A multi-resource optimization configuration method that takes into account both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy grid

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of power grid system flexibility optimization, and specifically discloses a multi-resource optimization configuration method that takes into account both supply and consumption under a high-proportion new energy power grid, including: quantifying the flexibility demand of the power grid system, obtaining the flexibility demand interval and the flexibility supply interval, and then calculating the flexibility supply and demand balance interval of the power grid system; calculating the supply and consumption flexibility evaluation index based on the flexibility supply and demand balance interval; based on the supply and consumption flexibility evaluation index, taking the economic cost and flexibility risk penalty items as optimization goals, constructing a multi-type flexibility resource optimization configuration model; using the MILP method to solve the multi-type flexibility resource optimization configuration model, when the difference between the supply flexibility index and the consumption flexibility index drops to a preset threshold, outputting the optimal configuration plan for the multi-type flexibility resources. The present invention solves the contradiction between the high penetration rate of new energy and the weak grid adaptability, and takes into account the improvement of the system load supply capacity and the new energy consumption rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power grid system flexibility optimization, and specifically relates to a multi-resource optimization configuration method that takes into account both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy power grid. Background Art

[0002] Under the unique climatic and geographical conditions of the western plateau, the energy system is characterized by "hydropower dominance during the flood season and wind and solar support during the dry season." Its flexible supply and demand follows three progressive models:

[0003] 1) Traditional Model (wind and solar penetration <33%): Hydropower installed capacity exceeds maximum load demand, and the regulatory margin of conventional power sources can fully cope with load peaks and valleys. During this period, the core operational challenge for the system lies in optimizing the scheduling of inter-basin hydropower clusters. Through the "hydro-solar complementarity" of cascade hydropower stations, clean energy can be exported during peak seasons and balanced internal supply and demand during dry seasons.

[0004] 2) Transition Mode (33% ≤ Wind / Solar Penetration < 60%): When the PV penetration rate reaches 50%, midday PV output exceeds demand by 180%-250%, necessitating the activation of locally deployed energy storage plants for power time shifting. Nighttime peak loads rely on regional interconnection lines, energy storage plants, and emergency thermal power units for peak load regulation, increasing unit power supply costs. Increased power supply fluctuations lead to localized source-load imbalances. In some periods, power generation exceeds the load, necessitating energy storage charging or appropriate power curtailment. During periods of insufficient power generation, energy storage discharge is used to compensate, otherwise a small amount of load loss may occur.

[0005] 3) High-Proportion Mode (Wind / Solar Penetration ≥ 60%): When wind / solar penetration exceeds 75%, the system faces an intensified "dual uncertainty" challenge. Specifically, this is manifested by the standard deviation of PV output fluctuation exceeding 30% of installed capacity, while the peak-to-valley variation in heating season load increases to approximately 40%. In this scenario, conventional power sources are significantly reduced, and the dual risks of load shedding and wind / solar curtailment, resulting from drastic fluctuations in wind / solar power generation and peak-to-valley variations in load, are highlighted, further complicating the issue of balancing flexible supply and demand. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to resolve the contradiction between the high penetration rate of new energy and the weak grid adaptability, taking into account the improvement of system load supply capacity and new energy consumption rate, and proposes a multi-resource optimization configuration method that takes into account both supply and consumption under a high-proportion new energy power grid.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: a multi-resource optimization configuration method that takes into account both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy power grid, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Based on the historical operation data of the power grid, the flexibility demand of the power grid system is quantified to obtain the flexibility demand range and flexibility supply range;

[0009] Calculate the flexibility supply and demand balance range of the power grid system based on the flexibility demand range and the flexibility supply range;

[0010] Calculate the supply and consumption flexibility evaluation index based on the flexibility supply and demand balance range;

[0011] Based on the supply guarantee and consumption flexibility evaluation indicators, and taking economic cost and flexibility risk penalty as optimization objectives, a multi-type flexibility resource optimization configuration model is constructed;

[0012] The MILP method is used to solve the optimization configuration model of multiple types of flexibility resources. When the difference between the supply flexibility index and the consumption flexibility index drops to the preset threshold, the optimal configuration plan is output to complete the multi-resource optimization configuration that takes into account both supply and consumption under a high proportion of new energy power grid.

[0013] Preferably, the calculation formula for the flexibility requirement is:

[0014]

[0015] in, express The flexibility required at all times, Representation node Department The load fluctuation value at each moment, Representation node Department The wind power fluctuation value at the time, Representation node Department The photovoltaic fluctuation value at the moment;

[0016] The flexibility demand interval is obtained by calculating the maximum and minimum flexibility demand at each moment, specifically:

[0017]

[0018] in, express The need for constant upward flexibility, express The need for downward flexibility at all times, Indicates the maximum value, Indicates the minimum value.

[0019] As a preference, the flexibility supply interval consists of the flexibility supply of thermal power units, the flexibility supply of hydropower units, the flexibility supply of interruptible loads, the flexibility supply of transferable loads and energy storage. The flexibility supply is calculated, and the specific calculation formula is:

[0020]

[0021] in, represents the upper bound of the flexibility supply interval, represents the lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Thermal power units The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Thermal power units The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Moment hydropower unit The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Moment hydropower unit The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Load can be interrupted at any time The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Load can be interrupted at any time The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Load transferable at any time The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Load transferable at any time The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Time Node Energy Storage The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Time Node Energy Storage The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, represents the total number of thermal power units, represents the total number of hydropower units, Indicates the total number of interruptible loads, represents the total amount of transferable load, Indicates the total amount of energy storage.

