Experimental device for complex working conditions of ocean platform and submarine pipeline
By designing a complex working condition experimental device for marine platforms and subsea pipelines, the problem that existing equipment cannot simulate the real marine environment and coordinated transportation of multiple platforms is solved, efficient experiments and sample recycling of subsea pipelines are achieved, and the proximity and efficiency of experiments are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510544405.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-01
AI Technical Summary
Existing experimental equipment cannot simultaneously reproduce the scene of "wind-wave-flow" joint action in the real ocean, and cannot flexibly and efficiently simulate the coordinated transportation between multiple marine platforms, making it difficult to reveal the safety rules of crude oil transportation in submarine pipelines between multiple platforms.
A complex working conditions experimental device for marine platforms and subsea pipelines was designed, including oil and gas and water supply system, marine platform simulation system, marine pipeline system, marine environment simulation system and oil and gas and water separation system. It can simulate different marine environments and coordinated operations with multiple platforms, and buffer tanks, three-phase separators and electrical dewaterers are provided to realize the separation and return of mixed media.
Real simulation of different sea areas and harsh marine environments is achieved, the scene proximity of submarine pipeline experiments is improved, the experimental cost is reduced, the experimental efficiency is improved, and the recycling of experimental samples and the research of a variety of pipeline materials is supported.
Smart Images
Figure CN120404054A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine oil and gas gathering and transportation flow assurance, and in particular to a complex working condition experimental device for an ocean platform and a submarine pipeline. Background Art
[0002] In recent years, to meet the rapid growth of global energy demand, offshore oil and gas resource development has gradually expanded into deepwater and ultra-deepwater areas. While deepwater oil and gas resource development holds enormous potential, it also faces increasingly severe technical challenges. Against this backdrop, the coordinated operation of offshore platforms has become a core infrastructure for deepwater oil and gas development, with the inter-platform submarine crude oil transportation system playing a crucial role. However, submarine pipeline networks often face complex marine environmental threats such as typhoons, waves, and seawater corrosion during operation. Furthermore, during multi-platform coordinated operations, submarine crude oil transportation is not simply a matter of fluid transportation; it also involves complex fluid mechanics and multiphase flow transport challenges. Deepwater crude oil transportation is often accompanied by wax deposition, hydrate blockage, and slugging. Crude oil with a high wax content, in particular, experiences wax precipitation and deposition during transportation due to temperature and pressure fluctuations. These deposits gradually accumulate on the inner walls of pipelines, reducing pipeline diameter, reducing transportation efficiency, and in severe cases, potentially leading to pipeline blockage and increasing crude oil transport instability. Furthermore, hydrate formation and deposition can severely impact pipeline fluidity, causing physical blockages and significant economic and financial losses. Furthermore, issues such as subsea pipeline pigging, shutdown, and restart are common operating conditions that impact the safety of oil and gas gathering and transportation systems. Experiments and research are needed to study the key characteristic parameters of these processes, clarify their changing patterns, and develop corresponding technical solutions. Furthermore, dynamic collaborative scheduling between offshore platforms is a critical challenge that needs to be addressed urgently. For example, how to coordinate collaboration between platforms in extreme weather conditions and how to efficiently and accurately execute emergency shutdown logic are both technical bottlenecks facing current engineering practice.
[0003] However, most current experimental equipment can only simulate waves or currents individually, and cannot simultaneously reproduce the "wind-wave-current" scenario in the real ocean. In addition, it is unable to flexibly and efficiently simulate the coordinated transportation between multiple offshore platforms. Therefore, it is urgent to design a more reliable and realistic experimental device to reveal the safe transportation rules of crude oil in submarine pipelines between multiple platforms, and provide solutions for improving the safety and reliability of marine oil and gas resource development. To this end, an experimental device for complex working conditions of offshore platforms and submarine pipelines is proposed. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and to propose an experimental device for complex working conditions of an ocean platform and a submarine pipeline.
[0005] An experimental device for complex working conditions of an offshore platform and a subsea pipeline, comprising an oil-gas-water supply system, an offshore platform simulation system, an offshore pipeline system, an offshore environment simulation system and an oil-gas-water separation system. The oil-gas-water supply system is used to simulate and transport oil-gas-water fluids with different properties according to different experimental requirements. The offshore platform simulation system is used to mix the oil-gas-water provided by the oil-gas-water supply system and transport it to the offshore pipeline system. The offshore pipeline system is used to transport the oil-gas-water mixed fluid and monitor pipeline data. The offshore environment simulation system is used to simulate the changes in the offshore environment and act on the pipelines in the offshore pipeline system. The oil-gas-water separation system is used to perform three-phase separation on the transported mixed oil-gas-water fluid and transport it back to the oil-gas-water supply system for reuse.
[0006] Preferably, the oil-gas-water supply system includes a first gas storage tank, a second gas storage tank, a first oil storage tank, a second oil storage tank, a first water storage tank and a second water storage tank. The gas outlets of the first gas storage tank and the second gas storage tank are sequentially connected by pipelines with a first-stage gas storage tank outlet valve, a gas pump, a second-stage gas storage tank outlet valve and a gas storage tank outlet flowmeter. The second return ports of the first gas storage tank and the second gas storage tank are connected with a gas storage tank bypass valve, and the other end of the gas storage tank bypass valve is connected to the outlet end of the gas pump. The gas inlets of the first gas storage tank and the second gas storage tank are sequentially connected by pipelines with a gas storage tank inlet flowmeter and a gas storage tank inlet valve. The oil outlets of the first oil storage tank and the second oil storage tank are sequentially connected by pipelines with a first-stage oil storage tank outlet valve, an oil storage tank outlet centrifugal pump, a second-stage oil storage tank outlet valve and an oil storage tank outlet flowmeter. The third return ports of the first oil storage tank and the second oil storage tank are connected with an oil storage tank bypass valve, and the other end of the oil storage tank bypass valve is connected to the oil storage tank outlet centrifugal pump. The oil inlets of the first oil storage tank and the second oil storage tank are sequentially connected by pipelines with an oil storage tank inlet flowmeter and an oil storage tank inlet valve. The water outlets of the first water storage tank and the second water storage tank are sequentially connected by pipelines with a first-stage water storage tank outlet valve, a water storage tank outlet centrifugal pump, a second-stage water storage tank outlet valve and a water storage tank outlet flowmeter. The first return ports of the first water storage tank and the second water storage tank are connected with a water storage tank bypass valve, and the other end of the water storage tank bypass valve is connected to the water storage tank outlet centrifugal pump. The water inlets of the first water storage tank and the second water storage tank are sequentially connected by pipelines with a water storage tank inlet flowmeter and a water storage tank inlet valve.
[0007] Preferably, the offshore platform simulation system consists of an offshore platform one and an offshore platform two. The offshore platform one is provided with an air compressor and a first mixing and transportation pump. The air compressor valve of the air compressor is connected by a pipeline with the gas storage tank outlet flowmeter on the first gas storage tank, the oil storage tank outlet flowmeter on the first oil storage tank, the water storage tank outlet flowmeter on the first water storage tank and the inlet end of the first mixing and transportation pump. The offshore platform two is provided with a second mixing and transportation pump. The inlet end of the second mixing and transportation pump is connected by a pipeline with the gas storage tank outlet flowmeter on the second gas storage tank, the oil storage tank outlet flowmeter on the second oil storage tank and the water storage tank outlet flowmeter on the second water storage tank.
