steel ball (2) and the contact lubricating arc (12), or between the steel ball (2) and the glass disk (3);

[0022] S6. Open the software of the optical camera on the computer side, observe the contact point position between the steel ball (2) and the glass disk (3), finely adjust the position of the integrated optical camera (5) so that the contact point is at the center of the shot of the integrated optical camera (5), and then adjust the magnification and light intensity of the integrated optical camera (5) to make the interference fringe image clear;

[0023] S7. Set the rotational speed of the motor (7), start the motor. Driven by the glass disc (3), the steel balls (2) start to rotate. Meanwhile, the lubricant exuded from the contact area between the steel balls (2) and the contact lubrication arc (12) is carried into the area between the steel balls (2) and the glass disc (3) by the rolling of the steel balls (2) to form a lubricating oil film.

[0024] S8. Start the screenshot acquisition system of the optical camera to collect the oil film image generated by optical interference. Meanwhile, store the pictures on the computer side. Obtain the contact lubrication oil precipitation amount of the four-point arc porous cage (1) by calculating the lubricating film thickness formed between the steel balls (2) and the glass disc (3). The working principle of the present invention is as follows: Through the special design of the four-point arc cage, simulate the motion form and lubrication state between the bearing rolling elements and the porous cage under real working conditions. The oil amount precipitated from the porous cage is carried by the steel balls into the fluid lubrication formed between the steel balls and the glass disc. Use the optical interference method to measure the oil film thickness between the steel balls and the glass disc, and then obtain the oil precipitation characteristics and oil precipitation amount of the porous material cage, providing help for the design of the bearing porous cage and lubrication analysis.

[0025] The innovation point of the present invention is: By designing a porous material cage with a special geometric structure, simulate the motion form of the actual bearing rolling elements and the cage. Use the rolling of the steel balls to carry the lubricating oil precipitated from the cage into the area between the steel balls and the glass disc to form an oil film. Adopt the optical interference method to measure the lubricating film thickness between the steel balls and the glass disc, and realize the quantitative measurement of the lubricating oil precipitation characteristics and precipitation amount in the contact area between the porous cage and the steel balls.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] 1. The present invention simulates the motion form of the cage and rolling elements under real working conditions, and realizes the quantitative measurement of the lubricating oil precipitation characteristics and precipitation amount in the contact area between the bearing cage and the rolling elements.

[0028] 2. The structure of the present invention is simple, and the principle is scientific and reliable. It can quantitatively evaluate and measure the lubricating film forming performance between the rolling elements and the porous cage during the bearing movement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the test bench of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the lever pressing mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the porous cage of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] The following is a detailed description of the specific implementation manners of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation manners described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0034] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with exemplary embodiments.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] Referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a device for measuring the lubricating film forming performance of a bearing cage of the present invention includes a four-point arc porous cage 1, steel balls 2, a glass disc 3, and a lever pressing mechanism 4. An integrated optical camera 5 is arranged above the glass disc 3. The integrated optical camera 5 is respectively connected to a power supply and a computer terminal, and the integrated optical camera transmits the obtained optical interference image to the computer terminal through a data cable;

[0037] On one side of the four-point arc porous cage 1 facing the steel balls 2, there are 4 arc-shaped support points 11, a contact lubricating arc 12, a first non-contact groove 13, and a second non-contact groove 14. The steel balls 2 are in contact with 2 arc-shaped support points 11 and the contact lubricating arc 12 of the four-point arc porous cage 1; on both sides of the contact lubricating arc 12, there are respectively arranged the first non-contact grooves 13. On the cross-section of the four-point arc porous cage outside the first non-contact groove 13, there is provided the second non-contact groove 4 communicating with the first non-contact groove 13. The first non-contact groove 13 and the second non-contact groove 14 are arranged perpendicularly; at the position where the first non-contact groove 3 is connected to the second non-contact groove 14, there is an arc-shaped support point 11;

[0038] The glass disc 3 is sleeved on a rotating shaft 6, and the rotating shaft 6 is drivingly connected to the output end of a test bench motor 7;

[0039] The lever pressing mechanism 4 includes a rotating support 41, a balance rod 42, a fixed seat 43, and a counterweight 44. The four-point arc porous cage 1 is arranged at the fixed seat 43 at the end of the balance rod 42. A sliding groove is provided on the balance rod 42. The rotating support 41 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, and the counterweight 44 is at different positions on the balance rod 42 to adjust the pressing force generated by the balance rod 42 on the four-point arc porous cage 1;

[0040] During measurement, the four-point arc porous cage 1 is located below the glass disc 3. The steel balls 2 are placed inside the four-point arc porous cage 1. Under the action of the lever pressing mechanism 4, the steel balls 2 are in contact with the glass disc 3. By adjusting the horizontal displacement of the test bench, the contact point between the steel balls 2 and the glass disc 3 is made to be at the center of the camera. By adjusting the rotation speed of the glass disc 3, the integrated optical camera 5 is used to collect the optical interference images of the lubrication area between the steel balls 2 and the glass disc 3 at different rotation speeds to measure the lubricating oil film thickness, so as to obtain the oil separation amount in the contact area between the four-point arc porous cage 1 and the steel balls 2.

