Lithium battery box with automatic fire extinguishing and explosion-proof function

Abstract

The present application relates to lithium battery protection technical field, disclose a kind of lithium battery battery box with automatic fire extinguishing explosion-proof function, including battery box;Battery rack is fixedly connected in battery box, and a plurality of battery assembly bin are provided on battery rack, and battery assembly bin is used to place lithium battery body, and the top and bottom of battery assembly bin are respectively provided with water inlet seat and drainage seat, and smoke exhaust mechanism, water inlet, a plurality of first air vents and first aperture adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening degree of a plurality of first air vents are provided on water inlet seat, and drainage outlet, a plurality of second air vents and second aperture adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening degree of a plurality of second air vents are provided on drainage seat;Water circulation mechanism is connected with a plurality of water inlets and a plurality of drainage outlets respectively, and the present application can effectively prevent the lithium battery body from catching fire and explosion.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lithium battery protection, in particular to a lithium battery box with automatic fire extinguishing and explosion prevention functions. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lithium battery is a kind of battery using non-aqueous electrolyte solution with lithium metal or lithium alloy as positive and negative electrode materials. Due to the very active chemical properties of lithium metal, the processing, preservation and use of lithium metal have very high requirements on the environment. With the development of science and technology, lithium battery has become mainstream. Lithium battery can be roughly divided into two categories: lithium metal battery and lithium ion battery. Lithium ion battery does not contain metallic lithium and is rechargeable.

[0003] The existing storage method of lithium ion battery is arranged in a battery packaging box. In the use process, the main reason for the fire and explosion of lithium battery is the so-called thermal runaway caused by short circuit, excessive charging or poor heat dissipation due to high environmental temperature. That is, when the environment around the lithium battery monomer reaches the critical point, the fire and explosion phenomenon will occur.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a lithium battery box with automatic fire extinguishing and explosion prevention functions. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a lithium battery box with automatic fire extinguishing and explosion prevention functions, which aims to solve or improve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following scheme: the present application provides a lithium battery box with automatic fire extinguishing and explosion prevention functions, which comprises:

[0007] A battery box body;

[0008] A battery rack fixedly connected in the battery box body, a plurality of battery assembly compartments are arranged on the battery rack, the battery assembly compartments are used for placing lithium battery bodies, water inlets and water outlets are arranged at the top and bottom of the battery assembly compartments respectively, a smoke exhaust mechanism, a water inlet, a plurality of first air vents and a first aperture adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening degree of the plurality of first air vents are arranged on the water inlet, a water outlet, a plurality of second air vents and a second aperture adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening degree of the plurality of second air vents are arranged on the water outlet;

[0009] A water circulation mechanism connected with the plurality of water inlets and the plurality of water outlets respectively.

[0010] Optionally, the water inlet seat has a first cavity, and the side wall of the first cavity has a first fitting groove. A first sliding ring is slidably fitted in the first fitting groove. The first sliding ring has a plurality of first adjusting holes. The top and bottom surfaces of the first fitting groove are respectively connected to a plurality of first top air holes and a plurality of first bottom air holes. The plurality of first top air holes, the plurality of first adjusting holes and the plurality of first bottom air holes correspond one-to-one from top to bottom to form a plurality of first vents. The first pore adjustment mechanism is used to drive the first sliding ring to rotate.

[0011] Optionally, the first pore adjustment mechanism includes:

[0012] The first rack is fixedly connected to the first sliding ring;

[0013] A first shaft is rotatably connected to the first cavity. A first gear is fixedly connected to the first shaft. The first gear meshes with the first rack. A first helical groove is formed on the first shaft. A first slider slides in the first helical groove. A first push block is fixedly connected to the first slider. A plurality of first memory metals are fixedly connected between the first push block and the first cavity.

[0014] Optionally, the first sliding ring is provided with a first elongated water hole, and the top and bottom surfaces of the first fitting groove are respectively connected to a first top water hole and a first bottom water hole. The first top water hole, the first elongated water hole and the first bottom water hole correspond to each other from top to bottom to form the water inlet.

