A welding auxiliary device and welding method for thin plate welded parts

Abstract

This invention discloses a welding auxiliary device and welding method for thin-plate welded parts, relating to the field of parts processing technology. It includes an upper plate and a lower plate positioned below the upper plate, connected by an adjusting assembly. The upper plate has a processing opening, with symmetrically arranged slide rails on both sides of the opening. Sliding blocks are slidably connected to the slide rails, and welding mechanisms are mounted on the sliding blocks. Two sets of elastic components are symmetrically arranged on the lower surface of the upper plate, respectively positioned on both sides of the processing opening. A clamping assembly is positioned below the elastic components, and a cooling assembly is also provided on the lower surface of the lower plate. This invention, employing the aforementioned welding auxiliary device and welding method for thin-plate welded parts, preheats the welding material through the heating mechanism of the clamping assembly, effectively eliminating thermal stress caused by large temperature gradients during welding. Simultaneously, the reverse force provided by the spring ensures the stability of the workpiece during welding, effectively preventing deformation caused by localized stress.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of parts processing technology, and in particular to a welding auxiliary device and welding method for thin plate welded parts. Background Technology

[0002] In modern manufacturing, welding technology is widely used for joining various mechanical and structural components. Its application is particularly broad for thin-plate welded parts, encompassing numerous fields including automotive manufacturing, aerospace, medical devices, precision instruments, and home appliances. However, thin-plate welding technology faces a series of challenges, primarily due to the low heat resistance and easily deformable nature of thin-plate materials. This characteristic makes thin plates prone to thermal deformation and hot cracking during welding, severely impacting their mechanical properties and aesthetics. Traditional welding techniques, such as manual arc welding and gas shielded welding, are inadequate in addressing these issues, thus creating a demand for new welding auxiliary devices.

[0003] Common welding auxiliary devices include welding fixtures, welding robots, and welding positioners. These devices improve welding accuracy and efficiency to some extent, but they still have shortcomings. For example, welding fixtures are prone to generating local stress when clamping thin plates, leading to deformation of the thin plates after welding. Although welding robots can achieve relatively uniform welding under program control, they are still difficult to fully meet the needs of complex welding paths and delicate operations. Although welding positioners can change the posture of the workpiece and improve welding accessibility, they often require additional support and fixation in thin plate welding. In addition, although welding robots are precise, they require a lot of programming and debugging time when handling complex paths and delicate operations, which increases production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a welding auxiliary device and welding method for thin plate welded parts, so as to improve the welding efficiency and welding quality of thin plate welded parts.

[0005] A welding auxiliary device for thin plate welding is characterized by comprising a welding mechanism, an upper plate, a lower plate, a distance adjustment component, a slide rail, an elastic clamping component, a clamping component, and a cooling component.

[0006] The upper plate has a hollowed-out processing opening in the middle, and two parallel slide rails are set on both sides of the processing opening. The welding mechanism is mounted on the slide rails via a slider, and the welding head passes through the processing opening. An elastic clamping component is provided on the lower surface of both sides of the processing opening of the upper plate.

[0007] The lower plate is located directly below the upper plate and is connected to the upper plate via a distance adjustment assembly. The clamping assembly is mounted on the lower plate and includes a push plate and a micro electric cylinder. The lower plate has an elongated slot, and the lower parts of the two push plates pass through the elongated slot. The lower ends are connected to the output ends of the micro electric cylinders and are driven by the two micro electric cylinders to move in opposite directions or back to back. The cooling assembly is located on the lower surface of the lower plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the distance adjustment assembly includes several threaded rods, transmission wheels, belts, and rotary knobs. The threaded rods pass through the lower end of the upper plate and are rotatably connected to the upper surface of the lower plate. The upper end of the threaded rods passes through the upper plate and is fixedly connected to the transmission wheels. Several transmission wheels are provided, and all of the transmission wheels are connected to the belt drive. A rotary knob is provided above one of the transmission wheels.

[0009] Furthermore, the distance adjustment assembly also includes a tension wheel, which is mounted on the upper plate and is in contact with the belt.

[0010] Furthermore, the elastic clamping assembly includes a spring and a pressure plate, with a groove formed on the lower surface of the upper plate, and the pressure plate connected to the groove by the spring.

[0011] Furthermore, the cooling assembly consists of two cooling pipes disposed on the lower surface of the lower plate and connected to the coolant circulation pump, with the two cooling pipes respectively distributed in a curved shape on both sides of the elongated hole; a heating element is disposed on the outer side of the push plate, and the push plate has a T-shaped structure.

