A flue gas modified saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system and test method

Abstract

The present application relates to ecological environment simulation and saline-alkali soil improvement technical field, specifically to a flue gas improved saline-alkali soil vegetation ecological simulation test system and test method, including saline-alkali soil simulation test box, for placing multilayer soil; flue gas and atmosphere supply and control device, the flue gas and atmosphere supply and control device are communicated with saline-alkali soil simulation test box, for providing gas and recording and controlling the flow of gas passing through; nutrient solution and water supply device, the nutrient solution and water supply device are communicated saline-alkali soil simulation test box, for irrigation operation; environmental control and monitoring system, the environmental control and monitoring system are used for adjusting and controlling the simulated sunlight and temperature of saline-alkali soil simulation test box, the present application can simulate different natural state environmental conditions in saline-alkali soil simulation test box, so as to provide controllable, accurate suitable conditions under different states simulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment simulation and saline-alkali land improvement, in particular to a flue gas improved saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system and test method. Background Art

[0002] Amidst the ongoing global wave of industrial upgrading, the release of harmful gases from industrial production activities has become increasingly prominent, becoming a crucial issue in environmental protection. In recent years, with the continued expansion of manufacturing industries worldwide, pollutants emitted by various production facilities have not only posed a significant challenge to air quality, but also posed a significant challenge to air quality. Recent research indicates that the interaction mechanisms between specific chemical components in industrial emissions and saline-alkali soils have become a growing focus of environmental science. Experimental results suggest that complex pollutants, including sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, and metal oxide particles, may alter the physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soils through multiple mechanisms. This chemical-physical synergistic effect, in particular, has a nonlinear impact on the germination rate and biomass accumulation of salt-tolerant vegetation in arid and semi-arid regions. However, in-depth, systematic, and precise research on the mechanisms and effects of flue gas on saline-alkali soils is lacking, and effective methods for simulating the interaction between flue gas and saline-alkali vegetation under controlled conditions are lacking. Existing research largely relies on theoretical speculation or simple field observations, making it difficult to precisely quantify the specific effects of flue gas components on the physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soils, vegetation growth, and physiological and ecological characteristics.

[0003] In recent years, global research on saline-alkali land remediation has shown new trends. The use of coal flue gas desulfurization byproducts to improve saline-alkali soils continues to attract attention. Desulfurization waste has found new applications in the construction and agricultural industries, including the use of flue gas desulfurization gypsum to improve alkaline soils in arid regions. Pot and field trials have confirmed the effectiveness of flue gas desulfurization gypsum in improving alkaline soils in arid regions, including flushing quotas and application techniques. However, detailed reports on ecological simulation test systems specifically for flue gas desulfurization of saline-alkali land vegetation have yet to be released.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an experimental system that can simulate the real environmental conditions to improve the vegetation ecology of saline-alkali land with flue gas, so as to deeply explore the feasibility and optimization strategy of flue gas improvement of saline-alkali land, which has important practical significance for alleviating land resource pressure, promoting agricultural development and maintaining ecological balance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to achieve the simultaneous simulation of the improvement of saline-alkali land and the growth of vegetation under natural ecological conditions, the present invention conducts a coupled study on the saline-alkali land improvement effect and the changes in parameters such as temperature, humidity, and pH during gas transportation under different natural environmental conditions, and provides a flue gas improvement saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system and test method.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a flue gas improvement saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system, comprising:

[0007] Saline-alkali land simulation test box, used to place multiple layers of soil;

[0008] A flue gas and atmosphere supply and control device, which is connected to the saline-alkali land simulation test box and is used to provide gas and record and control the flow rate of the gas;

[0009] A nutrient solution and water supply device, the nutrient solution and water supply device being connected to the saline-alkali land simulation test box for performing irrigation operations;

[0010] An environmental control and monitoring system is provided, which is used to regulate the simulated sunlight and temperature of a saline-alkali land simulation test box.

[0011] In some embodiments, the saline-alkali land simulation test box includes:

[0012] A test cylindrical box, wherein a transparent spherical shell is provided on the top of the test cylindrical box, and multiple layers of soil are provided inside the test cylindrical box for growing plants;

[0013] A porous baffle and a soil access facility with double doors are installed at the bottom of the test cylindrical box.