[0015] Optionally, the smoke exhaust mechanism includes an elongated smoke hole on the first sliding ring and a top smoke hole and a bottom smoke hole communicating with the top and bottom surfaces of the first fitting groove. The top smoke hole, the elongated smoke hole, and the bottom smoke hole are arranged vertically to form a smoke passage. A rotating rod is rotatably connected inside the smoke passage. The top end of the rotating rod extends out of the smoke passage and is circumferentially fixedly connected to a plurality of smoke exhaust blades. The bottom end of the rotating rod extends into the battery assembly compartment and is circumferentially fixedly connected to a plurality of water flow deflectors. The water flow deflectors abut against the water flow in the battery assembly compartment.

[0016] Optionally, a spiral blade is fixedly connected inside the battery assembly compartment. The spiral blade is wound around the outside of the lithium battery body, and multiple water flow deflectors are located above the spiral blade at any stage.

[0017] Optionally, the water circulation mechanism includes:

[0018] A water tank is located inside the battery box.

[0019] A first water pump, the inlet is communicated with the water tank, the outlet of the first water pump is communicated with a spray pipe, a plurality of spray heads are fixedly connected on the spray pipe, and the plurality of spray heads are respectively directed to the plurality of water inlets;

[0020] A second water pump, the inlet is communicated with a water guide pipe, the water guide pipe is communicated with the plurality of water outlets, and the outlet of the second water pump is communicated with the water tank.

[0021] Optionally, the drain seat is provided with a second cavity, a second embedded groove is formed in the side wall of the second cavity in a circumferential direction, a second sliding ring is slidably arranged in the second embedded groove, a plurality of second adjusting holes are formed in the second sliding ring in a circumferential direction, a plurality of second top air holes and a plurality of second bottom air holes are respectively communicated with the top surface and the bottom surface of the second embedded groove, the plurality of second top air holes, the plurality of second adjusting holes and the plurality of second bottom air holes correspond to each other from top to bottom to form a plurality of second air outlets, and the second aperture adjusting mechanism is used for driving the second sliding ring to rotate.

[0022] Optionally, the second aperture adjusting mechanism comprises:

[0023] A second rack is fixedly connected to the second sliding ring;

[0024] A second shaft is rotatably connected in the second cavity, a second gear is fixedly connected to the second shaft, the second gear is engaged with the second rack, a second spiral groove is formed in the second shaft, a second sliding block is slidably arranged in the second spiral groove, a second push block is fixedly connected to the second sliding block, and a plurality of second memory metals are fixedly connected between the second push block and the second cavity.

[0025] Optionally, a second long strip water hole is formed in the second sliding ring, a second top water hole and a second bottom water hole are respectively communicated with the top surface and the bottom surface of the second embedded groove, and the second top water hole, the second long strip water hole and the second bottom water hole correspond to each other from top to bottom to form the water outlet.

[0026] The application discloses the following technical effects: the first air outlet and the second air outlet can maintain good ventilation in the battery assembly bin, effectively heat dissipation of the lithium battery body, when the lithium battery body temperature is too high, the first aperture adjusting mechanism and the second aperture adjusting mechanism are used for adjusting the opening degree of the first air outlet and the second air outlet respectively, so that the oxygen content in the battery assembly bin is effectively reduced, the fire extinguishing liquid flows in the battery assembly bin through the water circulation mechanism and the water inlet and the water outlet, so that the lithium battery body is effectively prevented from fire and explosion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application. The illustrations, together with their description, serve to explain the application without unduly limiting it.