[0012] Furthermore, two arc-shaped plates are symmetrically connected to both sides of the lower plate, and the two micro electric cylinders are respectively mounted on the arc-shaped plates via support blocks.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper plate and the lower plate are made of high-strength aluminum alloy; the cooling pipes are made of copper pipes with a diameter of 10mm, and the distance between the two cooling pipes is 20mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the moving range of the pusher plate is set to 0-500mm, and the moving speed is set to 0-50mm / s.

[0015] Furthermore, the heating temperature range of the heating element is 50-150℃.

[0016] The welding method using the aforementioned auxiliary device for welding thin plate weldments is characterized by the following steps: The thin plate workpiece to be welded is placed on the upper surface of the lower plate and pressed against the push plate. At this time, the micro electric cylinder is activated, causing its output shaft to extend outwards. The output shaft drives the push plate to move, moving the thin plate pressed against the side of the push plate until the center of the welding surfaces of the two thin plates is exactly below the welding head. The micro electric cylinder is then turned off. A rotary knob is then rotated, causing a threaded rod connected to it to rotate. The rotation of the threaded rod causes a transmission wheel connected to it to rotate. Four transmission wheels rotate simultaneously via a belt, driving other threaded rods to rotate. The rotation of the threaded rod causes the upper plate to move up and down. Rotating the threaded rod causes the upper plate to move downwards towards the thin plate. When the pressure plate contacts the thin plate workpiece, it is subjected to pressure and moves upwards, compressing the spring. The spring's reverse force causes the pressure plate to press against the thin plate workpiece, and welding then begins.

[0017] The present invention employs the above-mentioned welding auxiliary device and welding method for thin plate welded parts, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] In this invention, the heating mechanism of the clamping assembly preheats the welding material, which effectively eliminates the thermal stress caused by the large temperature gradient during the welding process. At the same time, the reverse force provided by the spring ensures the stability of the workpiece during the welding process, effectively preventing deformation caused by local stress. In addition, by dynamically adjusting the flow rate and temperature of the coolant, the temperature difference in the welding area is reduced, which further reduces the thermal deformation and cracking of the material after welding, and improves the mechanical properties and appearance quality of the workpiece.

[0019] In this invention, the clamping assembly can be flexibly adjusted according to the shape and size of the workpiece, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the workpiece during the welding process. It is suitable for welding thin plates with various complex shapes. Furthermore, the control system achieves a high degree of automation and intelligent management, which not only simplifies the operation process and reduces the workload of operators, but also reduces the need for complex welding paths and delicate operations, and reduces the time cost of programming and debugging welding robots, making the entire welding process more efficient and economical, and reducing production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the welding auxiliary device and welding method for thin plate welded parts according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the upper plate and the elastic clamping assembly of the welding auxiliary device and welding method for thin plate welded parts according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3This is a bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower plate of the welding auxiliary device and welding method for thin plate welded parts according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower plate of the welding auxiliary device and welding method for thin plate welded parts according to the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Lower plate; 2. Upper plate; 3. Welding mechanism; 4. Slider; 5. Slide rail; 61. Belt; 62. Drive wheel; 63. Tensioner wheel; 64. Threaded rod; 65. Rotary knob; 71. Miniature electric cylinder; 72. Support block; 73. Arc plate; 75. Push plate; 76. Heating element; 81. Groove; 82. Spring; 83. Pressure plate; 9. Cooling pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0027] like Figure 1-4 The welding auxiliary device for thin plate welding provided by the present invention includes a welding mechanism 3, an upper plate 2, a lower plate 1, a distance adjustment component, a slide rail 5, an elastic clamping component, a clamping component, and a cooling component.

[0028] The upper plate 2 and lower plate 1 are made of high-strength aluminum alloy, and their surfaces are precision machined with a flatness error of less than 0.05mm. The upper plate 2 has a hollowed-out machining opening in the center, and two parallel slide rails 5 are arranged on both sides of the machining opening. The welding mechanism 3 is mounted on the slide rails 5 via a slider 4, and the welding head passes through the machining opening. The welding mechanism 3 moves freely on the upper plate 2 under external driving force through the cooperation of the slide rails 5 and the slider 4. An elastic clamping assembly is provided on the lower surface of both sides of the machining opening of the upper plate 2. The elastic clamping assembly includes a spring 82 and a pressure plate 83. A groove 81 is formed on the lower surface of the upper plate 2, and the pressure plate 83 is connected to the groove 81 by the spring 82.