[0022] Preferably, the flexibility supply of the thermal power unit is:

[0023]

[0024] in, Indicates thermal power unit The climbing rate, represents the time scale, Indicates thermal power unit The maximum technical output, express Thermal power units The actual output, Indicates thermal power unit The downhill rate, Indicates thermal power unit Maximum technical output;

[0025] The flexibility supply of the hydropower unit is:

[0026]

[0027] in, Indicates hydropower unit The climbing rate, Indicates hydropower unit The maximum technical output, express Moment hydropower unit The actual output, Indicates hydropower unit The downhill rate, Indicates hydropower unit Minimum technical output;

[0028] The flexibility supply of the interruptible load is:

[0029]

[0030] in, Indicates interruptible load The maximum control power, express Load can be interrupted at any time The actual power, Indicates interruptible load The minimum control power, express Load can be interrupted at any time The control power;

[0031] The flexibility provision of the transferable load is:

[0032]

[0033] in, Indicates transferable load The maximum power, express Load transferable at any time The actual power, Indicates transferable load The minimum power, Indicates the power value after load transfer, express Load transferable at any time The transfer power;

[0034] The energy storage The flexibility supply is:

[0035]

[0036] in, Representation node Energy Storage The maximum discharge power, express Time Node Energy Storage The operating power, Indicates energy storage The charge and discharge efficiency, express Time Node Energy Storage The storage capacity, Representation node Energy Storage The minimum storage capacity, Indicates the energy storage charge and discharge time interval, which is 1h. Representation node Energy Storage The maximum charging power, Representation node Energy Storage Maximum storage capacity.

[0037] Preferably, the calculation formula for the flexibility supply and demand balance interval of the power grid system is:

[0038]

[0039] in, express The upper bound of the supply and demand balance interval of flexibility at the moment, express The lower bound of the supply and demand balance interval of flexibility at each moment, represents the upper bound of the flexibility supply interval, represents the lower bound of the flexibility supply range, Indicates the maximum value, Indicates the minimum value.

[0040] Preferably, the evaluation index of supply guarantee and consumption flexibility includes a flexibility supply and demand balance rate, a supply guarantee flexibility index, a consumption flexibility index, and a flexibility index that takes both supply guarantee and consumption into account;

[0041] The flexibility supply and demand balance rate The calculation formula is:

[0042]

[0043] in, express The upper bound of the supply and demand balance interval of flexibility at the moment, express The lower bound of the supply and demand balance interval of flexibility at each moment, express The need for constant upward flexibility, express The need for downward flexibility at all times, Indicates the total running time;

[0044] The supply flexibility indicator The calculation formula is:

[0045]

[0046] in, Indicates the actual power of the net load of the power grid system;

[0047] The consumption flexibility index The calculation formula is:

[0048] ;

[0049] The flexibility indicators that take into account both supply and consumption The calculation formula is:

[0050] .

[0051] Preferably, the objective function of the multi-type flexibility resource optimization configuration model is:

[0052]

[0053] in, represents minimizing the comprehensive cost of the power grid system, represents the planning cost of multiple types of energy storage, Indicates the operating cost of multiple types of adjustment resources, represents the flexibility risk penalty cost.

[0054] As a preference, the planning cost of the multi-type energy storage The calculation formula is:

[0055]

[0056] in, Indicates energy storage The annual investment recovery coefficient, Indicates energy storage The unit capacity investment cost coefficient is Indicates energy storage Rated capacity, represents the discount rate, Indicates energy storage service life;

[0057] The operating costs of the multiple types of regulation resources The calculation formula is:

[0058]

[0059] in, Indicates the power generation / purchase cost of various generator sets, represents the operating cost of multiple types of energy storage, represents the control cost of multiple types of response loads, represents the tie line exchange power cost, represents the unit power control cost of the generator set, Indicates the generator sets involved in regulation exist Operating power at all times, Indicates the total running time, represents the unit power regulation cost of the energy storage system, express Energy storage participating in regulation at the node Operating power at all times, represents the unit power regulation cost of the responsive load, Indicates the response load involved in regulation exist Adjust power at all times, represents the unit power regulation cost of the tie line, express The actual transmission power of the interconnection line at any moment, Represents the power generation system, , Represents thermal power generation, Indicates hydroelectric power generation, Represents photovoltaic power generation, represents wind power generation, Indicates load, Indicates interruptible load, Indicates transferable load;

[0060] The flexibility risk penalty cost The calculation formula is:

[0061]

[0062] in, represents the flexibility supply and demand balance rate of the power grid system, It represents the supply flexibility index of the power grid system. It represents the absorption flexibility index of the power grid system. It represents the flexibility index of the power grid system that takes into account both supply and consumption. 、 、 and Represent four types of flexibility risk penalty cost coefficients respectively.

[0063] Preferably, the constraints of the multi-type flexibility resource optimization configuration model include power generation side constraints, grid side constraints, energy storage side constraints, load side constraints, system power balance constraints and flexibility constraints that take into account both supply and consumption.

