Fish habitat ecological monitoring device and monitoring method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fish habitat ecological monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof.The device comprises a shell, a sensor cluster, a sealing assembly and a power generation assembly, the sensor cluster is arranged on the shell, a fish inlet is formed in one end of the shell, a bottom cylinder, a detection assembly and the sealing assembly are arranged in the shell, and the power generation assembly is connected with the shell; the sensor cluster and the detection assembly are electrically connected with the power generation assembly. The detection assembly can detect roes laid by female individuals in a target fish school, continuously shoot the fishes in the spawning period to store sufficient data for analyzing the overall condition of the fish school, and can also analyze the state of the roes laid by the fishes to assist in judging the population state. Fish spawns under the protection of the shell, and the spawns are stored in the collecting tank and can be conveniently taken out for research subsequently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of water conservancy and hydropower ecological protection and fishery resource protection, and particularly relates to a fish habitat ecological monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The ecological monitoring of fish habitats is to evaluate and monitor the ecological status of fish habitats through a systematic method. Through long-term monitoring and data analysis, it can provide a scientific basis for habitat protection and management to ensure the sustainable utilization of fish resources; the monitoring data range of fish habitats mainly includes aspects such as water quality, topography, biodiversity, and environmental pressure.

[0003] However, most of the existing fish habitat ecological monitoring devices only monitor the natural environment where fish inhabit, lacking the monitoring and judgment function for the population of the monitoring objects themselves. Manual fishing is required for separate combination with environmental data for comprehensive judgment. Most fish habitats are located in remote mountain rivers with inconvenient transportation, reducing the timeliness of habitat monitoring. Moreover, the monitoring of fish habitat effects and their reproduction requires synchronous monitoring of biological and abiotic factors to analyze the response relationship of key fish ecological processes to conditions such as hydrological regimes. The traditional method is manual fishing combined with on-site measurement of hydrological parameters, with low accuracy, difficult to achieve synchronous observation and investigation, cumbersome operation, serious lag, and difficult to obtain long-term monitoring data. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can realize real-time automatic monitoring of fish spawning behavior and its response relationship with physical factors such as water temperature and hydrological processes.

[0004] The patent document with the publication number CN218456449U discloses a fish spawning monitoring device in the waters around a pumped-storage power station, which obtains the hydrological and hydrodynamic information of the corresponding area through the hydrodynamic sensing device in the device, and collects and counts fish eggs through the set egg collection device. However, this device cannot obtain image data of the fish spawning process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a fish habitat ecological monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof, which can solve the technical problems of integrating the requirements of automatic monitoring, transmission, recording, etc. of elements such as water quality, fish, hydrology, hydrodynamic force, and river cross-section in a fixed device, and at the same time having an independent power supply function to realize real-time, long-term synchronous automatic monitoring and data transmission of habitat biological and environmental elements, and providing a scientific basis for the evaluation of fish habitat protection effects and the continuous restoration of habitats.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0007] An ecological monitoring device for fish habitats provided by the present invention includes a housing, a sensor cluster, a sealing component, and a power generation component. The sensor cluster is arranged on the housing. An inlet for fish is arranged at one end of the housing. A bottom cylinder, a detection component, and a sealing component are arranged inside the housing. The power generation component is connected to the housing, and the sensor cluster and the detection component are respectively electrically connected to the power generation component.

[0008] Preferably, the sealing component includes a plurality of fixing plates and sector blocks arranged inside the fish inlet. One sector block is rotatably clamped on one side of each fixing plate. A seam is arranged between each adjacent sector block. One end of the sector block away from the fish inlet is fixedly connected to an end block.

[0009] Preferably, an elastic sleeve is commonly penetrated through all the end blocks. An elastic rope is penetrated through the elastic sleeve. A fixing ring is arranged at one end of the elastic rope, and the free end of the elastic rope is penetrated through the fixing ring.

