Cowshed building carbon emission calculation and functional unit construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural building design and carbon emission, in particular to a cowshed building carbon emission calculation and functional unit construction method, which comprises the following steps: by taking cattle as a unit, quantifying each functional area of a cowshed building to each cattle, forming a cowshed functional unit, recording the cowshed functional unit as a cattle building equivalent, and calculating the carbon emission of the cowshed functional unit. And calculating the carbon emission of the target whole cowshed based on the stock quantity of the cattle, and standardizing the carbon emission calculation of the cowshed. According to the method, all functional areas of the cowshed are equivalently standardized through cattle building, and it is ensured that all cowshed functional units are consistent in carbon emission calculation basis; the working pressure of counting the building material list is relieved, the carbon emission calculation process is simplified, and efficient and accurate carbon emission calculation of the whole life cycle of the cowshed is achieved; compared with the whole cowshed, the volume and the complexity of carbon emission calculation are reduced; and guidance suggestions are provided for optimizing a production process and maintaining building operation, and data support is provided for subsequent low-carbon building design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of agricultural building design and carbon emissions, and particularly relates to a method for calculating the carbon emissions of a cowshed building and constructing functional units. Background Art

[0002] The research on carbon emission accounting in the construction industry and low-carbon buildings has received extensive attention. The carbon emission calculation method based on the whole life cycle covers the production stage, construction stage, operation stage and demolition stage of a building. The calculation process requires knowledge of the material list and carbon emission factors of the whole life cycle of the building, and the calculation is time-consuming and laborious. Compared with residential buildings and public buildings, agricultural buildings have a short service life and pay attention to economic and environmental benefits. The carbon emission accounting in the operation stage has guiding significance for production and technology. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a rapid carbon emission accounting method to better serve different demand groups in this industry and guide the low-carbon design and transformation of agricultural buildings.

[0003] The functional unit of a building is the basic unit used for standardized calculation and comparison of environmental impacts such as carbon emissions in the building life cycle analysis. In the building field, the commonly used functional units mainly include "building floor area", "building volume", "building service life", etc. The existing carbon emission calculation methods usually target the overall scale of a building, lacking a standardized method to clarify the relationship between each functional unit and carbon emissions, resulting in inaccurate or inconsistent carbon emission data calculation. Applying the existing building units to the rapid calculation of the carbon emissions of a cowshed building helps less and cannot well reflect the building characteristics of a cowshed with cows as the main body.

[0004] In terms of the division of the life cycle stage, the existing building functional units are mainly constructed based on residential buildings and public buildings. Although they have certain applicability, they cannot reflect the characteristics of cowshed buildings affected by technology and equipment, cannot cover all stages of the building life cycle, and may lead to underestimation or neglect of the environmental impacts in some stages, failing to meet the requirements of current green and low-carbon development.

[0005] In terms of the determination of carbon emission factors, the establishment of a carbon emission factor library for cowshed buildings is not yet perfect. The existing building functional units consider fewer carbon emission factors of building materials and energy during use and cannot well serve the calculation of the carbon emissions of cowshed buildings.

[0006] At present, most carbon emission accounting only focuses on individual aspects such as building materials or energy consumption. The carbon emission accounting lacks a unified standard, is difficult to effectively combine with building functional units, and cannot comprehensively evaluate the carbon emissions of the entire building life cycle. In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need for a method for constructing functional units based on scientific quantitative indicators. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating the carbon emissions of a cowshed building and constructing a functional unit. Taking cows as the unit, each functional area of the cowshed building is quantified to each cow to form a cowshed functional unit, denoted as the bovine building equivalent. By calculating the carbon emissions of the cowshed functional unit, and then calculating the carbon emissions of the target entire cowshed based on the inventory of cows, the carbon emissions calculation of the cowshed is standardized, and the simplicity, standardization and high efficiency of the cowshed carbon emissions calculation are realized.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0009] It will be determined after the finalization of the claims. Don't worry about it for now.