[0041] In this embodiment, the 4 arc-shaped support points 11 and the contact lubrication arc 12 of the four-point arc porous cage 1 are co-spherical;

[0042] In this embodiment, the four-point arc porous cage 1 is made of a porous structural material for exuding lubricating fluid, and the rolling elements and the glass disc form a friction pair for lubricating film formation.

[0043] In this embodiment, the groove depth of the first non-contact groove 13 of the four-point arc porous cage 1 is greater than the groove depth of the second non-contact groove 14.

[0044] In this embodiment, the lower surface of the glass disc 3 is coated with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film. The integrated optical camera 5 projects a light source onto the contact area between the glass disc 3 and the steel balls 2 to form interference fringes, and the lubricating film formation thickness is obtained by measuring the change of the interference fringes.

[0045] In this embodiment, the rotary support 41 includes a base and two fixing plates vertically arranged on the base. A connecting shaft is arranged between the two fixing plates, and the connecting shaft connects the balance rod 42 with the fixing member; the fixing member is sleeved on the connecting shaft, the upper end of the fixing member is sleeved on the connecting shaft, the lower end is arranged in the sliding groove, and the fixing member is fixed in the sliding groove by bolts.

[0046] Embodiment 2

[0047] A measuring method for a measuring device of the lubricating film formation performance of a bearing cage according to the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. Clean the front and back sides of the glass disc 3, wipe off the impurities and oil stains on the surface of the glass disc 1 to make the surface of the glass disc 3 smooth;

[0049] S2. After the four-point arc porous cage (1) made of the porous material to be measured is processed and immersed in oil, it is installed on the balance rod (42);

[0050] S3. Clean the steel ball 2, remove the impurities and oil stains on its surface, then place it on the four-point arc porous cage 1, and install the four-point arc porous cage 1 on the fixed seat 44;

[0051] S4. Rotate the four-point arc porous cage 1 so that the direction of its second non-contact groove 14 is perpendicular to the diameter direction at the contact point between the steel ball 2 and the glass disc 3;

[0052] S5. Adjust the position of the counterweight (44), and set the pressing force value between the steel ball (2) and the contact lubricating arc (12), or between the steel ball (2) and the glass disc (3);

[0053] S6. Open the software of the optical camera on the computer side, observe the contact point position between the steel ball 2 and the glass disc 3, finely adjust the position of the integrated optical camera 5 so that the contact point is at the center of the image captured by the integrated optical camera 5, and then adjust the magnification and light intensity of the integrated optical camera 5 to make the interference fringe image clear;

[0054] S7. Set the rotation speed of the motor 7, start the motor. Driven by the glass disc 3, the steel ball 2 starts to rotate. At the same time, the lubricating fluid seeping out from the contact area between the steel ball 2 and the contact lubricating arc 12 is brought into the space between the steel ball 2 and the glass disc 3 with the rolling of the steel ball 2 to form a lubricating oil film;

[0055] S8. Start the screenshot acquisition system of the optical camera, acquire the oil film image generated by the optical interference, and store the pictures on the computer side at the same time. Obtain the contact lubrication precipitation oil volume of the four-point arc porous cage 1 by calculating the lubricating film thickness formed by the steel ball 2 and the glass disc 3.

[0056] The present invention designs a porous material cage with a special geometric structure, simulates the motion forms of the rolling elements and the cage of an actual bearing, uses the rolling of the steel ball to bring the lubricating oil precipitated from the cage into the space between the steel ball and the glass disc to form an oil film, and measures the lubricating film thickness between the steel ball and the glass disc by the optical interference method, so as to realize the quantitative measurement of the lubricating oil precipitation characteristics and the precipitation oil volume in the contact area between the porous cage and the steel ball.

