Ship bridge anti-collision method and system based on geographic position labeling

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship and bridge anti-collision method and system based on geographic position labeling, and aims to solve the problems that the prior art depends on manual judgment, static obstacle early warning is insufficient, and the reliability is low in a severe environment. The method comprises the following steps: marking a bridge position in an electronic map in advance and defining polygonal warning areas of upstream and downstream ranges of the bridge position; acquiring GPS position, course and speed data of the ship in real time; judging whether a ship enters a warning area or not through a geometric algorithm, and dynamically analyzing an approaching trend by combining a course and a velocity vector; and if a potential collision risk is detected, early warning is triggered immediately through shipborne broadcast or an electronic interface. The system supports multi-sensor fusion to improve monitoring redundancy and allows the alert area to be replaced to be circular or elliptical to adapt to different water area conditions. All-weather high-precision early warning is achieved, the collision risk of the ship and the bridge is remarkably reduced, and the system has the advantages of being economical, efficient and suitable for complex environments and is suitable for inland river shipping, port management and other scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship navigation safety, and particularly to an intelligent early warning method and system for preventing collisions between ships and bridges through geographic information technology and real-time data analysis. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the prevention of ship-bridge collisions mainly relies on manual observation, traditional radar, on-board navigation systems, and visual detection for risk assessment and early warning. However, these methods have some obvious defects and deficiencies:

[0003] 1. Limitations of manual observation

[0004] Problems and disadvantages: Relying on the visual observation and judgment of crew members, this method is easily affected by weather conditions (such as haze, heavy rain) and insufficient attention of crew members, resulting in misjudgment or untimely response.

[0005] Analysis of reasons: The uncertainty of human factors is the fundamental problem of this method. Especially in a complex navigation environment, it may be difficult for crew members to identify risks in a timely and accurate manner.

[0006] 2. Deficiencies of traditional radar and navigation systems

[0007] Problems and disadvantages: Although radar and GPS navigation devices can provide information about the ship's position and the surrounding environment, they usually lack a detailed analysis of the warning areas of static obstacles (such as bridges) and an early warning mechanism. Traditional navigation systems cannot make dynamic risk judgments based on predefined warning areas, especially for the structural risk prediction of bridges.

[0008] Analysis of reasons: Traditional radar devices are mainly used to detect and avoid dynamic objects (such as other ships), and lack a special warning function for static, pre-marked obstacles. The warning logic in navigation systems is often relatively simple and only provides basic navigation path information.

[0009] 3. Inability to dynamically judge approaching risks

[0010] Problems and disadvantages: Existing systems rarely analyze the course and speed of ships in real time to determine whether they are approaching a static obstacle. In the absence of such trend analysis, even if a potentially dangerous area is entered, an early warning cannot be issued in a timely manner.

[0011] Analysis of reasons: Existing systems mainly rely on real-time monitoring of single-point positions and do not have the ability to analyze complex direction and speed vectors, resulting in an inability to provide accurate risk predictions.

[0012] 4. Limitations of vision detection solutions

[0013] Problems and Disadvantages: The vision detection system can identify obstacles such as bridges under ideal conditions, but its performance is severely affected by weather, lighting, and visibility. For example, in cases of heavy fog, heavy rain, at night, or in strong backlighting, the detection accuracy and range of cameras and sensors will drop significantly, which may lead to the failure to identify bridges in a timely manner.

[0014] Cause Analysis: Vision detection relies on optical principles and image processing technologies. In adverse weather or insufficient lighting conditions, the image quality will deteriorate significantly, resulting in the algorithm's inability to accurately identify obstacles. In addition, such systems have high requirements for computing resources, and processing delays may affect the timeliness of early warnings.

[0015] The existence of these problems is mainly because traditional systems overly focused on dynamic obstacles and basic position data during design, neglecting the needs for refined, early risk warnings for static obstacles such as bridges, and reliability in harsh environments. The analysis and early warning mechanisms in existing technologies are relatively simple and cannot meet the requirements of modern complex shipping environments. Summary of the Invention

[0016] This invention is made to solve the above problems, aiming to provide a ship-bridge collision prevention method and system based on geographical location marking. By combining geographical location marking, real-time spatial analysis, and trend judgment, this invention fills the gap in bridge collision prevention in existing technologies and effectively improves the safety and reliability of navigation.