[0010] A method for calculating the carbon emissions of a cowshed building and constructing a functional unit, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1. Select a typical cowshed building, determine the inventory n of the typical cowshed building, and the corresponding number of cows is n;

[0012] S2. Divide the typical cowshed building selected in S1 into functional areas;

[0013] S3. Based on the bill of materials method, model the typical cowshed building selected in S1 through Revit, and determine the bill of quantities of each functional area divided in S2 as N i , and the total bill of quantities of each functional area is N; the bill of quantities N i includes the conversion of the building resources and equipment power consumption required for each cow;

[0014] S4. Quantify the total bill of quantities N obtained in S3 to each cow to form a cowshed functional unit, denoted as the bovine building equivalent N / n;

[0015] S5. Calculate the carbon emissions x of the cowshed functional unit obtained in S4, x = N * E / n / m, where E is the carbon emission factor of the corresponding material, and m is the service life of the cowshed, to obtain the annual carbon emissions of the cowshed functional unit;

[0016] S6. Based on the annual carbon emissions x of the cowshed functional unit obtained in S5, obtain the carbon emissions X i of the target cowshed of different scales, X i = x * n i ; n i is the inventory of the target cowshed.

[0017] Preferably, in the selection of the typical cowshed building in S1, the considered factors include the feeding scale, building form, regional climate, and process mode;

[0018] The process mode includes measures for regulating the temperature, humidity and gas environment in the cowshed, such as cowshed feeding, drinking water, cooling, ventilation, and manure cleaning.

[0019] Preferably, the functional areas in S2 are the lying area, feeding area, drinking area, sewage disposal area, and milking area.

[0020] Preferably, the construction resources in S3 include buildings that meet the needs of cows' lying, feeding, drinking, sewage disposal, and milking;

[0021] The equipment in S3 includes drinking equipment, manure cleaning equipment, ventilation equipment, spraying equipment, and feeding equipment.

[0022] Preferably, the functional units of the cowshed in S4 cover the construction and operation stages of the cowshed.

[0023] Preferably, the bill of quantities for each functional area in S3 is N i The calculation formula is:

[0024] N i = N im + N ie (5)

[0025] Wherein, N im is the bill of quantities for the production, transportation, construction, and demolition stages of the building materials for each functional unit of the cowshed; N ie is the bill of quantities for the operation of each functional unit of the cowshed building.

[0026] Preferably, the cow building equivalent N / n in S4 includes the cow building area equivalent A c 、the cow building material equivalent M c 、the cow building energy consumption equivalent E c , and the calculation formula is:

[0027] N / n = A c + M c + E c (1)

[0028] The cow building area equivalent A c The calculation formula is:

[0029] A c = A r + A f + A d + A s + A m (2)

[0030] Wherein, A c is the cow building area equivalent; A r is the area of the lying area required for a single cow; A f is the area of the feeding area required for a single cow; A d is the area of the drinking area required for a single cow; A sArea of the sewage disposal area required for a single cow; A m Area of the milking area required for a single cow;

[0031] Equivalent amount of cattle building materials M c The calculation formula is:

[0032] M c = M r + M f + M d + M s (3)

[0033] Among them, M c is the equivalent amount of cattle building materials; M r is the amount of materials required for the lying area for a single cow; M f is the amount of materials required for the feeding area for a single cow; M s is the amount of materials required for the drinking area for a single cow; A s is the amount of materials required for the sewage disposal area for a single cow; M m is the amount of materials required for the milking area for a single cow;

[0034] Equivalent amount of cattle building energy consumption E c The calculation formula is:

[0035] E c = E v + E h + E w + E c + E f (4)

