A bay environment simulation and forecasting method and device

Abstract

This invention discloses a method and apparatus for simulating and forecasting the environment of a bay, relating to the field of marine environmental forecasting technology, to solve the problem in existing technologies where forecast accuracy and timeliness cannot be simultaneously achieved in environmental simulation and forecasting of bays. The method includes: based on coastline data, using a curved orthogonal grid to densify the target sub-region within the target bay area, generating a refined curved orthogonal grid with varying resolution from the nearshore area to the open sea area; based on the refined curved orthogonal grid, creating a variable-resolution grid file according to the model simulation data format requirements; determining the model input file based on water depth and topographic data and the variable-resolution grid file; and inputting the model input file into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic marine numerical model for calculation to obtain simulation and forecast data. This approach satisfies the simulation accuracy requirements of different bay areas while ensuring the simulation calculation speed and efficiency for the entire target bay area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine environmental forecasting technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for simulating and forecasting the environment of a bay. Background Technology

[0002] The semi-enclosed bay has a unique geographical environment with multiple rivers and streams flowing into it. It is rich in marine life and ecological resources and occupies an important position in fisheries, shipping and tourism.

[0003] Currently, there are two main methods for understanding the marine environment of semi-enclosed bays. The first method is survey and observation, which can be used to understand marine hydrodynamic environmental elements such as water level, temperature, and salinity, as well as the spatial distribution and seasonal variations of marine ecological environmental elements such as seawater chlorophyll, nutrients, and dissolved oxygen at different depths at the surface and underwater. The second method is marine numerical simulation, which is used to understand the three-dimensional spatial distribution and temporal variation patterns of bay water level, tides, and water exchange.

[0004] Specifically, when using numerical simulation methods to understand the marine environment of semi-enclosed bays, it is often necessary to mesh the bay area. However, existing techniques fail to design meshes according to the characteristics of the bay area, instead applying the same mesh density to both the offshore and nearshore regions. The drawbacks of this approach are twofold: if the mesh density is too low, the simulation accuracy for the nearshore area of ​​the bay will be insufficient; if the mesh density is too high, the computational load will be excessive. Especially since the required accuracy for offshore simulations is not as high as that for nearshore simulations in real-world scenarios, having the same mesh density for both offshore and nearshore areas can lead to over-simulation of the offshore region, thus increasing unnecessary computational load and reducing the overall simulation efficiency for the bay. There is an urgent need in this field for a new numerical simulation method for bay areas that can meet the different resolution requirements for different regions of the bay while ensuring simulation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for simulating and forecasting the environment of a bay, which solves the problem that existing technologies cannot simultaneously achieve both forecast accuracy and timeliness when performing environmental simulation and forecasting of a bay.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for simulating and forecasting the environment of a bay, comprising:

[0008] Acquire water depth, topographic data, and coastline data for the target bay area;

[0009] Based on the coastline data, the target sub-regions in the target bay area are densified using a curved orthogonal grid to generate a refined curved orthogonal grid with varying resolution from the near-shore area to the open sea area in the target bay area.

[0010] Based on the refined curved orthogonal mesh with varying resolution from the nearshore area to the offshore area, a variable resolution mesh file is generated according to the data format requirements of the model simulation.

[0011] Optionally, the horizontal resolution of the grid in the variable resolution grid file adaptively varies from a first length in the near-shore area to a second length in the offshore area; the ratio of the second length to the first length is greater than 10.

[0012] Optionally, determining the model input file based on the water depth topographic data and the variable resolution mesh file includes:

[0013] Based on the water depth topography data and the variable resolution mesh file, a water depth topography variable resolution mesh file for the target bay area is generated;

[0014] The model input file is created based on the water depth topographic deformation resolution mesh file.

[0015] Optionally, the variable resolution mesh file is a netcdf mesh file;

[0016] The step of generating a variable-resolution mesh file for the water depth topography of the target bay area based on the water depth topography data and the variable-resolution mesh file includes:

[0017] Read the netcdf mesh file and extract the distribution information of seawater points and land points;

[0018] Based on the distribution information and the water depth topography data, the preset refined simulation points in the target bay area are refined, and the vertical direction of the preset refined simulation points is divided into a target number of layers and the coordinates of each layer are calculated to obtain the processed data.

[0019] The processed data is saved to the depth-topographic deformation resolution grid file.

[0020] Optionally, the water depth topographic deformation resolution grid file includes hydrodynamic environment observation data, ecological environment observation data, historical meteorological observation data, and meteorological forecast data under future climate scenarios;

[0021] The process of creating the model input file based on the water depth topographic deformation resolution mesh file includes:

[0022] Based on the water depth topographic deformation resolution mesh file and using the preset ROMS model preprocessing program, the initial fields of hydrodynamic environmental elements, the initial fields of ecological environmental elements, the historical surface forcing field of wind field, the historical surface forcing field of heat flux, the future predicted upper surface forcing field of wind field, and the future predicted upper surface forcing field of heat flux are generated; wherein, the hydrodynamic environmental elements include at least temperature and salinity; and the ecological environmental elements include at least chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients.