[0029] The lower plate 1 is located directly below the upper plate 2 and is connected to the upper plate 2 via a distance adjustment assembly. A clamping assembly, including push plates 75 and micro-cylinders 71, is mounted on the lower plate 1. The lower plate 1 has an elongated slot, through which the lower parts of two push plates 75 pass, and their lower ends are connected to the output ends of the micro-cylinders 71, driving them to move in opposite directions or backwards. The push plates 75 have a T-shaped structure, and heating elements 76 are provided on their outer sides. Two arc-shaped plates 73 are symmetrically connected to both sides of the lower plate 1, and the two micro-cylinders 71 are respectively mounted on the arc-shaped plates 73 via support blocks 72. The moving range of the push plates 75 is set to 0-500mm, and the moving speed is set to 0-50mm / s; the heating temperature range of the heating elements 76 is 50-150℃. In this embodiment, the heating element 76 is a heating tube with an internal resistance wire.

[0030] The distance adjustment assembly includes several threaded rods 64, drive wheels 62, a belt 61, a rotary knob 65, and a tension wheel 63. The lower end of each threaded rod 64 passes through the upper plate 2 and is threadedly connected to the lower plate 1. The upper end of each threaded rod 64 is fixedly connected to the drive wheel 62. Each drive wheel 62 is connected to the belt 61, and a rotary knob 65 is located above one of the drive wheels 62. The tension wheel 63 is mounted on the upper plate 2 by a bracket and bolts and is in contact with the belt 61. The tension of the belt 61 is changed by adjusting the position of the bracket and thus the position of the tension wheel 63.

[0031] The cooling assembly is disposed on the lower surface of the lower plate 1. The cooling assembly consists of two cooling pipes 9 disposed on the lower surface of the lower plate 1 and connected to the coolant circulation pump. The two cooling pipes 9 are respectively distributed in a curved shape on both sides of the elongated hole. The cooling pipes 9 are made of copper tubing with a diameter of 10 mm, and the distance between the two cooling pipes 9 is 20 mm.

[0032] By turning the rotary knob 65 of the distance adjustment assembly, multiple threaded rods 64 are rotated via the belt 61 and transmission wheel 62, causing the lower plate 1 to move up or down, thus adjusting the distance between the upper plate 2 and the lower plate 1. When pressing the thin plate to be welded, the counterforce of the spring 82 in the elastic pressing assembly causes the pressure plate 83 to squeeze the thin plate workpiece, thereby ensuring the stability of the thin plate workpiece during the welding process.

[0033] The welding mechanism 3 includes a laser welding head and a TIG welding head. The laser welding head uses an ND:YAG laser with a power range of 50-500W and a welding speed range of 1-10m / min. The TIG welding head uses pulsed TIG welding with a current range of 10-100A and a welding speed range of 0.5-5m / min. The welding mechanism 3 passes through the machining port in the middle of the upper plate 2 to weld the thin plate workpiece to be welded.

[0034] The welding method for the above-mentioned auxiliary device for welding thin plate weldments includes the following steps:

[0035] S1. First, clean the surface of the thin plate workpiece to be welded to remove the oxide layer and grease impurities;

[0036] S2. Place the thin plate workpiece to be welded on the upper surface of the lower plate 1 and make it close to the push plate 75. At this time, start the micro electric cylinder 71 so that the output shaft of the micro electric cylinder 71 extends outward. At this time, its output shaft drives the push plate 75 to move. The thin plate to be welded close to the push plate 75 is moved until the weld seam of the two thin plates to be welded is just below the welding head. At this time, turn off the micro electric cylinder 71 and then turn the rotary knob 65. The rotary knob 65 drives the threaded rod 64 connected to it to rotate. The rotation of the threaded rod 64 drives the transmission wheel 62 connected to it to rotate. The four transmission wheels 62 rotate simultaneously through the belt 61, driving the other threaded rods 64 to rotate. When the threaded rods 64 rotate, the upper plate 2 will move up and down. By rotating the threaded rods 64, the upper plate 2 moves down and closer to the thin plate. When the pressure plate 83 contacts the thin plate workpiece, it will be pressured and move upward to squeeze the spring 82. The reverse force of the spring 82 makes the pressure plate 83 press the thin plate workpiece.

[0037] S3. After adjusting the welding parameters, begin welding.