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the whole application;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the battery box;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the battery assembly compartment; Figure 2 is a bottom view of the application;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the battery assembly compartment;

[0032] Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of A in Figure 4

[0033] Figure 6 is a sectional view of the water inlet seat of the application;

[0034] Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of B in Figure 6

[0035] is a sectional view of the water outlet seat of the application; Figure 8

[0036] Figure 9 is a partial enlarged view of C in Figure 8

[0037] in the drawings:

[0038] 1, battery box; 2, battery rack; 3, battery assembly compartment; 4, lithium battery body;

[0039] 5, water inlet seat; 51, first cavity; 52, first fitting groove; 53, first sliding ring;

[0040] 6, water outlet seat; 61, second cavity; 62, second fitting groove; 63, second sliding ring;

[0041] 7, smoke exhaust mechanism; 71, long smoke hole; 72, top smoke hole; 73, bottom smoke hole; 74, rotating rod; 75, smoke exhaust blade; 76, water flow tab;

[0042] 8, water inlet; 81, first long water hole; 82, first top water hole; 83, first bottom water hole;

[0043] 9, first air vent; 91, first adjusting hole; 92, first top air hole; 93, first bottom air hole;

[0044] ​​​10, drain; 101, second long water hole; 102, second top water hole; 103, second bottom water hole;

[0045] 11, second air vent; 111, second adjusting hole; 112, second top air hole; 113, second bottom air hole;

[0046] 121, first rack; 122, first shaft; 123, first gear; 124, first helical groove; 125, first push block; 126, first memory metal;

[0047] 13, helical blade;

[0048] 141, water tank; 142, first water pump; 143, spray pipe; 144, spray head; 145, second water pump; 146, water guide pipe;

[0049] 151, second rack; 152, second shaft; 153, second gear; 154, second helical groove; 155, second push block; 156, second memory metal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The principle of gear arc rack drive is based on the meshing relationship between the two. The gear is a mechanical part arranged by a series of teeth with equal number of teeth and same tooth shape, while the arc rack is a strip-shaped part curved into an arc, with a series of protrusions on its surface that mesh with the gear. When the gear and the arc rack are in transmission, the tooth shapes of the two must match and the depth must be selected to ensure the fit. The tooth profile of the gear and the arc rack must be compatible to ensure that they can mesh smoothly with each other. During transmission, when the gear rotates, its teeth mesh with the protrusions on the arc rack, enabling the gear to transmit its rotational force to the arc rack. This meshing not only achieves rotational force transmission, but also allows adjustment of the size, number of teeth, and other parameters of the gear and the arc rack as needed to achieve different transmission ratios and transmission modes, adapting to different working requirements. The application scenarios of gear arc rack drive include mechanical equipment such as machine tools, conveyors, and occasions requiring different speed transmission. In addition, this transmission method is also commonly used in mechanisms that require fast and precise positioning, such as CNC machine tools, machining centers, cutting machines, and welding machines.

[0051] Shape memory metal, also known as shape memory alloy, is a special metal material that can restore its original shape at a certain temperature. Its principle is mainly based on the phase change phenomenon of the crystal structure of the alloy with temperature change. The crystal structure of the shape memory metal changes at high and low temperatures. The high-temperature phase is usually called austenite, and the low-temperature phase is called martensite. When the temperature changes, the crystal structure of the alloy will convert between austenite and martensite, causing the overall shape of the material to change. Each shape memory alloy has a specific "transformation temperature", which is the temperature at which the crystal structure changes. For example, the transformation temperature of nickel-titanium alloy is 40°C. At high temperatures, the alloy is in the austenite phase and is stable in shape; at low temperatures, the alloy changes to the martensite phase and is easily deformed by external forces. When the temperature rises again above the transformation temperature, the alloy will restore its original shape. The shape memory effect of shape memory metal is divided into three types: one-way shape memory: the alloy deforms at low temperature and restores its original shape when heated above the transformation temperature. Two-way shape memory: the alloy restores the high-temperature phase shape when heated, and the low-temperature phase shape when cooled. Full-range shape memory: the alloy can restore its shape to exactly the opposite of the parent phase during the cold and hot cycle. The shape memory metal releases a huge force when restoring its shape, which is much greater than the force applied during the initial deformation. For example, the restoring force of nitinol alloy can reach 60 kg / mm2. This energy conversion phenomenon has not yet been fully explained by science, but is believed to be the effect of "memory factor". The unique properties of shape memory metal make it widely used in industry, medicine and high-tech fields. For example, in medicine, the biocompatibility and shape memory of titanium-nickel alloy are used in spinal correction rods and heart repair components; in industry, its superelasticity is used in springs and eyeglass frames.

