Integrated brain signal acquisition equipment and signal acquisition method

Abstract

The invention provides integrated brain signal acquisition equipment and a signal acquisition method.The equipment comprises an integrated main body, an electroencephalogram signal electrode module is arranged on the inner side of the main body, and at least one of an EDA signal acquisition module, a PPG signal acquisition module and an EMG signal acquisition module is further arranged on the inner side of the main body; wherein the EEG signal electrode module comprises a plurality of guide dry electrodes and is used for collecting EEG signals; the EDA signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a tested skin electric response signal; the PPG signal acquisition module is used for recording physiological parameters of a subject through optical measurement; the EMG signal acquisition module is used for acquiring electric signals accompanying the contraction of the tested muscle. The device is of an integrated structure, the signal disturbance error is small, and various signals such as electroencephalogram signals, EDA signals, PPG signals and / or EMG signals can be collected at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of brain devices, and in particular to an integrated brain signal acquisition device and a signal acquisition method. Background Art

[0002] Among EEG devices, traditional wet-electrode EEG acquisition technology has high usage costs and operational difficulties, and the electrolyte gel may cause allergies or contamination. It is more difficult to collect certain EEG signals. For example, signal acquisition in areas such as the occipital lobe and temporal lobe may be interfered with by factors such as hair, reducing the quality and stability of the signal. In addition, traditional wired connection methods limit the mobility and portability of EEG acquisition equipment, and are easily affected by problems such as signal interference and transmission failures. The acquisition of a single signal is often difficult to fully reflect the subject's physiological state and activity behavior, and requires the comprehensive acquisition of multiple signals for analysis and judgment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated brain signal acquisition device and a signal acquisition method to eliminate or improve one or more defects in the prior art.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated brain signal acquisition device, comprising an integrated main body, an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal electrode module disposed on the inner side of the main body, and at least one of the following further disposed on the inner side of the main body: an EDA signal acquisition module, a PPG signal acquisition module, and an EMG signal acquisition module;

[0005] The EEG signal electrode module corresponds to at least one brain region of the subject's frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe, and includes a plurality of guide electrodes for collecting EEG signals;

[0006] The EDA signal acquisition module is used to collect the skin electrical response signal of the subject;

[0007] The PPG signal acquisition module is used to record the subject's physiological parameters through optical measurement;

[0008] The EMG signal acquisition module is used to collect electrical signals accompanying the contraction of the subject's muscles.

[0009] In some embodiments, the integrated brain signal acquisition device further includes an fNIRS signal acquisition module for recording changes in blood oxygen levels in the subject's brain tissue using infrared spectroscopy;

[0010] The fNIRS signal acquisition module is provided on the main body or the fNIRS signal acquisition module is connected to the main body via an outgoing line connection.

[0011] In some embodiments, the PPG signal acquisition module includes a first light source and a first light signal receiver, wherein the first light source can selectively emit at least red light or green light;

[0012] The fNIRS signal acquisition module includes a second light source and a second light signal receiver, wherein the second light source is capable of selectively emitting at least near-infrared light;

[0013] The first light source and the second light source are both independently provided light sources; or, the first light source and the second light source are a common light source, and the common light source can selectively emit at least any one of red light, green light and near-infrared light;

[0014] When the common light source is used for PPG signal acquisition, it is configured to emit red light or green light; when the common light source is used for fNIRS signal acquisition, it is configured to emit near-infrared light.

[0015] In some embodiments, the device further includes: an eye movement signal acquisition module, which is an outgoing electrode for attaching to the subject's eye socket, above the cheekbone or temple to collect electrical signals generated by the subject's eye muscle movement.

[0016] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a reference electrode module, the reference electrode module comprising a first reference electrode and / or a second reference electrode;

[0017] The first reference electrode is used as a reference electrode for collecting EEG signals, or is connected to an ear clip via a first interface as a reference electrode for collecting EEG signals;

[0018] The second reference electrode is used as a reference electrode for collecting EEG signals, or is connected to an ear clip through a second interface as a reference electrode for collecting EEG signals, or is connected to an ear clip with an integrated biosensor through a second interface to collect PPG signals and / or fNIRS signals.

[0019] In some embodiments, the position of the first reference electrode and / or the second reference electrode on the body is configured to correspond to the position of the mastoid process of the subject's brain region; and / or

[0020] When the reference electrode module includes a first reference electrode and a second reference electrode, the first reference electrode and the second reference electrode are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main body; and / or

[0021] The integrated brain signal acquisition device also includes an ear clip module, which includes a first ear clip and / or a second ear clip. The first ear clip is used to connect to a first interface position below the first reference electrode, and the second ear clip is used to connect to a second interface position below the second reference electrode.

[0022] In some embodiments, the device further includes a nine-axis signal acquisition module, which includes at least one of an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a gyroscope, and is used to collect head activity status information of the subject.

[0023] In some embodiments, the integrated brain signal acquisition device further includes an amplifier module, which is integrated with the main body or detachably provided, and the amplifier module includes an amplifier chip, a filter, and an analog-to-digital converter; and / or

[0024] The EDA electrode and the EMG electrode are shared electrodes, or the EDA electrode and the EMG electrode are independently arranged electrodes.

[0025] In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises:

[0026] a storage module, configured to store signals collected by the device; and / or

[0027] A wireless transmission module, used to transmit the signals collected by the device to a host computer via wireless transmission; and / or

[0028] A wired transmission interface for transmitting the signals collected by the device to a host computer via wired transmission; and / or

[0029] The energy storage module is used to store the electrical energy required for the equipment to collect and operate.

[0030] In some embodiments, the main body includes a ring structure, the ring structure includes a forehead arc segment and a back brain arc segment, the EEG signal electrode module includes a frontal lobe electrode group and an occipital lobe electrode group, the frontal lobe electrode group is arranged on the inner side of the forehead arc segment, and the occipital lobe electrode group is arranged on the inner side of the back brain arc segment.

[0031] In some embodiments, the main body further includes a top structure corresponding to the parietal lobe brain region of the subject, and the top structure and the annular structure are an integrated structure.

[0032] In some embodiments, the EEG signal electrode module includes a parietal electrode group, which is arranged on the inner side of the top structure.

[0033] In some embodiments, the main body is configured as an integrated structure that can be stretched along its length and / or width to be suitable for subjects with different head circumferences; and / or

[0034] The EDA signal acquisition module, the EMG signal acquisition module, the PPG signal acquisition module and / or the fNIRS signal acquisition module are arranged in the forehead arc segment; and / or

[0035] The annular structure of the main body or the forehead arc segment and the back head arc segment are made of silicone material, and / or

[0036] The inner surface of the main body is provided with a skin-friendly flexible layer at positions corresponding to the EEG signal electrode module, the EDA signal acquisition module and / or the PPG signal acquisition module; and / or

[0037] The frontal lobe electrode group includes multi-conductor sheet-shaped dry electrodes, and the occipital lobe electrode group includes multi-conductor needle-shaped dry electrodes; and / or

[0038] The EEG signal electrode module further includes a GND electrode, and the GND electrode is located at the center of the forehead arc segment; and / or

[0039] The EDA signal acquisition module includes at least one or more EDA electrodes. When the EDA signal acquisition module includes multiple EDA electrodes, the multiple EDA electrodes are respectively located on both sides of the GND electrode; and / or

[0040] The EMG signal acquisition module includes one or more EMG electrodes. When the EMG signal acquisition module includes multiple EMG electrodes, the multiple EMG electrodes are respectively located on both sides of the GND electrode;

[0041] The nine-axis signal acquisition module is arranged at the front end or rear end of the main body; and / or

[0042] The amplifier module is arranged at the rear end of the main body or at both sides of the main body.