[0036] Among them, E c is the equivalent amount of cattle building energy consumption; E v is the energy consumption of the ventilation equipment required for a single cow; E h is the energy consumption of the spraying equipment required for a single cow; E w is the energy consumption of the drinking equipment required for a single cow; E c is the energy consumption of the manure cleaning equipment required for a single cow; E f is the energy consumption of the feeding equipment required for a single cow.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] The present invention standardizes each functional area of the cattle building equivalent standard cattle shed, ensuring that each functional unit of the cattle shed has a consistent calculation basis in carbon emission calculation; reducing the work pressure of counting the building material list, simplifying the carbon emission calculation process, reducing unnecessary complexity in the calculation process, and achieving efficient and accurate carbon emission calculation for the whole life cycle of the cattle shed; compared with the whole cattle shed, the volume and complexity of carbon emission calculation are reduced; providing guiding suggestions for optimizing production processes and maintaining building operations, providing data support for subsequent low-carbon building design, and promoting the development of green building technologies; calculating the "cattle building carbon equivalent" of the cattle shed based on the cattle building equivalent and typical cattle sheds, which can be used to evaluate the carbon emissions of cattle sheds of different scales. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 It is a text flow block diagram of a method for calculating carbon emissions from cattle shed buildings and constructing functional units

[0041] Figure 2 It is an overall schematic diagram of a method for constructing functional units of a cattle shed

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of functional areas of a cattle shed DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0043] The following is an illustration of the preferred examples of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings. It should be understood that the following examples are given only for the purpose of illustration and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and substitutions to the present invention without departing from the purpose and spirit of the present invention.

[0044] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a method for calculating carbon emissions from cattle shed buildings and constructing functional units, including the following steps:

[0045] S1. Select a typical cattle shed building, determine the inventory n of the typical cattle shed building, and the corresponding number of cattle is n;

[0046] S2. Divide the functional areas of the typical cattle shed building selected in S1;

[0047] S3. Based on the material list method, model the typical cattle shed building selected in S1 through Revit, and determine the bill of quantities N i for each functional area divided in S2, and the total bill of quantities for each functional area is N; the bill of quantities N i includes the conversion of building resources and equipment power consumption required for each cattle.

[0048] S4. Quantify the total engineering quantity list N obtained in S3 to each cow, and construct the functional unit of the cowshed, denoted as the cow building equivalent N / n;

[0049] S5. Calculate the carbon emission x of the cow building equivalent obtained in S4, x = N * E / n / m, where E is the carbon emission factor of the corresponding material and m is the service life of the cowshed, to obtain the annual carbon emission (kgCO2e / (cow·year)) of the cowshed functional unit, and standardize each cowshed functional unit to ensure that the carbon emission calculation basis of each cowshed functional unit is consistent;

[0050] S6. Based on the annual carbon emission x of the cowshed functional unit obtained in S5, obtain the carbon emissions X of target cowsheds of different scales i , X i = x * n i ; n i is the inventory of the target cowshed.

[0051] As Figure 2 shown is the overall schematic diagram of the method for constructing the cowshed functional unit of the present invention.

[0052] The selection of the typical cowshed building in S1 and the subsequent construction of the "cow building equivalent" are universal and can be applied in most cowsheds. The selection of the typical cowshed building takes into account the feeding scale, building form, regional climate, and process mode. [[ID=2,6]]

[0053] The process mode includes measures such as cowshed feeding, drinking water, cooling, ventilation, and manure cleaning to adjust the temperature, humidity, and gas environment in the cowshed.

[0054] The functional areas in S2 are the lying area, feeding area, drinking area, sewage area, and milking area, and the area, layout, and facility requirements of each functional area are clarified.

[0055] Lying area: Meet the body size requirements and inventory of cows, and use a certain type of bedding;

[0056] Feeding area: Include the feeding passage and the feeding delivery passage;

[0057] Drinking area: Include the drinking trough, and use corrosion-resistant materials and constant temperature equipment to ensure convenient and hygienic drinking water for cows;

[0058] Sewage area: Include the sewage passage and the manure treatment facilities, and use an automatic cleaning system to ensure the hygiene and environmental protection requirements of the cowshed;

[0059] Milking area: Meet the milking and passage requirements of cows.