[0017] This invention provides a ship-bridge collision prevention method based on geographical location marking, which has the following characteristics: Step 1, pre-mark the position of the bridge in the electronic map and define the warning areas upstream and downstream of it as polygon areas; Step 2, obtain the GPS position data of the ship in real time, including longitude and latitude coordinates and navigation speed, and input it into the collision prevention system; Step 3, judge whether the GPS position of the ship enters the polygon warning area based on geometric algorithms; Step 4, if the ship enters the warning area, analyze whether the ship is approaching the bridge by combining its heading and velocity vector to distinguish harmless passage and potential collision risks; Step 5, when it is determined that the ship enters the warning area and is approaching the bridge, trigger the early warning mechanism, and the collision prevention system sends an early warning message to the driver through on-board equipment.

[0018] In the ship-bridge collision prevention method based on geographical location marking provided by this invention, it can also have the following characteristics: Among them, in Step 1, the range of the warning area is set as a polygon area within 0.5 to 8 nautical miles upstream and downstream of the bridge according to actual navigation safety standards.

[0019] In the ship-bridge collision prevention method based on geographical location marking provided by the present invention, it may further have the following features: Among them, in step 3, the geometric algorithm is one or more of the "point-in-polygon" algorithm, the ray method, or the vector intersection method.

[0020] In the ship-bridge collision prevention method based on geographical location marking provided by the present invention, it may further have the following features: Among them, in step 5, the early warning mechanism realizes the transmission of early warning information through the ship's broadcast system, the electronic bridge interface, or the siren, so as to provide sufficient reaction time to avoid collisions.

[0021] In the ship-bridge collision prevention method based on geographical location marking provided by the present invention, it may further have the following features: The method further includes obtaining ship dynamic data by combining a radar sensor or an Automatic Identification System (AIS) to enhance the monitoring redundancy and accuracy.

[0022] In the ship-bridge collision prevention method based on geographical location marking provided by the present invention, it may further have the following features: Among them, in step 1, the warning area can be replaced with a circle, an ellipse, or other geometric shapes, and is specifically adjusted according to the bridge location and the surrounding water area conditions.

[0023] In the ship-bridge collision prevention method based on geographical location marking provided by the present invention, it may further have the following features: Among them, in step 5, in an extreme navigation environment, the system introduces an artificial review mechanism to assist in early warning judgment.

[0024] In the ship-bridge collision prevention method based on geographical location marking provided by the present invention, it may further have the following features: Among them, in step 5, the early warning information includes the current position of the ship, the predicted time to approach the bridge, and the recommended avoidance measures.

[0025] The present invention also provides a ship-bridge collision prevention system based on geographical location marking, including: An electronic map marking module: used to store the polygon data of the bridge location and the warning area; A GPS data acquisition module: used to obtain the position and speed information of the ship in real time; A spatial analysis module: used to execute geometric algorithms and analyze the course and speed vectors of the ship; An early warning trigger module: used to trigger an early warning signal according to the analysis result; An early warning output module: used to transmit the early warning information to the driver.

[0026] In the ship-bridge collision prevention system based on geographical location marking provided by the present invention, it may further have the following features: Among them, the spatial analysis module supports data fusion with a radar sensor or an AIS device to improve the monitoring reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is the flowchart of the ship-bridge collision prevention method based on geographical location marking in this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a warning map for a ship to enter the bridge warning area. Specific implementation manner

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several changes and improvements can still be made. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] This embodiment proposes a ship-bridge collision prevention method based on geographical location marking. This embodiment combines the spatial analysis of the geographic information system, real-time position monitoring and navigation dynamic analysis to achieve active monitoring and intelligent warning of ship navigation. This method significantly improves the safety between ships and bridges during navigation, reducing the risks of manual judgment errors and response delays.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the ship-bridge collision prevention method based on geographical location marking in this embodiment.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the specific implementation manner of the ship-bridge collision prevention method based on geographical location marking in this embodiment is as follows:

[0033] Step S1, pre-mark the positions of bridges in the electronic map, mark the positions of each bridge in the form of broken lines, and define the warning areas upstream and downstream of it as polygon areas to ensure a more accurate coverage range. In this embodiment, the range of the warning area is set as a polygon area within 0.5 to 8 nautical miles upstream and downstream of the bridge. This area marking method allows the system to identify bridges and their surrounding high-risk areas on the map.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a warning map for a ship to enter the bridge warning area.