[0064] Preferably, the power generation side constraints include output constraints of thermal power stations and output constraints of hydropower stations, specifically:

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] in, Representation node The adjustment depth of the thermal power generating unit at Representation node The rated power of the thermal power generating unit at Representation node The thermal power generating units at The output power at the moment, Representation node The hydroelectric generating units at The power generation at the moment, Representation node Rated power of the hydroelectric generating unit at the location;

[0068] The grid-side constraints include branch carrying capacity constraints, tie line carrying capacity constraints, and DC power flow constraints, specifically:

[0069]

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] in, Representation node a With node b The line transmission power between Representation node a The phase angle, Representation node b The phase angle, Representation node a With node b The susceptance of the line between Representation node a With node b The maximum transmission power of the line between represents the actual transmission power of the tie line, Indicates the maximum transmission power of the tie line;

[0073] The energy storage side constraints include the charge / discharge power constraints of each energy storage system, the energy storage SOC constraints, and the energy storage capacity change constraints within the scheduling cycle. Specifically,

[0074]

[0075] in, Representation node Energy Storage Rated power, Representation node Whether energy storage is installed , Indicates energy storage Allow installation on nodes The power limit at Representation node Energy Storage exist Operating power at all times, Indicates the rated capacity of energy storage, Indicates energy storage The proportional coefficient of rated capacity and rated power, Indicates energy storage The charge and discharge efficiency, Indicates the energy storage rated power, Indicates the energy storage operating power, Indicates the energy storage charge and discharge time interval, which is 1h. Indicates rated value, Indicates that the node Energy Storage Initial capacity in one day, Indicates that the node Energy Storage The final capacity in one day, Indicates that the node Energy Storage The minimum operating capacity in the scheduling process, Indicates that the node Energy Storage During the scheduling cycle The operating capacity at the moment, Indicates that the node Energy Storage During the scheduling cycle -1 moment of operation capacity, Indicates that the node Energy Storage Maximum operating capacity during the scheduling process;

[0076] The load side constraints are specifically:

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] in, Indicates interruptible load The control power of function, express Load can be interrupted at any time The actual power, Indicates interruptible load The maximum control power, Indicates interruptible load The maximum response rate for participants in demand response is lowered. Indicates interruptible load Increase the maximum response rate for demand response participants, Indicates transferable load exist The transfer power at the moment, Indicates transferable load The minimum power, Indicates transferable load About the power function, Indicates transferable load The maximum power, Indicates transferable load The maximum response rate for participants in demand response is lowered. express Load transferable at any time The actual power, Indicates transferable load Increased maximum response rate for participants in demand response;

[0080] The system power balance constraint is specifically:

[0081]

[0082] in, Indicates the generator sets involved in regulation The operating power, Indicates the energy storage system involved in regulation The operating power, Indicates the response load involved in regulation The regulated power, Representation node The load power at Represents the power generation system, , Represents thermal power generation, Indicates hydroelectric power generation, Represents photovoltaic power generation, represents wind power generation, Indicates load, Indicates interruptible load, Indicates transferable load, indicating Energy storage, Indicates the total number of nodes in the system;

[0083] The flexibility constraints that take into account both supply and consumption are specifically:

[0084]

[0085] in, represents the flexibility supply and demand balance rate of the power grid system, It represents the supply flexibility index of the power grid system. It represents the absorption flexibility index of the power grid system. It represents the flexibility index of the power grid system that takes into account both supply and consumption. represents the constraint coefficient of the flexible supply and demand balance rate of the power grid system, represents the constraint coefficient of the power grid system's supply flexibility index, represents the constraint coefficient of the power grid system's flexibility index, It represents the flexibility index constraint coefficient of the power grid system that takes into account both supply and consumption.

[0086] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0087] This paper quantifies flexibility demand based on local historical operating data, and considers the flexibility supply capabilities of multiple types of energy storage and demand-side response resources. The proposed multi-type flexibility resource optimization configuration model can effectively balance load supply and clean energy consumption risk reduction while meeting system flexibility and economic goals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0088] Figure 1 The figure shows a flow chart of a multi-resource optimization configuration method that takes into account both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy power grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments shown and described in the accompanying drawings are merely exemplary and are intended to illustrate the principles and spirit of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0090] Example 1:

[0091] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-resource optimization configuration method that takes into account both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy power grid includes the following steps:

[0092] S1. Based on historical grid operation data, construct a wind and solar load output set. Utilize the scenario and interval methods to quantify the grid system flexibility demand, and obtain flexibility demand and supply intervals.

[0093] In this embodiment, interval number modeling is used to quantitatively model flexibility requirements. There are two types of methods. The first is an indirect method based on prediction error. If the predicted value and the upper and lower bounds of the prediction error are known, the upper and lower bounds of the interval number model can be calculated. The upper and lower bounds of the prediction error are derived from the historical evaluation data of the prediction algorithm used. The second is a direct method based on statistics. Based on the historical data of the variable, a frequency histogram is plotted and upper and lower bounds with a certain degree of confidence are calculated. These are used as the upper and lower bounds of the interval number model. This embodiment of the present invention adopts the second method.

[0094] S2. Calculate the flexibility supply and demand balance range of the power grid system based on the flexibility demand range and the flexibility supply range;

[0095] S3. Calculate supply and consumption flexibility evaluation indicators based on the flexibility supply and demand balance range;

[0096] S4. Based on the supply guarantee and consumption flexibility evaluation indicators, and with economic cost and flexibility risk penalty as optimization objectives, a multi-type flexibility resource optimization allocation model is constructed;

[0097] S5. Use the MILP method to solve the optimization configuration model of multiple types of flexibility resources. When the difference between the supply flexibility index and the consumption flexibility index drops to the preset threshold, the optimal configuration plan is output to complete the multi-resource optimization configuration that takes into account both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy power grid.