[0060] The building resources in S3 include buildings that meet the needs of cows for lying, feeding, drinking water, sewage disposal, and milking;

[0061] The equipment in S3 includes drinking equipment, manure cleaning equipment, ventilation equipment, spraying equipment, feeding equipment, etc.

[0062] In S4, the functional units of the cowshed cover the construction and operation of the cowshed.

[0063] Such as Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the functional areas of the cowshed, where ① is the lying area, which meets the daily lying needs of cows; ② is the feeding area, the passage for feeding in the cowshed; ③ is the drinking area, where cows stand when drinking water; ④ is the sewage discharge area, the area where manure falls when cows stand; ⑤ is the milking area, the passage for cows to pass through when milking.

[0064] Construction of the functional units of the cowshed

[0065] In each functional unit of the cowshed, the cattle building equivalent N / n includes the cattle building area equivalent (A c ), the cattle building material equivalent (M c ), and the cattle building energy consumption equivalent (E c ), and the calculation formula is:

[0066] N / n = A c + M c + E c (1)

[0067] The calculation formula for the cattle building area equivalent (A c ) is:

[0068] A c = A r + A f + A d + A s + A m (2)

[0069] Among them, A c is the cattle building area equivalent; A r is the area of the lying area required for a single cow; A f is the area of the feeding area required for a single cow; A d is the area of the drinking area required for a single cow; A s is the area of the sewage discharge area required for a single cow; A m is the area of the milking area required for a single cow.

[0070] The calculation formula for the cattle building material equivalent (M c ) is:

[0071] M c = M r + M f + M d + M s (3)

[0072] Among them, M c is the equivalent of cattle building materials; M r is the amount of materials required for the lying area per single cow; M f is the amount of materials required for the feeding area per single cow; M s is the amount of materials required for the drinking area per single cow; A s is the amount of materials required for the sewage disposal area per single cow; M m is the amount of materials required for the milking area per single cow.

[0073] The calculation formula for the equivalent of cattle building energy consumption (E c ) is:

[0074] E c = E v + E h + E w + E c + E f (4)

[0075] Among them, E c is the equivalent of cattle building energy consumption; E v is the energy consumption of the ventilation equipment required per single cow; E h is the energy consumption of the spraying equipment required per single cow; E w is the energy consumption of the drinking equipment required per single cow; E c is the energy consumption of the manure cleaning equipment required per single cow; E f is the energy consumption of the feeding equipment required per single cow.

[0076] The calculation model for the carbon emissions of a typical cattle shed building quantifies the building carbon emissions of the entire cattle shed based on the cattle building equivalent of each functional unit of the cattle shed, including the following two aspects:

[0077] Carbon emissions during the building materialization stage: The bill of quantities N im during the production, transportation, construction, and demolition of building materials for each functional unit of the cattle shed, multiplied by the carbon emission factor E of the corresponding materials, and the carbon emission factors of the materials are publicly available.

[0078] Carbon emissions during the building operation stage: The bill of quantities N ie during the building operation of each functional unit, multiplied by the carbon emission factor E of the corresponding materials, and the carbon emission factors of the materials are publicly available.

[0079] N i = N im + N ie (5)

[0080] The method of the present invention not only considers the carbon emissions during the building materialization stage of the cattle shed, but also considers the carbon emissions of the electricity energy consumption of the manure cleaning equipment, drinking equipment, ventilation equipment, spraying equipment, and feeding equipment during the use of the cattle shed.

[0081] Materialization stage of the cowshed: The materialization stage of the cowshed includes the production and transportation of the building materials for the cowshed, the construction of the cowshed, and the demolition of the cowshed.

[0082] Operation stage of the cowshed: The operation stage of the cowshed includes the energy consumption during the operation of the manure cleaning equipment, drinking water equipment, ventilation equipment, spraying equipment, and feeding equipment.