[0052] The principle of reducing oxygen content for flame retardation is mainly to reduce the oxygen concentration required for combustion, so that the combustion reaction cannot continue.

[0053] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0054] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0055] Reference Figures 1-9 The present application provides a lithium battery box with automatic fire extinguishing and explosion-proof function, comprising:

[0056] The battery box 1;

[0057] The battery rack 2 is fixedly connected in the battery box 1, a plurality of battery assembly cavities 3 are arranged on the battery rack 2, the battery assembly cavities 3 are used for placing lithium battery bodies 4, a water inlet seat 5 and a water outlet seat 6 are arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the battery assembly cavities 3 respectively, a smoke exhaust mechanism 7, a water inlet 8, a plurality of first air vents 9 and a first aperture adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening degree of the plurality of first air vents 9 are arranged on the water inlet seat 5, a water outlet 10, a plurality of second air vents 11 and a second aperture adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening degree of the plurality of second air vents 11 are arranged on the water outlet seat 6;

[0058] A water circulation mechanism is connected with the plurality of water inlets 8 and the plurality of water outlets 10 respectively.

[0059] The first air vents 9 and the second air vents 11 enable the battery assembly cavities 3 to maintain good ventilation, effectively heat dissipating the lithium battery bodies 4, when the lithium battery bodies 4 catch fire due to high temperature, the opening degree of the first air vents 9 and the second air vents 11 is adjusted by the first aperture adjusting mechanism and the second aperture adjusting mechanism respectively, so as to effectively reduce the oxygen content in the battery assembly cavities 3, and the fire extinguishing liquid flows in the battery assembly cavities 3 through the water circulation mechanism and the water inlets 8 and the water outlets 10, so as to effectively prevent the lithium battery bodies 4 from catching fire and explosion.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present application, a first cavity 51 is arranged in the water inlet seat 5, a first fitting groove 52 is arranged in the side wall of the first cavity 51 in a circumferential direction, a first sliding ring 53 is slidingly fitted in the first fitting groove 52, a plurality of first adjusting holes 91 are arranged in the first sliding ring 53 in a circumferential direction, a plurality of first top air holes 92 and a plurality of first bottom air holes 93 are respectively communicated with the top surface and the bottom surface of the first fitting groove 52, the plurality of first top air holes 92, the plurality of first adjusting holes 91 and the plurality of first bottom air holes 93 correspond to each other from top to bottom to form the plurality of first air vents 9, and the first aperture adjusting mechanism is used for driving the first sliding ring 53 to rotate.

[0061] The first sliding ring 53 is driven to rotate by the first aperture adjusting mechanism, so that the first adjusting holes 91 are matched with the first top air holes 92 and the first bottom air holes 93 by the overlapping area of the first sliding ring 53 and the first fitting groove 52, and the opening degree of the first air vents 9 is adjusted.

[0062] In an embodiment of the present application, the first aperture adjusting mechanism comprises:

[0063] A first rack 121 is fixedly connected on the first sliding ring 53;

[0064] The first shaft 122 is rotatably connected in the first cavity 51, and the first gear 123 is fixedly connected on the first shaft 122, the first gear 123 is engaged with the first rack 121, the first helical groove 124 is formed on the first shaft 122, the first helical groove 124 is slidably connected with the first sliding block, the first sliding block is fixedly connected with the first push block 125, and the first push block 125 is fixedly connected with the first cavity 51.