[0010] Preferably, the detection component includes a detection cylinder and a collection tank. The detection cylinder is arranged on the inner top wall of the housing. A camera is arranged inside the detection cylinder. A through hole is opened on the inner bottom wall of the housing. The bottom cylinder is arranged at the bottom end of the through hole and is communicated with the through hole. A collection tank is arranged at the top end of the bottom cylinder. A support arm is arranged inside the bottom cylinder, and a guide wheel is arranged at the free end of the support arm.

[0011] Preferably, gravel and an adhesion matrix are laid on the collection tank. A fish attracting and spawning agent is laid in the adhesion matrix. A floating plate is arranged at the bottom end of the collection tank. A traction rope is connected to the bottom end of the collection tank. A controller is arranged outside the housing. The traction rope is clamped outside the guide wheel and is slidably connected, and the traction rope is clamped and slidably connected inside the controller.

[0012] Preferably, a pair of orientation plates are arranged inside the housing. The two orientation plates cover the outside of the collection tank. A clamping block is arranged on the outside of the collection tank. The collection tank is slidably connected to a card slot opened on the orientation plate through the clamping block. A baffle is arranged at the top end of the orientation plate.

[0013] Preferably, the power generation component includes a waterproof photovoltaic panel and a generator. The waterproof photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the generator. The waterproof photovoltaic panel is connected to the top end of the housing through a folding component. The folding component includes two connecting seats and a plurality of connecting arms. One connecting seat is hinged to the top end of the housing. The two connecting seats are connected through a plurality of connecting arms. The connecting seat not hinged to the housing is hinged to the waterproof photovoltaic panel. Adjacent connecting arms are hinged through a connecting block. The connecting arms are driven by a power system.

[0014] Preferably, a positioning block is arranged on one side of the connecting arm directly connected to the connecting seat hinged to the waterproof photovoltaic panel. A protective plate is arranged on one side of the connecting arm. The protective plate is connected to the top end of the housing.

[0015] Side blocks are provided on the outer shell, a limiting frame is slidably clamped on the side blocks, one end of the hinge joint between the waterproof photovoltaic panel and the connecting seat is eccentrically rotatably clamped with a slider, and the slider is slidably clamped in the limiting frame.

[0016] Preferably, a filter plate is provided at one end of the outer shell, an impeller is provided inside the filter plate, the impeller is coaxially connected with a generator, the generator is arranged inside the outer shell, a storage box is provided at the bottom end of the outer shell, a connecting chain is arranged inside the storage box, one end of the connecting chain is connected with an anchor, and the anchor is clamped at the bottom end of the outer shell.

[0017] A monitoring method for a fish habitat ecological monitoring device includes the following steps:

[0018] After the device is put into the fish habitat, when monitoring that fish enter the spawning period and pass by this device, when a female individual is attracted by the fish-attracting spawning agent and enters the collection tank of the outer shell through the fish inlet to lay eggs, the camera in the detection cylinder records the spawning image, the sensor cluster monitors the spawning behavior, the controller pulls the towing rope, and the towing rope pulls the elastic rope connected to one end of it. At this time, the elastic rope will gradually tighten the elastic sleeve commonly penetrated in the end block, so that all the fan-shaped blocks rotate along the fixed plate arranged on the inner side of the fish inlet to close the fish inlet and prevent other organisms from interfering with spawning.

[0019] At the same time, the other end of the towing rope is relaxed, the towing rope moves along the guide wheel, and the collection tank connected to the other end of the towing rope moves upward along the orientation plate under the buoyancy of the floating plate to open the through hole connected to the top end of the bottom cylinder to help the female fish swim out of the outer shell.

[0020] When the collection tank moves upward and touches the baffle, the detection cylinder starts and analyzes the fish eggs on the collection tank, comprehensively analyzes the population state in combination with the image data during the spawning process of the female fish and transmits it back to the data center to realize the real-time monitoring of the fish habitat and the fish spawning behavior.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] The detection component of the present invention can detect the fish eggs produced by female individuals in the target fish group, and at the same time continuously photograph the fish during the spawning period to retain sufficient data for analyzing the overall situation of the fish group. The detection component can also analyze the state of the fish eggs produced by the fish to assist in judging the population state. The fish spawns under the protection of the outer shell, and the produced eggs are stored in the collection tank, which is convenient for subsequent removal and research.