[0023] Optionally, the step of creating the model input file based on the water depth topographic deformation resolution mesh file further includes:

[0024] Based on the environmental characteristics of the target bay area, tidal current simulation parameters affecting tidal current simulation, hydrodynamic simulation parameters affecting hydrodynamic simulation, and ecological environment parameters affecting ecological environment simulation are set.

[0025] Based on the water depth topographic deformation resolution mesh file, the pre-set ROMS model preprocessing program is used to generate the tidal current lag angle and amplitude, generate hydrodynamic environmental element distribution data, and generate ecological environment element distribution data.

[0026] Optionally, the preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model includes a tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and a marine ecological sub-model;

[0027] The step of inputting the model input file into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation includes:

[0028] Using the model input file, perform three-dimensional coupling calculations between the tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and the marine ecological sub-model.

[0029] Optionally, the first length is greater than or equal to 50 meters, and the second length is greater than or equal to 1 kilometer. For example, the first length can be in the range of [50, 100] meters.

[0030] Optionally, the Gulf environment simulation and forecasting method further includes:

[0031] Based on the simulated forecast data, horizontal grid latitude and longitude transformation interpolation and vertical water layer interpolation are performed using a preset interpolation program to obtain interpolated data;

[0032] Based on the interpolated data, horizontal and vertical distribution images are drawn using computer graphics methods.

[0033] Based on the simulated forecast data, the initial field for the next forecast is extracted.

[0034] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention provides a bay environment simulation and forecasting method. Before the ROMS model simulation runs, a suitable method, such as using curve orthogonal grids based on coastline data, is employed to densify the target sub-region, including the nearshore area, within the target bay region to generate a variable-resolution grid file. The horizontal resolution of the grid in the variable-resolution grid file adaptively varies from, for example, 0.103 km near the coast of a bay to 6.860 km offshore. Then, based on water depth and topographic data and the variable-resolution grid file, a model input file is determined and input into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model to obtain simulation and forecast data. This method ensures both the simulation accuracy for the nearshore area and the simulation speed and efficiency for the entire target bay region. This satisfies the differentiated simulation accuracy requirements of different regions and effectively balances the relationship between simulation accuracy and timeliness.

[0035] Secondly, the present invention also provides a Gulf environment simulation and forecasting device, comprising:

[0036] The acquisition module is used to acquire water depth, topographic data, and coastline data for the target bay area.

[0037] The generation module is used to densify the target sub-region in the target bay area based on the coastline data using a curved orthogonal grid, and generate a refined curved orthogonal grid with varying resolution from the near-shore area to the offshore area in the target bay area.

[0038] The module is used to generate a variable resolution mesh file based on the refined curved orthogonal mesh with varying resolution from the near-shore area to the offshore area, according to the data format requirements of the model simulation.

[0039] The determination module is used to determine the model input file based on the water depth topographic data and the variable resolution mesh file;

[0040] The simulation and forecasting module is used to input the model input file into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation to obtain simulation and forecasting data. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 One of the flowcharts of a bay environment simulation and forecasting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2A second schematic flowchart of a bay environment simulation and forecasting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a bay environment simulation and forecasting device provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and effect. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are merely used to distinguish different thresholds and do not limit their order. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and that the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0046] It should be noted that in this invention, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0047] In this invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between the associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a method for simulating and forecasting the environment of a bay, which may include:

[0049] Step 110: Obtain water depth topographic data and coastline data for the target bay area;

[0050] Specifically, water depth topographic data generally includes water depth information, topographic features, and geological structure information.

[0051] Water depth information can include depth values ​​and contour data.

[0052] Topographic features can include submarine landform types (such as the distribution and morphological data of different landform units such as submarine mountains, trenches, basins, continental shelves, and continental slopes, including information such as their location, extent, and orientation).

[0053] Geological structural information includes at least stratigraphic information. The distribution and thickness data of different strata in the stratigraphic information reflect the stratification of the seabed geology.

[0054] Specifically, coastline data can include geographic location information, morphological feature data, and dynamic change information.

[0055] Geographic location information includes latitude and longitude coordinates and planar coordinates. In latitude and longitude coordinates, the latitude and longitude data of each point on the coastline can accurately determine the location of the coastline on Earth.

[0056] Morphological data can include coastline length, tortuosity, and bay outline. For example, bay outline is the specific shape data of the bay enclosed by the coastline, including information such as the direction of the bay's opening and its width variation, which can be used to analyze the bay's hydrodynamic characteristics and ecological environment.

[0057] Dynamic change information can include tidal impact data and coastal erosion and deposition data. Tidal impact data shows the positional changes of the coastline at different tidal levels. Coastal erosion and deposition data lines show the changes in erosion or deposition over long-term timescales, such as the positional changes of certain points on the coastline in different years.