[0065] When the first memory metal 126 reaches the deformation temperature (i.e. the ignition temperature), it is unfolded, thereby pushing the first push block 125 to slide along the first shaft 122, the first shaft 122 is rotated through the cooperation of the first sliding block and the first helical groove 124, the first sliding ring 53 is rotated through the cooperation of the first gear 123 on the first shaft 122 and the first rack 121, and the opening degree of the first air vent 9 is adjusted.

[0066] In an embodiment of the present application, the first sliding ring 53 is provided with a first long water hole 81, the top surface and the bottom surface of the first embedded groove 52 are respectively communicated with a first top water hole 82 and a first bottom water hole 83, and the first top water hole 82, the first long water hole 81 and the first bottom water hole 83 form the water inlet 8 from top to bottom.

[0067] When the first sliding ring 53 rotates, because the length of the first long water hole 81 is greater than that of the first top water hole 82 and the first bottom water hole 83, the water inlet 8 still maintains communication with the battery assembly bin 3 after the first air vent 9 is closed.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present application, the smoke exhaust mechanism 7 comprises a long smoke hole 71 formed on the first sliding ring 53, and a top smoke hole 72 and a bottom smoke hole 73 communicated on the top surface and the bottom surface of the first embedded groove 52, the top smoke hole 72, the long smoke hole 71 and the bottom smoke hole 73 form a smoke gas passage hole from top to bottom, the rotating rod 74 is rotatably connected in the smoke gas passage hole, the rotating rod 74 is fixedly connected with a plurality of smoke exhaust blades 75 on the top end and extends out of the smoke gas passage hole, and the rotating rod 74 is fixedly connected with a plurality of water flow deflectors 76 on the bottom end and extends into the battery assembly bin 3, and the water flow deflectors 76 are resisted by the water flow in the battery assembly bin 3. The helical blade 13 is fixedly connected in the battery assembly bin 3, the helical blade 13 is arranged outside the lithium battery body 4, and the plurality of water flow deflectors 76 are located above any stage of the helical blade 13.

[0069] After the first sliding ring 53 rotates, the size of the long cigarette hole 71 is larger than the top cigarette hole 72 and the bottom cigarette hole 73, so that the smoke passage is kept unobstructed. After the fire extinguishing liquid enters the battery assembly bin 3 through the water inlet 8, it flows along the spiral blade 13, increases the contact time with the lithium battery body 4, improves the extinguishing effect, and at the same time, the fire extinguishing liquid contacts the water flow push piece 76 and pushes the rotating rod 74 to rotate, thereby driving the smoke exhaust blade 75 to rotate, so that the smoke in the battery assembly bin 3 can be quickly discharged through the smoke passage.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present application, the water circulation mechanism comprises:

[0071] The water tank 141 is arranged in the battery box 1.

[0072] The first water pump 142 has an inlet connected to the water tank 141, and an outlet connected to the spray pipe 143. The spray pipe 143 is fixedly connected with a plurality of spray heads 144, and the plurality of spray heads 144 are directed to the plurality of water inlets 8.

[0073] The second water pump 145 has an inlet connected to the water guide pipe 146, and the water guide pipe 146 is connected to the plurality of water outlets 10. The outlet of the second water pump 145 is connected to the water tank 141.

[0074] The first water pump 142, the spray pipe 143 and the spray head 144 spray the fire extinguishing liquid to the water inlet 8, and the second water pump 145 and the water guide pipe 146 return the liquid to the water tank 141 to realize the recycling of the fire extinguishing liquid.