[0023] The folding component of the present invention can store the waterproof photovoltaic panel to avoid excessive resistance area caused by the long-term deployment of the waterproof photovoltaic panel, which increases the energy consumption of the device. The sensor cluster integrates water temperature, flow rate, and water quality sensors. At the same time, the sensor cluster also synchronously integrates a wireless transmission module, which can transmit the monitoring data of the sensors back, and can also transmit the data collected by the detection component to comprehensively analyze the fish population. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure after sectioning of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged schematic diagram of area A in

[0027] Figure 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the structure after sectioning of some components of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the folding component of the present invention is fully deployed;

[0029] In the figure: 1, limit frame; 2, guard plate; 3, slider; 4, waterproof photovoltaic panel; 5, outer shell; 6, sensor cluster; 7, anchor; 8, storage box; 9, bottom cylinder; 10, fish inlet; 11, towing rope; 12, fixing plate; 13, controller; 14, filter plate; 15, impeller; 16, collection tank; 17, floating plate; 18, support arm; 181, pulley; 19, connecting block; 20, side block; 21, guiding plate; 22, connecting arm; 23, positioning block; 24, connecting seat; 25, detection cylinder; 26, baffle; 27, card slot; 28, sector block; 29, seam; 30, elastic sleeve; 31, elastic rope; 32, end block; 33, fixing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0031] Embodiment:

[0032] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a fish habitat ecological monitoring device includes an outer shell 5, a sensor cluster 6, a sealing component, and a power generation component. The sensor cluster 6 is arranged on the outer shell 5. An inlet 10 for fish is arranged at one end of the outer shell 5. A bottom cylinder 9, a detection component, and a sealing component are arranged inside the outer shell 5. The power generation component is connected to the outer shell 5. The sensor cluster 6 and the detection component are respectively electrically connected to the generator of the power generation component.

[0033] The sensor cluster 6 is integrated with water temperature, flow rate, and water quality sensors. At the same time, a wireless transmission module is also synchronously integrated in the sensor cluster.

[0034] The sealing assembly includes multiple fixing plates 12 and sector blocks 28 arranged inside the fish inlet 10. One sector block 28 is rotatably clamped on one side of each fixing plate 12. A seam 29 is provided between each adjacent sector block 28 to facilitate the unfolding of the sector block 28. A number of end blocks 32 are fixedly connected to the end of the sector block 28 away from the fish inlet 10.

[0035] An elastic sleeve 30 is commonly passed through all the end blocks 32. An elastic cord 31 is passed through the elastic sleeve 30. A fixing ring 33 is provided at one end of the elastic cord 31. The free end of the elastic cord 31 is passed through the fixing ring 33 so that both ends of the elastic cord 31 are connected through the fixing ring 33, and the elastic cord 31 is arranged in a ring shape.

[0036] The detection assembly includes a detection cylinder 25 and a collection trough 16. The detection cylinder 25 is arranged on the inner top wall of the housing 5. A camera is arranged inside the detection cylinder 25. A through hole is opened on the inner bottom wall of the housing 5. The bottom cylinder 9 is arranged at the bottom end of the through hole, and the bottom cylinder 9 is communicated with the through hole. A collection trough 16 is arranged at the top end of the bottom cylinder 9. A support arm 18 is arranged inside the bottom cylinder 9, and a guide wheel 181 is arranged at the free end of the support arm 18.