[0058] Step 120: Based on the coastline data, the target sub-regions in the target bay area are densified using a curved orthogonal mesh to generate a refined curved orthogonal mesh with varying resolution from the nearshore area to the open sea area in the target bay area; specifically, the target sub-regions may include the nearshore area, the estuary area, and the waterway, etc.; Step 130: Based on the refined curved orthogonal mesh with varying resolution from the nearshore area to the open sea area, a variable resolution mesh file is created according to the data format requirements of the model simulation; the variable resolution mesh file is a netcdf mesh file.

[0059] In variable resolution mesh files, the horizontal resolution of the grid adaptively varies from a first length near the coast to a second length in the open sea; the ratio of the second length to the first length is greater than 10. The first length is greater than or equal to 50 meters, and the second length is greater than or equal to 1 kilometer. For example, in a .NET CDF mesh file, the horizontal resolution of the grid adaptively varies from 0.103 kilometers near the coast of a bay to 6.860 kilometers in the open sea.

[0060] For example, taking a bay as an example, based on the refined coastline data of the bay, a basic curved orthogonal mesh is designed using professional mesh creation software (such as Delft3D software). The nearshore, waterway, and estuary areas of the bay are then densified to generate a high-quality refined curved orthogonal mesh with varying resolution from nearshore to offshore. Then, based on the high-quality refined curved orthogonal mesh with varying resolution from nearshore to offshore, a netcdf mesh file for the bay is produced and output according to the requirements of the model simulation data format. The horizontal resolution of the mesh in the netcdf mesh file adaptively varies from 0.103 km nearshore to 6.860 km offshore.

[0061] Adaptive scaling refers to the automatic adjustment of the grid resolution based on the different characteristics of the target bay area. This design allows the grid to provide detailed information in near-shore areas requiring high precision, while also rationally allocating computational resources when simulating offshore areas, avoiding wasting computational power in areas where high resolution is not needed. Through this adaptive grid resolution setting, computational efficiency can be improved while ensuring simulation accuracy, better meeting the research needs of different regions.

[0062] Step 140: Determine the model input file based on the water depth topographic data and the variable resolution mesh file;

[0063] Step 150: Input the model input file into the preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation to obtain simulation and forecast data. The simulation and forecast data includes numerical simulation results of hydrodynamic environmental elements such as water level, tidal current velocity and direction, temperature, salinity, circulation velocity and direction, as well as ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients.

[0064] Optionally, the preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model can be a regional ocean modeling system (ROMS).

[0065] Technical Effect Analysis: When using regional ocean models such as the ROMS model to simulate the bay environment in existing technologies, there is often a problem of insufficient mesh adaptability to the coastline and water depth topography of the target bay. For example, when meshing the target bay, existing technologies generally maintain the same mesh density for near-shore and offshore areas, or they do not design suitable curved orthogonal meshes according to the regional characteristics. Of course, this may be due to the limitations of the model's own algorithm. This is because the ROMS model itself requires reasonable allocation of computational resources to improve computational speed and efficiency. However, if only computational speed and efficiency are considered, simulation accuracy must be sacrificed. In this case, the simulation accuracy of areas with high resolution requirements, such as near-shore, river channels, and estuaries, will be limited and cannot meet the requirements. On the other hand, if high simulation accuracy is to be achieved, the offshore area is large, and the amount of computation required will also increase significantly, which will lead to a decrease in the model's computational speed and efficiency.

[0066] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention departs from the traditional romstools or seagrid programs used in the ROMS model for mesh design. Instead, it employs a method similar to Delft3d's interactive interface for handling complex terrain and marine environments to design and generate a variable-resolution mesh. Specifically, based on coastline data, a curved orthogonal mesh is used to refine the target sub-region within the target bay area, including the nearshore region. A human-computer interface is then used to finely adjust and control the land-sea points of estuaries, coastlines, and islands, generating a variable-resolution mesh file. The horizontal resolution of this variable-resolution mesh file adaptively varies from, for example, 0.103 km near the coast to 6.860 km offshore. Then, based on water depth and topographic data and the variable-resolution mesh file, a model input file is determined and input into a pre-defined three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model to obtain simulation and forecast data. This approach ensures both the simulation accuracy for the nearshore area and the simulation speed and efficiency for the entire target bay area. This satisfies the varying accuracy requirements of different regions and effectively balances simulation accuracy with timeliness.

[0067] It is understood that programs like romstools or seagrid are used to implement orthogonal curve meshes in ROMS models, and they are not typically used directly for designing variable-resolution meshes with large spatial spans. This embodiment of the invention uses software such as Delft3D for variable-resolution mesh design, which offers two advantages: firstly, better design results and more flexible adaptability, better meeting the requirements of larger spatial span resolutions in different bay areas; and secondly, the simulation results more closely match the actual bay area, resulting in better simulation performance.

[0068] See Figure 2 Step 140: Based on the water depth topographic data and variable resolution mesh file, determine the model input file, which may specifically include:

[0069] Step 141: Based on the water depth topography data and the variable resolution grid file, generate a water depth topography variable resolution grid file for the target bay area; optionally, the variable resolution grid file is a netcdf grid file.