[0008] Preferably, the subsea pipeline system includes a first observation cylinder, a first sedimentation cylinder section, a first stop valve, a second observation cylinder, a second stop valve, a third observation cylinder, a third stop valve, a second sedimentation cylinder section, a fourth observation cylinder, and a pressure reducing valve. The first observation cylinder, the first sedimentation cylinder section, the first stop valve, the second observation cylinder, the third observation cylinder, the third stop valve, the second sedimentation cylinder section, the fourth observation cylinder, and the pressure reducing valve are sequentially connected by pipelines. The outlet end of the first hybrid pump is connected to the first observation cylinder. The outlet end of the second hybrid pump is connected to the inlet end of the second stop valve. The outlet end of the second stop valve is connected to the outlet end of the second observation cylinder and the inlet end of the third observation cylinder. A plurality of monitoring units are arranged on the pipeline of the subsea pipeline system, and each monitoring unit is composed of a pipeline temperature monitor, a pipeline pressure monitor, and a pipeline stress monitor.
[0009] Preferably, the oil-gas-water separation system includes a buffer tank, a three-phase separator, an electro-dehydrator, a gas return pump, an oil return pump, and a water return pump. A buffer tank inlet valve is arranged at the buffer tank inlet of the buffer tank and is connected to the outlet end of the pressure reducing valve. A buffer tank outlet valve is arranged at the buffer tank outlet of the buffer tank and is connected to the three-phase separator inlet of the three-phase separator. A buffer tank outlet valve is connected to the buffer tank gas outlet of the buffer tank. A three-phase separator outlet valve is connected to the three-phase separator gas outlet of the three-phase separator. A three-phase separator oil outlet valve is arranged at the three-phase separator oil outlet of the three-phase separator and is connected to the electro-dehydrator inlet of the electro-dehydrator. A three-phase separator water outlet valve is connected to the three-phase separator water outlet of the three-phase separator. An electro-dehydrator outlet valve is connected to the electro-dehydrator gas outlet of the electro-dehydrator. An electro-dehydrator oil outlet valve is arranged at the electro-dehydrator oil outlet of the electro-dehydrator and is connected to the oil return pump. An electro-dehydrator water outlet valve is connected to the electro-dehydrator water outlet of the electro-dehydrator. The inlet end of the gas return pump is connected to the buffer tank outlet valve, the three-phase separator outlet valve, and the electro-dehydrator outlet valve through pipelines. The outlet end of the gas return pump is connected to two gas storage tank inlet valves through pipelines. The outlet end of the oil return pump is connected to two oil storage tank inlet valves through pipelines. The inlet end of the water return pump is connected to the three-phase separator water outlet valve and the electro-dehydrator water outlet valve through pipelines. The outlet end of the water return pump is connected to two water storage tank inlet valves through pipelines.
[0010] Preferably, the marine environment simulation system includes a first water tank and a seismic wave generating platform. The seismic wave generating platform is installed at the bottom of the first water tank. A plurality of water tank inlets and a plurality of water tank outlets are respectively arranged on the two side walls of the first water tank. The number of the water tank inlets and the water tank outlets is the same and their positions correspond one by one. A plurality of transparent acrylic plates are connected to the wall of the first water tank, and the plurality of acrylic plates are respectively located at the middle positions between every two adjacent water tank outlets. A first supporting tank is installed on one side of the first water tank. A first supporting tank inlet is arranged on the first supporting tank. A plurality of first heating chambers are arranged in the first supporting tank. A first water inlet valve is arranged on each first heating chamber and is communicated with the first supporting tank. A first heating wire, a salt excretor and a first thermometer are arranged in each first heating chamber. Each first heating chamber is connected to a water tank inlet on the first water tank through a conduit. The number of the first heating chambers is the same as the number of the water tank inlets. A blower is arranged at the top of the first water tank near the water tank inlet. A wave generator is arranged on the side of the first water tank far from the blower.
[0011] Preferably, the marine environment simulation system includes a second water tank and a motor. A plurality of springs are connected to the bottom of the second water tank. A turntable is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the motor. A transmission rod is rotatably connected to the eccentric position of the turntable through a pin shaft. The other end of the transmission rod is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second water tank through a pin shaft. A plurality of temperature control water pipes are arranged in the second water tank from top to bottom. A second supporting tank is arranged on the side of the second water tank far from the motor. A second supporting tank inlet is arranged on the second supporting tank. A plurality of second heating chambers are arranged in the second supporting tank. A second water inlet valve is arranged on each second heating chamber and is communicated with the second supporting tank. A second heating wire and a second thermometer are arranged in each second heating chamber. Each second heating chamber is connected to a temperature control water pipe in the second water tank through a conduit. The number of the second heating chambers is the same as the number of the temperature control water pipes. A temperature control water pipe inlet valve is arranged at one end of each temperature control water pipe close to the second supporting tank.
[0012] Preferably, the marine pipeline system further includes a head end launching barrel, a middle end launching barrel, a middle end receiving barrel and a tail end receiving barrel. The head end launching barrel is provided with a head end launching barrel outlet valve and is connected to the inlet end of the first observation barrel. The middle end launching barrel is connected with a middle end launching barrel outlet valve. The middle end receiving barrel is connected with a middle end receiving barrel inlet valve. The outlet end of the middle end launching barrel outlet valve and the inlet end of the middle end receiving barrel inlet valve are connected to the inlet end of the second stop valve. The tail end receiving barrel is provided with a tail end receiving barrel inlet valve and is connected to the outlet end of the fourth observation barrel. Both the first sedimentation barrel section and the second sedimentation barrel section are composed of three sedimentation barrels. Four buckles are arranged on the inner wall of each sedimentation barrel, and the buckles are distributed at intervals of 90°. A quarter-circular attachment piece is arranged between every two adjacent buckles.
[0013] Preferably, heating bases are provided at the inner bottoms of the first water storage tank and the second water storage tank. Heating wires are installed on the heating bases. Pressure gauges are installed at the inner bottoms of the first water storage tank and the second water storage tank. Viscometers and pressure gauges are installed on the inner tank walls of the first oil storage tank and the second oil storage tank. Heating plates are provided in the first oil storage tank and the second oil storage tank. Rotary bases are provided at the inner bottoms of the first oil storage tank and the second oil storage tank. The rotary bases are connected with two symmetrically distributed stirring rods. Pressure gauges are installed on the top tank walls of the first gas storage tank and the second gas storage tank. Electromagnetic heating bases are provided on the two side tank walls of the first gas storage tank and the second gas storage tank. Heating plates are connected to the surfaces of the electromagnetic heating bases. Multiple fins are connected to each heating plate.
[0014] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
[0015] 1. The marine environment simulation system provided by the present invention can realize the simulation of different sea areas and different marine working environments that are close to reality, as well as the simulation of harsh marine environments such as typhoons and earthquakes, increasing the experimental scenarios of submarine pipelines and facilitating the acquisition of the safe transportation laws of crude oil in submarine pipelines among multiple platforms from experiments.
[0016] 2. The present invention is equipped with an oil-gas-water analysis system composed of a buffer tank, a three-phase separator and an electro-dehydrator, which can release pressure, separate and recycle the mixed medium after the experiment, realizing the recycling of experimental samples, avoiding the waste of experimental samples and effectively reducing the experimental cost.
[0017] 3. In the experimental pipeline of the present invention, during the transportation experiment simulation, the deposition situation on the inner wall of the pipeline of different transportation media in different transportation environments and its corrosion effect on the inner wall of the pipeline can be studied; at the same time, the anti-deposition and anti-corrosion research of multiple pipeline inner wall materials can be carried out in one experiment, improving the experimental efficiency and saving the experimental cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 2 It is a front sectional view of the buffer tank in the present invention.