[0037] Gravel and adhesion matrix are laid on the collection trough 16 to facilitate fish spawning. The adhesion matrix includes cattail, palm fiber, fern, willow root, hornwort, water sprite, nylon net, and plastic wire. An oviposition-inducing agent is laid in the adhesion matrix, and the oviposition-inducing agent needs to be selected according to the variety of fish groups to be monitored and the habitat environment of the fish groups. A number of floating plates 17 are arranged at the bottom end of the collection trough 16. A traction rope 11 is connected to the bottom end of the collection trough 16. A controller 13 is arranged outside the housing 5. The controller 13 is electrically connected to the generator and the sensor cluster 6 respectively. The traction rope 11 is clamped outside the guide wheel 181 and is slidably connected. One end of the traction rope 11 is connected to the elastic cord 31, and the traction rope 11 is clamped and slidably connected inside the controller 13.

[0038] A pair of orientation plates 21 are arranged inside the housing 5. The two orientation plates 21 cover the outside of the collection trough 16. A clamping block is arranged on the outside of the collection trough 16. The collection trough 16 is slidably connected to the card slots 27 opened on the orientation plates 21 through the clamping block, so that the collection trough 16 is clamped between the two orientation plates 21. A baffle 26 is arranged at the top end of the orientation plate 21. The baffle 26 is arranged horizontally to limit the collection trough 16.

[0039] The power generation assembly includes a waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 and a generator. The waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 is electrically connected to the generator, and the generator can be connected to a storage battery for storing excess power. The waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 is connected to the top of the housing 5 through a folding assembly. The folding assembly includes two connecting seats 24 and a plurality of connecting arms 22. One of the connecting seats 24 is hinged to the top of the housing 5, and the two connecting seats 24 are connected by a plurality of connecting arms 22. The top of the connecting seat 24 not hinged to the housing 5 is hinged to the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4. Adjacent connecting arms 22 are hinged by a connecting block 19. The connecting arms 22 are driven by a power system, which can be a motor, to rotate the connecting arms 22. The power system is electrically connected to the generator.

[0040] On one side of the connecting arm 22 directly connected to the connecting seat 24 hinged to the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4, a pair of positioning blocks 23 connected by an elastic member are provided. A plurality of protective plates 2 are arranged in the plane where the connecting arm 22 is located. The protective plates 2 are connected to the top of the housing 5 for protecting the connecting arm 22.

[0041] A side block 20 is provided on the outer side of the housing 5. A limiting frame 1 is slidably clamped on the side block 20. One end of the hinge between the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 and the connecting seat 24 is eccentrically rotated and clamped with a slider 3. The slider 3 is slidably clamped in the limiting frame 1.

[0042] A filter plate 14 is provided at one end of the housing 5 where the fish inlet 10 is not opened to prevent sundries from entering the housing 5. An impeller 15 is provided inside the filter plate 14. The impeller 15 is coaxially connected to a generator. The generator is arranged inside the housing 5. A storage box 8 is provided at the bottom of the housing 5. A connecting chain is arranged inside the storage box 8. One end of the connecting chain is connected to an anchor 7, and the anchor 7 is clamped at the bottom of the housing 5.

[0043] A monitoring method for a fish habitat ecological monitoring device includes the following steps:

[0044] The detection component can detect the fish eggs produced by female individuals in the target fish group. At the same time, during the spawning period, the fish is continuously photographed to retain sufficient data for analyzing the overall situation of the fish group. The detection component can also analyze the state of the fish eggs produced by the fish to assist in judging the population state. After the device is put into the fish habitat, when monitoring the fish passing by the device during the spawning period, when a female individual is attracted by the fish-attracting spawning agent and enters the collection tank 16 of the housing 5 through the fish inlet 10 to lay eggs, the camera in the detection cylinder 25 records the spawning image, and the sensor cluster 6 monitors the spawning behavior, causing the controller 13 to pull the towing rope 11, and the towing rope 11 pulls the elastic rope 31 connected to one end of it. At this time, the elastic rope 31 will gradually tighten the elastic sleeve 30 commonly penetrated in the end block 32, causing all the fan-shaped blocks 28 to rotate along the fixing plate 12 arranged inside the fish inlet 10, gradually closing the fish inlet 10 to prevent other organisms from interfering with spawning.