[0098] In this embodiment, the flexibility demand in the power grid system mainly comes from the net load fluctuation. The actual value and fluctuation of the net load can be characterized as follows:

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] in, Indicates the actual power of the net load, 、 and Represents nodes respectively Load, node Wind power, nodes The actual power of photovoltaic power, represents the total number of load nodes, represents the total number of wind turbines, Indicates the total number of photovoltaic units, 、 and Represent the cluster center values ​​of load, wind power, and photovoltaic respectively, Representation node Department The load fluctuation value at each moment, Representation node Department The wind power fluctuation value at the time, Representation node Department The photovoltaic fluctuation value at the moment.

[0102] The flexibility demand can be represented as the difference between the load and the fluctuation value of wind and solar power. The calculation formula for the flexibility demand is:

[0103]

[0104] in, express The flexibility required at all times, Representation node Department The load fluctuation value at each moment, Representation node Department The wind power fluctuation value at the time, Representation node Department The photovoltaic fluctuation value at the moment;

[0105] The flexibility demand interval is obtained by calculating the maximum and minimum flexibility demand at each moment, specifically:

[0106]

[0107] in, express The need for constant upward flexibility, express The need for downward flexibility at all times, Indicates the maximum value, Indicates the minimum value.

[0108] In this embodiment, the flexibility supply interval consists of the flexibility supply of thermal power units, the flexibility supply of hydropower units, the flexibility supply of interruptible loads, the flexibility supply of transferable loads and energy storage. The flexibility supply is calculated.

[0109] Conventional thermal and hydropower units are the primary sources of power-side flexibility. Both offer flexibility within their technical output ranges at specific ramp rates, adjusting output to provide both upward and downward flexibility based on system needs.

[0110] The flexibility supply of the thermal power unit is:

[0111]

[0112] in, Indicates thermal power unit The climbing rate, represents the time scale, Indicates thermal power unit The maximum technical output, express Thermal power units The actual output, Indicates thermal power unit The downhill rate, Indicates thermal power unit The maximum technical output.

[0113] The flexibility supply of the hydropower unit is:

[0114]

[0115] in, Indicates hydropower unit The climbing rate, Indicates hydropower unit The maximum technical output, express Moment hydropower unit The actual output, Indicates hydropower unit The downhill rate, Indicates hydropower unit The minimum technical output.

[0116] The flexibility supply capability on the load side mainly comes from responsive load resources, which can adjust loads on a time and power scale under the guidance of economic incentive signals. Based on the response form, they can be divided into interruptible loads and shiftable loads. Interruptible loads, represented by temperature control equipment such as air conditioners, floor heating, and water heaters, can be partially adjusted and interrupted based on the original power consumption plan. The flexibility supply of interruptible loads is as follows:

[0117]

[0118] in, Indicates interruptible load The maximum control power, express Load can be interrupted at any time The actual power, Indicates interruptible load The minimum control power, express Load can be interrupted at any time The control power.

[0119] Transferable loads are loads that have flexible electricity demand over a certain time scale, such as washing machines, dishwashers, and electric vehicle battery swap stations, and the total amount of electricity consumed during that time period is a fixed value. The flexible supply of transferable loads is:

[0120]

[0121] in, Indicates transferable load The maximum power, express Load transferable at any time The actual power, Indicates transferable load The minimum power, Indicates the power value after load transfer, express Load transferable at any time transfer power.

[0122] Distributed energy storage resources can convert electric energy into other forms of energy, thereby releasing electric energy during peak loads and absorbing electric energy during low loads, providing flexibility potential for the power system. In this embodiment of the present invention, lithium-ion batteries, compressed air energy storage, and pumped hydropower storage are selected as multi-type energy storage and regulation resources to achieve flexible two-way regulation through the conversion of electric energy into other forms of energy. The flexibility supply is:

[0123]

[0124] in, Representation node Energy Storage The maximum discharge power, express Time Node Energy Storage The operating power, Indicates energy storage The charge and discharge efficiency, express Time Node Energy Storage The storage capacity, Representation node Energy Storage The minimum storage capacity, Indicates the energy storage charge and discharge time interval, which is 1h. Representation node Energy Storage The maximum charging power, Representation node Energy Storage The maximum storage capacity, , Represents lithium-ion battery, stands for compressed air energy storage, Stands for pumped storage.

[0125] Integrate the flexibility supply of thermal power units, hydropower units, interruptible load flexibility, transferable load flexibility and energy storage The flexibility supply is calculated by the flexibility supply range, and the specific calculation formula is:

[0126]

[0127] in, represents the upper bound of the flexibility supply interval, represents the lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Thermal power units The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Thermal power units The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Moment hydropower unit The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Moment hydropower unit The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Load can be interrupted at any time The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Load can be interrupted at any time The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Load transferable at any time The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Load transferable at any time The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Time Node Energy Storage The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Time Node Energy Storage The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, represents the total number of thermal power units, represents the total number of hydropower units, Indicates the total number of interruptible loads, represents the total amount of transferable load, Indicates the total amount of energy storage.

[0128] In this embodiment, new energy sources represented by photovoltaics have distinct diurnal characteristics, with large-scale generation during the day and almost no generation at night, which can easily cause an imbalance in the flexibility supply and demand of the power system in the time dimension. In addition, the flexibility resources such as power generation equipment, energy storage equipment and responsive loads in the power grid are unevenly distributed in the spatial dimension, resulting in some nodes not having the ability to independently meet their own flexibility demand balance. When the system's upward / downward flexibility supply is less than the demand, the system's supply / absorption risk increases. In order to ensure the balance of system flexibility supply and demand and improve the system's supply / absorption level, the following flexibility evaluation indicators are proposed to constrain the system's operation mode and evaluate the system's flexibility level.