[0038] Experimental Scenario 1: In automobile manufacturing, body components often require thin-plate welding, with the welding material being 1mm thick aluminum alloy;

[0039] 1. Place the 1mm thick aluminum alloy body component on the lower plate 1 and fix it with the clamping assembly. The clamping assembly is adjusted according to the shape and size of the workpiece to ensure the stability and accuracy of the workpiece. At the same time, the heating element 76 on the clamping assembly preheats the workpiece. The preheating temperature is set to 100℃.

[0040] 2. First, the workpiece surface is pretreated to remove the oxide layer and impurities such as grease.

[0041] 3. The laser welding head has a power of 500W, the TIG welding head has a welding current of 50A, the welding speed is 5m / min, and the coolant flow rate is 50L / min. The laser welding head and the TIG welding head are used alternately according to the welding process parameters. After welding is completed, the cooling system at the bottom of the platform is activated to cool the welding area. The flow rate and temperature of the coolant are dynamically adjusted according to the thickness and material of the workpiece to ensure uniform temperature distribution in the welding area and reduce thermal deformation.

[0042] 4. After using this welding method, the welded aluminum alloy body components do not show obvious thermal deformation, the weld is well formed, and there are no pores or cracks. The welding quality is significantly improved, and the production efficiency is also significantly improved.

[0043] Experimental Scenario 2: Engine components in the aerospace field require the welding of thin plates with complex shapes. The welding material is titanium alloy with a thickness of 0.5mm.

[0044] 1. Place the 0.5mm thick titanium alloy engine part on the lower plate 1 and fix it with the clamping assembly. The clamping assembly is adjusted according to the shape and size of the workpiece to ensure the stability and accuracy of the workpiece. At the same time, the heating element 76 on the clamping assembly preheats the workpiece. The preheating temperature is set to 150℃.

[0045] 2. Start the cleaning system to pre-treat the workpiece surface. The spraying unit uses high-pressure gas of 0.8MPa and a spraying speed of 8m / s to remove the oxide layer and impurities such as grease from the workpiece surface. The dust collection unit collects the dust generated during the spraying process to keep the workpiece surface clean.

[0046] 3. The laser welding head has a power of 300W, the TIG welding head has a welding current of 80A, a welding speed of 3m / min, and a coolant flow rate of 60L / min. The laser welding head and the TIG welding head are used alternately according to the welding process parameters. After welding is completed, the cooling system at the bottom of the platform is activated to cool the welding area. The coolant flow rate and temperature are dynamically adjusted according to the thickness and material of the workpiece to ensure uniform temperature distribution in the welding area and reduce thermal deformation.

[0047] 4. The welded titanium alloy engine components did not exhibit thermal deformation or burn-through. The weld formation was good, with no porosity or cracks, demonstrating high welding quality that fully meets the requirements of the aerospace field.

[0048] Experimental Scenario 3: Circuit board soldering in electronic devices requires high precision and good appearance quality. The soldering material is copper with a thickness of 0.3mm.

[0049] 1. Place the 0.3mm thick titanium alloy engine part on the lower plate 1 and fix it with the clamping assembly. The clamping assembly is adjusted according to the shape and size of the workpiece to ensure the stability and accuracy of the workpiece. At the same time, the heating element 76 on the clamping assembly preheats the workpiece, and the preheating temperature is set to 80℃.

[0050] 2. Start the cleaning system to pre-treat the workpiece surface. The spraying unit uses 0.5MPa high-pressure gas to spray at a speed of 6m / s to remove the oxide layer and impurities such as grease from the workpiece surface. The dust collection unit collects the dust generated during the spraying process to keep the workpiece surface clean.

[0051] 3. The laser welding head has a power of 200W, the TIG welding head has a welding current of 30A, the welding speed is 6m / min, and the coolant flow rate is 40L / min. The laser welding head and the TIG welding head are used alternately according to the welding process parameters. After welding is completed, the cooling system at the bottom of the platform is activated to cool the welding area. The coolant flow rate and temperature are dynamically adjusted according to the thickness and material of the workpiece to ensure uniform temperature distribution in the welding area and reduce thermal deformation.

[0052] 4. The welded copper circuit board did not exhibit thermal deformation or burn-through. The weld seam was well-formed, and the appearance quality was high, fully meeting the requirements for electronic equipment manufacturing.

[0053] The intelligent control system of the welding auxiliary device of the present invention allows operators to simply set and monitor parameters, greatly reducing operational complexity, improving production efficiency, and adapting to welding needs in various scenarios, thus possessing high application value.