[0014] In some embodiments, the flue gas and atmosphere supply and control device comprises:

[0015] three gas storage bottles;

[0016] The first gas storage bottle is connected to the smoke source simulation facility through a dynamic pressure valve controller and a mass flow meter in sequence, and the smoke source simulation facility transmits smoke to the test cylindrical box through a smoke inlet and delivery pipe;

[0017] The second gas storage bottle delivery pipe is connected to the transparent spherical shell, and the delivery pipe is provided with a dynamic pressure valve controller, a mass flow meter and a gaseous shut-off valve;

[0018] The third gas storage bottle is connected to the bottom of the test cylindrical box through a dynamic pressure valve regulator.

[0019] In some embodiments, the smoke inlet duct comprises:

[0020] Main road;

[0021] Two main branch pipes and multiple secondary branch pipes connected to the main pipe are set in each layer of soil. Exhaust holes are set on the main branch pipes and the secondary branch pipes to discharge smoke.

[0022] In some embodiments, the nutrient solution and water supply device includes:

[0023] A plurality of fixed cylindrical rods are evenly arranged on the upper part of the saline-alkali land simulation test box, and downward spray nozzles, temperature sensors and humidity sensors are installed on the fixed cylindrical rods;

[0024] A nutrient solution supply device and a water source supply device are connected to the downward spray nozzle through a water delivery pipe. A liquid flow rate regulator is provided on the water delivery pipe, and the liquid flow rate regulator is connected to a human-machine relay control system for irrigation operation.

[0025] In some embodiments, the environmental control and monitoring system includes:

[0026] A gas chromatograph, the gas chromatograph being connected to the transparent spherical shell and connected to a mass flow meter;

[0027] Temperature and humidity sensors and pH and fertility sensors are installed in each layer of soil and are respectively connected to the temperature and humidity display screen and the pH and fertility display screen.

[0028] In some embodiments, each layer of soil is evenly divided into four parts, and a temperature and humidity sensor and a pH and fertility sensor are installed in each part.

[0029] In some embodiments, a plurality of temperature-controlled bulbs and fixed light fans are arranged on the top of the transparent spherical shell, and the temperature-controlled bulbs and fixed light fans are controlled by a self-regulating dimmer and a self-regulating timer to adjust the parameters required to simulate the saline-alkali land environment.

[0030] A test method for improving a saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system using flue gas comprises the following steps:

[0031] S1: Prepare for the experiment:

[0032] Soil preparation: collect saline-alkali soil and fill it into the test cylindrical box in layers;

[0033] Planting vegetation: select salt-alkali tolerant plants as test plants and plant them in the ground soil according to the standard planting density;

[0034] Gas configuration: simulate industrial flue gas, with concentration gradient set according to actual industrial emission data; provide clean air to simulate natural atmospheric environment;

[0035] S2: Conduct the experiment:

[0036] Conduct flue gas treatment, environmental simulation, irrigation, and gas emission analysis;

[0037] A control group without smoke ventilation was set up. Except for not introducing simulated smoke, other conditions were exactly the same as those of the experimental group to eliminate environmental interference factors.

[0038] S3: Perform data collection and analysis:

[0039] Short-term effects: Compare the decrease in soil pH and salinity, as well as the vegetation germination rate, before and after flue gas treatment, and analyze the immediate effects of different flue gas concentrations on soil physical and chemical properties;

[0040] Long-term effects: monitor vegetation biomass accumulation, root system development, and soil microbial community changes, and draw parameter change curves;

[0041] S4: Verify the results:

[0042] Verification of soil improvement effect: If the soil pH value of the test group is reduced, the salt content is reduced by more than 30%, and the vegetation biomass is higher than that of the control group, the smoke improvement is judged to be effective;

[0043] Verification of vegetation adaptability: The degree of improvement in vegetation's salt-alkali tolerance is assessed through leaf chlorophyll content and root length.