[0020] Figure 3 It is a front sectional view of the three-phase separator in the present invention.
[0021] Figure 4 It is a top sectional view of the three-phase separator in the present invention.
[0022] Figure 5 It is a side sectional view of the three-phase separator in the present invention.
[0023] Figure 6 This is the front cross-sectional view of the electro-dehydrator in the present invention.
[0024] Figure 7 This is the side cross-sectional view of the electro-dehydrator in the present invention.
[0025] Figure 8 This is the front cross-sectional view of water storage tank 1 and water storage tank 2 in the present invention.
[0026] Figure 9 This is the top view of the heating base in the present invention.
[0027] Figure 10 This is the front cross-sectional view of gas storage tank 1 and gas storage tank 2 in the present invention.
[0028] Figure 11 This is the front cross-sectional view of oil storage tank 1 and oil storage tank 2 in the present invention.
[0029] Figure 12 This is the cross-sectional view of the sedimentation cylinder in the present invention.
[0030] Figure 13 This is the schematic diagram of the overall device in the state of simulation scheme 1 in the present invention.
[0031] Figure 14 This is the structural diagram of marine environment simulation 1 in the present invention.
[0032] Figure 15 This is the schematic diagram of the overall device in the state of simulation scheme 2 in the present invention.
[0033] Figure 16 This is the structural diagram of marine environment simulation 2 in the present invention.
[0034] Figure 17 This is the top view of the temperature control water pipe in the present invention.
[0035] In the figure: 1 Oil-gas-water supply system, 2 Offshore platform simulation system, 3 Submarine pipeline system, 4 Marine environment simulation system, 5 Oil-gas-water separation system, 101 Inlet valve of gas storage tank, 102 Inlet flowmeter of gas storage tank, 103 Gas storage tank 1, 104 Bypass valve of gas storage tank, 105 First-stage outlet valve of gas storage tank, 106 Gas pump, 107 Second-stage outlet valve of gas storage tank, 108 Outlet flowmeter of gas storage tank, 109 Air compressor, 110 Air compressor valve, 111 Inlet valve of oil storage tank, 112 Inlet flowmeter of oil storage tank, 113 Oil storage tank 1, 114 First-stage outlet valve of oil storage tank, 115 Bypass valve of oil storage tank, 116 Outlet centrifugal pump of oil storage tank, 117 Second-stage outlet valve of oil storage tank, 118 Outlet flowmeter of oil storage tank, 119 Inlet valve of water storage tank, 120 Inlet flowmeter of water storage tank, 121 Water storage tank 1, 122 First-stage outlet valve of water storage tank, 123 Bypass valve of water storage tank, 124 Outlet centrifugal pump of water storage tank, 125 Second-stage outlet valve of water storage tank, 126 Outlet flowmeter of water storage tank, 127 First mixing pump, 128 Launcher at the head end, 129 Outlet valve of launcher at the head end, 130 Observation cylinder 1, 131 Deposition cylinder section 1, 132 Stop valve 1, 133 Observation cylinder 2, 134 Stop valve 2, 135 Launcher in the middle section, 136 Outlet valve of launcher in the middle section, 137 Receiver in the middle section, 138 Inlet valve of receiver in the middle section, 139 Observation cylinder 3, 140 Stop valve 3, 141 Deposition cylinder section 2, 142 Observation cylinder 4, 143 Receiver at the end, 144 Inlet valve of receiver at the end, 145 Pressure reducing valve, 146 Inlet valve of buffer tank, 147 Buffer tank, 148 Gas outlet valve of buffer tank, 149 Outlet valve of buffer tank, 150 Three-phase separator, 151 Gas outlet valve of three-phase separator, 152 Oil outlet valve of three-phase separator, 153 Water outlet valve of three-phase separator, 154 Water outlet valve of electro-dehydrator, 155 Electro-dehydrator, 156 Oil outlet valve of electro-dehydrator, 157 Gas re-injection pump, 158 Oil re-injection pump, 159 Water re-injection pump, 160 Gas storage tank 2, 161 Oil storage tank 2, 162 Water storage tank 2, 16407 Outlet of Electrostatic Dehydrator, 408 Gas Outlet of Electrostatic Dehydrator, 409 Defoaming and Demisting Device of Electrostatic Dehydrator, 501 Water Inlet, 502 First Return Port, 503 First Temperature and Pressure Gauge, 504 Pressure Relief Port, 505 Liquid Level Gauge, 506 Heating Base, 507 Heating Wire, 508 Water Outlet, 601 Gas Outlet, 602 Second Return Port, 603 Electromagnetic Heating Base, 604 Second Temperature and Pressure Gauge, 605 Pressure Relief Port, 606 Fins, 607 Air Inlet, 608 Heating Sheet, 701 Oil Inlet, 702 Viscometer, 703 Oil Outlet, 704 Rotating Base, 705 Stirring Rod, 706 Third Return Port, 707 Heating Sheet, 708 Third Temperature and Pressure Gauge, 801 Deposition Cylinder, 802 Buckle, 803 Attachment Sheet, 901 First Water Tank, 902 Second Water Tank, 1001 Inlet of First Supporting Tank, 1002 First Water Inlet Valve, 1003 First Heating Wire, 1004 Salt Excretor, 1005 First Temperature Measuring Device, 1006 Blower, 1007 Water Inlet of Water Tank, 1008 Acrylic Plate, 1009 Wave Generator, 1010 Water Outlet of Water Tank, 1011 First Supporting Tank, 1012 First Heating Compartment, 1013 Seismic Wave Generation Platform, 1101 Motor, 1102 Transmission Rod, 1103 Spring, 1201 Temperature Control Water Pipe, 1202 Inlet Valve of Temperature Control Water Pipe, 1203 Second Water Inlet Valve, 1204 Second Heating Wire, 1205 Second Temperature Measuring Device, 1206 Second Supporting Tank, 1207 Second Heating Compartment, 1208 Inlet of Second Supporting Tank. Detailed Embodiment
[0036] To make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the detailed embodiments.
[0037] Refer to Figure 1-17 As shown, an experimental device for complex working conditions of an offshore platform and a subsea pipeline includes an oil-gas-water supply system 1, an offshore platform simulation system 2, an offshore pipeline system 3, an offshore environment simulation system 4 and an oil-gas-water separation system 5. The oil-gas-water supply system 1 is used to simulate and transport oil-gas-water fluids with different properties according to different experimental requirements. The offshore platform simulation system 2 is used to mix the oil-gas-water provided by the oil-gas-water supply system 1 and transport it to the offshore pipeline system 3. The offshore pipeline system is used to transport the oil-gas-water mixed fluid and monitor pipeline data. The offshore environment simulation system 4 is used to simulate changes in the offshore environment and act on the pipelines in the offshore pipeline system 3. The oil-gas-water separation system 5 is used to perform three-phase separation on the transported mixed oil-gas-water fluid and transport it back to the oil-gas-water supply system 1 for reuse.