[0075] In one embodiment of the present application, the second cavity 61 is arranged in the drain seat 6, the second embedded groove 62 is arranged in the sidewall of the second cavity 61 in a circumferential direction, the second sliding ring 63 is slidingly fitted in the second embedded groove 62, a plurality of second adjusting holes 111 are arranged in the second sliding ring 63 in a circumferential direction, a plurality of second top air holes 112 and a plurality of second bottom air holes 113 are respectively communicated with the top surface and the bottom surface of the second embedded groove 62, the second top air holes 112, the second adjusting holes 111 and the second bottom air holes 113 correspond to each other from top to bottom to form a plurality of second air vents 11, and the second aperture adjusting mechanism is used for driving the second sliding ring 63 to rotate. The second aperture adjusting mechanism comprises: the second rack 151 is fixedly connected to the second sliding ring 63; the second shaft rod 152 is rotatably connected in the second cavity 61, the second shaft rod 152 is fixedly connected with the second gear 153, the second gear 153 is engaged with the second rack 151, the second spiral groove 154 is arranged in the second shaft rod 152, the second sliding block is slidingly fitted in the second spiral groove 154, the second sliding block is fixedly connected with the second push block 155, and a plurality of second memory metals 156 are fixedly connected between the second push block 155 and the second cavity 61. The second long strip water hole 101 is arranged in the second sliding ring 63, the second top water hole 102 and the second bottom water hole 103 are respectively communicated with the top surface and the bottom surface of the second embedded groove 62, and the second top water hole 102, the second long strip water hole 101 and the second bottom water hole 103 correspond to each other from top to bottom to form the drain port 10.

[0076] The opening and closing degree adjusting mode of the second air vent 11 on the drain seat 6 is the same as the adjusting principle of the first air vent 9 on the water inlet seat 5, and details are not described herein.

[0077] Further, the cover plate is detachably connected to the battery box 1 by bolts, a plurality of heat dissipation openings are arranged on the cover plate, and the cover plate is used for heat dissipation and smoke exhaust.

[0078] Further, the water inlet seat 5 is detachably connected with the battery holder 2 by bolts, and the lithium battery body 4 is convenient to disassemble and assemble.

[0079] Further, the top surface of the water inlet seat 5 and the top surface of the battery holder 2 are located in the same plane, and water is prevented from being stored on the top surface of the installation holder 2.