[0044] In some embodiments, performing flue gas treatment, environmental simulation, irrigation, and gas emission analysis includes:

[0045] Flue gas treatment:

[0046] Start the smoke and atmosphere supply and control device, input the simulated smoke into the test cylindrical box at a constant flow rate, and release the smoke evenly to each layer of soil;

[0047] Simultaneously monitor soil pH, salt content, and organic matter changes;

[0048] Environmental simulation:

[0049] Simulate light and temperature in different seasons;

[0050] Control the clean air flow to simulate natural wind speed;

[0051] Record vegetation growth, atmospheric temperature and humidity changes, and soil parameters daily;

[0052] irrigation:

[0053] Nutrient solution and water supply devices are used for regular irrigation to maintain stable soil moisture and replenish nutrients as needed;

[0054] Gas emission analysis:

[0055] Monitor the gas composition inside the transparent spherical shell and evaluate the flue gas degradation efficiency.

[0056] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0057] The present invention provides a flue gas improved saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system, which includes a flue gas and atmosphere supply and control device, soil loading and unloading facilities, a saline-alkali land simulation test box, a nutrient solution and water supply device, and an environmental control and monitoring system. By utilizing the environmental control system arranged on a transparent spherical shell, environmental conditions under different natural states can be simulated in the saline-alkali land simulation test box, so as to provide controllable and precise suitable conditions for simulations under different states.

[0058] In the present invention, the environmental control system is arranged on the transparent spherical shell of the saline-alkali land simulation test box, and can simulate environmental conditions under different natural states in the saline-alkali land simulation test box, so as to provide controllable and precise suitable conditions for simulations under different states. Design scheme of lamps simulating light in the morning, noon, evening and four seasons: 1), Full spectrum light meter: Select a full spectrum light meter that can emit full spectrum light similar to sunlight, including visible light, ultraviolet light and infrared light, which can simulate the spectral components of natural sunlight more realistically. 2), Self-regulating dimmer: Install an intelligent dimming device to control the brightness of the light by running the program. 3), Self-regulating timer and programming controller: Use the self-regulating timer to automatically adjust the brightness, color temperature, angle and other parameters of the light according to the preset time, and accurately simulate the light changes in the morning, noon, evening and four seasons. Connect to the computer through the programming controller to more flexibly write and adjust the light simulation program.

[0059] The present invention can simulate changes in atmospheric parameters, soil temperature and humidity, fertility, pH, and vegetation growth during gas transportation, and has a wide range of uses.

[0060] The present invention can achieve full-range irrigation of nutrient solution and water required for vegetation on the ground by setting 8 downward-spraying nozzles on the ground of a saline-alkali land simulation test box. The nozzles are connected to a fixed cylindrical rod set high in the air through a pipeline, and are externally connected to a water and nutrient solution supply device, and irrigation can be controlled by a set water pump.

[0061] The present invention is equipped with 40 sensors in the saline-alkali land simulation test box (five integrated temperature and humidity sensors and five integrated pH and fertility sensors are installed in each soil layer, for a total of three soil layers; five temperature sensors and five humidity sensors are installed in the atmosphere respectively). This can comprehensively and accurately observe the changes in various soil and atmospheric parameters, making the experimental data more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 A comprehensive view of the system of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 This is the environmental design diagram of the full spectrum optical instrument of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3This is a soil smoke emission pipeline connection diagram of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 This is a forward schematic diagram of the smoke conveying pipe of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5 This is the main layout diagram of the air temperature and humidity sensor and the sprayer of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 6 This is a top view of the air temperature and humidity sensor and the spray layout of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 7 A top view of the soil sensor of the present invention;

[0069] Description of reference numerals:

[0070] 1—Gas storage bottle; 2—Dynamic pressure valve controller; 3—Gas shut-off valve; 4—Reliable fixed support; 5—Mass flowmeter; 6—Transparent spherical shell; 7—Full spectrum light meter; 8—Self-regulating dimmer; 9—Self-regulating timer; 10—Human-machine relay control system; 11—Gas chromatograph; 12—Liquid flow rate controller; 13—Nutrient solution supply device; 14—Water supply device; 15—Fixed cylindrical rod; 16—Downspout nozzle; 17—Temperature sensor; 18—Humidity sensor ; 19—Plants; 20—Smoke inlet and outlet pipes; 21—Temperature and humidity sensors; 22—PH and fertility sensors; 23—Soil handling facilities; 24—Porous baffles; 25—Temperature and humidity display screens; 26—Air delivery pipes; 27—Water delivery pipes; 28—Smoke source simulation facilities; 29—Test cylindrical box; 30—Main pipeline; 31—Main branch pipeline; 32—Secondary branch pipeline; 33—Exhaust hole; 34—Temperature-controlled bulb; 35—Fixed light fan; 36—PH and fertility display screens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] To facilitate understanding of the technical details and implementation methods of the present invention, this article will systematically explain the specific solutions. It should be noted that the specific implementation plans listed in this article only represent some feasible solutions, not all technical possibilities. Based on the core principles disclosed in this document, implementation plans derived by technicians in the relevant fields within the scope of conventional technical capabilities are all protected by the patent claims.

[0072] A flue gas-improved saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system, comprising:

[0073] Saline-alkali land simulation test box, used to place multiple layers of soil;

[0074] A flue gas and atmosphere supply and control device, which is connected to the saline-alkali land simulation test box and is used to provide gas and record and control the flow rate of the gas;

[0075] A nutrient solution and water supply device, the nutrient solution and water supply device being connected to the saline-alkali land simulation test box for performing irrigation operations;

[0076] An environmental control and monitoring system is provided, which is used to regulate the simulated sunlight and temperature of a saline-alkali land simulation test box.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, specifically, the saline-alkali land simulation test box includes:

[0078] A test cylindrical box 29, wherein a transparent spherical shell 6 is provided on the top of the test cylindrical box 29, and multiple layers of soil are provided inside the test cylindrical box 29 for planting plants 19;

[0079] A porous baffle 24 and a soil access facility 23 with double doors are installed at the bottom of the test cylindrical box 29.

[0080] Flue gas and atmosphere supply and control equipment includes:

[0081] Three gas storage bottles 1;

[0082] The first gas storage bottle 1 is connected to the smoke source simulation facility 28 through the dynamic pressure valve controller 2 and the mass flow meter 5 in sequence. The smoke source simulation facility 28 transmits smoke to the test cylindrical box 29 through the smoke inlet and delivery pipe 20.

[0083] The second gas storage bottle 1 is connected to the transparent spherical shell 6 through the gas delivery pipe 26, and the gas delivery pipe 26 is provided with a dynamic pressure valve controller 2, a mass flow meter 5 and a gaseous shut-off valve 3;

[0084] The third gas storage bottle 1 is connected to the bottom of the test cylindrical box 29 through the dynamic pressure valve regulator 2.

[0085] Specifically, if Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the second gas storage bottle 1 on the right is connected to the dynamic pressure valve regulator 2, which is then connected to the mass flowmeter 5 via the gas delivery pipe 26. The two ends of the mass flowmeter 5 are connected to the gas shut-off valve 3 and the reliable fixed support 4, and then connected to the transparent spherical shell 6 of the test box via the gas delivery pipe 26. The function of this gas storage bottle 1 is to supply gas to the simulated saline-alkali soil simulation test box, the function of the dynamic pressure valve regulator 2 is to adjust the pressure, the function of the gas shut-off valve 3 and the reliable fixed support 4 is to protect the mass flowmeter from damage, and the function of the mass flowmeter 5 is to record and control the flow rate of gas passing through.

[0086] The first gas storage bottle 1 at the lower left is connected to the dynamic pressure valve controller 2, which is then connected to the mass flowmeter 5, and then to the smoke source simulation facility 28. The smoke is then transmitted to the test cylindrical box 29 via the smoke inlet and delivery pipe 20. The gas storage bottle 1 here serves to introduce smoke into the test cylindrical box 29, the dynamic pressure valve controller 2 regulates the pressure, and the mass flowmeter 5 records and controls the flow of smoke. The smoke source simulation facility 28 and the smoke inlet and delivery pipe transmit smoke into the soil of the simulated test cylindrical box 29.

[0087] The third gas storage bottle 1 at the lower right end is connected to the dynamic pressure valve regulator 2, and then connected to a gap left at the lower end of the test cylindrical box 29. This gap is separated from the upper three layers of soil by a porous baffle 24. The purpose of the porous baffle 24 having holes is to provide the conditions required for the growth of plants 19 on the ground, so as to pay attention to their growth conditions. The soil can also be taken in and out by means of the double-opening door of the soil taking and putting facility 23.