[0043] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a signal acquisition method, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned integrated brain signal acquisition device, and comprises the following steps:

[0044] EEG signal acquisition steps: After the integrated brain signal acquisition device is worn on the subject's brain area, the EEG signal of the subject is collected through the EEG signal electrode module;

[0045] Multimodal signal acquisition steps:

[0046] Collecting skin electrical response signals of specific areas of the subject through the EDA signal acquisition module; and / or

[0047] Collecting the subject's physiological parameters through the PPG signal acquisition module; and / or

[0048] Collecting electrical signals accompanying the subject's muscle contraction through an EMG signal acquisition module; and / or

[0049] Collect changes in blood oxygen levels in the subject's brain tissue using an fNIRS signal acquisition module; and / or

[0050] Collect the subject's head movement status through the nine-axis signal acquisition module; and / or

[0051] The electrical signals generated by the subjects' eye muscle movements are collected through the eye movement signal acquisition module;

[0052] Signal transmission step: The EEG signal and / or multimodal signal processed by the amplifier module designed as an integral part of the main body is transmitted to the host computer via wireless transmission, or stored in the storage module of the integrated brain signal acquisition device.

[0053] In some embodiments, the step of collecting the skin electrical response signal of a specific area of the subject through the EDA signal acquisition module is completed by an EDA signal acquisition module integrally provided with the main body, and / or, by an EDA signal acquisition module connected to the output line of the main body; and / or,

[0054] The step of collecting the subject's physiological parameters through the PPG signal acquisition module is completed by the PPG signal acquisition module integrally provided with the main body, and / or, by the PPG signal acquisition module connected to the main body output line; and / or,

[0055] The step of acquiring changes in blood oxygen levels in the subject's brain tissue by using the fNIRS signal acquisition module is completed by the fNIRS signal acquisition module connected to the main body output line; and / or,

[0056] The step of collecting the electrical signal generated by the subject's eye muscle movement through the eye movement signal collection module is completed by the eye movement signal collection module connected to the main body output line.

[0057] The integrated brain signal acquisition device in the embodiment of the present invention uses dry electrodes and is easy to use; the present invention has an integrated structure, no cable entanglement, small disturbance error during signal transmission, and good stability; and the device can simultaneously collect multiple signals such as EEG signals, EDA signals, PPG signals and / or EMG signals, which can fully reflect the physiological state and activity behavior of the subject.

[0058] Additional advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description and will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description and drawings.

[0059] Those skilled in the art will understand that the purposes and advantages that can be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the above specific descriptions, and the above and other purposes that can be achieved by the present invention will be more clearly understood based on the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] The drawings described herein are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, but are merely for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the present invention. To facilitate the illustration and description of certain portions of the present invention, corresponding portions in the drawings may be exaggerated, that is, may be larger than other components in an exemplary device actually manufactured according to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the main body of an integrated brain signal acquisition device in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from a first perspective of an integrated brain signal acquisition device in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the integrated brain signal acquisition device in one embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0064] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an integrated brain signal acquisition device with an ear clip module in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of the composition of an integrated brain signal acquisition device in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the position of the eight-lead dry electrodes of the integrated brain signal acquisition device in the 10-20 system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 7 FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a signal acquisition method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Reference numerals:

[0069] 1. Main body; 11. Forehead arc segment; 12. Back of head arc segment; 13. Middle segment; 101. First interface; 102. Second interface; 103. Skin-friendly flexible layer;

[0070] 2. EEG signal electrode module; 21. Frontal lobe electrode group; 22. Occipital lobe electrode group; 23. GND electrode;

[0071] 3. EDA signal acquisition module; 31. EDA electrode;

[0072] 4. PPG signal acquisition module;

[0073] 5. fNIRS signal acquisition module;

[0074] 6. Reference electrode module; 61. First reference electrode; 62. Second reference electrode;

[0075] 7. Nine-axis signal acquisition module;

[0076] 8. Amplifier module; 81. Wired transmission interface;

[0077] 9. Ear clip module; 91. First ear clip; 92. Second ear clip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Here, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0079] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, the accompanying drawings only show structures and / or processing steps closely related to the solutions according to the present invention, while other details that are not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

[0080] It should be emphasized that the term "include / comprises" when used herein refers to the existence of features, elements, steps or components, but does not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, elements, steps or components.

[0081] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the term "connection" herein may refer not only to a direct connection but also to an indirect connection involving an intermediate.

[0082] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same or similar components, or the same or similar steps.

[0083] The present invention discloses an integrated brain signal acquisition device that uses dry electrodes to collect EEG (Electroencephalography) signals and is easy to use. The present invention has an integrated structure and is free of cable entanglement, resulting in small disturbance errors during signal transmission and good stability. The device can also simultaneously collect multiple signals such as EEG signals, EDA signals (Electrodermal Activity), PPG signals (Photoplethysmography), and EMG signals (Electromyography), which can fully reflect the physiological state and activity behavior of the subject.

[0084] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated brain signal acquisition device, such as Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, the integrated brain signal acquisition device includes an integrated main body 1, an electroencephalogram signal electrode module 2 is provided on the inner side of the main body 1, and at least one of the following is also provided on the inner side of the main body 1: an EDA signal acquisition module 3, a PPG signal acquisition module 4, an EMG signal acquisition module, etc.

[0085] In the above embodiment, the cables of the main body 1 are embedded within the device, reducing interference and impact from external cables, while also improving ease of use and comfort. This internal placement of the cables reduces signal quality loss and noise interference during transmission, thereby improving the precision and accuracy of data acquisition, and ultimately, the efficiency of data processing and analysis. This integrated design makes the device lighter, more compact, easier to carry and use, and suitable for data acquisition needs in a variety of situations.

[0086] Furthermore, the EEG signal electrode module 2 corresponds to at least one brain region of the subject's frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe and occipital lobe, and includes a number of guide electrodes for collecting EEG signals to reflect the neuronal discharge state and functional activity of the subject's brain.

[0087] The frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe are four key brain regions that play a key role in human cognition, perception, emotion, and language. The frontal lobe, located at the front of the brain, is one of the largest lobes. It is involved in higher-level cognitive functions such as decision-making, planning, thinking, reasoning, and problem-solving. It is also associated with personality, behavioral control, and social interaction. Furthermore, the frontal lobe controls motor execution, including muscle coordination, postural control, and voluntary movement. The parietal lobe, located in the middle of the brain, is primarily responsible for processing sensory information and spatial cognition. It is involved in receiving and processing sensory signals such as touch, temperature, pressure, and pain. Furthermore, the parietal lobe is involved in spatial orientation, motor control, and hand-eye coordination. The temporal lobe, located on the side of the brain, is involved in hearing, memory, language comprehension, emotion, and facial recognition. The main structure of the temporal lobe is the hippocampus, which plays a vital role in memory formation and storage. Furthermore, the temporal lobe is closely associated with emotional regulation, auditory processing, and language comprehension. The occipital lobe, located at the back of the brain, is primarily responsible for processing and perceiving visual information. It receives visual signals from the eyes and converts them into the images we see. The occipital lobe is also involved in functions such as visual memory, color perception, and spatial orientation. It's important to note that the functions of these brain regions are interconnected and interactive, and cognitive processes often involve the coordinated work of multiple brain regions. Furthermore, brain structure and function may vary from person to person, so specific functional details may vary.

[0088] The EEG signal electrode module of the integrated brain signal acquisition device in the embodiment of the present invention corresponds to at least one of the above-mentioned brain regions. By placing corresponding electrodes in these brain regions, signals such as electrical activity, blood oxygenation levels, or magnetic fields can be obtained from different brain regions, thereby studying brain function and cognitive processes. This is of great significance for understanding the working principles of the brain and developing applications such as brain-computer interfaces.