[0129] The embodiment of the present invention combines the flexibility demand interval and the flexibility supply interval of multiple types of regulation resources to calculate the system flexibility supply and demand balance interval. The calculation formula for the flexibility supply and demand balance interval of the power grid system is:

[0130]

[0131] in, express The upper bound of the supply and demand balance interval of flexibility at the moment, express The lower bound of the supply and demand balance interval of flexibility at each moment, represents the upper bound of the flexibility supply interval, represents the lower bound of the flexibility supply range, Indicates the maximum value, Indicates the minimum value.

[0132] In this embodiment, meeting the flexibility supply and demand balance in the new power system means that at any time, at any time scale and in any direction, the total flexibility resource supply in the system is more abundant than the flexibility demand. This method takes into account extreme scenarios with extremely low probability of occurrence in the system, and the optimization results obtained are relatively conservative. In order to take into account both the economy and reliability of the optimization results, this embodiment uses the flexibility supply and demand balance rate to describe the flexibility supply and demand balance of the system. When the up / down flexibility is insufficient, it means that the system's regulation capacity at a certain moment cannot meet the potential sudden increase / decrease in net load, which will bring potential supply / absorption risks. When the system's up / down flexibility supply capacity is much greater than the regulation demand, various adjustable resources will generate additional standby costs, which is not conducive to improving the economy of the system. This embodiment proposes three types of indicators for the day-ahead peak-shaving scenario on a 24h time scale to reduce the flexibility risk of both supply and absorption.

[0133] The evaluation indicators for supply guarantee and consumption flexibility include the flexibility supply and demand balance rate, supply guarantee flexibility index, consumption flexibility index and flexibility index that takes both supply guarantee and consumption into consideration;

[0134] The flexibility supply and demand balance rate The calculation formula is:

[0135]

[0136] in, express The upper bound of the supply and demand balance interval of flexibility at the moment, express The lower bound of the supply and demand balance interval of flexibility at each moment, express The need for constant upward flexibility, express The need for downward flexibility at all times, Indicates the total operating time; flexibility supply and demand balance rate The range of is [0,1], The closer it is to 0, the stronger the system's flexibility and ability to balance supply and demand.

[0137] In order to take into account the economy of the optimization results and reduce the system supply risk, a supply flexibility index is proposed to describe the system supply risk. The calculation formula is:

[0138]

[0139] in, Indicates the actual power of the net load of the power grid system; supply flexibility indicator The range of is [0,1), The closer it is to 0, the lower the system's supply flexibility risk.

[0140] In order to take into account the economic benefits of the optimization results and reduce the system absorption risk, an absorption flexibility index is proposed to describe the system supply risk. The calculation formula is:

[0141]

[0142] Absorption flexibility index The range of is [0,1), The closer it is to 0, the lower the system's absorption flexibility risk.

[0143] In order to take into account the load supply guarantee risk and clean energy consumption risk of the optimization results, a flexibility index that takes into account both supply guarantee and consumption is proposed. The calculation formula is:

[0144]

[0145] The closer the value is to 0, the better the system's ability to balance supply and consumption.

[0146] In this embodiment, the optimal configuration operation takes into account the comprehensive cost of the system and the minimum risk of insufficient flexibility in both supply and consumption. The flexibility risk index proposed in Section 1 is considered and the risk is converted into an economic constraint target. The objective function includes the system power generation / purchase cost and the energy storage configuration and operation cost, while taking into account the economic, supply and consumption goals. The objective function of the multi-type flexibility resource optimization configuration model is:

[0147]

[0148] in, represents minimizing the comprehensive cost of the power grid system, represents the planning cost of multiple types of energy storage, Indicates the operating cost of multiple types of adjustment resources, represents the flexibility risk penalty cost.

[0149] Planning costs of the various types of energy storage The calculation formula is:

[0150]

[0151] in, Indicates energy storage The annual investment recovery coefficient, Indicates energy storage The unit capacity investment cost coefficient is Indicates energy storage Rated capacity, represents the discount rate, Indicates energy storage service life;

[0152] The operating costs of the multiple types of regulation resources The calculation formula is:

[0153]

[0154] in, Indicates the power generation / purchase cost of various generator sets, represents the operating cost of multiple types of energy storage, represents the control cost of multiple types of response loads, represents the tie line exchange power cost, represents the unit power control cost of the generator set, Indicates the generator sets involved in regulation exist Operating power at all times, Indicates the total running time, represents the unit power regulation cost of the energy storage system, express Energy storage participating in regulation at the node Operating power at all times, represents the unit power regulation cost of the responsive load, Indicates the response load involved in regulation exist Adjust power at all times, represents the unit power regulation cost of the tie line, express The actual transmission power of the interconnection line at any moment, Represents the power generation system, , Represents thermal power generation, Indicates hydroelectric power generation, Represents photovoltaic power generation, represents wind power generation, Indicates load, Indicates interruptible load, Indicates transferable load;

[0155] The flexibility risk penalty cost The calculation formula is:

[0156]

[0157] in, represents the flexibility supply and demand balance rate of the power grid system, It represents the supply flexibility index of the power grid system. It represents the absorption flexibility index of the power grid system. It represents the flexibility index of the power grid system that takes into account both supply and consumption. 、 、 and Represent four types of flexibility risk penalty cost coefficients respectively.

[0158] In this embodiment, the constraints of the multi-type flexibility resource optimization configuration model include power generation side constraints, grid side constraints, energy storage side constraints, load side constraints, system power balance constraints and flexibility constraints that take into account both supply and consumption.