[0070] Step 141 includes:

[0071] 1) Using the pre-set ROMS model preprocessing program, read the netcdf mesh file and extract the distribution information of seawater points and land points;

[0072] 2) Based on distribution information and water depth topographic data, the preset refined simulation points in the target bay area are refined (e.g., data processing such as interpolation and filtering). The vertical direction of the preset refined simulation points is divided into the target number of layers, and the coordinates of each layer are calculated to obtain the processed data. The target number ranges from [10, 30], that is, the minimum number of layers when dividing the vertical direction is 10 layers and the maximum number of layers is 30 layers.

[0073] Specifically, the number of targets can be determined based on the maximum water depth of the target bay area. For example, the number of targets is the value corresponding to one-tenth of the maximum water depth of the target bay area in meters. For example, if the maximum water depth of the target bay is about 100 meters, then the vertical S-coordinate (vertical coordinate perpendicular to the horizontal plane) of the marine environment can be divided into, for example, 10 layers, forming a 10-layer three-dimensional marine structure.

[0074] For example, fine-tuning can include, but is not limited to, data processing methods such as interpolation and filtering.

[0075] 3) Save the processed data to a depth-topographic deformation resolution grid file.

[0076] For example, based on a netcdf mesh file of a bay area, the ROMS model preprocessing program is used to read the distribution of seawater and land points in the mesh file. Combined with water depth and topographic data, refined simulation points such as near-shore, waterway, and islands are processed. The vertical direction is set to adopt S-coordinates that vary with the topography, and the mesh is divided into 10 layers to generate a water depth and topographic variation resolution mesh file of a bay area.

[0077] Technical Effect Analysis: In the above content, dividing the vertical direction into a target number of layers (the target number is the value corresponding to one-tenth of the maximum water depth in the target bay area in meters) is a special design. This is because in existing technologies, the simulation accuracy is insufficient when only two-dimensional simulation is used, and the vertical layering in three-dimensional simulation is unreasonable (for example, too many layers are often set in advance to improve simulation accuracy), resulting in low computational efficiency. To solve the above problems, the embodiments of this invention specifically design a target number of layers, for example, based on the Shallowwater Hydrodynamic Finite Element Model. The current two-dimensional simulation model (SHYFEM) with a fixed average depth for vertical water depth is further developed and utilized to simulate the vertical coordinate variation of a bay's marine environment with 10 layers of coordinates. Considering that the maximum water depth of the bay can reach about 100 meters, the 10-layer vertical coordinate variation with topography can not only depict the vertical structure but also improve computational efficiency. This solves the problems of insufficient accuracy in two-dimensional marine numerical simulation and low computational efficiency in three-dimensional simulation. In other words, compared with the existing two-dimensional simulation with insufficient accuracy or unreasonable vertical layering, this embodiment can effectively depict the vertical structure and improve computational efficiency, which is a key link in improving the simulation effect.

[0078] Understandably, the water depth topographic deformation resolution grid file includes hydrodynamic environment observation data, ecological environment observation data, historical meteorological observation data, and meteorological forecast data under future climate scenarios.

[0079] Step 142: Create the model input file based on the water depth topographic variation resolution mesh file.

[0080] Step 142 specifically includes the following steps: Based on the water depth topographic deformation resolution mesh file, and using the preset ROMS model preprocessing program, create the initial fields for hydrodynamic environmental elements, the initial fields for ecological environmental elements, the historical surface forcing field of wind field, the historical surface forcing field of heat flux, the future predicted upper surface forcing field of wind field, and the future predicted upper surface forcing field of heat flux; wherein, the hydrodynamic environmental elements include at least temperature and salinity; and the ecological environmental elements include at least chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients. This step can be understood as follows:

[0081] (1) Based on the hydrodynamic environment observation data in the water depth topographic variation resolution grid file, the initial field of hydrodynamic environment elements such as temperature and salinity is generated using the preset ROMS model preprocessing program.

[0082] (2) Based on the ecological environment observation data in the water depth topographic variation resolution grid file, the initial field of ecological environment elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen and nutrients is generated using the preset ROMS model preprocessing program.

[0083] (3) Based on historical meteorological observation data in the water depth topographic variation resolution grid file, the historical surface forcing field of wind field and the historical surface forcing field of heat flux are obtained by using the preset ROMS model preprocessing program.

[0084] (4) Based on the meteorological forecast data of future climate scenarios in the water depth topographic variation resolution grid file, the pre-set ROMS model preprocessing program is used to create the future forecast upper surface forced field of wind field and the future forecast upper surface forced field of heat flux.

[0085] Understandably, the interaction between wind and the ocean surface generates wind stress, which is an important component of the forcing field on the upper surface. Wind transfers momentum to the ocean surface through friction, driving the movement of surface water currents. The magnitude and direction of wind stress forcing the ocean surface can cause phenomena such as wind-generated circulation, upwelling, and downwelling in the upper ocean, thereby affecting the distribution of environmental factors such as ocean temperature and salinity.