[0089] like Figures 1 to 4 In the embodiment, the main body 1 is in a ring structure, so that the several dry electrodes of the EEG signal electrode module 2 can correspond to the two brain areas of the frontal lobe and the occipital lobe to check the EEG signals of these two lobe areas, but is not limited to this. For example, the main body 1 can also be in a helmet-shaped structure or a triangular arc edge (with an arc edge added between the ring structures) to detect EEG signals in more areas. The EEG signal electrode module 2 is used to collect electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe and occipital lobe of the subject's brain. These dry electrodes are installed in specific positions to record the discharge activity and functional activity of brain neurons. By collecting and analyzing these EEG signals, we can understand the activity patterns of the brain under different tasks, states and stimuli, and then study the functions and processes of cognition, emotion, sleep and other aspects.

[0090] Furthermore, the EDA signal acquisition module 3 includes at least one EDA electrode 31 for collecting the subject's galvanic skin response signal to reflect the activity of the autonomic nervous system. Galvanic skin response is an indicator of autonomic nervous system activity, also known as electrical activity or skin conductance, and reflects the body's emotional and cognitive responses to external stimuli.

[0091] Compared with the EDA electrodes in the prior art, which are usually placed on the skin surface of the subject's fingers, palms or wrists, the EDA signal acquisition module 3 in the present invention is integrated into the main body 1 and can be located in the forehead area without hair obstruction to record the skin electrical response signal. These EDA electrodes 31 will sense the changes in skin conductance caused by sweat secretion. When the human body faces emotional arousal, stress, anxiety or other emotional states, the activity of the autonomic nervous system will cause changes in sweat secretion, thereby affecting skin conductance. By collecting and analyzing EDA signals, researchers can infer the subject's emotional state, cognitive load, stress level, etc. This information is very useful for psychological research, emotion recognition, human-computer interaction and other fields. It should be noted that the correct placement and use of EDA electrodes are crucial to data quality and result interpretation. Ensure that the electrodes are in close contact with the skin and avoid external factors that interfere with the signal, such as movement or electromagnetic interference, to obtain accurate and reliable EDA signals. Optionally, two or more EDA electrodes 31 may be provided.

[0092] Furthermore, the PPG signal acquisition module 4 may include a light source and an optical signal receiver, which are used to record the physiological parameters of the subject through optical measurement. PPG stands for Photoplethysmography, which is a non-invasive physiological signal acquisition technology that records changes in blood pulse in skin tissue through optical sensors, thereby reflecting physiological parameters such as the subject's heart rate and blood oxygen saturation. The all-in-one brain signal acquisition device in the embodiment of the present invention integrates the PPG signal acquisition module 4, and the light emitted by the light source passes through the subject's skin and is received by the optical signal receiver. When the heart beats, the amount of light absorbed by the blood will change accordingly, and this change can be detected by the receiver and converted into an electrical signal. By analyzing these electrical signals, physiological parameters such as the subject's heart rate, heartbeat intensity and blood oxygen saturation can be obtained. This method has the advantages of being non-invasive, convenient, fast, accurate and reliable.

[0093] Furthermore, the EMG signal acquisition module includes at least one EMG electrode for collecting electrical signals associated with muscle contractions in the subject. EMG electrodes are sensors used to detect and record muscle electrical activity. EMG electrodes can be placed at specific locations on the subject's body to detect electrical signals generated by muscle contractions. For example, when placed on the forehead, they can detect muscle movements in the forehead.

[0094] In the above embodiment, the integrated brain signal acquisition device uses dry electrodes and is easy to use; the present invention has an integrated structure, no cable entanglement, small disturbance error during signal transmission, and good stability; and the device can simultaneously collect multiple signals such as EEG signals, EDA signals, PPG signals and / or EMG signals, which can fully reflect the subject's physiological state and activity behavior.

[0095] In some embodiments, the integrated brain signal acquisition device further includes an fNIRS signal acquisition module 5 for recording changes in blood oxygen levels in the subject's brain tissue using infrared spectroscopy. fNIRS (functional near-infrared spectroscopy) infers brain activity by measuring changes in hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin concentrations in brain tissue and can be used to study cognitive function, neurometabolism, and brain activity. The fNIRS signal acquisition module 5 is mounted on the main body 1, or connected to the main body 1 via a wired connection. The fNIRS signal acquisition module 5 may include an infrared light source and a receiver, which measures changes in hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin concentrations by scattering and absorbing infrared light in tissue. The module can be mounted on the subject's head or connected to the subject via a wired connection, such as via an ear clip or finger clip, to the main body 1 to record changes in blood oxygen levels in the brain tissue.

[0096] This method combines EEG and fNIRS signal acquisition to provide more comprehensive information about brain activity, helping researchers understand cognitive function, neuromodulation, and other related brain functions. This multimodal brain signal acquisition method has important implications for neuroscience research, biofeedback training, and clinical diagnosis.

[0097] In some embodiments, the PPG signal acquisition module 4 includes a first light source and a first optical signal receiver, wherein the first light source can selectively emit at least red light or green light. The fNIRS signal acquisition module includes a second light source and a second optical signal receiver, wherein the second light source can selectively emit at least near-infrared light. In this case, the first light source and the second light source are both independently provided. Both PPG signals and near-infrared fNIRS are based on optical measurement principles. In addition to providing separate light sources and optical signal receivers, they can also be shared. However, when collecting PPG signals, the light source is controlled to emit red light or green light; when collecting near-infrared signals, the light source is controlled to emit near-infrared light.

[0098] In other embodiments, the first and second light sources are a shared light source capable of selectively emitting at least one of red, green, and near-infrared light. When used for PPG signal acquisition, the shared light source is configured to emit red or green light; and when used for fNIRS signal acquisition, the shared light source is configured to emit near-infrared light. The wavelengths of the red, green, and near-infrared light emitted by the shared light source are all adjustable.

[0099] The PPG signal acquisition module and / or fNIRS signal acquisition module in the embodiments of the present invention can obtain more physiological information by emitting light of different wavelengths. For example, red light is suitable for measuring blood flow on the skin surface, green light is suitable for the absorption peak of hemoglobin, and infrared light can penetrate deep into the skin to measure blood flow in deeper tissues. Therefore, the simultaneous use of the three types of light or the selective use of one or more of them can provide more comprehensive and accurate physiological parameters, and the wavelength of the light source can be adjusted according to actual needs. The common light source can be an infrared LED, and the first light signal receiver and / or the second light signal receiver can be a photodiode to measure the intensity of the received light.

[0100] In some embodiments, the integrated brain signal acquisition device further includes an eye movement signal acquisition module, which is designed as an outgoing electrode or additional electrode for attaching to the subject's eye socket, above the cheekbone, or temple to collect electrical signals generated by the subject's eye muscle movements. These acquisition locations are closely related to eye muscle movements and can accurately record electrical signals generated by eye muscle activity, such as horizontal and vertical movements and eye movements during rapid eye movement (REM).

[0101] In some embodiments, the integrated brain signal acquisition device further includes a reference electrode module 6, which includes a first reference electrode 61 and a second reference electrode 62, wherein the first reference electrode 61 and / or the second reference electrode 62 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main body 1. Reference electrodes play an important role in electroencephalogram (EEG) signal acquisition, and are used to provide a comparison reference point to accurately record brain electrical activity.

[0102] Furthermore, the first reference electrode 61 is used as a reference electrode for collecting EEG signals, or is connected to an ear clip via the first interface 101 as a reference electrode for collecting EEG signals. The second reference electrode 62 is used as a reference electrode for collecting EEG signals, or is connected to an ear clip via the second interface 102 as a reference electrode for collecting EEG signals, or is connected to an ear clip with an integrated biosensor via the second interface 102 to collect PPG signals and / or fNIRS signals. The first interface 101 and the second interface 102 can use Type-C interfaces and are located at the bottom of the first reference electrode 61 and the second reference electrode 62 on the main body 1.