[0159] In this embodiment, the power generation side constraints include the output constraints of the thermal power station and the output constraints of the hydropower station, specifically:

[0160]

[0161]

[0162] in, Representation node The regulation depth of the thermal power generating unit is generally 45%-50%. Representation node The rated power of the thermal power generating unit at Representation node The thermal power generating units at The output power at the moment, Representation node The hydroelectric generating units at The power generation at the moment, Representation node Rated power of the hydroelectric generating unit at the location;

[0163] The grid-side constraints include branch carrying capacity constraints, tie line carrying capacity constraints, and DC power flow constraints, specifically:

[0164]

[0165]

[0166]

[0167] in, Representation node a With node b The line transmission power between Representation node a The phase angle, Representation node b The phase angle, Representation node a With node b The susceptance of the line between Representation node a With node b The maximum transmission power of the line between represents the actual transmission power of the tie line, Indicates the maximum transmission power of the tie line;

[0168] The energy storage side constraints include the charge / discharge power constraints of each energy storage system, the energy storage SOC constraints, and the energy storage capacity change constraints within the scheduling cycle. Specifically,

[0169]

[0170] in, Representation node Energy Storage Rated power, Representation node Whether energy storage is installed , Indicates energy storage Allow installation on nodes The power limit at Representation node Energy Storage exist Operating power at all times, Indicates the rated capacity of energy storage, Indicates energy storage The proportional coefficient of rated capacity and rated power, Indicates energy storage The charge and discharge efficiency, Indicates the energy storage rated power, Indicates the energy storage operating power, Indicates the energy storage charge and discharge time interval, which is 1h. Indicates rated value, Indicates that the node Energy Storage Initial capacity in one day, Indicates that the node Energy Storage The final capacity in one day, Indicates that the node Energy Storage The minimum operating capacity in the scheduling process, Indicates that the node Energy Storage During the scheduling cycle The operating capacity at the moment, Indicates that the node Energy Storage During the scheduling cycle -1 moment of operation capacity, Indicates that the node Energy Storage Maximum operating capacity during the scheduling process;

[0171] The load side constraints are specifically:

[0172]

[0173]

[0174] in, Indicates interruptible load The control power of function, express Load can be interrupted at any time The actual power, Indicates interruptible load The maximum control power, Indicates interruptible load The maximum response rate for participants in demand response is lowered. Indicates interruptible load Increase the maximum response rate for demand response participants, Indicates transferable load exist The transfer power at the moment, Indicates transferable load The minimum power, Indicates transferable load About the power function, Indicates transferable load The maximum power, Indicates transferable load The maximum response rate for participants in demand response is lowered. express Load transferable at any time The actual power, Indicates transferable load Increased maximum response rate for participants in demand response;

[0175] The system power balance constraint is specifically:

[0176]

[0177] in, Indicates the generator sets involved in regulation The operating power, Indicates the energy storage system involved in regulation The operating power, Indicates the response load involved in regulation The regulated power, Representation node The load power at Represents the power generation system, , Represents thermal power generation, Indicates hydroelectric power generation, Represents photovoltaic power generation, represents wind power generation, Indicates load, Indicates interruptible load, Indicates transferable load, indicating Energy storage, Indicates the total number of nodes in the system;

[0178] The flexibility constraints that take into account both supply and consumption are specifically:

[0179]

[0180] in, represents the flexibility supply and demand balance rate of the power grid system, It represents the supply flexibility index of the power grid system. It represents the absorption flexibility index of the power grid system. It represents the flexibility index of the power grid system that takes into account both supply and consumption. represents the constraint coefficient of the flexible supply and demand balance rate of the power grid system, represents the constraint coefficient of the power grid system's supply flexibility index, represents the constraint coefficient of the power grid system's flexibility index, It represents the flexibility index constraint coefficient of the power grid system that takes into account both supply and consumption.

[0181] The present invention comprehensively considers the differences in response characteristics of multiple types of energy storage and adjustable loads, and proposes flexibility evaluation indicators from the perspectives of supply guarantee and consumption. Using an uncertain characterization method based on historical data clustering, a model that takes into account both supply guarantee, consumption and economic goals is established to solve the optimal flexibility resource planning and operation plan for the system while meeting the requirements of the proposed flexibility indicators. Based on local historical operating data, a wind and solar load output set is constructed, and the flexibility demand is quantified in combination with the scenario method. The proposed multi-type flexibility resource optimization configuration model can effectively balance load supply guarantee and clean energy consumption risk reduction while meeting the system flexibility and economic goals.

[0182] In particular, the power system in a certain region faces the dual challenge of high renewable energy penetration and weak grid adaptability. The proposed method, validated through a multi-dimensional assessment system encompassing investment economics, load supply assurance, and renewable energy consumption, provides decision support for coordinated planning of power generation, grid, load, and storage in high-altitude areas. The region's power supply structure is simple and the main grid is weak. The system lacks conventional power sources such as coal-fired and gas-fired power with rapid frequency regulation capabilities. Hydropower, photovoltaic, and wind power account for over 80% of installed capacity. Hydropower is affected by runoff fluctuations during wet and dry seasons, resulting in limited regulation capacity. Wind and solar power output fluctuates over 70% daily, significantly inadequate peak-shaving capacity, and the pressure to ensure power supply is increasing year by year. Sources and loads are unevenly distributed, with load centers heavily reliant on AC / DC power and Shannan hydropower. Local clean energy consumption capacity is limited in clean energy-rich regions, forcing surplus power to be distributed across provinces via transmission channels such as the Chaila DC power grid. The main grid is a chain-like structure, and interregional transmission channels must traverse complex high-altitude terrain, resulting in long, weakly interconnected, single transmission corridors. This structure limits the grid's ability to provide interregional power support. At the same time, the communication channels between local power grids and the main grid have not been strengthened. With the rapid growth of load, there are power supply bottlenecks in various regions during the peak load period at the end of the year. Regional sections are operating close to the stability limit, and the safety of the power grid and the power balance margin are further weakened.