[0080] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0081] The above described embodiments are only to illustrate the preferred modes of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any modification and improvement made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present application without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A lithium battery box with automatic fire extinguishing explosion-proof function, characterized in that, Include: Battery box (1); Battery rack (2) is fixedly connected in the battery box (1), a plurality of battery assembly warehouses (3) are arranged on the battery rack (2), the battery assembly warehouse (3) is used for placing lithium battery body (4), the top end and the bottom end of the battery assembly warehouse (3) are respectively provided with water inlet seat (5) and drainage seat (6), the water inlet seat (5) is provided with smoke exhaust mechanism (7), water inlet (8), a plurality of first air vents (9) and first aperture adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening degree of a plurality of first air vents (9), the drainage seat (6) is provided with drainage outlet (10), a plurality of second air vents (11) and second aperture adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening degree of a plurality of second air vents (11); Water circulation mechanism is communicated with a plurality of water inlets (8) and a plurality of drainage outlets (10) respectively; The first cavity (51) is formed in the water inlet seat (5), the first cavity (51) is circumferentially provided with a first embedded groove (52) on the side wall, the first embedded groove (52) is slidably connected with a first sliding ring (53), a plurality of first adjusting holes (91) are circumferentially formed on the first sliding ring (53), the top surface and the bottom surface of the first embedded groove (52) are respectively communicated with a plurality of first top air holes (92) and a plurality of first bottom air holes (93), a plurality of first top air holes (92), a plurality of first adjusting holes (91) and a plurality of first bottom air holes (93) are correspondingly formed a plurality of first air vents (9) from top to bottom, and the first aperture adjusting mechanism is used for driving the first sliding ring (53) to rotate; The first aperture adjusting mechanism comprises: First rack (121) is fixedly connected on the first sliding ring (53); First shaft (122) is rotatably connected in the first cavity (51), the first shaft (122) is fixedly connected with first gear (123), the first gear (123) is engaged with the first rack (121), the first shaft (122) is provided with first helical groove (124), the first helical groove (124) is slidably connected with first sliding block, the first sliding block is fixedly connected with first push block (125), and a plurality of first memory metals (126) are fixedly connected between the first push block (125) and the first cavity (51) The smoke exhaust mechanism (7) comprises a long strip smoke hole (71) formed on the first sliding ring (53), and a top smoke hole (72) and a bottom smoke hole (73) communicated on the top surface and the bottom surface of the first fitting groove (52), the top smoke hole (72), the long strip smoke hole (71) and the bottom smoke hole (73) form a smoke gas through hole from top to bottom, a rotating rod (74) is rotatably connected in the smoke gas through hole, the top end of the rotating rod (74) extends out of the smoke gas through hole and is fixedly connected with a plurality of smoke exhaust blades (75) in the circumferential direction, and the bottom end of the rotating rod (74) extends into the battery assembly bin (3) and is fixedly connected with a plurality of water flow deflectors (76) in the circumferential direction, the water flow deflectors (76) are opposite to the water flow in the battery assembly bin (3); The second cavity (61) is formed in the drain seat (6), a second fitting groove (62) is formed in the side wall of the second cavity (61) in the circumferential direction, a second sliding ring (63) is slidably fitted in the second fitting groove (62), a plurality of second adjusting holes (111) are formed in the circumferential direction of the second sliding ring (63), a plurality of second top air holes (112) and a plurality of second bottom air holes (113) are respectively communicated on the top surface and the bottom surface of the second fitting groove (62), and the second top air holes (112), the second adjusting holes (111) and the second bottom air holes (113) correspond to each other from top to bottom to form a plurality of second air ports (11), and the second aperture adjusting mechanism is used for driving the second sliding ring (63) to rotate. The second aperture adjusting mechanism comprises: A second rack (151) is fixedly connected to the second sliding ring (63); A second shaft rod (152) is rotatably connected in the second cavity (61), a second gear (153) is fixedly connected to the second shaft rod (152), the second gear (153) is engaged with the second rack (151), a second spiral groove (154) is formed in the second shaft rod (152), a second sliding block is slidably fitted in the second spiral groove (154), a second push block (155) is fixedly connected to the second sliding block, and a plurality of second memory metals (156) are fixedly connected between the second push block (155) and the second cavity (61).

2. The lithium battery box with automatic fire extinguishing and explosion-proof function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first long strip water hole (81) is formed in the first sliding ring (53), a first top water hole (82) and a first bottom water hole (83) are respectively communicated on the top surface and the bottom surface of the first fitting groove (52), and the first top water hole (82), the first long strip water hole (81) and the first bottom water hole (83) correspond to each other from top to bottom to form the water inlet (8).

3. The lithium battery box with automatic fire extinguishing and explosion-proof function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A spiral blade (13) is fixedly connected in the battery assembly bin (3), the spiral blade (13) is arranged outside the lithium battery body (4), and a plurality of water flow deflectors (76) are located above any stage of the spiral blade (13).

4. The lithium battery box with automatic fire extinguishing and explosion-proof function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water circulation mechanism comprises: A water tank (141) is arranged in the battery box (1). A first water pump (142) is communicated with the water tank (141) at the inlet, and a spray pipe (143) is communicated with the outlet of the first water pump (142), a plurality of spray heads (144) are fixedly connected to the spray pipe (143), and the plurality of spray heads (144) are one by one oriented to the plurality of water inlets (8); A second water pump (145) is communicated with a water guide pipe (146) at the inlet, the water guide pipe (146) is communicated with the plurality of water outlets (10), and the outlet of the second water pump (145) is communicated with the water tank (141).

5. The lithium battery box with automatic fire extinguishing and explosion-proof function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second long strip water hole (101) is arranged on the second sliding ring (63), a second top water hole (102) and a second bottom water hole (103) are respectively communicated with the top surface and the bottom surface of the second embedded groove (62), and the second top water hole (102), the second long strip water hole (101) and the second bottom water hole (103) are one by one correspondingly formed into the water outlet (10) from top to bottom.

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