[0103] In the above embodiment, if both the first reference electrode 61 and the second reference electrode 62 serve as reference electrodes simultaneously, forming a dual reference electrode configuration, this has the advantage of improving the accuracy and reliability of EEG signals, enhancing contrast reference, reducing common-mode noise, and increasing spatial resolution, thereby providing more accurate EEG activity measurement and analysis. Reference electrodes are used to provide a baseline signal relative to other locations on the scalp to accurately measure EEG activity. Using a single reference electrode can lead to errors due to improper electrode positioning. Using dual reference electrodes can enhance contrast reference, thereby reducing the effects of improper electrode positioning. Using dual reference electrodes can reduce the impact of common-mode noise and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of EEG signals. By placing the reference electrodes symmetrically on both sides of the head, the spatial resolution of EEG signals can be improved. This allows for more accurate localization of the source of brain activity and further analysis of functional connectivity between different brain regions. In some cases, EEG signals may be affected by artifacts such as muscle movement and blinking. Using dual reference electrodes can better remove these artifacts, improving EEG signal quality.

[0104] In the above embodiment, if the first reference electrode 61 serves as the reference electrode and the second reference electrode 62 serves as the input for the PPG signal and / or fNIRS signal, the advantages include high integration, fusion of time and frequency domain information, precise timing alignment, and the elimination of additional sensors. Combining the reference electrode and biosensors (such as PPG signals and / or fNIRS signals) in the same device enables highly integrated EEG and physiological signal acquisition. This means that researchers can simultaneously acquire EEG activity and physiological parameters such as heart rate and blood oxygen level, simplifying the experimental setup and data acquisition process. EEG signals provide time domain information about brain activity, while PPG signals and / or fNIRS signals provide time and frequency domain information about physiological parameters such as heart rate and blood oxygen level. By integrating these signals, more comprehensive and rich physiological data can be obtained, contributing to a deeper understanding of the interaction between the brain and physiological functions. Because the first reference electrode 61 and the second reference electrode 62 are in the same device, timing alignment between the EEG signal and the PPG signal and / or fNIRS signal can be ensured. This facilitates more accurate analysis and study of the temporal correlation between brain activity and physiological parameters. Using the second reference electrode 62 as the input for PPG and / or fNIRS signals eliminates the need for additional sensors or equipment to acquire these signals. This not only simplifies experimental setup but also reduces costs and operational complexity.

[0105] In some embodiments, the position of the first reference electrode 61 and / or the second reference electrode 62 on the main body 1 is configured to correspond to the mastoid position of the subject's brain area. The mastoid position is located at the back of the head, close to the brain, and can obtain relevant physiological signals more accurately. Configuring the reference electrode and physiological sensor at the mastoid position can reduce the movement of the equipment in other parts of the head, simplify the experimental operation process, and help maintain the consistency and repeatability of the experiment. The mastoid position is relatively stable and away from interference sources such as facial muscle activity, which helps to improve the quality and stability of the signal. Since the mastoid position on the back of the head is relatively flat and easy to fix, it is suitable as a fixing point for electrodes and sensors, which helps to reduce the movement and interference of the equipment during the experiment.

[0106] In some embodiments, the integrated brain signal acquisition device further includes a nine-axis signal acquisition module 7, which includes at least one of an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a gyroscope, and is used to collect information about the subject's head movement status. The nine-axis signal acquisition module 7 can be arranged at the front or rear end of the main body 1. The nine-axis signal acquisition module 7 can enhance spatial positioning information, improve signal quality, facilitate experimental operations, and has wide applicability and application.

[0107] In the above embodiment, the nine-axis signal acquisition module 7 may include an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a gyroscope, and can record information such as the position, direction, and motion state of the head of the subject 1 in real time. By combining this information with the EEG signal, the spatial position of the EEG signal can be more accurately determined, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of EEG signal analysis.

[0108] Since EEG signals are affected by the head position and motion state of the subject 1, the use of the nine-axis signal acquisition module 7 can obtain more accurate positioning and motion information, which helps to reduce motion artifacts and noise in the EEG signal and improve signal quality. Placing the nine-axis signal acquisition module 7 at the front or back end of the subject 1 can avoid the module from having an adverse effect on the center of gravity of the subject 1, and also have a positive impact on wearing comfort. It also facilitates the experimental operator to make necessary settings and adjustments. Figure 1-4 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, since the amplifier module 8 is arranged at the rear end of the main body 1 (on the right side of the figure), the nine-axis signal acquisition module 7 can be arranged at the front end of the main body 1 (on the left side of the figure), so that information such as the posture, direction and movement state of the head can be obtained more accurately. This is very important for determining the center position of the brain area and the spatial distribution of EEG signals, which helps to improve the accuracy of EEG signal analysis. Combined with the position of the reference reference point in the center of the brain area, the nine-axis signal acquisition module 7 at the front end can capture the slight movement and posture changes of the head more timely, thereby reducing the artifacts caused by head movement in the EEG signal and improving the purity and quality of the signal.

[0109] In some embodiments, the integrated brain signal acquisition device further includes an amplifier module 8. Depending on actual needs, the amplifier module 8 is integrated with the main body 1 or is detachably provided. The integrated setting described here means that the amplifier module 8 and the main body 1 are an integral part of the whole, such as being fixed inside the device. This design helps to reduce the use of cables, improve the portability of the device, and reduce signal interference. At the same time, the integrated setting also facilitates the maintenance and management of the device. The detachable setting described here means allowing the amplifier module 8 to be separated from the main body 1. Such a design can bring greater flexibility, and users can choose amplifier modules 8 of different specifications and functions according to their needs, or perform more convenient cleaning and maintenance. In addition, the detachable setting can also facilitate future upgrades and replacements.

[0110] Furthermore, the amplifier module 8 includes an amplifier chip, a filter, and an analog-to-digital converter. The amplifier module 8 amplifies, filters, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the collected weak EEG signals. The amplifier chip amplifies the EEG signals, the filter removes interference, and the analog-to-digital converter converts the analog signals into digital signals for subsequent signal processing and analysis.

[0111] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, the integrated brain signal acquisition device also includes a storage module for storing the signals collected by the integrated brain signal acquisition device. The storage module can be a built-in memory chip or an expandable storage medium such as a memory card or flash memory. The storage module allows users to conveniently save and transmit collected data for subsequent analysis and processing. Compared to wireless real-time data transmission, the further transmission storage module allows collected signal data to be stably stored, avoiding data loss or transmission errors that may occur during real-time transmission. This is very important for applications that require long-term recording and storage of EEG signal data. The further transmission storage module ensures that the collected data is completely stored, including all details and features. In wireless real-time transmission, data packets may be lost or incomplete due to network instability or transmission delays. The storage module, however, ensures that each collected data is completely stored for subsequent analysis and processing. The storage module enables offline data storage, providing higher data security than wireless transmission. Especially when processing and transmitting sensitive data, the use of the storage module can better protect data privacy and confidentiality. The storage module allows users to independently select the time and method of data transmission. Not restricted by network conditions and real-time transmission speed, users can choose the appropriate time to transmit data to the host computer or other devices according to their needs and convenience.

[0112] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, the integrated brain signal acquisition device also includes a wireless transmission module for transmitting the signals collected by the integrated brain signal acquisition device to a host computer via wireless transmission. This wireless transmission module can use Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or other wireless communication technologies to achieve real-time data transmission, facilitating remote monitoring and control by users.