[0038] The oil-gas-water supply system 1 includes a first gas storage tank 103, a second gas storage tank 160, a first oil storage tank 113, a second oil storage tank 161, a first water storage tank 121 and a second water storage tank 162. The gas outlet 601 of the first gas storage tank 103 and the second gas storage tank 160 is sequentially connected by pipelines with a first-stage gas storage tank outlet valve 105, a gas pump 106, a second-stage gas storage tank outlet valve 107 and a gas storage tank outlet flowmeter 108. The second return port 602 of the first gas storage tank 103 and the second gas storage tank 160 is connected with a gas storage tank bypass valve 104, and the other end of the gas storage tank bypass valve 104 is connected with the outlet end of the gas pump 106. The gas inlet 607 of the first gas storage tank 103 and the second gas storage tank 160 is sequentially connected by pipelines with a gas storage tank inlet flowmeter 102 and a gas storage tank inlet valve 101. The oil outlet 703 of the first oil storage tank 113 and the second oil storage tank 161 is sequentially connected by pipelines with a first-stage oil storage tank outlet valve 114, an oil storage tank outlet centrifugal pump 116, a second-stage oil storage tank outlet valve 117 and an oil storage tank outlet flowmeter 118. The third return port 706 of the first oil storage tank 113 and the second oil storage tank 161 is connected with an oil storage tank bypass valve 115, and the other end of the oil storage tank bypass valve 115 is connected with the oil storage tank outlet centrifugal pump 116. The oil inlet 701 of the first oil storage tank 113 and the second oil storage tank 161 is sequentially connected by pipelines with an oil storage tank inlet flowmeter 112 and an oil storage tank inlet valve 111. The water outlet 508 of the first water storage tank 121 and the second water storage tank 162 is sequentially connected by pipelines with a first-stage water storage tank outlet valve 122, a water storage tank outlet centrifugal pump 124, a second-stage water storage tank outlet valve 125 and a water storage tank outlet flowmeter 126. The first return port 502 of the first water storage tank 121 and the second water storage tank 162 is connected with a water storage tank bypass valve 123, and the other end of the water storage tank bypass valve 123 is connected with the water storage tank outlet centrifugal pump 124. The water inlet 501 of the first water storage tank 121 and the second water storage tank 162 is sequentially connected by pipelines with a water storage tank inlet flowmeter 120 and a water storage tank inlet valve 119.
[0039] The offshore platform simulation system 2 is composed of a first offshore platform and a second offshore platform. The first offshore platform is provided with an air compressor 109 and a first mixing and transportation pump 127. The air compressor valve 110 of the air compressor 109 is connected by pipelines with the gas storage tank outlet flowmeter 108 on the first gas storage tank 103, the oil storage tank outlet flowmeter 118 on the first oil storage tank 113, the water storage tank outlet flowmeter 126 on the first water storage tank 121 and the inlet end of the first mixing and transportation pump 127. The second offshore platform is provided with a second mixing and transportation pump 163. The inlet end of the second mixing and transportation pump 163 is connected by pipelines with the gas storage tank outlet flowmeter 108 on the second gas storage tank 160, the oil storage tank outlet flowmeter 118 on the second oil storage tank 161 and the water storage tank outlet flowmeter 126 on the second water storage tank 162.
[0040] The marine pipeline system 3 includes an observation cylinder 130, a sedimentation cylinder section 131, a stop valve 132, an observation cylinder 133, a stop valve 134, an observation cylinder 139, a stop valve 140, a sedimentation cylinder section 141, an observation cylinder 142, and a pressure reducing valve 145. The observation cylinder 130, the sedimentation cylinder section 131, the stop valve 132, the observation cylinder 133, the observation cylinder 139, the stop valve 140, the sedimentation cylinder section 141, the observation cylinder 142, and the pressure reducing valve 145 are sequentially connected by pipelines. The outlet end of the first hybrid pump 127 is connected to the observation cylinder 130. The outlet end of the second hybrid pump 163 is connected to the inlet end of the stop valve 134. The outlet end of the stop valve 134 is connected to the outlet end of the observation cylinder 133 and the inlet end of the observation cylinder 139. A plurality of monitoring units are provided on the pipeline of the marine pipeline system 3, and each monitoring unit is composed of a pipeline temperature monitor 164, a pipeline pressure monitor 165, and a pipeline stress monitor 166.
[0041] The oil-gas-water separation system 5 includes a buffer tank 147, a three-phase separator 150, an electro-dehydrator 155, a gas return pump 157, an oil return pump 158, and a water return pump 159. A buffer tank inlet valve 146 is provided at the buffer tank liquid inlet 204 of the buffer tank 147 and is connected to the outlet end of the pressure reducing valve 145. A buffer tank outlet valve 149 is provided at the buffer tank liquid outlet 203 of the buffer tank 147 and is connected to the three-phase separator liquid inlet 301 of the three-phase separator 150. A buffer tank gas outlet valve 148 is connected to the buffer tank gas outlet 201 of the buffer tank 147. A three-phase separator gas outlet valve 151 is connected to the three-phase separator gas outlet 303 of the three-phase separator 150. A three-phase separator oil outlet valve 152 is provided at the three-phase separator oil outlet 305 of the three-phase separator 150 and is connected to the electro-dehydrator liquid inlet 401 of the electro-dehydrator 155. A three-phase separator water outlet valve 153 is connected to the three-phase separator water outlet 306 of the three-phase separator 150. An electro-dehydrator gas outlet valve 167 is connected to the electro-dehydrator gas outlet 408 of the electro-dehydrator 155. An electro-dehydrator oil outlet valve 156 is provided at the electro-dehydrator oil outlet 407 of the electro-dehydrator 155 and is connected to the oil return pump 158. An electro-dehydrator water outlet valve 154 is connected to the electro-dehydrator water outlet 403 of the electro-dehydrator 155. The inlet end of the gas return pump 157 is connected to the buffer tank gas outlet valve 148, the three-phase separator gas outlet valve 151, and the electro-dehydrator gas outlet valve 167 through pipelines. The outlet end of the gas return pump 157 is connected to two gas storage tank inlet valves 101 through pipelines. The outlet end of the oil return pump 158 is connected to two oil storage tank inlet valves 111 through pipelines. The inlet end of the water return pump 159 is connected to the three-phase separator water outlet valve 153 and the electro-dehydrator water outlet valve 154 through pipelines. The outlet end of the water return pump 159 is connected to two water storage tank inlet valves 119 through pipelines.
[0042] The buffer tank 147 consists of a rotary buffer 207, a buffer tank liquid baffle 205, and a buffer tank defoaming and demisting device 202. The high-pressure mixed fluid is sprayed into the interior of the buffer tank 147 from the porous nozzle 206 through the buffer tank liquid inlet 204. When passing through the nozzle 206, the high-pressure fluid will be ejected in multiple directions simultaneously to initially disperse the pressure. Then, the mixed fluid continues to flow towards the rotary buffer 207. When flowing through the rotary buffer 207, the mixed fluid will act on the buffer blades on the rotary buffer 207, and the blades will further absorb the kinetic energy of the fluid and promote the separation of gas and liquid in the mixed fluid. The initially separated gas flows out from the buffer tank gas outlet 201 after the action of the buffer tank defoaming and demisting device 202, and the oil-water mixed fluid flows towards the three-phase separator 150 for further separation; The three-phase separator 150 consists of a buffer baffle 302, a separation chamber partition 308, an oil-water chamber partition 311, a solenoid valve 1 309, a solenoid valve 2 315, a three-phase separator defoaming and demisting device 304, and a three-phase separator liquid level gauge 314. The mixed fluid that has been pressure-reduced and initially separated by the buffer tank 147 first flows towards the buffer baffle 302 located in the separation chamber 316 through the three-phase separator liquid inlet 301, further reducing the fluid flow rate and promoting the gas-liquid separation in the mixed fluid. The separated gas flows out from the three-phase separator gas outlet 303 after the action of the three-phase separator defoaming and demisting device 304. The mixed liquid with reduced flow rate is initially separated in the separation chamber 316. The upper-layer oil product enters the oil tank 313 through the liquid outlet window 307 for secondary sedimentation separation. The water separated at the bottom enters the water tank 312 through the solenoid valve 1 309. The oil product that has been further sedimentation-separated in the oil tank 313 flows out through the three-phase separator oil outlet 305. The water separated from the bottom of the oil tank 313 flows into the water tank 312 through the solenoid valve 2 315, and finally flows out from the three-phase separator water outlet 306; The electric dehydrator 155 consists of positive and negative plates 402, an electric dehydrator liquid level gauge 404, an electric dehydrator liquid baffle 405, an oil suction pipe 406, and an electric dehydrator defoaming and demisting device 409. The oil product separated by the three-phase separator 150 flows into the electric dehydrator 155 through the electric dehydrator liquid inlet 401. Under the action of the positive and negative plates 402, the small water droplets contained in the oil product gradually converge and condense, and settle to the bottom of the electric dehydrator 155 under the action of gravity. Affected by the electric dehydrator liquid baffle 405, the water that settles to the bottom will not mix with the un-dehydrated oil product, but flows out through the electric dehydrator water outlet 403. The dehydrated oil product at the top of the electric dehydrator 155 flows out of the electric dehydrator oil outlet 407 through the oil suction pipe 406 to complete the dehydration of the oil product.