[0088] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the smoke inlet and delivery pipe 20 includes:

[0089] Main Road 30;

[0090] Two main branch pipes 31 and multiple secondary branch pipes 32 connected to the main pipe 30 are set in each layer of soil. Exhaust holes 33 are set on the main branch pipes 31 and the secondary branch pipes 32 to discharge the smoke, which can be discharged into the soil comprehensively and fully like a flute.

[0091] The nutrient solution and water supply device includes:

[0092] A plurality of fixed cylindrical rods 15 are evenly arranged on the upper part of the saline-alkali soil simulation test box, and a downward spray nozzle 16, a temperature sensor 17 and a humidity sensor 18 are installed on the fixed cylindrical rods 15;

[0093] The nutrient solution supply device 13 and the water source supply device 14 are connected to the downspout nozzle 16 through a water delivery pipe 27. A liquid flow rate regulator 12 is provided on the water delivery pipe 27. The liquid flow rate regulator 12 is externally connected to the human-machine relay control system 10 for irrigation operation.

[0094] Specifically, if Figure 5 He Ru Figure 6As shown, the temperature sensor 17, the humidity sensor 18 and the downspout nozzle 16 are installed on the fixed cylindrical rod 15. The temperature sensor 17 and the humidity sensor 18 are both digitally displayed for data monitoring. Since the transparent spherical shell 6 is made of transparent glass, the data can be directly recorded by manually observing the numerical value on the sensor digital display. The downspout nozzle 16 is connected to the water delivery pipe 27 to irrigate the plants and soil in the simulation box with nutrient solution and water. A total of 5 temperature sensors 17 and 5 humidity sensors 18 are installed. The circular ground is divided into four parts, with 1 temperature sensor 17 and 1 humidity sensor 18 in each part, and 1 temperature sensor 17 and 1 humidity sensor 18 are installed at the center point of the circular ground, so that the temperature and humidity in the simulated atmosphere can be monitored in a full range and full coverage; 8 downspout nozzles 16 are installed on the octagonal vertices connected to the water delivery pipe 27. According to the radius R of the circular area and the spraying radius r of the downspout nozzle, 8 downspout nozzles 16 are sufficient to irrigate the plants and soil with full coverage.

[0095] Environmental control and monitoring systems include:

[0096] A gas chromatograph 11, the gas chromatograph 11 is connected to the transparent spherical shell 6 and is connected to the mass flow meter 5;

[0097] The temperature and humidity sensors 21 and the pH and fertility sensors 22 are installed in each layer of soil and are connected to the temperature and humidity display screen 25 and the pH and fertility display screen 36 respectively.

[0098] Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper full-spectrum light meter 7 is connected to the self-regulating dimmer 8, which in turn is connected to the self-regulating timer 9, and finally to the human-machine relay control system 10 for controllable environmental conditions. The full-spectrum light meter 7 provides the required sunlight and temperature conditions to the saline-alkali soil simulation test chamber. The self-regulating dimmer 8 and self-regulating timer 9 adjust the system's required parameters, such as brightness, color temperature, angle, and time. The human-machine relay control system 10 can be manually controlled via a computer.

[0099] The transparent spherical shell 6 is connected to the gas chromatograph 11, and then connected to the mass flowmeter 5. The function of the gas chromatograph 11 is to perform mass spectrometry analysis on the components of the dirty gas discharged from the system, such as carbon dioxide, etc. The function of the mass flowmeter here is to record and control the flow rate of the gas discharge to prepare for subsequent quantitative analysis.

[0100] Each layer of soil is evenly divided into four parts, and a temperature and humidity sensor 21 and a pH and fertility sensor 22 are installed in each part.

[0101] The temperature and humidity sensor 21 and the pH and fertility sensor 22 are connected to the temperature and humidity display screen 25 and the pH and fertility display screen 36, and are installed in each layer of soil. There are three layers of soil in total, and each circular layer of soil is divided into four parts. A temperature and humidity sensor 21 and a pH and fertility sensor 22 are installed in each part, and a temperature and humidity sensor 21 and a pH and fertility sensor 22 are installed at the center point of the circular soil, so that the temperature, humidity, fertility and salinity (PH) in the simulated soil can be monitored in a full range and full coverage. The required data can be accurately observed and recorded through the temperature and humidity display screen 25 and the pH and fertility display screen 36.