[0183] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described herein are intended to help readers understand the principles of the present invention, and it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to such specific descriptions and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific variations and combinations based on the technical teachings disclosed in the present invention without departing from the essence of the present invention, and such variations and combinations are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-resource optimization configuration method for ensuring both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy grid, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Based on the historical operation data of the power grid, the flexibility demand of the power grid system is quantified to obtain the flexibility demand range and flexibility supply range; Calculate the flexibility supply and demand balance range of the power grid system based on the flexibility demand range and the flexibility supply range; Calculate the supply and consumption flexibility evaluation index based on the flexibility supply and demand balance range; Based on the supply guarantee and consumption flexibility evaluation indicators, and taking economic cost and flexibility risk penalty as optimization objectives, a multi-type flexibility resource optimization configuration model is constructed; The MILP method is used to solve the optimal configuration model for multiple types of flexibility resources. When the difference between the supply flexibility index and the consumption flexibility index drops to a preset threshold, the optimal configuration plan is output, completing the optimal configuration of multiple resources that takes into account both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy grid. The evaluation indicators for supply guarantee and consumption flexibility include the flexibility supply and demand balance rate, supply guarantee flexibility index, consumption flexibility index and flexibility index that takes both supply guarantee and consumption into consideration; The flexibility supply and demand balance rate The calculation formula is: in, express The upper bound of the flexibility supply and demand balance interval at the moment, express The lower bound of the supply and demand balance interval of flexibility at each moment, express The need for constant upward flexibility, express The need for downward flexibility at all times, Indicates the total running time; The supply flexibility indicator The calculation formula is: in, Indicates the actual power of the net load of the power grid system; The consumption flexibility index The calculation formula is: ； The flexibility indicators that take into account both supply and consumption The calculation formula is: 。 2. The multi-resource optimization configuration method for ensuring both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy grid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for the flexibility requirement is: in, express The flexibility required at all times, Representation node Department The load fluctuation value at each moment, Representation node Department The wind power fluctuation value at the time, Representation node Department The photovoltaic fluctuation value at the moment; The flexibility demand interval is obtained by calculating the maximum and minimum flexibility demand at each moment, specifically: in, express The need for constant upward flexibility, express The need for downward flexibility at all times, Indicates the maximum value, Indicates the minimum value.

3. The multi-resource optimization configuration method for ensuring both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy grid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flexibility supply range is composed of the flexibility supply of thermal power units, the flexibility supply of hydropower units, the flexibility supply of interruptible loads, the flexibility supply of transferable loads and energy storage. The flexibility supply is calculated, and the specific calculation formula is: in, represents the upper bound of the flexibility supply interval, represents the lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Thermal power units The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Thermal power units The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Moment hydropower unit The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Moment hydropower unit The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Load can be interrupted at any time The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Load can be interrupted at any time The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Load transferable at any time The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Load transferable at any time The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, express Time Node Energy Storage The upper bound of the flexibility supply range, express Time Node Energy Storage The lower bound of the flexibility supply range, represents the total number of thermal power units, represents the total number of hydropower units, Indicates the total number of interruptible loads, represents the total amount of transferable load, Indicates the total amount of energy storage.

4. The multi-resource optimization configuration method for ensuring both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy grid according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The flexibility supply of the thermal power unit is: in, Indicates thermal power unit The climbing rate, represents the time scale, Indicates thermal power unit The maximum technical output, express Thermal power units The actual output, Indicates thermal power unit The downhill rate, Indicates thermal power unit Maximum technical output; The flexibility supply of the hydropower unit is: in, Indicates hydropower unit The climbing rate, Indicates hydropower unit The maximum technical output, express Moment hydropower unit The actual output, Indicates hydropower unit The downhill rate, Indicates hydropower unit Minimum technical output; The flexibility supply of the interruptible load is: in, Indicates interruptible load The maximum control power, express Load can be interrupted at any time The actual power, Indicates interruptible load The minimum control power, express Load can be interrupted at any time The control power; The flexibility provision of the transferable load is: in, Indicates transferable load The maximum power, express Load transferable at any time The actual power, Indicates transferable load The minimum power, Indicates the power value after load transfer, express Load transferable at any time The transfer power; The energy storage The flexibility supply is: in, Representation node Energy Storage The maximum discharge power, express Time Node Energy Storage The operating power, Indicates energy storage The charge and discharge efficiency, express Time Node Energy Storage The storage capacity, Representation node Energy Storage The minimum storage capacity, Indicates the energy storage charge and discharge time interval, which is 1h. Representation node Energy Storage The maximum charging power, Representation node Energy Storage Maximum storage capacity.

5. The multi-resource optimization configuration method for ensuring both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy grid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for the flexibility supply and demand balance range of the power grid system is: in, express The upper bound of the flexibility supply and demand balance interval at the moment, express The lower bound of the supply and demand balance interval of flexibility at each moment, represents the upper bound of the flexibility supply interval, represents the lower bound of the flexibility supply range, Indicates the maximum value, Indicates the minimum value.

6. The multi-resource optimization configuration method for ensuring both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy grid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The objective function of the multi-type flexibility resource optimization configuration model is: in, represents minimizing the comprehensive cost of the power grid system, represents the planning cost of multiple types of energy storage, Indicates the operating cost of multiple types of adjustment resources, represents the flexibility risk penalty cost.