[0043] The marine environment simulation system 4 includes a first water tank 901 and a seismic wave generating platform 1013. The seismic wave generating platform 1013 is installed at the bottom of the first water tank 901. A plurality of water tank inlets 1007 and a plurality of water tank outlets 1010 are respectively arranged on both side walls of the first water tank 901. The number of the water tank inlets 1007 and the water tank outlets 1010 is the same and their positions correspond one by one. A plurality of transparent acrylic plates 1008 are connected to the wall of the first water tank 901, and the plurality of acrylic plates 1008 are respectively located at the middle positions between every two adjacent water tank outlets 1010. A first supporting box 1011 is installed on one side of the first water tank 901. A first supporting box inlet 1001 is arranged on the first supporting box 1011. A plurality of first heating chambers 1012 are arranged in the first supporting box 1011. A first water inlet valve 1002 is arranged on each first heating chamber 1012 and is communicated with the first supporting box 1011. A first heating wire 1003, a salt excretor 1004 and a first thermometer 1005 are arranged in each first heating chamber 1012. Each first heating chamber 1012 is connected to a water tank inlet 1007 on the first water tank 901 through a conduit. The number of the first heating chambers 1012 is the same as the number of the water tank inlets 1007. A blower 1006 is arranged at the top of the first water tank 901 near the water tank inlet 1007. A wave generator 1009 is arranged on one side of the first water tank 901 away from the blower 1006.
[0044] The marine environment simulation system 4 includes a second water tank 902 and a motor 1101. A plurality of springs 1103 are connected to the bottom of the second water tank 902. A turntable is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the motor 1101. A transmission rod 1102 is rotatably connected to the eccentric position of the turntable through a pin shaft. The other end of the transmission rod 1102 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second water tank 902 through a pin shaft. A plurality of temperature control water pipes 1201 are arranged in the second water tank 902 from top to bottom. A second supporting box 1206 is arranged on one side of the second water tank 902 away from the motor 1101. A second supporting box inlet 1208 is arranged on the second supporting box 1206. A plurality of second heating chambers 1207 are arranged in the second supporting box 1206. A second water inlet valve 1203 is arranged on each second heating chamber 1207 and is communicated with the second supporting box 1206. A second heating wire 1204 and a second thermometer 1205 are arranged in each second heating chamber 1207. Each second heating chamber 1207 is connected to a temperature control water pipe 1201 in the second water tank 902 through a conduit. The number of the second heating chambers 1207 is the same as the number of the temperature control water pipes 1201. A temperature control water pipe inlet valve 1202 is arranged at one end of each temperature control water pipe 1201 close to the second supporting box 1206.
[0045] The marine pipeline system 3 further includes a head-end launching barrel 128, a middle-end launching barrel 135, a middle-end receiving barrel 137, and a tail-end receiving barrel 143. The head-end launching barrel 128 is provided with a head-end launching barrel outlet valve 129 and is connected to the inlet end of the first observation barrel 130. The middle-end launching barrel 135 is connected to a middle-end launching barrel outlet valve 136. The middle-end receiving barrel 137 is connected to a middle-end receiving barrel inlet valve 138. The outlet end of the middle-end launching barrel outlet valve 136 and the inlet end of the middle-end receiving barrel inlet valve 138 are connected to the inlet end of a second stop valve 134. The tail-end receiving barrel 143 is provided with a tail-end receiving barrel inlet valve 144 and is connected to the outlet end of the fourth observation barrel 142. Both the first sedimentation barrel section 131 and the second sedimentation barrel section 141 are composed of three sedimentation barrels 801. The inner wall of each sedimentation barrel 801 is provided with four buckles 802, and the buckles 802 are distributed at intervals of 90°. A quarter-circular attachment piece 803 that fits the inner wall of the pipeline is arranged between every two adjacent buckles 802. Before the experiment, the attachment pieces 803 made of different materials or coated with different coatings can be inserted into the sedimentation barrel 801 in parallel, and the influence of various materials or coatings on the sedimentation on the inner wall of the submarine pipeline can be studied in one experiment.
[0046] At the inner bottom of both the first water storage tank 121 and the second water storage tank 162, there is a heating base 506, on which a heating wire 507 is installed. At the inner bottom of both the first water storage tank 121 and the second water storage tank 162, a first temperature and pressure gauge 503 is installed. On the inner tank walls of both the first oil storage tank 113 and the second oil storage tank 161, a viscometer 702 and a third temperature and pressure gauge 708 are installed. Heating sheets 707 are arranged inside both the first oil storage tank 113 and the second oil storage tank 161. At the inner bottom of both the first oil storage tank 113 and the second oil storage tank 161, there is a rotating base 704, which is equipped with a driving component. The rotating base 704 is connected to two symmetrically distributed stirring rods 705. On the top tank walls of both the first gas storage tank 103 and the second gas storage tank 160, a second temperature and pressure gauge 604 is installed. On both side tank walls of both the first gas storage tank 103 and the second gas storage tank 160, there is an electromagnetic heating base 603, and a heating sheet 608 is connected to the surface of the electromagnetic heating base 603. A plurality of fins 606 are connected to each heating sheet 608.
[0047] There are two schemes for the marine environment simulation system 4 in the experiment:
[0048] Refer to Figure 13, in Solution 1, the offshore platform system 2 is fixed to the bottom of the first water tank 901. The wind and waves are jointly controlled by the blower 1006 and the wave generator 1009. The water temperature of each layer is directly controlled by the first supporting tank 1011. By changing the water pressure of each layer through the first supporting tank 1011, the pressure distribution in the actual ocean is indirectly simulated. A seismic wave generating platform 1013 is installed at the bottom, which can be used to study the working state of the subsea pipeline system 3 under seismic conditions;
[0049] Refer to Figure 14 , open the first water inlet valves 1002 of each layer, so that the experimental water enters the first heating chamber 1012 through the water inlet of the first supporting tank 1001. Open the first heating wire 1003 and the desalination device 1004 in the first heating chamber 1012, heat and mix the brine in each first heating chamber 1012 to different temperatures and brine concentrations required for the experiment. Open the water inlet of the water tank 1007, so that the brine enters the experimental water layer. By controlling the sizes of the water inlet of the water tank 1007 and the water outlet of the water tank 1010, the water pressure of the experimental water layer 1014 is changed. The water pressures of different experimental water layers are different, so as to simulate the pressure distribution in the actual ocean; The transparent acrylic plate 1008 is reserved with holes in advance for the pipeline to pass through. Open the blower 1006, adjust the wind direction and wind force according to the experiment requirements to simulate the sea breeze environment. Open the wave generator 1009, adjust the frequency and intensity according to the experiment requirements to simulate the sea wave environment. Open the seismic wave generating platform 1013, simulate the ocean environment under different seismic conditions according to the experiment requirements, and the simulation of the ocean environment ends.