[0102] A plurality of temperature-controlled bulbs 34 and fixed light fans 35 are arranged on the top of the transparent spherical shell 6. The temperature-controlled bulbs 34 and fixed light fans 35 are controlled by a self-regulating dimmer 8 and a self-regulating timer 9 to adjust the parameters required for simulating the saline-alkali land environment.

[0103] The transparent spherical shell 6 is designed to be spherical and made of transparent glass to simulate the atmospheric state of the real earth and observe various conditions inside it. The radius and height of the test cylindrical box 29 are both set to 3m, and it is made of closed material. In order to be able to build a real test platform at a lower cost later, a certain gap must be left at the bottom of the test cylindrical box 29 for ventilation, that is, the baffle must be set to a porous baffle 24, otherwise the plant 19 cannot grow normally.

[0104] The flue gas improved saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system of the present invention is tested through the following steps to verify the improvement effect of flue gas on saline-alkali land and the influence of vegetation growth.

[0105] The specific steps are as follows:

[0106] S1: Prepare for the experiment:

[0107] (1) Soil configuration:

[0108] Typical saline-alkali soil was collected and filled into the test cylindrical box 29 in layers according to different salinization degrees (mild, moderate, and severe), with each layer of soil being 30 cm thick.

[0109] Each layer of soil is evenly divided into four sector-shaped areas. A temperature and humidity sensor 21 and a pH and fertility sensor 22 are installed at the center point of the test cylindrical box 29 and the center point of each area, and are connected to a temperature and humidity display screen 25 and a pH and fertility display screen 36 respectively for real-time monitoring of soil parameters.

[0110] (2) Vegetation planting:

[0111] Salt-alkali tolerant plants (such as Suaeda salsa and Tamarix chinensis) were selected as experimental plants 19 and planted in the ground soil at a standard planting density;

[0112] Initial irrigation is provided through nutrient solution and water supply devices to ensure that the soil moisture meets the vegetation growth requirements (humidity is controlled at 60%-80%).

[0113] (3) Gas configuration:

[0114] Smoke simulation: Figure 1 The gas storage bottle 1 in the lower left corner is used to prepare simulated industrial flue gas (containing SO2, NO x , CO2 and other components), the concentration is set in gradients (such as low, medium and high concentrations) according to actual industrial emission data;

[0115] Atmospheric supply: Figure 1 The gas storage bottle 1 in the upper right corner provides clean air for simulating the natural atmospheric environment.

[0116] S2: Conduct the experiment:

[0117] (1) Flue gas treatment stage:

[0118] Start the flue gas and atmosphere supply and control device, and input the simulated flue gas into the test cylindrical box 29 at a constant flow rate through the flue gas inlet and delivery pipe 20;

[0119] The smoke is evenly released into each layer of soil through the exhaust holes 33 on the main branch pipe 31 and the secondary branch pipe 32, and the duration is 7 days, 6 hours a day;

[0120] The pH and fertility sensors 22 are used to synchronously monitor the changes in soil pH, salt content, and organic matter.

[0121] (2) Environmental simulation and monitoring:

[0122] Simulate different seasonal light (e.g. strong light in summer, weak light in winter) and temperature (15°C-35°C gradient) through full spectrum light meter 7 and temperature-controlled bulb 34;

[0123] By adjusting Figure 1 The mass flow meter 5 controls the clean air flow rate, thereby simulating the natural wind speed;

[0124] Record vegetation growth, changes in atmospheric temperature and humidity, and soil parameters (temperature, humidity, pH value, and fertility) daily.

[0125] (3) Irrigation and nutritional supplementation:

[0126] According to the data from the humidity sensor 18, the downward sprinkler 16 is used to irrigate regularly to keep the soil moisture stable;

[0127] The nutrient solution supply device 13 replenishes nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium as needed (once a week).