[0083] The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the carbon emissions of a cattle shed building and constructing functional units, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Select a typical cattle shed building, determine the inventory n of the typical cattle shed building, and the corresponding number of cattle is n; S2. Divide the functional areas of the typical cattle shed building selected in S1; S3. Based on the bill of materials method, use Revit to model the typical cattle shed building selected in S1, and determine that the bill of quantities for each functional area divided in S2 is N i , and the total bill of quantities for each functional area is N; the bill of quantities N i includes the conversion of building resources and equipment power consumption required per cow; S4. Quantify the total project quantity list N obtained in S3 to each cattle to form a cattle shed functional unit, denoted as cattle building equivalent N / n; S5. Calculate the carbon emission x of the cattle shed functional unit obtained in S4, x = N * E / n / m, where E is the carbon emission factor of the corresponding material and m is the service life of the cattle shed, to obtain the annual carbon emission of the cattle shed functional unit; S6. Based on the annual carbon emissions x of the cattle shed functional unit obtained in S5, obtain the carbon emissions X of target cattle sheds of different scales i , X i = x * n i ; n i is the inventory of the target cattle shed.

2. The method for calculating the carbon emission of a cattle shed building and constructing a functional unit according to claim 1, wherein in the selection of the typical cattle shed building in S1, the considered factors include breeding scale, building form, regional climate, and process mode; the process mode includes measures for adjusting the temperature, humidity, and gas environment in the cattle shed such as cattle shed feeding, drinking water, cooling, ventilation, and manure cleaning.

3. The method for calculating the carbon emission of a cattle shed building and constructing a functional unit according to claim 1, wherein the functional areas in S2 are the lying area, feeding area, drinking water area, sewage discharge area, and milking area.

4. The method for calculating the carbon emission of a cattle shed building and constructing a functional unit according to claim 1, wherein the building resources in S3 include buildings that meet the needs of cattle lying, feeding, drinking water, sewage discharge, and milking; the equipment in S3 includes drinking water equipment, manure cleaning equipment, ventilation equipment, spraying equipment, and feeding equipment.

5. The method for calculating the carbon emission of a cattle shed building and constructing a functional unit according to claim 1, wherein the cattle shed functional unit in S4 covers the construction and operation stages of the cattle shed.

6. The method for calculating the carbon emission of a cattle shed building and constructing a functional unit according to claim 1, wherein The bill of quantities for each functional area in S3 is N i The calculation formula is: N i = N im + N ie (5) Among them, N im is the bill of quantities for the production, transportation, construction, and demolition stages of the building materials of each cattle shed functional unit; N ie is the bill of quantities for the operation of each cattle shed functional unit building.

7. The method for calculating the carbon emission of a cattle shed building and constructing a functional unit according to claim 1, wherein The cattle building equivalent N / n in S4 includes the cattle building area equivalent A c , the cattle building material equivalent M c , the cattle building energy consumption equivalent E c , and the calculation formula is: N / n = A c + M c + E c (1) Beef building area equivalent A c The calculation formula is as follows: A c = A r + A f + A d + A s + A m (2) Among them, A c is the equivalent area of the cattle building; A r is the area of the lying area required for a single cow; A f is the area of the feeding area required for a single cow; A d is the area of the drinking area required for a single cow; A s is the area of the sewage disposal area required for a single cow; A m is the area of the milking area required for a single cow; Equivalent M of cattle building materials c The calculation formula is as follows: M c = M r + M f + M d + M s (3) Among them, M c is the equivalent of cattle building materials; M r is the amount of materials required for the lying area per single cow; M f is the amount of materials required for the feeding area per single cow; M s is the amount of materials required for the drinking area per single cow; A s is the amount of materials required for the sewage area per single cow; M m is the amount of materials required for the milking area per single cow; Equivalent energy consumption E of cattle buildings c The calculation formula is as follows: E c = E v + E h + E w + E c + E f (4) Among them, E c is the equivalent energy consumption of building for cattle; E v is the energy consumption of ventilation equipment required for a single cow; E h is the energy consumption of spraying equipment required for a single cow; E w is the energy consumption of drinking equipment required for a single cow; E c is the energy consumption of manure cleaning equipment required for a single cow; E f is the energy consumption of feeding equipment required for a single cow.

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