[0050] Refer to Figure 15 , in Solution 2, the offshore platform system 2 does not contact the second water tank 902 and is suspended above the second water tank 902. Under this solution, springs 1103 are installed at the bottom of the second water tank 902. The wind and waves are created by driving the second water tank 902 to shake back and forth by the motor 1101. The water temperature in the second water tank 902 is indirectly controlled by the temperature control water pipe 1201. The pressure changes according to the different water depths in the water tank and acts on the subsea pipeline system 3;
[0051] Refer to Figure 16 , open the second water inlet valves 1203 of each layer, so that the experimental water enters the second heating chamber 1207 through the water inlet of the second supporting tank 1208. Open the second heating wire 1204 in the second heating chamber 1207, heat the water temperature in each second heating chamber 1207 to the temperature required for the experiment. Open the inlet valve of the temperature control water pipe 1202, so that the water heated by the second heating chamber 1207 enters the temperature control water pipe 1201, and the temperature control water pipe 1201 starts to heat the water in the second water tank 902 in layers. Open the motor 1101, the rotation of the motor 1101 drives the transmission rod 1102 to shake the second water tank 902. Springs 1103 are installed at the bottom of the second water tank 902. As the motor 1101 rotates continuously, the second water tank 902 shakes continuously, generating waves, and the simulation of the ocean environment ends.
[0052] The operation process of the multi-functional simulation experiment of submarine pipelines is as follows:
[0053] Normal production and transportation: The first oil storage tank 113 and the second oil storage tank 161 are filled with dehydrated and degassed crude oil. The first water storage tank 121 and the second water storage tank 162 are filled with produced water from the wellhead. The first gas storage tank 103 and the second gas storage tank 160 are filled with associated gas from the wellhead, which contains components such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, and carbon dioxide. Turn on the heating elements 707 of the first oil storage tank 113 and the second oil storage tank 161 to heat the dehydrated and degassed crude oil in the tanks. Use a viscometer 702 and a third temperature and pressure gauge 708 to measure the properties of the crude oil in the tanks. Start the bottom stirring rod 705 to stir the crude oil in the tanks to make the properties of the oil in the tanks more uniform. The heating bases 506 at the bottoms of the first water storage tank 121 and the second water storage tank 162 heat the water bodies in the tanks, and a first temperature and pressure gauge 503 is used to monitor the pressure and water temperature in the tanks in real time. Start the electromagnetic heating base 603 in the first gas storage tank 103 and the second gas storage tank 160 to energize and generate a magnetic field, causing the heating element 608 to generate eddy currents and transfer heat to the fins 606 to heat the gas in the tanks, and a second temperature and pressure gauge 604 is used to monitor the gas in the tanks. After the properties of the oil, gas, and water meet the experimental requirements, start simulating the normal production and transportation conditions of the offshore platform. Open the first-stage outlet valve 105 of the gas storage tank, the gas pump 106, and the second-stage outlet valve 107 of the gas storage tank, and close the bypass valve 104 of the gas storage tank. The gas flows through the outlet flowmeter 108 of the gas storage tank and then enters the mixing pipeline. Open the first-stage outlet valve 114 of the oil storage tank, the centrifugal oil pump 116 for the outlet of the oil storage tank, and the second-stage outlet valve 117 of the oil storage tank, and close the bypass valve 115 of the oil storage tank. The oil body flows through the outlet flowmeter 118 of the oil storage tank and then enters the mixing pipeline. Open the first-stage outlet valve 122 of the water storage tank, the centrifugal water pump 124 for the outlet of the water storage tank, and the second-stage outlet valve 125 of the water storage tank, and close the bypass valve 123 of the water storage tank. The water body flows through the outlet flowmeter 126 of the water storage tank and then enters the mixing pipeline. The three fluids of oil, gas, and water on the first offshore platform are mixed in the mixing pipeline and then pressurized and mixed by the first mixing pump 127, and flow through the observation cylinder 130 to the first sedimentation pipe section 131, and then through the first stop valve 132 and the observation cylinder 133 to the second stop valve 134, and converge with the mixed fluid of the second offshore platform. After the flow stabilizes, read the relevant parameters of the pipeline from the first mixing pump 127 to the second stop valve 134 through the pipeline temperature monitor 164, the pipeline pressure monitor 165, and the pipeline stress monitor 166. After the three fluids of oil, gas, and water on the second offshore platform are mixed in the mixing pipeline, they first converge with the mixed fluid of the first offshore platform, and then through the observation cylinder 139 and the third stop valve 140, and flow to the second sedimentation cylinder section 141. The mixed fluid of the two platforms is deposited in the second sedimentation cylinder section 141 and then through the observation cylinder 142 and flows to the pressure reducing valve 145. After the flow stabilizes, read the relevant parameters of the pipeline from the second stop valve 134 to the pressure reducing valve 145 through the pipeline temperature monitor 164, the pipeline pressure monitor 165, and the pipeline stress monitor 166. The fluid is decompressed by the pressure reducing valve 145 and then flows into the oil, gas, and water separation system 5 for oil, gas, and water separation, and finally is back-transported to the corresponding oil, gas, and water storage tanks, and the experiment ends.
[0054] Fluid replacement: After repeating the above normal production and transportation operations, slowly close the second-stage outlet valve 107 of the gas storage tank, the second-stage outlet valve 117 of the oil storage tank, open the bypass valve 104 of the gas storage tank and the bypass valve 115 of the oil storage tank. At this time, read the relevant data according to the pipeline temperature monitor 164, the pipeline pressure monitor 165, and the pipeline stress monitor 166 until no oil product can be observed in the oil tank 313 of the three-phase separator 150. Then close the gas pump 106, the centrifugal pump 116 for the oil storage tank outlet, the centrifugal pump 124 for the water storage tank outlet, the second-stage outlet valve 117 of the oil storage tank, and the second-stage outlet valve 125 of the water storage tank, and the experiment ends. Similar to the above process, fluid replacement simulation studies for single-phase crude oil, oil-water two-phase and other working conditions can also be carried out according to the actual experimental objectives.