[0113] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, the integrated brain signal acquisition device also includes a wired transmission interface 81 for transmitting the signals collected by the integrated brain signal acquisition device to a host computer via wired transmission. The wired transmission interface 81 can use USB, HDMI, etc. These interfaces can provide stable and high-speed data transmission and are suitable for real-time monitoring and high-load data processing. In addition, the wired transmission interface 81 can also have a power transmission function.

[0114] In some embodiments, as Figure 5As shown, the integrated brain signal acquisition device also includes an energy storage module for storing the electrical energy required for the integrated brain signal acquisition device to operate. The energy storage module can be a built-in battery or a rechargeable battery for powering the device. The energy storage module allows the device to be independent of an external power source, providing portability and flexibility.

[0115] The following combination Figures 1-4 , further illustrating the specific structure of the integrated brain signal acquisition device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0116] In some embodiments, the main body 1 includes an annular structure, which includes a forehead arc segment 11 and a back brain arc segment 12. The EEG signal electrode module 2 includes a frontal electrode group 21 and an occipital electrode group 22. The frontal electrode group 21 is arranged on the inner side of the forehead arc segment 11, and the occipital electrode group 22 is arranged on the inner side of the back brain arc segment 12. This arrangement arranges the electrode groups on the arc structure around the head, which can more comprehensively collect EEG signals from various areas of the head. Specifically, the forehead arc segment 11 and the back brain arc segment 12 are respectively located at the front and back of the head. Since the shape of the head is similar to that of a sphere, the inner sides of these two arc segments can better fit the surface of the head skin. The frontal electrode group 21 and the occipital electrode group 22 are respectively located on the inner sides of the forehead arc segment 11 and the back brain arc segment 12, which can cover the front and back areas of the head and collect EEG signal data from these areas. Through this arrangement, the ring-shaped electrode group can more comprehensively collect EEG signals from various areas of the head, which helps to improve the spatial resolution and sensitivity of EEG signals, and has great advantages for some refined EEG signal analysis and processing.

[0117] In some embodiments, the main body 1 may further include a top structure corresponding to the parietal lobe brain area of the subject, and the top structure and the annular structure are an integrated structure. The top structure may be an arc-shaped structure similar to the forehead arc-shaped segment 11 and the posterior brain arc-shaped segment 12, and the extension direction of the top structure may be perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the extension direction of the annular structure. The top structure may also include multiple arc-shaped structures to enclose and detect a larger range of subject brain areas. The top structure and the annular structure are an integrated structure, which can better control the position and stability of the electrodes, and reduce the influence of factors such as noise and interference on the recording. In addition, this structure can also provide better support and comfort, allowing the subjects to be more relaxed and natural during the experiment.

[0118] Furthermore, the EEG signal electrode module includes a parietal electrode group, which is positioned on the inner side of the parietal structure. The parietal electrode group captures electrical signals generated by the brain by placing electrodes on the scalp. The parietal electrode group is placed on the inner side of the parietal structure to better record and monitor electrical activity related to parietal lobe functions. The parietal lobe is located in the upper part of the brain and is associated with functions such as spatial perception, visual information processing, body position perception, and multimodal integration.

[0119] Furthermore, the frontal electrode set 21 comprises multi-conductor sheet-shaped dry electrodes, and the occipital electrode set 22 comprises multi-conductor needle-shaped dry electrodes. Both the frontal electrode set 21 and the occipital electrode set 22 utilize a dry electrode design, eliminating the conductive medium such as electrolytic gel or fat required by traditional wet electrodes and simplifying the electrode usage process.

[0120] Sheet-shaped dry electrodes can be made of metal sheets (such as Ag / AgCl solid powder) and can be directly attached to the five hairs of the scalp in the forehead area, making contact with the scalp surface to collect EEG signals. Needle-shaped dry electrodes can be made of multiple slender needle-shaped or cylindrical conductors (such as Ag / AgCl solid powder), with the front end inserted into the scalp under the hair and forming good contact with it, so as to more deeply contact the EEG signals in the occipital lobe area of the brain. This design can provide more stable and reliable signal quality and is very useful for research that needs to record activity in the posterior brain area.

[0121] The advantages of these two types of dry electrode designs are that they can reduce the impedance between the electrode and the skin, improve the quality and stability of the signal, and also reduce the preparation work and maintenance costs required for using wet electrodes. They can be widely used in EEG signal acquisition and are suitable for various research and clinical scenarios.

[0122] In some embodiments, the EDA signal acquisition module 3, EMG signal acquisition module, PPG signal acquisition module 4, fNIRS signal acquisition module 5, and / or nine-axis signal acquisition module 7 are disposed in the forehead arc segment 11. The EDA signal acquisition module is used to measure changes in skin conductivity to reflect the activity of the human autonomic nervous system and emotional state. By disposing the EDA signal acquisition module 3 in the forehead arc segment 11, the galvanic skin response of the forehead region can be conveniently monitored. The PPG signal acquisition module 4 is used to measure blood volume pulsation and provide estimates of physiological parameters such as heart rate and blood oxygen saturation. By disposing the PPG signal acquisition module 4 in the forehead arc segment 11, blood volume pulsation signals in the forehead region can be conveniently obtained for monitoring blood flow changes and physiological changes. The fNIRS signal acquisition module 5 is used to measure changes in the concentrations of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin in the cerebral cortex region to indirectly reflect brain activity. By disposing the fNIRS signal acquisition module 5 in the forehead arc segment 11, brain activity signals in the forehead region can be conveniently located. The nine-axis signal acquisition module 7 includes a three-axis accelerometer, a three-axis gyroscope, and a three-axis magnetometer, and is used to measure the acceleration, angular velocity, and direction of an object. Placing the nine-axis signal acquisition module 7 in the forehead arc section 11 facilitates monitoring of head posture and motion.

[0123] By placing these signal acquisition modules in the forehead arc segment 11, comprehensive monitoring and analysis of multiple physiological and motion signals from the forehead region can be achieved. This design facilitates the acquisition of real-time information on brain activity, emotional state, cardiovascular function, and head posture, providing more comprehensive and accurate data support for various applications.

[0124] In some embodiments, the main body 1 is configured to be able to stretch along its length and / or width to accommodate subjects with different head circumferences. This design ensures that the device can adapt to the head sizes of different individuals and provide a more comfortable and fitting wearing experience. By stretching along the length and / or width, the size of the device can be adjusted according to the subject's head circumference, thereby ensuring that the device can fit the subject's head tightly without being too loose or too tight. This is very important for the collection of EEG signals, physiological signals, and motion data. Proper wearing can ensure the stability and accuracy of the signals.

[0125] In addition, the telescopic design of the main body 1 can also improve the versatility and applicability of the device. It is not necessary to design multiple devices of different sizes for subjects with different head circumferences, which saves costs and is more convenient and practical. This telescopic design can be achieved through adjustable materials or mechanical structures, and has good engineering feasibility and ease of use. Figure 1As shown, the main body 1 further includes a middle section 13, which is located between the forehead arc section 11 and the back of the head arc section 12, and can achieve a telescopic function through a pulling structure.

[0126] In some embodiments, the annular structure of the main body 1 or the forehead arc segment 11 and the back of the head arc segment 12 are made of silicone. Silicone is a soft, durable material with good elasticity and adaptability, which is suitable for the design of head-mounted devices. The silicone material is soft and has a certain elasticity, can provide a comfortable wearing experience, and can adapt to different head shapes and sizes. The silicone material has high plasticity and can be adjusted according to the individual's head shape to achieve better fit and stability. The silicone material has good wear resistance and durability, and can withstand long-term use and frequent stretching and deformation without being easily damaged. The silicone material will not cause irritation or allergic reactions to the skin.