[0086] Heat flux includes solar radiation, longwave radiation between the sea surface and the atmosphere, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux. Changes in heat flux cause changes in ocean temperature, which in turn affect seawater density, circulation, and marine ecosystems.

[0087] The upper surface forcing field, through the combined effects of various factors, forms a forcing force on the ocean surface, driving physical processes within the ocean, such as circulation, mixing, heat transport, and mass transport. In the bay environment simulation and forecasting method of this embodiment, accurately considering and simulating the upper surface forcing field is crucial, as it directly affects the simulation and forecasting results of marine environmental elements (such as temperature, salinity, and current velocity). By observing and analyzing various upper surface forcing factors, combined with physical models and numerical calculation methods, a model of the upper surface forcing field can be constructed. This model can then be used as input conditions to drive the ocean numerical model, thereby achieving the simulation and forecasting of marine environmental elements.

[0088] Understandably, step 142 may also include:

[0089] (5) Based on the environmental characteristics of the target bay area, set tidal current simulation parameters that affect tidal current simulation, set hydrodynamic simulation parameters that affect hydrodynamic simulation, and set ecological environment parameters that affect ecological environment simulation.

[0090] For example, tidal current simulation parameters include: astronomical tide parameters, boundary condition parameters, seabed friction parameters, and seabed friction parameters.

[0091] Among the astronomical tidal parameters, the astronomical tidal characteristics of the target bay area are fundamental, and it is necessary to determine the amplitude and lag angle of the major astronomical tidal constituents such as M2, S2, K1, and O1. These parameters can usually be obtained from data from nearby long-term tide gauge stations or by referring to global ocean tidal model data.

[0092] Among the boundary condition parameters, the tidal level and current velocity at the boundary between the bay and the open sea are crucial. They are generally set based on tidal forecast data or historical observation data from the open sea, including the tidal amplitude, phase, and the direction and velocity of the tidal current at the boundary.

[0093] Seabed friction parameters are related to the seabed topography and sediment of the bay. Areas with high seabed roughness have a high coefficient of friction, which reduces tidal current velocity. A suitable coefficient of friction can be determined based on seabed sediment type, topographic relief, and by referring to empirical formulas or previous research.

[0094] The parameters of seabed friction depend on the geographical latitude of the target bay. The Coriolis force affects the direction and path of the current. The Coriolis force parameters are calculated using the Earth's rotational angular velocity and the local latitude.

[0095] For example, hydrodynamic simulation parameters may include water depth parameters, horizontal eddy viscosity coefficient and diffusion coefficient, vertical eddy viscosity coefficient and diffusion coefficient, and wind stress parameters.

[0096] For example, ecological and environmental parameters can include phytoplankton growth parameters, nutrient cycling parameters, dissolved oxygen parameters, and benthic organism parameters.

[0097] (6) Based on the water depth topographic variation resolution grid file, the pre-set ROMS model preprocessing program is used to generate the tidal current delay angle and amplitude, generate hydrodynamic environmental element distribution data, and generate ecological environment element distribution data.

[0098] Understandably, the lag angle and amplitude used to construct tidal currents refer to the lag angle distribution data and amplitude distribution data used to construct tidal currents.

[0099] Specifically, tides are a periodic movement phenomenon of water bodies in the ocean. The lag angle refers to the angle by which the tidal phase at a certain location lags behind a standard reference point during tidal movement; it reflects the difference between the time of tidal occurrence and the standard time at that location. The amplitude is the maximum deviation of the water body from its equilibrium position during tidal movement; it reflects the intensity of the tidal movement. Using the ROMS model preprocessing program, based on data such as water depth and topography of a bay, combined with relevant physical principles and algorithms, the tidal lag angle and amplitude values ​​at different locations in that area can be calculated, thereby understanding the temporal and spatial variation patterns of tidal movements in a bay.

[0100] In one alternative implementation, step 142 may include:

[0101] The initial fields of hydrodynamic environmental elements, the initial fields of ecological environmental elements, the historical surface forcing field of wind field, the historical surface forcing field of heat flux, the future predicted upper surface forcing field of wind field, the future predicted upper surface forcing field of heat flux, and the preset model parameters are input into the preset ROMS model.

[0102] Based on tidal current simulation parameters, hydrodynamic simulation parameters, and ecological environment parameters, the preset ROMS model is run to obtain the model output results;

[0103] Extract environmental element data from the model output; the environmental element data should include at least temperature data, salinity data, chlorophyll data, dissolved oxygen data, and nutrient data;

[0104] The pre-defined ROMS model preprocessing program is used to process the environmental element data and generate the model input file.