[0045] Meanwhile, the other end of the towing rope 11 is relaxed, and the towing rope 11 moves along the guide pulley 181. The collection tank 16 connected to the other end of the towing rope 11 gradually moves upward along the orientation plate 21 under the buoyancy of the floating plate 17 to open the through hole connected to the top end of the bottom cylinder 9 to help the female fish swim outside the housing 5.

[0046] When the collection tank 16 moves upward and touches the baffle 26 provided at the top end of the orientation plate 21, the detection cylinder 25 is activated to analyze the fish eggs on the collection tank 16, and the population state is comprehensively analyzed in combination with the image data during the spawning process of the female fish and transmitted back to the data center to realize real-time monitoring of the fish habitat and the fish spawning behavior.

[0047] In the present invention, the folding assembly provided can store the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 to avoid the excessive resistance area brought by the long-term unfolding of the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 to increase the energy consumption of the device. The water flow entering the housing 5 through the fish inlet 10 will drive the impeller 15 to rotate, so that the generator generates electricity. When there is good lighting during the day, the limiting frame 1 will slide horizontally along the side block 20, causing the connecting seat 24 hinged to the housing 5 to rotate along its axis. At the same time, since the slider 3 eccentrically rotated and clamped at one end of the hinged joint between the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 and the connecting seat 24 is clamped in the limiting frame 1, the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 will always remain horizontal during the rotation. If it is not necessary for all the connecting arms 22 to rotate to the vertical direction, when all the connecting arms 22 except the top pair rotate to the vertical direction, a pair of positioning blocks 23 connected by springs provided on one side of the top connecting arm 22 can be inserted into a pair of fixing grooves provided at the bottom end of the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4. After assisting the limiting frame 1 to lock the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 in the horizontal direction, the power system is started to fully expand the connecting arms 22, and the waterproof photovoltaic panel 4 can be moved up to a height out of the water surface for power generation.

Claims

1. An ecological monitoring device for fish habitats, characterized in that: It includes a housing (5), a sensor cluster (6), a sealing assembly, and a power generation assembly. The sensor cluster (6) is arranged on the housing (5). An inlet for fish (10) is arranged at one end of the housing (5). A bottom cylinder (9), a detection assembly, and a sealing assembly are arranged inside the housing (5). The power generation assembly is connected to the housing (5), and the sensor cluster (6) and the detection assembly are electrically connected to the power generation assembly respectively.

2. The ecological monitoring device for fish habitats according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly includes multiple fixed plates (12) and sector blocks (28) arranged inside the inlet for fish (10). One sector block (28) is rotatably clamped on one side of each fixed plate (12). A seam (29) is arranged between each adjacent sector block (28). One end of the sector block (28) far from the inlet for fish (10) is fixedly connected to an end block (32).

3. The ecological monitoring device for fish habitats according to claim 2, characterized in that: An elastic sleeve (30) is commonly penetrated through all the end blocks (32). An elastic rope (31) is penetrated through the elastic sleeve (30). A fixed ring (33) is arranged at one end of the elastic rope (31), and the free end of the elastic rope (31) is penetrated through the fixed ring (33).

4. The ecological monitoring device for fish habitats according to claim 1, wherein: The detection assembly includes a detection cylinder (25) and a collection groove (16). The detection cylinder (25) is arranged on the inner top wall of the housing (5). A camera is arranged inside the detection cylinder (25). A through hole is opened on the inner bottom wall of the housing (5). The bottom cylinder (9) is arranged at the bottom end of the through hole, and the bottom cylinder (9) communicates with the through hole. A collection groove (16) is arranged at the top end of the bottom cylinder (9). A support arm (18) is arranged inside the bottom cylinder (9), and a guide wheel (181) is arranged at the free end of the support arm (18).