[0055] Pipeline shutdown and restart: After no oil product can be observed in the oil tank 313 of the three-phase separator 150, slowly open the second-stage outlet valve 107 of the gas storage tank, the second-stage outlet valve 117 of the oil storage tank, the second-stage outlet valve 125 of the water storage tank, the gas pump 106, the centrifugal pump 116 for the oil storage tank outlet, and the centrifugal pump 124 for the water storage tank outlet. Close the bypass valve 104 of the gas storage tank and the bypass valve 115 of the oil storage tank. The oil, gas and water three fluids on the first offshore platform are mixed in the mixing pipeline and then pressurized and mixed by the first mixing pump 127, pass through the first observation cylinder 130, and flow to the first sedimentation pipe section 131. Then, through the first stop valve 132 and the second observation cylinder 133, it flows to the second stop valve 134 and converges with the mixed transportation fluid of the second offshore platform. At this time, read the relevant parameters of the pipeline section from the first mixing pump 127 to the second stop valve 134 through the pipeline temperature monitor 164, the pipeline pressure monitor 165, and the pipeline stress monitor 166. After the oil, gas and water three fluids on the second offshore platform are mixed in the mixing pipeline, they first converge with the mixed transportation fluid of the first offshore platform, and then pass through the third observation cylinder 139 and the third stop valve 140 and flow to the second sedimentation cylinder section 141. After the mixed fluids of the two platforms are sedimented in the second sedimentation cylinder section 141, they pass through the fourth observation cylinder 142 and flow to the pressure reducing valve 145. Similarly, read the relevant parameters of the pipeline section from the second stop valve 134 to the pressure reducing valve 145 through the pipeline temperature monitor 164, the pipeline pressure monitor 165, and the pipeline stress monitor 166 until oil product is observed again in the oil tank 313 of the three-phase separator 150, and the experiment ends. Similar to the above process, pipeline shutdown and restart simulation studies for single-phase crude oil, oil-water two-phase and other working conditions can also be carried out according to the actual experimental objectives.
[0056] Pigging operation: After the properties of oil, gas and water meet the experimental requirements, start to simulate the normal production and transportation conditions of the offshore platform. After the flow is stable and the parameters are read, open the outlet valve 129 of the pig launcher at the head end, and start the pigging operation of the pipeline from the first-stage mixing pump 127 to the second-stage stop valve 134. Read the pipeline temperature, pressure, stress and other data until the pig reaches the pig receiver 137 at the middle end, and then close the inlet valve 138 of the pig receiver at the middle end. At this time, open the outlet valve 136 of the pig launcher at the middle end, and start the pigging operation of the pipeline from the second-stage stop valve 134 to the pressure reducing valve 145. Read the pipeline temperature, pressure, stress and other data until the pig reaches the pig receiver 143 at the end, and then close the inlet valve 144 of the pig receiver at the end to end the experiment.
[0057] As is known to those skilled in the art, the present invention can be implemented by other embodiments without departing from its spirit or essential features. Therefore, the above-disclosed embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not exclusive. All changes within the scope of the present invention or equivalent to the present invention are encompassed by the present invention.
Claims
1. An experimental device for complex working conditions of an offshore platform and a subsea pipeline, characterized in that: It includes an oil-gas-water supply system (1), an offshore platform simulation system (2), an offshore pipeline system (3), an offshore environment simulation system (4), and an oil-gas-water separation system (5). The oil-gas-water supply system (1) is used to simulate and transport oil-gas-water fluids with different properties according to different experimental requirements. The offshore platform simulation system (2) is used to mix the oil-gas-water provided by the oil-gas-water supply system (1) and transport it to the offshore pipeline system (3). The offshore pipeline system (3) is used to transport the oil-gas-water mixed fluid and monitor pipeline data. The offshore environment simulation system (4) is used to simulate changes in the offshore environment and act on the pipelines in the offshore pipeline system (3). The oil-gas-water separation system (5) is used to perform three-phase separation on the transported mixed oil-gas-water fluid and transport it back to the oil-gas-water supply system (1) for reuse.
2. The experimental device for complex working conditions of an offshore platform and a subsea pipeline according to claim 1, wherein: The oil-gas-water supply system (1) includes a first gas storage tank (103), a second gas storage tank (160), a first oil storage tank (113), a second oil storage tank (161), a first water storage tank (121), and a second water storage tank (162). The gas outlets (601) of the first gas storage tank (103) and the second gas storage tank (160) are sequentially connected through pipelines to a first-stage gas storage tank outlet valve (105), a gas pump (106), a second-stage gas storage tank outlet valve (107), and a gas storage tank outlet flowmeter (108). The second return ports (602) of the first gas storage tank (103) and the second gas storage tank (160) are connected to a gas storage tank bypass valve (104), and the other end of the gas storage tank bypass valve (104) is connected to the outlet end of the gas pump (106). The gas inlets (607) of the first gas storage tank (103) and the second gas storage tank (160) are sequentially connected through pipelines to a gas storage tank inlet flowmeter (102) and a gas storage tank inlet valve (101). The oil outlets (703) of the first oil storage tank (113) and the second oil storage tank (161) are sequentially connected through pipelines to a first-stage oil storage tank outlet valve (114), an oil storage tank outlet centrifugal pump (116), a second-stage oil storage tank outlet valve (117), and an oil storage tank outlet flowmeter (118). The third return ports (706) of the first oil storage tank (113) and the second oil storage tank (161) are connected to an oil storage tank bypass valve (115), and the other end of the oil storage tank bypass valve (115) is connected to the oil storage tank outlet centrifugal pump (116). The oil inlets (701) of the first oil storage tank (113) and the second oil storage tank (161) are sequentially connected through pipelines to an oil storage tank inlet flowmeter (112) and an oil storage tank inlet valve (111). The water outlets (508) of the first water storage tank (121) and the second water storage tank (162) are sequentially connected through pipelines to a first-stage water storage tank outlet valve (122), a water storage tank outlet centrifugal pump (124), a second-stage water storage tank outlet valve (125), and a water storage tank outlet flowmeter (126). The first return ports (502) of the first water storage tank (121) and the second water storage tank (162) are connected to a water storage tank bypass valve (123), and the other end of the water storage tank bypass valve (123) is connected to the water storage tank outlet centrifugal pump (124). The water inlets (501) of the first water storage tank (121) and the second water storage tank (162) are sequentially connected through pipelines to a water storage tank inlet flowmeter (120) and a water storage tank inlet valve (119).
3. The experimental device for complex working conditions of an offshore platform and a subsea pipeline according to claim 2, characterized in that: The offshore platform simulation system (2) consists of Offshore Platform One and Offshore Platform Two. Offshore Platform One is provided with an air compressor (109) and a first multiphase pump (127). The air compressor valve (110) of the air compressor (109) is connected through a pipeline to the flowmeter (108) at the outlet of the gas storage tank on the first gas storage tank (103), the flowmeter (118) at the outlet of the first oil storage tank on the first oil storage tank (113), the flowmeter (126) at the outlet of the first water storage tank on the first water storage tank (121), and the inlet end of the first multiphase pump (127). Offshore Platform Two is provided with a second multiphase pump (163). The inlet end of the second multiphase pump (163) is connected through a pipeline to the flowmeter (108) at the outlet of the gas storage tank on the second gas storage tank (160), the flowmeter (118) at the outlet of the second oil storage tank on the second oil storage tank (161), and the flowmeter (126) at the outlet of the second water storage tank on the second water storage tank (162).
4. An experimental device for complex working conditions of an offshore platform and a subsea pipeline according to claim 3, characterized in that: The offshore pipeline system (3) includes a first observation cylinder (130), a first sedimentation cylinder section (131), a first stop valve (132), a second observation cylinder (133), a second stop valve (134), a third observation cylinder (139), a third stop valve (140), a second sedimentation cylinder section (141), a fourth observation cylinder (142), and a pressure reducing valve (145). The first observation cylinder (130), the first sedimentation cylinder section (131), the first stop valve (132), the second observation cylinder (133), the third observation cylinder (139), the third stop valve (140), the second sedimentation cylinder section (141), the fourth observation cylinder (142), and the pressure reducing valve (145) are sequentially connected through pipelines. The outlet end of the first multiphase pump (127) is connected to the first observation cylinder (130). The outlet end of the second multiphase pump (163) is connected to the inlet end of the second stop valve (134). The outlet end of the second stop valve (134) is connected to the outlet end of the second observation cylinder (133) and the inlet end of the third observation cylinder (139). A plurality of monitoring units are arranged on the pipeline of the offshore pipeline system (3). Each monitoring unit consists of a pipeline temperature monitor (164), a pipeline pressure monitor (165), and a pipeline stress monitor (166).