[0128] (4) Gas emission analysis:

[0129] The gas composition (such as the residual amount of CO2 and SO2) in the transparent spherical shell 6 is monitored by a gas chromatograph 11 to evaluate the flue gas degradation efficiency.

[0130] A control group without smoke ventilation was set up. Except for not introducing simulated smoke, other conditions were exactly the same as those of the experimental group to eliminate environmental interference factors.

[0131] S3: Perform data collection and analysis:

[0132] (1) Short-term effects (1-2 weeks):

[0133] Compare the decrease in soil pH, salinity and vegetation germination rate before and after flue gas treatment;

[0134] Analyze the immediate effects of different smoke concentrations on soil physical and chemical properties.

[0135] (2) Long-term effects (1-3 months):

[0136] Monitor vegetation biomass accumulation, root system development, and changes in soil microbial communities;

[0137] The data are summarized through the temperature and humidity display screen 25 and the pH and fertility display screen 36 to draw a parameter change curve.

[0138] S4: Verify the results:

[0139] (1) Soil improvement effect: If the soil pH value of the experimental group decreases (e.g., from 8.5 to 7.2), the salt content decreases by more than 30%, and the vegetation biomass is significantly higher than that of the control group, the smoke improvement is considered effective;

[0140] (2) Vegetation adaptability: The degree of improvement in vegetation’s salt-alkali tolerance is assessed through indicators such as leaf chlorophyll content and root length.

[0141] System stability: Check the sensor data fluctuation range (e.g. within ±5%) to verify the system controllability.

[0142] Through the above test method, the system of the present invention can quantitatively evaluate the comprehensive effect of flue gas on improving saline-alkali land and provide accurate parameter support for industrial application.

[0143] It should be noted that the aforementioned embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting. Although the technical approach has been fully described through specific implementation methods, those skilled in the relevant art should be aware that they retain the right to adjust and optimize the implementation methods, or to partially or completely replace the technical features with equivalent alternatives. Such improved combinations of technical features will still fully cover the protection framework defined by the patent claims.

Claims

1. A flue gas improved saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system, characterized in that: include: A saline-alkali land simulation test box, wherein the saline-alkali land simulation test box is used to place multiple layers of soil; The saline-alkali land simulation test box includes: A test cylindrical box (29), wherein a transparent spherical shell (6) is provided on the top of the test cylindrical box (29), and multiple layers of soil are provided inside the test cylindrical box (29) for planting plants (19); A porous baffle (24) and a soil access facility (23) with double doors are installed at the bottom of the test cylindrical box (29); A plurality of temperature-controlled bulbs (34) and a fixed light fan (35) are arranged on the top of the transparent spherical shell (6), and the temperature-controlled bulbs (34) and the fixed light fan (35) are controlled by a self-regulating dimmer (8) and a self-regulating timer (9) to adjust the parameters required for simulating the saline-alkali land environment; A flue gas and atmosphere supply and control device, which is connected to the saline-alkali land simulation test box and is used to provide gas and record and control the flow rate of the gas; The flue gas and atmosphere supply and control device comprises: three gas storage bottles (1); The first gas storage bottle (1) is connected to the smoke source simulation facility (28) through the dynamic pressure valve controller (2) and the mass flow meter (5) in sequence, and the smoke source simulation facility (28) transmits smoke to the test cylindrical box (29) through the smoke inlet and delivery pipe (20); The smoke inlet and delivery pipe (20) comprises: Main road (30); Two main branch pipes (31) and a plurality of secondary branch pipes (32) connected to the main pipe (30) are provided in each soil layer, and exhaust holes (33) are provided on the main branch pipes (31) and the secondary branch pipes (32) to discharge smoke; A nutrient solution and water supply device, the nutrient solution and water supply device being connected to the saline-alkali land simulation test box for performing irrigation operations; An environmental control and monitoring system for regulating the simulated sunlight and temperature of the saline-alkali soil simulation test chamber; Short-term effects: Compare the decrease in soil pH and salinity, as well as the vegetation germination rate, before and after flue gas treatment to analyze the immediate effects of different flue gas concentrations on soil physical and chemical properties. If the soil pH value of the experimental group decreases, the salt content decreases by more than 30%, and the vegetation biomass is higher than that of the control group, the flue gas improvement is considered effective. Long-term effects: Monitor vegetation biomass accumulation, root development, and soil microbial community changes, and draw parameter change curves; assess the degree of improvement in vegetation's salt-alkali tolerance through leaf chlorophyll content and root length.