[0035] Step S2, obtain the GPS position data of the ship in real time, including longitude and latitude coordinates and navigation speed, and input them into the collision prevention system.

[0036] Step S3, judge whether the GPS position of the ship enters the polygon warning area based on the "point-in-polygon" algorithm. This calculation not only realizes the relationship judgment between the ship and the polygon area, but also can perform rapid real-time updates to ensure the timeliness of the system response.

[0037] Step S4, if the ship enters the warning area, then analyze whether the ship is approaching the bridge in combination with its heading and speed vector to distinguish harmless passage and potential collision risks.

[0038] In this embodiment, the heading and velocity vector data of the ship are obtained by combining a radar sensor and an Automatic Identification System (AIS) of the ship to enhance the monitoring redundancy and accuracy.

[0039] Step S5: When it is determined that the ship enters the warning area and approaches the bridge, the warning mechanism is triggered. Meanwhile, the current position of the ship, the predicted time to approach the bridge, and the recommended avoidance measures are sent to the driver through the ship's broadcast system, the electronic bridge interface, and the alarm, so as to provide sufficient reaction time to avoid collision, remind the driver to pay attention and take necessary measures, such as adjusting the heading or decelerating. Additionally, in extreme navigation environments, the system introduces a manual review mechanism to assist in warning judgment.

[0040] This embodiment also provides a ship-bridge anti-collision system based on geographical location annotation, including:

[0041] An electronic map annotation module that completes the electronic map annotation by using the steps in S1 above.

[0042] A GPS data acquisition module: Completes the GPS data acquisition by using the steps in S2 above.

[0043] A spatial analysis module: Completes the spatial analysis by using the steps in S3 above. In addition, this embodiment supports data fusion with radar sensors or AIS devices to improve the monitoring reliability.

[0044] A warning trigger module: Completes the warning trigger by using the steps in S4 above.

[0045] A warning output module: Completes the warning output by using the steps in S5 above.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the ship-bridge anti-collision method based on geographical location annotation provided in this embodiment aims to achieve automatic warning for ships when navigating near bridges to improve navigation safety. This embodiment comprehensively uses technologies such as electronic maps, warning area annotation, GPS positioning, and real-time spatial analysis to realize the monitoring and warning of the ship's position and heading. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. Technical effects

[0048] High-precision monitoring and warning: Through polygon annotation and real-time position calculation, the present invention can accurately judge whether a ship enters the warning area of the bridge and approaches the bridge, and provide instant warning. This is more reliable than traditional radar and visual detection, especially having significant advantages in bad weather and night conditions.

[0049] All-weather operation ability: This embodiment uses GPS data and does not rely on optical sensors, so it can work normally under any weather conditions, thus solving the problem of performance degradation of the prior art in bad weather.

[0050] 2. Economic effects

[0051] Reduce accident risks: Collisions between ships and bridges can cause huge economic losses and endanger lives. Through the early warning mechanism, this embodiment can significantly reduce the probability of such accidents, thereby reducing property losses and insurance costs.

[0052] Maintenance and operation costs: This system uses existing electronic maps and GPS devices, reducing the use and maintenance costs of additional sensors and making ship operations more economical.

[0053] 3. Social effects

[0054] Improve shipping safety: This embodiment improves the navigation safety of ships near bridges, protects the crew, bridge infrastructure and surrounding environment, and enhances the safety management of water transportation.

[0055] Environmental protection: Avoiding fuel leakage and environmental pollution caused by ship-bridge collisions helps to maintain the water ecological environment.

[0056] Theoretical analysis:

[0057] The theoretical basis of this embodiment lies in spatial geometric calculation and position dynamic monitoring. By pre-marking bridges and their warning areas based on geographical locations, using geometric algorithms (such as determining whether a point is inside a polygon) to real-time monitor the GPS positions of ships, and combining the heading and speed vectors of the ships for trend analysis, the risk of collision is predicted. This analysis ensures the accuracy and real-time nature of the judgment.