[0105] Technical Effect Analysis: Existing technologies for simulating bay environments are limited to simulating tidal and current-related marine environmental elements such as water level, tidal velocity, and flow direction. They lack numerical simulations of marine hydrodynamic and ecological environmental elements such as seawater temperature, salinity, chlorophyll, nutrients, and dissolved oxygen, failing to comprehensively reflect the true state of the target bay's marine environment. This results in a significant deficiency in our understanding of the marine environment in this region. This invention provides a comprehensive three-dimensional numerical simulation of hydrodynamic environmental elements such as seawater temperature, salinity, and flow velocity and direction, as well as ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients, overcoming the deficiency of existing technologies in simulating only a single element.

[0106] It should be noted that the preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model includes a tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and a marine ecological sub-model; Step 150: Input the model input file into the preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation, including:

[0107] Using the model input file, perform three-dimensional coupled calculations between the tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and the marine ecological sub-model;

[0108] Based on the above three-dimensional coupled calculation model, the numerical simulation results of hydrodynamic environmental elements such as water level, tidal current velocity and direction, temperature, salinity, circulation velocity and direction, as well as ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients are output.

[0109] Optionally, the Gulf environmental simulation and forecasting method further includes: based on the simulation and forecasting data, using a preset interpolation program to perform horizontal grid latitude and longitude transformation interpolation and vertical water layer interpolation to obtain interpolated data; based on the interpolated data, combining computer graphics methods to draw horizontal distribution images and vertical distribution images; and based on the simulation and forecasting data, extracting the initial field for the next forecast.

[0110] In summary, using computer graphics methods to create intuitive graphics, images, or animations to depict horizontal and vertical distribution images can improve the intuitiveness of forecasts.

[0111] In one specific implementation, an exemplary method for simulating and forecasting the environment of a bay is provided, targeting a specific bay area:

[0112] Based on the refined coastline data of a bay (refined coastline data is data obtained after refining coastline data), the basic curve orthogonal grid was designed using the professional grid creation software Delft3D. The near-shore area, waterway and estuary area were densified to generate a high-quality refined curve orthogonal grid with varying resolution from near the coast to the open sea.

[0113] Based on a high-quality, refined curved orthogonal grid with varying resolution from near the coast to the open sea, and in accordance with the requirements of the model simulation data format, a netcdf grid file for a certain bay area is produced and output. In this file, the horizontal resolution of the grid adaptively varies from 0.103 km near the coast to 6.860 km in the open sea.

[0114] Based on the netcdf mesh file of a bay area, the distribution of seawater points and land points in the mesh file is read using the ROMS model preprocessing program. Combined with water depth and topography data, the fine simulation points near the coast, waterways, islands, etc. are processed. The vertical direction is set to adopt S coordinates that vary with the topography and is divided into 10 layers to generate a variable resolution fine mesh water depth and topography file of a bay.

[0115] Based on a variable resolution fine-grid water depth topographic file of a bay, the ROMS model preprocessing program was used to create initial fields for hydrodynamic environmental elements such as temperature and salinity, as well as initial fields for ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients.

[0116] Based on a variable resolution fine-grid water depth topographic file of a bay, the ROMS model preprocessing program is used to create historical surface forcing fields such as wind field and heat flux, and to create future predicted upper surface forcing fields such as wind field and heat flux.

[0117] Based on the environmental characteristics of a bay, model parameters affecting tidal current simulation, model parameters affecting hydrodynamic simulation such as temperature, salinity, and flow field, and model parameters affecting ecological environment simulation such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients are set.

[0118] Based on a variable resolution fine-grid water depth topographic file of a bay, the ROMS model preprocessing program was used to generate the tidal current lag angle and amplitude values, hydrodynamic environmental elements such as temperature and salinity, and ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients.

[0119] Based on the water depth topography, initial field, upper surface forcing field, open boundary and model parameter settings of a bay area, a three-dimensional coupled calculation of the hydrodynamic model and the marine ecological model containing tidal currents is carried out using the ROMS ocean model.

[0120] Based on a three-dimensional coupled computational model, the numerical simulation results of hydrodynamic environmental elements such as water level, tidal flow velocity and direction, temperature, salinity, circulation velocity and direction, as well as ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients are output.

[0121] Based on the simulated forecast output data, horizontal grid latitude and longitude transformation interpolation is performed using an interpolation program;

[0122] Based on the simulated forecast output data, vertical water layer interpolation is performed using an interpolation program;

[0123] Based on interpolated data, computer graphics methods are used to create intuitive graphics, images, or animations to depict horizontal and vertical distribution images.

[0124] As can be seen from the above specific implementation methods, for the topographic features of a bay from near the coast to the open sea, a refined grid with adaptive curve orthogonal resolution ranging from the highest horizontal resolution of 100 meters near the coast to 6.86 kilometers in the open sea is designed using professional software (such as Delft3D software). The netcdf grid file and water depth topographic file that meet the model requirements are generated, which solves the problem of insufficient adaptability of the existing grid and is crucial for improving simulation accuracy and balancing timeliness.

[0125] Based on the ROMS regional ocean model, a 10-layer three-dimensional structure of the vertical coordinates of the marine environment of a bay area was developed. Compared with the existing two-dimensional simulation or unreasonable vertical layering, this model can effectively depict the vertical structure and improve computational efficiency, which is a key link in improving the simulation effect.