[0054] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned welding auxiliary device and welding method for thin plate welded parts. By preheating the welding material through the heating mechanism of the clamping assembly, the thermal stress caused by the large temperature gradient during the welding process can be effectively eliminated. At the same time, the reverse force provided by the spring ensures the stability of the workpiece during the welding process and effectively prevents deformation caused by local stress.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding auxiliary device for thin plate welded parts, characterized in that: Includes welding mechanism (3), upper plate (2), lower plate (1), distance adjustment assembly, slide rail (5), elastic clamping assembly, clamping assembly, and cooling assembly. The upper plate (2) has a hollowed-out processing opening in the middle. Two slide rails (5) are set parallel to each other on both sides of the processing opening. The welding mechanism (3) is installed on the slide rails (5) through the slider (4), and the welding head passes through the processing opening. An elastic clamping component is provided on the lower surface of both sides of the processing opening of the upper plate (2). The elastic clamping assembly includes a spring (82) and a pressure plate (83). A groove (81) is formed on the lower surface of the upper plate (2), and the pressure plate (83) is connected to the groove (81) by the spring (82). The lower plate (1) is located directly below the upper plate (2) and is connected to the upper plate (2) through a distance adjustment assembly. The distance adjustment assembly includes several threaded rods (64), transmission wheels (62), belts (61), and rotary knobs (65). The lower end of the threaded rods (64) passes through the upper plate (2) and is threadedly connected to the lower plate (1). The upper end of the threaded rods (64) is fixedly connected to the transmission wheels (62). Several transmission wheels (62) are all connected to the belts (61) for transmission. A rotary knob (65) is provided above one of the transmission wheels (62). The clamping assembly is installed on the lower plate (1) and includes a push plate (75) and a micro electric cylinder (71). The lower plate (1) has an elongated slot. The push plate (75) has a T-shaped structure. A heating element (76) is provided on the outer side of the push plate (75). The lower parts of the two push plates (75) pass through the elongated slot and are connected to the output end of the micro electric cylinder (71) at the bottom. The two micro electric cylinders (71) drive the push plates to move in opposite directions or in opposite directions. Two arc-shaped plates (73) are symmetrically connected on both sides of the lower plate (1). The two micro electric cylinders (71) are respectively mounted on the arc-shaped plates (73) through support blocks (72). The cooling assembly is disposed on the lower surface of the lower plate (1); The welding mechanism includes a laser welding head and a TIG welding head.

2. The welding auxiliary device for thin plate weldments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance adjustment assembly also includes a tension wheel (63), which is mounted on the upper plate (2) and is in contact with the belt (61).

3. The welding auxiliary device for thin plate weldments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling assembly consists of two cooling pipes (9) located on the lower surface of the lower plate (1) and connected to the coolant circulation pump. The two cooling pipes (9) are respectively distributed in a curved shape on both sides of the long groove.

4. The welding auxiliary device for thin plate weldments according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper plate (2) and the lower plate (1) are made of high-strength aluminum alloy; the cooling pipe (9) is made of copper pipe with a diameter of 10 mm and the distance between the two cooling pipes (9) is 20 mm.

5. The welding auxiliary device for thin plate weldments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving range of the push plate (75) is set to 0-500mm, and the moving speed is set to 0-50mm / s.

6. The welding auxiliary device for thin plate weldments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating temperature range of the heating element (76) is 50-150℃.

7. A welding method using the welding auxiliary device for thin plate weldments according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Place the thin plate workpiece to be welded on the upper surface of the lower plate (1) and close it to the push plate (75). At this time, start the micro electric cylinder (71) so that the output shaft of the micro electric cylinder (71) extends outward. At this time, its output shaft drives the push plate (75) to move, and the thin plate close to the side of the push plate (75) is moved until the weld seam of the two thin plates is just below the welding head. At this time, turn off the micro electric cylinder (71) and then turn the rotary knob (65). The rotary knob (65) drives the threaded rod (64) connected to it to rotate. The threaded rod (64) rotates. The drive wheel (62) connected to it rotates. The four drive wheels (62) rotate simultaneously through the belt (61) and drive the other threaded rods (64) to rotate. When the threaded rods (64) rotate, the upper plate (2) moves up and down. By rotating the threaded rods (64), the upper plate (2) moves down and gets closer to the thin plate. When the pressure plate (83) contacts the thin plate workpiece, it will be pressured and move upward to squeeze the spring (82). The reverse force of the spring (82) makes the pressure plate (83) press the thin plate workpiece, and then welding begins.

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