[0058] Test results:

[0059] In the simulation test, the system provided by this embodiment was used to conduct real-time warning tests on multiple ships under various navigation conditions (including fog, night, and complex waters). The results showed that:

[0060] Accuracy: The system successfully identified the situation of ships entering the warning area in 99% of the tests.

[0061] Timeliness: The average early warning time was 30 seconds, which was sufficient for the crew to take evasive measures.

[0062] All-weather stability: Under fog and low light conditions, the system showed the same stable performance as during the day, with no obvious performance degradation.

[0063] Through these technical demonstrations and test results, this invention has proven its significant advantages in solving the defects of the existing technology and is expected to generate extensive social and economic benefits in the field of shipping safety.

[0064] In summary, in view of the limitations of manual observation and traditional radar warning in the prior art, in this embodiment, by pre-marking bridges and their warning areas on an electronic map and combining the real-time GPS positioning of ships and a spatial calculation algorithm, automated warning area detection and dynamic risk analysis are provided, which are not affected by human factors and have higher accuracy and real-time performance. In view of the reliability problem of the vision detection system, in this embodiment, all-weather warning is realized by using electronic map and GPS positioning technology, which is not affected by external factors such as weather and light. Whether a ship enters the polygonal warning area of a bridge is monitored in real time through spatial calculation, and combined with the analysis of the course and speed, it is accurately judged whether the ship is approaching the bridge.

[0065] The above embodiments are preferred cases of the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship-bridge anti-collision method based on geographical location marking, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1, pre-mark the position of the bridge in the electronic map, and define the warning areas upstream and downstream of it as polygonal areas; Step 2, obtain the GPS position data of the ship in real time, including longitude and latitude coordinates and navigation speed, and input it into the anti-collision system; Step 3, based on geometric algorithms, determine whether the GPS position of the ship enters the polygonal warning area; Step 4, if the ship enters the warning area, analyze whether the ship is approaching the bridge in combination with its course and velocity vector, and distinguish harmless passage and potential collision risks; Step 5, when it is determined that the ship enters the warning area and approaches the bridge, trigger the warning mechanism, and the anti-collision system sends a warning message to the driver through on-board equipment.

2. The ship-bridge anti-collision method based on geographical location marking according to claim 1, wherein: Among them, In step 1, the range of the warning area is set as a polygonal area within 0.5 to 8 nautical miles upstream and downstream of the bridge according to the actual navigation safety standard.

3. The ship-bridge anti-collision method based on geographical location marking according to claim 1, wherein: Among them, In step 3, the geometric algorithm is one or more of the "point-in-polygon" algorithm, the ray method or the vector intersection method.

4. The ship-bridge anti-collision method based on geographical location marking according to claim 1, wherein: Among them, In step 5, the warning mechanism realizes the transmission of warning information through the ship's broadcast system, electronic bridge interface or siren, so as to provide sufficient reaction time to avoid collision.

5. The ship-bridge anti-collision method based on geographical location marking according to claim 1, wherein: The method further includes combining radar sensors or the Automatic Identification System (AIS) of ships to obtain ship dynamic data to enhance monitoring redundancy and accuracy.

6. The ship-bridge anti-collision method based on geographical location marking according to claim 1, wherein: Among them, In step 1, the warning area can be replaced by a circular, elliptical or other geometric shape, and is specifically adjusted according to the bridge position and surrounding water area conditions.

7. The ship-bridge anti-collision method based on geographical location marking according to claim 1, wherein: Among them, In step 5, in an extreme navigation environment, the system introduces an artificial review mechanism to assist in warning judgment.

8. The ship-bridge anti-collision method based on geographical location marking according to claim 1, wherein: Among them, In step 5, the warning information includes the current position of the ship, the predicted time to approach the bridge and the recommended avoidance measures.

9. A ship-bridge anti-collision system based on geographical location marking, characterized in that, It includes: Electronic map marking module: used to store the polygonal data of the bridge position and the warning area; GPS data acquisition module: used to obtain the position and speed information of the ship in real time; Spatial analysis module: used to execute geometric algorithms and analyze the course and velocity vector of the ship; Warning trigger module: used to trigger a warning signal according to the analysis result; Warning output module: used to transmit the warning information to the driver.

10. The ship-bridge anti-collision system based on geographical location marking according to claim 9, wherein: Among them, The spatial analysis module supports data fusion with radar sensors or AIS devices to improve monitoring reliability.

Images