[0126] This implementation method achieves multi-element coupled simulation: it realizes three-dimensional coupled calculation of hydrodynamic model including tidal current and marine ecological model, and can perform comprehensive three-dimensional numerical simulation of hydrodynamic environmental elements such as seawater temperature, salinity, flow velocity and direction in a bay, as well as ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen and nutrients, thus making up for the deficiency of single simulation elements in existing technologies.

[0127] This implementation combines a predictable upper surface forced field to construct a numerical simulation and forecasting system for the marine environment of a bay. It can predict the spatial distribution and temporal variation trends of marine environmental elements, such as the next 5 days, and use computer graphics methods to display the simulation results in intuitive graphics, images, or animations, thus solving the problem of simulation to prediction and result presentation.

[0128] The following describes the bay environment simulation and forecasting device provided by the present invention. The bay environment simulation and forecasting device described below can be referred to in correspondence with the bay environment simulation and forecasting method described above.

[0129] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a bay environment simulation and forecasting device for implementing the bay environment simulation and forecasting method in any of the above embodiments. The bay environment simulation and forecasting device may include:

[0130] The acquisition module 310 is used to acquire water depth, topographic data, and coastline data of the target bay area.

[0131] The generation module 320 is used to densify the target sub-region in the target bay area based on the coastline data and using a curved orthogonal grid to generate a refined curved orthogonal grid with varying resolution from the near-shore area to the offshore area in the target bay area.

[0132] Module 330 is used to create a refined curved orthogonal mesh with varying resolution from the nearshore area to the offshore area, and to generate a variable resolution mesh file according to the data format requirements of the model simulation.

[0133] Module 340 is used to determine the model input file based on water depth topographic data and variable resolution mesh files;

[0134] The simulation and forecast module 350 is used to input the model input file into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation to obtain simulation and forecast data.

[0135] Optionally, the variable resolution mesh file is a netcdf mesh file; the horizontal resolution of the mesh in the netcdf mesh file adaptively varies from a first length in the near-shore area to a second length in the offshore area; the ratio of the second length to the first length is greater than 10.

[0136] The determination module 340 is specifically used for: generating a variable resolution mesh file of the water depth topography of the target bay area based on water depth topography data and variable resolution mesh file; and creating a model input file based on the variable resolution mesh file of the water depth topography.

[0137] The determination module 340 is specifically used for: reading the netcdf mesh file and extracting the distribution information of seawater points and land points; based on the distribution information and water depth topography data, refining the preset fine simulation points in the target bay area and dividing the vertical direction of the preset fine simulation points into the target number of layers and calculating the coordinates of each layer to obtain the processed data; and saving the processed data to the water depth topography variation resolution mesh file.

[0138] Optionally, the depth-topographic resolution grid file includes hydrodynamic environmental observation data, ecological environment observation data, historical meteorological observation data, and meteorological forecast data under future climate scenarios. The determination module 340 is specifically used to: based on the depth-topographic resolution grid file and using a pre-set ROMS model preprocessing program, create the initial fields for hydrodynamic environmental elements, the initial fields for ecological environment elements, the historical surface forcing field of wind field, the historical surface forcing field of heat flux, the future predicted upper surface forcing field of wind field, and the future predicted upper surface forcing field of heat flux; wherein, the hydrodynamic environmental elements include at least temperature and salinity; and the ecological environment elements include at least chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients. Based on the environmental characteristics of the target bay area, tidal current simulation parameters affecting tidal current simulation, hydrodynamic simulation parameters affecting hydrodynamic simulation, and ecological environment parameters affecting ecological environment simulation are set; based on the depth-topographic resolution grid file and using a pre-set ROMS model preprocessing program, the tidal current lag angle and amplitude are created, as well as the distribution data of hydrodynamic environmental elements and the distribution data of ecological environment elements are created.

[0139] Optionally, the preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model includes a tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and a marine ecological sub-model. The simulation and prediction module 350 is specifically used to: perform three-dimensional coupled calculations between the tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and the marine ecological sub-model using the model input file.

[0140] Optionally, the horizontal resolution of the grid in the variable resolution grid file adaptively varies from 0.103 km in the near-shore area to 6.860 km in the offshore area.

[0141] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores instructions that, when executed, implement the bay environment simulation and forecasting method in any of the above embodiments.