2. The flue gas improved saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second gas storage bottle (1) is connected to the transparent spherical shell (6) through a gas delivery pipe (26), and a dynamic pressure valve controller (2), a mass flow meter (5) and a gaseous shut-off valve (3) are provided on the gas delivery pipe (26); The third gas storage bottle (1) is connected to the bottom of the test cylindrical box (29) through the dynamic pressure valve controller (2).

3. The flue gas improved saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The nutrient solution and water supply device comprises: A plurality of fixed cylindrical rods (15), wherein the plurality of fixed cylindrical rods (15) are evenly arranged on the upper part of the saline-alkali land simulation test box, and a downward spray nozzle (16), a temperature sensor (17), and a humidity sensor (18) are installed on the fixed cylindrical rods (15); A nutrient solution supply device (13) and a water source supply device (14) are connected to a downspout nozzle (16) via a water delivery pipe (27). A liquid flow rate controller (12) is provided on the water delivery pipe (27). The liquid flow rate controller (12) is connected to a human-machine relay control system (10) for irrigation operation.

4. The flue gas improved saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental control and monitoring system includes: A gas chromatograph (11), the gas chromatograph (11) being connected to the transparent spherical shell (6) and connected to the mass flow meter (5); A temperature and humidity sensor (21) and a pH and fertility sensor (22) are installed in each layer of soil and are connected to a temperature and humidity display screen (25) and a pH and fertility display screen (36), respectively.

5. The flue gas improved saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Each layer of soil is evenly divided into four parts, and a temperature and humidity sensor (21) and a pH and fertility sensor (22) are installed in each part.

6. A test method, characterized in that The flue gas-improved saline-alkali land vegetation ecological simulation test system according to claim 1 comprises the following steps: S1: Prepare for the experiment: Soil preparation: collect saline-alkali soil and fill it into the test cylindrical box (29) in layers; Planting vegetation: select salt-alkali tolerant plants as test plants (19) and plant them in the ground soil at standard planting density; Gas configuration: simulate industrial flue gas, with concentration gradient set according to actual industrial emission data; provide clean air to simulate natural atmospheric environment; S2: Conduct the experiment: Conduct flue gas treatment, environmental simulation, irrigation, and gas emission analysis; A control group without smoke ventilation was set up. Except for not introducing simulated smoke, other conditions were exactly the same as those of the experimental group to eliminate environmental interference factors. S3: Perform data collection and analysis: Short-term effects: Compare the decrease in soil pH and salinity, as well as the vegetation germination rate, before and after flue gas treatment, and analyze the immediate effects of different flue gas concentrations on soil physical and chemical properties; Long-term effects: monitor vegetation biomass accumulation, root system development, and soil microbial community changes, and draw parameter change curves; S4: Verify the results: Verification of soil improvement effect: If the soil pH value of the test group is reduced, the salt content is reduced by more than 30%, and the vegetation biomass is higher than that of the control group, the smoke improvement is judged to be effective; Verification of vegetation adaptability: The degree of improvement in vegetation's salt-alkali tolerance is assessed through leaf chlorophyll content and root length.

7. The test method according to claim 6, characterized in that Perform flue gas treatment, environmental simulation, irrigation, and gas emission analysis including: Flue gas treatment: The smoke and atmosphere supply and control device is started to input the simulated smoke into the test cylindrical box (29) at a constant flow rate, and the smoke is evenly released to each layer of soil; Simultaneously monitor soil pH, salt content, and organic matter changes; Environmental simulation: Simulate light and temperature in different seasons; Control the clean air flow to simulate natural wind speed; Record vegetation growth, atmospheric temperature and humidity changes, and soil parameters daily; irrigation: Nutrient solution and water supply devices are used for regular irrigation to maintain stable soil moisture and replenish nutrients as needed; Gas emission analysis: The gas composition in the transparent spherical shell (6) is monitored to evaluate the flue gas degradation efficiency.

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