[0057] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring device for the lubricating film-forming performance of a bearing cage, characterized in that, It includes a four-point arc porous cage (1), steel balls (2), a glass disc (3), and a lever pressing mechanism (4). An integrated optical camera (5) is arranged above the glass disc (3). The integrated optical camera (5) is respectively connected to a power supply and a computer terminal, and the integrated optical camera transmits the obtained optical interference images to the computer terminal through a data cable. On one side of the four-point arc porous cage (1) facing the steel balls (2), there are 4 arc-shaped support points (11), a contact lubrication arc (12), a first non-contact groove (13), and a second non-contact groove (14). The steel balls (2) are in contact with 2 arc-shaped support points (11) and the contact lubrication arc (12) of the four-point arc porous cage (1). On both sides of the contact lubrication arc (12), there are respectively arranged the first non-contact grooves (13). On the cross-section of the four-point arc porous cage outside the first non-contact groove (13), there is arranged the second non-contact groove (14) communicating with the first non-contact groove (13). The first non-contact groove (13) and the second non-contact groove (14) are arranged perpendicularly. At the connecting position of the first non-contact groove (13) and the second non-contact groove (14), there is an arc-shaped support point (11). The glass disc (3) is sleeved on a rotating shaft (6), and the rotating shaft (6) is drivingly connected to the output end of a test bench motor (7). The lever pressing mechanism (4) includes a rotating support (41), a balance lever (42), a fixed seat (43), and a counterweight (44). The four-point arc porous cage (1) is arranged at the fixed seat (43) at the end of the balance lever (42). A sliding groove is formed on the balance lever (42), and the rotating support (41) is slidably arranged in the sliding groove. The counterweight (44) is at different positions on the balance lever (42) to adjust the pressing force generated by the balance lever (42) on the four-point arc porous cage (1). During measurement, the four-point arc porous cage (1) is located below the glass disc (3), and the steel balls (2) are placed in the four-point arc porous cage (1). Under the action of the lever pressing mechanism (4), the steel balls (2) are in contact with the glass disc (3). By adjusting the horizontal displacement of the test bench, the contact point between the steel balls (2) and the glass disc (3) is made to be at the center of the camera. By adjusting the rotation speed of the glass disc (3), the integrated optical camera (5) is used to collect the optical interference images of the lubrication area between the steel balls (2) and the glass disc (3) at different rotation speeds to measure the lubricating oil film thickness, so as to obtain the oil separation amount in the contact area between the four-point arc porous cage (1) and the steel balls (2).

2. The bearing cage lubricating film formation performance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 4 arc-shaped support points (11) and the contact lubrication arc (12) are co-spherical.

3. The bearing cage lubricating film forming performance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four-point arc porous cage (1) is made of a porous structural material to exude lubricating fluid, and the rolling elements and the glass disc form a friction pair to lubricate and form a film.

4. The bearing cage lubricating film formation performance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein, The groove depth of the first non-contact groove (13) is greater than the groove depth of the second non-contact groove (14).

5. The bearing cage lubricating film forming performance measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower surface of the glass disc (3) is coated with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film. An integrated optical camera (5) is used to project a light source onto the contact area between the glass disc (3) and the steel ball (2) to form interference fringes, and the lubricating film thickness is obtained by measuring the change of the interference fringes.

6. The bearing cage lubricating film formation performance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating support (41) includes a base and two fixing plates vertically arranged on the base. A connecting shaft is arranged between the two fixing plates, and the connecting shaft connects the balance rod (42) and the fixing member together; the fixing member is sleeved on the connecting shaft, the upper end of the fixing member is sleeved on the connecting shaft, the lower end is arranged in the sliding groove, and the fixing member is fixed in the sliding groove by bolts.

7. A measuring method for the lubricating film forming performance of a bearing cage, characterized in that, The method specifically includes the following steps: S1. Clean the front and back sides of the glass disc (3), wipe off the impurities and oil stains on the surface of the glass disc (1), and make the surface of the glass disc (3) smooth. S2. After the four-point arc porous cage (1) made of the porous material to be tested is processed and immersed in oil, it is installed on the balance rod (42). S3. Clean the steel ball (2), remove the impurities and oil stains on its surface, then place it on the four-point arc porous cage (1), and install the four-point arc porous cage (1) on the fixed seat (43). S4. Rotate the four-point arc porous cage (1) so that the direction of its second non-contact groove (14) is perpendicular to the diameter direction at the contact point between the steel ball (2) and the glass disc (3). S5. Adjust the position of the counterweight (44) and set the pressing force value between the steel ball (2) and the contact lubricating arc (12), or between the steel ball (2) and the glass disc (3). S6. Open the software of the optical camera on the computer side, observe the contact point position between the steel ball (2) and the glass disc (3), finely adjust the position of the integrated optical camera (5) so that the contact point is at the center of the image captured by the integrated optical camera (5), and then adjust the magnification and light intensity of the integrated optical camera (5) to make the interference fringe image clear. S7. Set the rotation speed of the motor (7), start the motor. Driven by the glass disc (3), the steel ball (2) starts to rotate. At the same time, the lubricating liquid exuded from the contact area between the steel ball (2) and the contact lubricating arc (12) is brought into the area between the steel ball (2) and the glass disc (3) with the rolling of the steel ball (2) to form a lubricating oil film. S8. Start the screenshot acquisition system of the optical camera, collect the oil film image generated by the optical interference, and store the picture on the computer side at the same time. The contact lubricating oil precipitation amount of the four-point arc porous cage (1) is obtained by calculating the lubricating film thickness formed by the steel ball (2) and the glass disc (3).

Images