[0142] Although the invention has been described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments by reviewing the accompanying drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims in carrying out the claimed invention. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit can implement several functions listed in the claims. While different dependent claims may recite certain measures, this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0143] Although the invention has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely exemplary descriptions of the invention as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of the invention. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Thus, if such modifications and modifications of the invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the invention is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for simulating and forecasting the environment of a bay, characterized in that, include: Acquire water depth, topographic data, and coastline data for the target bay area; Based on the coastline data, the target sub-regions in the target bay area are densified using a curved orthogonal grid to generate a refined curved orthogonal grid with varying resolution from the near-shore area to the open sea area in the target bay area. Based on the refined curved orthogonal mesh with varying resolution from the nearshore area to the offshore area, a variable resolution mesh file is generated according to the data format requirements of the model simulation. Based on the water depth and topographic data and the variable resolution mesh file, the model input file is determined; The model input file is input into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation to obtain simulated forecast data; The process of determining the model input file based on the water depth topographic data and the variable resolution mesh file includes: Based on the water depth topography data and the variable resolution mesh file, a water depth topography variable resolution mesh file for the target bay area is generated; The model input file is created based on the aforementioned water depth topographic deformation resolution mesh file; The water depth topographic variation resolution grid file includes hydrodynamic environment observation data, ecological environment observation data, historical meteorological observation data, and meteorological forecast data under future climate scenarios; The process of creating the model input file based on the water depth topographic deformation resolution mesh file includes: Based on the water depth topographic deformation resolution mesh file and using the preset ROMS model preprocessing program, the initial fields of hydrodynamic environmental elements, the initial fields of ecological environmental elements, the historical surface forcing field of wind field, the historical surface forcing field of heat flux, the future predicted upper surface forcing field of wind field, and the future predicted upper surface forcing field of heat flux are generated; wherein, the hydrodynamic environmental elements include at least temperature and salinity; and the ecological environmental elements include at least chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients.

2. The Gulf environmental simulation and forecasting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal resolution of the grid in the variable resolution grid file adaptively changes from a first length in the near-shore area to a second length in the offshore area; the ratio of the second length to the first length is greater than 10.

3. The Gulf environmental simulation and forecasting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The variable resolution mesh file is a netcdf mesh file; The step of generating a variable-resolution mesh file for the water depth topography of the target bay area based on the water depth topography data and the variable-resolution mesh file includes: Read the netcdf mesh file and extract the distribution information of seawater points and land points; Based on the distribution information and the water depth topography data, the preset refined simulation points in the target bay area are refined, and the vertical direction of the preset refined simulation points is divided into a target number of layers and the coordinates of each layer are calculated to obtain the processed data. The processed data is saved to the depth-topographic deformation resolution grid file.

4. The Gulf environmental simulation and forecasting method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of creating the model input file based on the water depth topographic deformation resolution mesh file further includes: Based on the environmental characteristics of the target bay area, tidal current simulation parameters affecting tidal current simulation, hydrodynamic simulation parameters affecting hydrodynamic simulation, and ecological environment parameters affecting ecological environment simulation are set. Based on the water depth topographic deformation resolution mesh file, the pre-set ROMS model preprocessing program is used to generate the tidal current lag angle and amplitude, generate hydrodynamic environmental element distribution data, and generate ecological environment element distribution data.

5. The method for simulating and forecasting the environment of a bay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model includes a tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and a marine ecological sub-model; The step of inputting the model input file into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation includes: Using the model input file, perform three-dimensional coupling calculations between the tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and the marine ecological sub-model.

6. The method for simulating and forecasting the environment of a bay according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first length is greater than or equal to 50 meters, and the second length is greater than or equal to 1 kilometer.

7. The Gulf environmental simulation and forecasting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the simulated forecast data, horizontal grid latitude and longitude transformation interpolation and vertical water layer interpolation are performed using a preset interpolation program to obtain interpolated data; Based on the interpolated data, horizontal and vertical distribution images are drawn using computer graphics methods. Based on the simulated forecast data, the initial field for the next forecast is extracted.

8. A bay environment simulation and forecasting device, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire water depth, topographic data, and coastline data for the target bay area. The generation module is used to densify the target sub-region in the target bay area based on the coastline data using a curved orthogonal grid, and generate a refined curved orthogonal grid with varying resolution from the near-shore area to the offshore area in the target bay area. The module is used to generate a variable resolution mesh file based on the refined curved orthogonal mesh with varying resolution from the near-shore area to the offshore area, according to the data format requirements of the model simulation. The determination module is used to determine the model input file based on the water depth topographic data and the variable resolution mesh file; The simulation and forecasting module is used to input the model input file into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation to obtain simulation and forecasting data; The determining module is specifically used to: generate a variable resolution mesh file of the water depth topography for the target bay area based on the water depth topography data and the variable resolution mesh file; The model input file is created based on the aforementioned water depth topographic deformation resolution mesh file; The water depth topographic variation resolution grid file includes hydrodynamic environment observation data, ecological environment observation data, historical meteorological observation data, and meteorological forecast data under future climate scenarios; The determining module is specifically used to: based on the water depth topographic variation resolution grid file and using a preset ROMS model preprocessing program, to create the initial field of hydrodynamic environmental elements, the initial field of ecological environmental elements, the historical surface forcing field of wind field, the historical surface forcing field of heat flux, the future predicted upper surface forcing field of wind field, and the future predicted upper surface forcing field of heat flux; wherein, the hydrodynamic environmental elements include at least temperature and salinity; and the ecological environmental elements include at least chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients.

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