7. The multi-resource optimization configuration method for ensuring both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy grid according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Planning costs of the various types of energy storage The calculation formula is: in, Indicates energy storage The annual investment recovery coefficient is Indicates energy storage The unit capacity investment cost coefficient, Indicates energy storage Rated capacity, represents the discount rate, Indicates energy storage service life; The operating costs of the multiple types of regulation resources The calculation formula is: in, Indicates the power generation / purchase cost of various generator sets, Represents the operating cost of multiple types of energy storage, represents the control cost of multiple types of response loads, represents the tie line exchange power cost, represents the unit power control cost of the generator set, Indicates the generator sets involved in regulation exist Operating power at all times, Indicates the total running time, represents the unit power regulation cost of the energy storage system, express Energy storage participating in regulation at the node Operating power at all times, represents the unit power regulation cost of the responsive load, Indicates the response load involved in regulation exist Adjust power at all times, represents the unit power regulation cost of the tie line, express The actual transmission power of the interconnection line at any moment, Represents the power generation system, , Represents thermal power generation, Indicates hydroelectric power generation, Represents photovoltaic power generation, represents wind power generation, Indicates load, Indicates interruptible load, Indicates transferable load; The flexibility risk penalty cost The calculation formula is: in, represents the flexibility supply and demand balance rate of the power grid system, It represents the supply flexibility index of the power grid system. It represents the absorption flexibility index of the power grid system. It represents the flexibility index of the power grid system that takes into account both supply and consumption. 、 、 and Represent four types of flexibility risk penalty cost coefficients respectively.

8. The multi-resource optimization configuration method for ensuring both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy grid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The constraints of the multi-type flexibility resource optimization configuration model include power generation side constraints, grid side constraints, energy storage side constraints, load side constraints, system power balance constraints and flexibility constraints that take into account both supply and consumption.

9. The multi-resource optimization configuration method for ensuring both supply and consumption in a high-proportion new energy grid according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The generation side constraints include the output constraints of thermal power plants and hydropower plants, specifically: in, Representation node The adjustment depth of the thermal power generating unit at Representation node The rated power of the thermal power generating unit at Representation node The thermal power generating units at The output power at the moment, Representation node The hydroelectric generating units at The power generation at the moment, Representation node Rated power of the hydroelectric generating unit at the location; The grid-side constraints include branch carrying capacity constraints, tie line carrying capacity constraints, and DC power flow constraints, specifically: in, Representation node a With node b The line transmission power between Representation node a The phase angle, Representation node b The phase angle, Representation node a With node b The susceptance of the line between Representation node a With node b The maximum transmission power of the line between represents the actual transmission power of the tie line, Indicates the maximum transmission power of the tie line; The energy storage side constraints include the charge / discharge power constraints of each energy storage system, the energy storage SOC constraints, and the energy storage capacity change constraints within the scheduling cycle. Specifically, in, Representation node Energy Storage Rated power, Representation node Whether energy storage is installed , Indicates energy storage Allow installation on nodes The power limit at Representation node Energy Storage exist Operating power at all times, Indicates the rated capacity of energy storage, Indicates energy storage The proportional coefficient of rated capacity and rated power, Indicates energy storage The charge and discharge efficiency, Indicates the energy storage rated power, Indicates the energy storage operating power, Indicates the energy storage charge and discharge time interval, which is 1h. Indicates rated value, Indicates that the node Energy Storage Initial capacity in one day, Indicates that the node Energy Storage The final capacity in one day, Indicates that the node Energy Storage The minimum operating capacity in the scheduling process, Indicates that the node Energy Storage During the scheduling cycle The operating capacity at the moment, Indicates that the node Energy Storage During the scheduling cycle -1 moment of operation capacity, Indicates that the node Energy Storage Maximum operating capacity during the scheduling process; The load side constraints are specifically: in, Indicates interruptible load The control power of function, express Load can be interrupted at any time The actual power, Indicates interruptible load The maximum control power, Indicates interruptible load The maximum response rate for participants in demand response is lowered. Indicates interruptible load Increase the maximum response rate for participants in demand response, Indicates transferable load exist The transfer power at the moment, Indicates transferable load The minimum power, Indicates transferable load About the power function, Indicates transferable load The maximum power, Indicates transferable load The maximum response rate for participants in demand response is lowered. express Load transferable at any time The actual power, Indicates transferable load Increased maximum response rate for participants in demand response; The system power balance constraint is specifically: in, Indicates the generator sets involved in regulation The operating power, Indicates the energy storage system involved in regulation The operating power, Indicates the response load involved in regulation The regulated power, Representation node The load power at Represents the power generation system, , Represents thermal power generation, Indicates hydroelectric power generation, Represents photovoltaic power generation, represents wind power generation, Indicates load, Indicates interruptible load, Indicates transferable load, Energy storage, Indicates the total number of nodes in the system; The flexibility constraints that take into account both supply and consumption are specifically: in, represents the flexibility supply and demand balance rate of the power grid system, It represents the supply flexibility index of the power grid system. It represents the absorption flexibility index of the power grid system. It represents the flexibility index of the power grid system that takes into account both supply and consumption. represents the constraint coefficient of the flexible supply and demand balance rate of the power grid system, represents the constraint coefficient of the power grid system's supply flexibility index, represents the constraint coefficient of the power grid system's flexibility index, It represents the flexibility index constraint coefficient of the power grid system that takes into account both supply and consumption.

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