[0127] In some embodiments, a skin-friendly flexible layer 103 is provided on the inner surface of the main body 1 at positions corresponding to the EEG signal electrode module 2, the EDA signal acquisition module 3 and / or the PPG signal acquisition module 4. The skin-friendly flexible layer 103 may be a sponge layer, which can provide better skin contact and comfort, and optimize the signal transmission between the sensor and the skin. The skin-friendly flexible layer 103 can be in close contact with the skin and has a softness and touch similar to that of the skin, reducing discomfort and irritation. The skin-friendly flexible layer 103 has good air permeability, which can reduce moisture and stuffiness and maintain the comfort of the wearer. The skin-friendly flexible layer 103 has a certain degree of elasticity and plasticity, and can adapt to different head shapes and sizes to provide a personalized fit.

[0128] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the EEG signal electrode module 2 also includes a GND electrode 23 (Ground), which is located at the center of the forehead arc segment 11. The GND electrode 23 is a ground electrode, which is used to provide a reference potential and reduce external interference. The GND electrode 23 provides a reference potential for measuring the potential difference recorded by other EEG signal electrodes. Placing the GND electrode 23 at the center of the forehead arc segment 11 can serve as a good reference point to provide a stable reference potential. One of the functions of the GND electrode 23 is to reduce the impact of external environmental interference on EEG signals. Placing the GND electrode 23 at the center of the forehead arc segment 11 can minimize noise and interference from the surrounding environment and improve the purity of the signal. Placing the GND electrode 23 at the center of the forehead arc segment 11 can achieve better wearing balance and stability, making the user feel more comfortable during wearing.

[0129] In some embodiments, the EDA electrode 31 and the EMG electrode are shared electrodes, or the EDA electrode and the EMG electrode are independently provided electrodes. Furthermore, the EDA signal acquisition module includes one or more EDA electrodes 31. When the EDA signal acquisition module includes multiple EDA electrodes 31, the multiple EDA electrodes 31 are respectively located on either side of the GND electrode. Similarly, when the EMG signal acquisition module includes one or more EMG electrodes, when the EMG signal acquisition module includes multiple EMG electrodes, the multiple EMG electrodes are respectively located on either side of the GND electrode.

[0130] like Figure 2 or Figure 3 As shown, two EDA electrodes 31 are provided, one on each side of the GND electrode 23. Using two EDA electrodes can improve signal quality and accuracy. In this arrangement, two EDA electrodes are placed on both sides of the GND electrode 23 to form a differential circuit. This arrangement helps to eliminate environmental interference and cross-interference with other signal sources, and improve signal quality and stability. The distance between the two EDA electrodes should be as equal as possible to ensure the normal operation of the differential circuit. The two electrodes can be placed on the same horizontal line and maintained at an appropriate distance to avoid short circuits between the electrodes.

[0131] In the above embodiment, in the shared electrode setting, the same electrode is used to collect EDA and EMG signals at the same time. The shared electrode is in contact with the skin and is used to collect skin electrical response signals. It is also used to collect electrical signals when the muscles connected to it contract. The placement of the shared electrode may need to be adjusted according to specific experimental requirements. Both EDA and EMG electrodes can use the same type of electrodes, such as Ag / AgCl electrodes, and software can be used to control whether EDA or EMG signals are collected. The shared electrode is in contact with the skin and can be used to collect skin electrical response signals, because when a person's emotions or state of consciousness changes, the skin's conductivity (EDA signal) will also change accordingly. At the same time, the shared electrode can also be used to collect electrical signals when the muscles connected to it contract, that is, EMG signals. When the muscles contract, tiny changes in potential will occur, and these changes can be recorded and analyzed by the shared electrode.

[0132] It’s worth noting that while EDA and EMG signals can use the same electrodes, their signal characteristics and processing methods may differ. Therefore, during data acquisition and analysis, appropriate software and algorithms are required to control whether EDA or EMG signals are being collected, and to perform appropriate preprocessing and analysis.

[0133] In a separate electrode setup, separate electrodes are used to collect EDA and EMG signals. One electrode is dedicated to collecting galvanic skin response signals (the EDA electrode), while the other electrode is used to collect electrical signals from the connected muscle contractions (the EMG electrode). These two electrodes can be placed in different locations to ensure accurate collection of the required signals.

[0134] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the integrated brain signal acquisition device in the embodiment of the present invention may also include an ear clip module 9, which includes a first ear clip 91 and a second ear clip 92. The first ear clip 91 is used to connect to the first interface 101 position below the first reference electrode 61, and the second ear clip 92 is used to connect to the second interface 102 position below the second reference electrode 62. The purpose of this design is to provide an additional reference electrode. The first interface 101 and the second interface 102 can use the Type-C interface form, but are not limited to this, such as other forms of USB interfaces.

[0135] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first ear clip 91 and / or the second ear clip 92 may be configured with biosensors, such as PPG signal acquisition, EDA signal acquisition, etc. This design can enhance the functionality and diversity of the integrated brain signal acquisition device and provide users with more comprehensive physiological monitoring data.

[0136] PPG signal acquisition technology is a non-invasive heart rate detection technology that uses optical sensors to measure hemodynamic parameters and can monitor physiological indicators such as heart rate and heart rate variability. In this embodiment of the present invention, if the first ear clip 91 and / or the second ear clip 92 are equipped with a PPG sensor, the user can easily monitor their heart rate without the need for additional equipment.

[0137] EDA signal acquisition technology measures the electrical conductivity of the skin's surface, reflecting physiological states such as mood and stress. If the first ear clip 91 and / or the second ear clip 92 are equipped with EDA sensors, users can monitor their emotional state and improve their self-awareness and emotional management skills.

[0138] By configuring biosensors on the first ear clip 91 and / or the second ear clip 92 , the functionality of the integrated brain signal acquisition device can be improved, and more health monitoring and self-management tools can be provided to users.

[0139] The following combination Figure 6 Further explanation is given of the arrangement positions of the eight-lead dry electrodes of the integrated brain signal acquisition device in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0140] The placement of electrodes usually follows the international 10-20 system or other corresponding placement standards. The integrated brain signal acquisition device in the embodiment of the present invention adopts dry electrode technology, which does not require the use of gel or colloid, simplifying the electrode placement and cleaning process. Figure 6 As shown, in a clockwise direction, the eight dry electrodes can be selected at eight locations: AF7, Fp1, Fp2, AF8, PO8, O2, O1, and PO7. The GND electrode 23 is located at the FpZ location, one EDA electrode 31 is located between the Fp1 and FpZ locations, another EDA electrode 31 is located between the Fp2 and FpZ locations, and the PPG signal acquisition module 4 is located between the Fp2 and AF8 locations. A first reference electrode 61 is located at the T7 location, and a second reference electrode 62 is located at the T8 location. The nine-axis signal acquisition module 7 can be located on the backside of the GND electrode 23.

[0141] The above examples are for illustrative purposes only. The number and layout of the stem electrodes can be selected based on research needs and experimental design. It should be noted that EEG signals from different brain regions have different characteristics and meanings, so it is very important to select appropriate stem electrode locations in the study. Depending on the research objectives, other specific brain regions may be selected to observe corresponding EEG activity and further analyze its association with specific behaviors, cognitive functions, or disease states.

[0142] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a signal acquisition method, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned integrated brain signal acquisition device. Figure 7 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0143] EEG signal acquisition steps: After the integrated brain signal acquisition device is worn on the subject's brain area, the EEG signal of the subject is collected through the EEG signal electrode module;

[0144] Multimodal signal acquisition steps:

[0145] Collecting skin electrical response signals of specific areas of the subject through the EDA signal acquisition module; and / or

[0146] Collecting the subject's physiological parameters through the PPG signal acquisition module; and / or

[0147] Collecting electrical signals accompanying the subject's muscle contraction through an EMG signal acquisition module; and / or

[0148] Collect changes in blood oxygen levels in the subject's brain tissue using an fNIRS signal acquisition module; and / or

[0149] Collect the subject's head movement status through the nine-axis signal acquisition module; and / or

[0150] The electrical signals generated by the subjects' eye muscle movements are collected through the eye movement signal acquisition module;

[0151] Signal transmission step: The EEG signal and / or multimodal signal processed by the amplifier module designed as an integral part of the main body is transmitted to the host computer via wireless transmission, or stored in the storage module of the integrated brain signal acquisition device.