5. An experimental device for complex working conditions of an offshore platform and a subsea pipeline according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil-gas-water separation system (5) includes a buffer tank (147), a three-phase separator (150), an electro-dehydrator (155), a gas return pump (157), an oil return pump (158), and a water return pump (159). The buffer tank inlet (204) of the buffer tank (147) is provided with a buffer tank inlet valve (146) connected to the outlet end of a pressure reducing valve (145). The buffer tank outlet (203) of the buffer tank (147) is provided with a buffer tank outlet valve (149) connected to the three-phase separator inlet (301) of the three-phase separator (150). The buffer tank gas outlet (201) of the buffer tank (147) is connected to a buffer tank gas outlet valve (148). The three-phase separator gas outlet (303) of the three-phase separator (150) is connected to a three-phase separator gas outlet valve (151). The three-phase separator oil outlet (305) of the three-phase separator (150) is provided with a three-phase separator oil outlet valve (152) connected to the electro-dehydrator inlet (401) of the electro-dehydrator (155). The three-phase separator water outlet (306) of the three-phase separator (150) is connected to a three-phase separator water outlet valve (153). The electro-dehydrator gas outlet (408) of the electro-dehydrator (155) is connected to an electro-dehydrator gas outlet valve (167). The electro-dehydrator oil outlet (407) of the electro-dehydrator (155) is provided with an electro-dehydrator oil outlet valve (156) connected to the oil return pump (158). The electro-dehydrator water outlet (403) of the electro-dehydrator (155) is connected to an electro-dehydrator water outlet valve (154). The inlet end of the gas return pump (157) is connected by a pipeline to the buffer tank gas outlet valve (148), the three-phase separator gas outlet valve (151), and the electro-dehydrator gas outlet valve (167). The outlet end of the gas return pump (157) is connected by a pipeline to two gas storage tank inlet valves (101). The outlet end of the oil return pump (158) is connected by a pipeline to two oil storage tank inlet valves (111). The inlet end of the water return pump (159) is connected by a pipeline to the three-phase separator water outlet valve (153) and the electro-dehydrator water outlet valve (154). The outlet end of the water return pump (159) is connected by a pipeline to two water storage tank inlet valves (119).
6. The experimental device for complex working conditions of an offshore platform and a subsea pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marine environment simulation system (4) includes a first water tank (901) and a seismic wave generating platform (1013). The seismic wave generating platform (1013) is installed at the bottom of the first water tank (901). A plurality of water tank inlets (1007) and a plurality of water tank outlets (1010) are respectively arranged on the two side walls of the first water tank (901). The number of the water tank inlets (1007) is the same as that of the water tank outlets (1010), and their positions correspond one by one. A plurality of transparent acrylic plates (1008) are connected to the wall of the first water tank (901). The plurality of acrylic plates (1008) are respectively located at the middle positions between every two adjacent water tank outlets (1010). A first supporting box (1011) is installed on one side of the first water tank (901). A first supporting box inlet (1001) is arranged on the first supporting box (1011). A plurality of first heating chambers (1012) are arranged in the first supporting box (1011). A first water inlet valve (1002) is arranged on each first heating chamber (1012) and is communicated with the first supporting box (1011). A first heating wire (1003), a salt excretor (1004) and a first thermometer (1005) are arranged in each first heating chamber (1012). Each first heating chamber (1012) is connected to a water tank inlet (1007) on the first water tank (901) through a conduit. The number of the first heating chambers (1012) is the same as that of the water tank inlets (1007). A blower (1006) is arranged at the top of the first water tank (901) near the water tank inlet (1007). A wave generator (1009) is arranged on the side of the first water tank (901) away from the blower (1006).
7. An experimental device for complex working conditions of an offshore platform and a subsea pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marine environment simulation system (4) includes a second water tank (902) and a motor (1101). A plurality of springs (1103) are connected to the bottom of the second water tank (902). A turntable is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the motor (1101). A transmission rod (1102) is rotatably connected to the eccentric position of the turntable through a pin shaft. The other end of the transmission rod (1102) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second water tank (902) through a pin shaft. A plurality of temperature control water pipes (1201) are arranged in the second water tank (902) from top to bottom. A second supporting box (1206) is arranged on one side of the second water tank (902) away from the motor (1101). A second supporting box water inlet (1208) is arranged on the second supporting box (1206). A plurality of second heating chambers (1207) are arranged in the second supporting box (1206). A second water inlet valve (1203) is arranged on each second heating chamber (1207) and is communicated with the second supporting box (1206). A second heating wire (1204) and a second thermometer (1205) are arranged in each second heating chamber (1207). Each second heating chamber (1207) is connected to a temperature control water pipe (1201) in the second water tank (902) through a conduit. The number of the second heating chambers (1207) is the same as that of the temperature control water pipes (1201). A temperature control water pipe inlet valve (1202) is arranged at one end of each temperature control water pipe (1201) close to the second supporting box (1206).
8. The experimental device for complex working conditions of an offshore platform and a subsea pipeline according to claim 4, wherein: The marine pipeline system (3) further includes a head end launching barrel (128), a middle end launching barrel (135), a middle end receiving barrel (137) and a tail end receiving barrel (143). A head end launching barrel outlet valve (129) is arranged on the head end launching barrel (128) and is connected to the inlet end of the first observation barrel (130). A middle end launching barrel outlet valve (136) is connected to the middle end launching barrel (135). A middle end receiving barrel inlet valve (138) is connected to the middle end receiving barrel (137). The outlet end of the middle end launching barrel outlet valve (136) and the inlet end of the middle end receiving barrel inlet valve (138) are connected to the inlet end of the second stop valve (134). A tail end receiving barrel inlet valve (144) is arranged on the tail end receiving barrel (143) and is connected to the outlet end of the fourth observation barrel (142). Both the first sedimentation barrel section (131) and the second sedimentation barrel section (141) are composed of three sedimentation barrels (801). Four buckles (802) are arranged on the inner wall of each sedimentation barrel (801), and the buckles (802) are distributed at an interval of 90°. A quarter-circular attachment piece (803) is arranged between every two adjacent buckles (802).
9. The experimental device for complex working conditions of an offshore platform and a subsea pipeline according to claim 2, characterized in that: A heating base (506) is provided at the inner bottom of each of the first water storage tank (121) and the second water storage tank (162). A heating wire (507) is installed on the heating base (506). A first temperature and pressure gauge (503) is installed at the inner bottom of each of the first water storage tank (121) and the second water storage tank (162). A viscometer (702) and a third temperature and pressure gauge (708) are installed on the inner tank walls of each of the first oil storage tank (113) and the second oil storage tank (161). Heating sheets (707) are provided inside each of the first oil storage tank (113) and the second oil storage tank (161). A rotating base (704) is provided at the inner bottom of each of the first oil storage tank (113) and the second oil storage tank (161). The rotating base (704) is connected to two symmetrically distributed stirring rods (705). A second temperature and pressure gauge (604) is installed on the top tank walls of each of the first gas storage tank (103) and the second gas storage tank (160). Electromagnetic heating bases (603) are provided on both side tank walls of each of the first gas storage tank (103) and the second gas storage tank (160). A heating sheet (608) is connected to the surface of the electromagnetic heating base (603). A plurality of fins (606) are connected to each heating sheet (608).