5. The ecological monitoring device for fish habitats according to claim 4, characterized in that: Gravel and an adhesion matrix are laid on the collection groove (16). A fish-attracting and spawning agent is laid in the adhesion matrix. A floating plate (17) is arranged at the bottom end of the collection groove (16). A towing rope (11) is connected to the bottom end of the collection groove (16). A controller (13) is arranged outside the housing (5). The towing rope (11) is clamped outside the guide wheel (181) and is in sliding connection, and the towing rope (11) is clamped inside the controller (13) and is in sliding connection.

6. The ecological monitoring device for fish habitats according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pair of orientation plates (21) are arranged inside the housing (5). The two orientation plates (21) cover the outside of the collection groove (16). A clamping block is arranged outside the collection groove (16). The collection groove (16) is in sliding connection with a clamping groove (27) opened on the orientation plate (21) through the clamping block. A baffle (26) is arranged at the top end of the orientation plate (21).

7. The ecological monitoring device for fish habitats according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation assembly includes a waterproof photovoltaic panel (4) and a generator. The waterproof photovoltaic panel (4) is electrically connected to the generator. The waterproof photovoltaic panel (4) is connected to the top end of the housing (5) through a folding assembly. The folding assembly includes two connection seats (24) and several connection arms (22). One connection seat (24) is hinged to the top end of the housing (5). The two connection seats (24) are connected by several connection arms (22). The connection seat (24) not hinged to the housing (5) is hinged to the waterproof photovoltaic panel (4). Adjacent connection arms (22) are hinged through a connection block (19). The connection arms (22) are driven by a power system.

8. The ecological monitoring device for fish habitats according to claim 7, characterized in that: On one side of the connecting arm (22) directly connected to the connecting seat (24) hinged to the waterproof photovoltaic panel (4), a positioning block (23) is provided. On one side of the connecting arm (22), a protective plate (2) is provided, and the protective plate (2) is connected to the top end of the outer shell (5). On the outer shell (5), a side block (20) is provided, and a limit frame (1) is slidably clamped on the side block (20). At one end of the hinge joint between the waterproof photovoltaic panel (4) and the connecting seat (24), a slider (3) is eccentrically rotatably clamped, and the slider (3) is slidably clamped in the limit frame (1).

9. The ecological monitoring device for fish habitats according to claim 7, characterized in that: At one end of the outer shell (5), a filter plate (14) is provided. Inside the filter plate (14), an impeller (15) is provided. The impeller (15) is coaxially connected to a generator, and the generator is arranged inside the outer shell (5). At the bottom end of the outer shell (5), a storage box (8) is provided. Inside the storage box (8), a connecting chain is provided. One end of the connecting chain is connected to an anchor (7), and the anchor (7) is clamped at the bottom end of the outer shell (5).

10. A monitoring method for the monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: After the device is placed in the fish habitat, when monitoring that fish enter the spawning period and pass by this device, when a female individual is attracted by the fish-attracting spawning agent and enters the collection tank (16) of the outer shell (5) through the fish inlet (10) to lay eggs, the camera in the detection cylinder (25) records the spawning image, and the sensor cluster (6) monitors the spawning behavior, causing the controller (13) to pull the traction rope (11), and the traction rope (11) pulls the elastic rope (31) connected to one end of it. At this time, the elastic rope (31) will gradually tighten the elastic sleeve (30) commonly penetrated in the end block (32), causing all the sector blocks (28) to rotate along the fixed plate (12) arranged inside the fish inlet (10) to close the fish inlet (10) and prevent other organisms from interfering with spawning; At the same time, the other end of the traction rope (11) is relaxed, and the traction rope (11) moves along the guide wheel (181). The collection tank (16) connected to the other end of the traction rope (11) moves upward along the orientation plate (21) under the buoyancy of the floating plate (17) to open the through hole connected to the top end of the bottom cylinder (9) to help the female fish swim out of the outer shell (5); When the collection tank (16) moves upward and touches the baffle (26), the detection cylinder (25) starts and analyzes the fish eggs on the collection tank (16), comprehensively analyzes the population status in combination with the image data during the spawning process of the female fish, and transmits it back to the data center to realize the real-time monitoring of the fish habitat and the fish spawning behavior.

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