[0152] In the above embodiment, the method can not only collect EEG signals, but also simultaneously collect multiple biosignals (such as galvanic skin response, physiological parameters, muscle electrical signals, changes in brain tissue blood oxygen levels, head movement status, and eye movement signals), making the data more comprehensive and diverse. By obtaining comprehensive information from multiple signals, a more comprehensive understanding of the subject's physiological state and brain activity can be achieved.

[0153] Using an integrated brain signal acquisition device for signal collection is more convenient and faster than traditional wet electrodes, as it does not require auxiliary materials such as conductive gel. The dry electrode design reduces operational complexity and inconvenience, improving collection efficiency and user experience.

[0154] After processing by the integrated amplifier module, the collected EEG signals and other multimodal signals can be wirelessly transmitted to a host computer or stored within the device. Wireless transmission eliminates the limitations of traditional wired connections, making the experimental process more flexible and free, and facilitating real-time monitoring and remote access of data. EEG and multimodal signals can be stored in the storage module of the integrated brain signal acquisition device, preventing data loss and facilitating subsequent data processing and analysis. Researchers can perform offline analysis of the collected data to further investigate the subject's physiological state and brain activity.

[0155] In some embodiments, the step of collecting the skin electrical response signal of a specific area of the subject through the EDA signal acquisition module is completed by an EDA signal acquisition module integrally provided with the main body, and / or, is completed by an EDA signal acquisition module connected to the main body output line. Collecting the skin electrical response signal can be completed by an EDA signal acquisition module integrally provided with the main body or connected to the output line. The skin electrical response signal refers to the change in skin conductivity of the human body under emotional stimulation, and can be used to assess the emotional state and stress level of the subject.

[0156] The step of collecting the subject's physiological parameters via the PPG signal acquisition module is accomplished by a PPG signal acquisition module integrally incorporated into the main body and / or by a PPG signal acquisition module connected to an output line of the main body. Physiological parameters can be collected via a PPG signal acquisition module integrally incorporated into the main body or connected to an output line. Physiological parameters primarily include heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood oxygen saturation, and can be used to assess the subject's physiological state and physical health.

[0157] The step of acquiring changes in the blood oxygen level of the subject's brain tissue using an fNIRS signal acquisition module is completed by the fNIRS signal acquisition module connected to the main body output line. fNIRS technology is a near-infrared imaging technology that can be used to measure changes in the blood oxygen level of brain tissue and thus assess the subject's brain activity status.

[0158] The step of collecting electrical signals generated by the subject's eye muscle movements using an eye movement signal acquisition module is accomplished by an eye movement signal acquisition module connected to the main body output line. Eye movement signals refer to electrical signals generated by eye movement and can be used to study issues such as the subject's visual attention and motor control.

[0159] In the above embodiments, different types of bio-signal data can be obtained through different signal acquisition modules, namely, skin electrical response signals, physiological parameters, changes in brain tissue blood oxygen levels, and eye movement signals. For example, skin electrical response signals and physiological parameters support both integrated settings and wired connections. The integrated setting provides the convenience of wearing and moving, and is suitable for application scenarios that require long-term monitoring. The wired connection provides a higher data transmission rate and stability, and is suitable for research that requires high-precision data acquisition and real-time analysis. The integrated setting can directly contact the subject's body to obtain more accurate and stable bio-signal data. The wired connection method can provide a higher sampling rate and accuracy through dedicated sensors to meet the research needs with higher signal quality requirements.

[0160] The integrated brain signal acquisition device in the embodiments of the present invention features a compact and lightweight design, making it easy to carry and use. Based on the electrode material and circuit design, it provides stable signal quality and features adjustable electrode lead channel configuration to accommodate diverse research needs. Through wireless connectivity and a visual interface, it monitors and records EEG activity in real time, providing data analysis and reporting capabilities. It offers researchers and clinical professionals a convenient EEG monitoring solution, advancing research and applications in the field of neuroscience.

[0161] The integrated brain signal acquisition device in the embodiments of this invention addresses key challenges currently facing domestic EEG research and applied research, such as stringent requirements for the experimental environment, complex operation that places high demands on subjects and participants, and wearable comfort. The system combines internationally advanced EEG measurement technology and algorithmic principles, employing high-precision components and a hardware clock synchronization calibration algorithm. Its wearable design, based on a Chinese human body model database, is more ergonomic, ensuring high-quality EEG signal acquisition while also balancing comfort and a sense of technology.

[0162] The operating steps of the integrated brain signal acquisition device in the embodiment of the present invention are very simple, the preparation time is short, the subjects do not need to wash their hair before and after the experiment, and a strict experimental environment is not required. The subject can quickly get started due to its portability and unique anti-magnetic and anti-noise design. It can be applied to various complex on-site and simulated research environments.

[0163] The integrated brain signal acquisition device in the embodiment of the present invention has the characteristics of high-precision electrodes and portability, and has a wider range of application scenarios and subject groups. It can not only be used for EEG recording in standard laboratories, but also for real-time individual status monitoring in scenarios such as virtual reality, driving simulation, and real-site environments.

[0164] The integrated brain signal acquisition device in this embodiment of the present invention can be used in research laboratories, providing researchers with a fast and convenient tool for EEG signal acquisition. It eliminates the need for scalp pretreatment and conductive paste, reducing experimental preparation time and operational complexity. Researchers can easily adapt the device to various experimental scenarios to explore multiple aspects of brain activity.

[0165] The integrated brain signal acquisition device in this embodiment of the present invention can be used for research in natural environments, eliminating the need for conductive paste injection and scalp pretreatment, making it ideal for conducting research in natural settings. Researchers can collect EEG signals from participants outdoors, during daily activities, and even during exercise, providing a more realistic understanding of brain behavior and cognition in different environments.

[0166] The integrated brain signal acquisition device in this embodiment of the present invention can be used for neurofeedback therapy and biofeedback training. By monitoring EEG and multimodal signals in real time, it provides a broader range of data dimensions, allowing participants to understand their own brain activity and physiological patterns, and improve their cognitive and emotional states through training and regulation. The device's portability and comfortable design allow for more flexible application of neurofeedback therapy and biofeedback training in various clinical and non-clinical settings.

[0167] The integrated brain signal acquisition device in this embodiment can be used in brain-computer interface research. By capturing EEG signals and converting them into control signals, participants can operate external devices such as prosthetic limbs, wheelchairs, or computer interfaces through their thoughts and intentions. The device's performance and anti-interference capabilities ensure accurate and reliable signal acquisition for efficient brain-computer interface applications.

[0168] The flexibility, reliability, and convenience of the integrated brain signal acquisition device in this embodiment of the present invention make it suitable for multiple fields of neuroscience research, including neurofeedback, brain-computer interfaces, cognitive science, and psychology. It provides researchers with greater freedom and innovation, promoting the further development and application of brain science.

[0169] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the various exemplary components, systems and methods described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, software or a combination of the two. Whether it is specifically performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention. When implemented in hardware, it can be, for example, an electronic circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), appropriate firmware, a plug-in, a function card, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of the present invention are programs or code segments that are used to perform the required tasks. The program or code segment can be stored in a machine-readable medium, or transmitted on a transmission medium or a communication link via a data signal carried in a carrier.

[0170] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and illustrated in the figures. For the sake of brevity, a detailed description of known methods is omitted. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and illustrated as examples. However, the method of the present invention is not limited to the specific steps described and illustrated. Those skilled in the art may make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of the steps after understanding the spirit of the present invention.

[0171] In the present invention, features described and / or illustrated for one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, and / or combined with or replace features of other embodiments.

[0172] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations to the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated brain signal acquisition device, characterized in that: The device comprises an integrated main body, an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal electrode module is provided on the inner side of the main body, and at least one of the following is also provided on the inner side of the main body: an EDA signal acquisition module, a PPG signal acquisition module, and an EMG signal acquisition module; The EEG signal electrode module corresponds to at least one brain region of the subject's frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe, and includes a plurality of guide electrodes for collecting EEG signals; The EDA signal acquisition module is used to collect the skin electrical response signal of the subject; The PPG signal acquisition module is used to record the subject's physiological parameters through optical measurement; The EMG signal acquisition module is used to collect electrical signals accompanying the contraction of the subject's muscles.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes an fNIRS signal acquisition module for infrared spectroscopy to record changes in blood oxygen levels in the subjects’ brain tissue; The fNIRS signal acquisition module is provided on the main body, or the fNIRS signal acquisition module is connected to the main body via an outgoing line connection.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The PPG signal acquisition module includes a first light source and a first light signal receiver, wherein the first light source can selectively emit at least red light or green light; The fNIRS signal acquisition module includes a second light source and a second light signal receiver, wherein the second light source is capable of selectively emitting at least near-infrared light; The first light source and the second light source are both independently arranged light sources; or, the first light source and the second light source are a common light source, and the common light source can selectively emit at least any one of red light, green light and near-infrared light; when the common light source is used for PPG signal acquisition, it is configured to emit red light or green light; when the common light source is used for fNIRS signal acquisition, it is configured to emit near-infrared light.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The device also includes an eye movement signal acquisition module, which is an outgoing electrode for attaching to the subject's eye socket, above the cheekbone or temple to collect electrical signals generated by the subject's eye muscle movement.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The apparatus further comprises a reference electrode module, wherein the reference electrode module comprises a first reference electrode and / or a second reference electrode; The first reference electrode is used as a reference electrode for collecting EEG signals, or is connected to an ear clip via a first interface as a reference electrode for collecting EEG signals; The second reference electrode is used as a reference electrode for collecting EEG signals, or is connected to an ear clip through a second interface as a reference electrode for collecting EEG signals, or is connected to an ear clip with an integrated biosensor through a second interface to collect PPG signals and / or fNIRS signals.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The position of the first reference electrode and / or the second reference electrode on the main body is configured to correspond to the position of the mastoid process of the subject's brain region; When the reference electrode module includes a first reference electrode and a second reference electrode, the first reference electrode and the second reference electrode are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main body; and / or The device also includes an ear clip module, which includes a first ear clip and / or a second ear clip, the first ear clip is used to connect to a first interface position below the first reference electrode, and the second ear clip is used to connect to a second interface position below the second reference electrode.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The device further includes a nine-axis signal acquisition module, which includes at least one of an acceleration sensor, an angular velocity sensor, and a gyroscope, and is used to collect head activity status information of the subject.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The device further comprises an amplifier module, which is integrally provided with the main body or detachably provided, and the amplifier module comprises an amplifier chip, a filter and an analog-to-digital converter; and / or The EDA electrode and the EMG electrode are shared electrodes, or the EDA electrode and the EMG electrode are independently arranged electrodes.

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The device further comprises: a storage module, configured to store signals collected by the device; and / or A wireless transmission module, used to transmit the signals collected by the device to a host computer via wireless transmission; and / or A wired transmission interface for transmitting the signals collected by the device to a host computer via wired transmission; and / or The energy storage module is used to store the electrical energy required for the equipment to collect and operate.

10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The main body includes a ring structure, which includes a forehead arc segment and a back brain arc segment. The EEG signal electrode module includes a frontal lobe electrode group and an occipital lobe electrode group. The frontal lobe electrode group is arranged on the inner side of the forehead arc segment, and the occipital lobe electrode group is arranged on the inner side of the back brain arc segment.

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that The main body further includes a top structure corresponding to the subject's parietal lobe brain area, and the top structure and the annular structure are an integrated structure.

12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that The EEG signal electrode module includes a parietal electrode group, which is arranged on the inner side of the top structure.

13. The integrated brain signal acquisition device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The main body is configured as an integrated structure that can be stretched along its length and / or width to be suitable for subjects with different head circumferences; and / or The EDA signal acquisition module, the EMG signal acquisition module, the PPG signal acquisition module and / or the fNIRS signal acquisition module are arranged in the forehead arc segment; and / or The annular structure of the main body or the forehead arc segment and the back head arc segment are made of silicone material, and / or The inner surface of the main body is provided with a skin-friendly flexible layer at positions corresponding to the EEG signal electrode module, the EDA signal acquisition module and / or the PPG signal acquisition module; and / or The frontal lobe electrode group includes multi-conductor sheet-shaped dry electrodes, and the occipital lobe electrode group includes multi-conductor needle-shaped dry electrodes; and / or The EEG signal electrode module further includes a GND electrode, and the GND electrode is located at the center of the forehead arc segment; and / or The EDA signal acquisition module includes one or more EDA electrodes. When the EDA signal acquisition module includes multiple EDA electrodes, the multiple EDA electrodes are respectively located on both sides of the GND electrode; and / or The EMG signal acquisition module includes one or more EMG electrodes. When the EMG signal acquisition module includes multiple EMG electrodes, the multiple EMG electrodes are respectively located on both sides of the GND electrode; The nine-axis signal acquisition module is arranged at the front end or rear end of the main body; and / or The amplifier module is arranged at the rear end of the main body or at both sides of the main body.

14. A signal acquisition method, characterized in that: The signal acquisition method is implemented based on the integrated brain signal acquisition device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and the method comprises the following steps: EEG signal acquisition steps: After the integrated brain signal acquisition device is worn on the subject's brain area, the EEG signal of the subject is collected through the EEG signal electrode module; Multimodal signal acquisition steps: Collecting skin electrical response signals of specific areas of the subject through the EDA signal acquisition module; and / or Collecting the subject's physiological parameters through the PPG signal acquisition module; and / or Collecting electrical signals accompanying the subject's muscle contraction through an EMG signal acquisition module; and / or Collect changes in blood oxygen levels in the subject's brain tissue using an fNIRS signal acquisition module; and / or Collect the subject's head movement status through the nine-axis signal acquisition module; and / or The electrical signals generated by the subjects' eye muscle movements are collected through the eye movement signal acquisition module; Signal transmission step: The EEG signal and / or multimodal signal processed by the amplifier module designed as an integral part of the main body is transmitted to the host computer via wireless transmission, or stored in the storage module of the integrated brain signal acquisition device.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The step of collecting the skin electrical response signal of the specific area of the subject through the EDA signal acquisition module is completed by the EDA signal acquisition module integrally provided with the main body, and / or by the EDA signal acquisition module connected to the output line of the main body; and / or, The step of collecting the subject's physiological parameters through the PPG signal acquisition module is completed by the PPG signal acquisition module integrally provided with the main body, and / or, by the PPG signal acquisition module connected to the main body output line; and / or, The step of acquiring changes in blood oxygen levels in the subject's brain tissue by using the fNIRS signal acquisition module is completed by the fNIRS signal acquisition module connected to the main body output line; and / or, The step of collecting the electrical signal generated by the subject's eye muscle movement through the eye movement signal collection module is completed by the eye movement signal collection module connected to the main body output line.

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