Lithium battery charging and discharging control method for hybrid power motorcycle

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid power motorcycle lithium battery charging and discharging control method, and relates to the technical field of hybrid power motorcycle control. The method comprises the steps that an all-in-one machine controller voltage regulating threshold value is set according to the lithium battery specification and the whole vehicle working condition; a charging and discharging MAP table is set for the lithium battery, and after the whole vehicle runs, the lithium battery uploads allowable charging and discharging current to a CAN network according to the real-time battery cell temperature and the SOC value; the all-in-one machine controller regularly collects messages sent by the lithium battery on the CAN network and analyzes allowable charging current and allowable discharging current sent by the lithium battery. And the controller judges the required charging current or discharging current according to the actual working condition and strategy of the whole vehicle, compares the required charging current or discharging current with the analyzed allowable charging current or discharging current of the lithium battery, and performs corresponding voltage regulation parameter setting according to the comparison result. By applying the scheme, overcharge and overdischarge of the battery can be avoided, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the hidden danger of thermal runaway of the lithium battery is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hybrid power motorcycle control, and in particular to a hybrid power motorcycle lithium battery charge and discharge control method. Background Art

[0002] With growing environmental awareness and the shift in energy consumption, hybrid motorcycles are gaining market favor as a means of transportation that combines the longevity of fuel-powered vehicles with the environmental advantages of electric vehicles. Lithium batteries, due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and lightweight design, have become a core component of hybrid motorcycle energy storage systems. However, lithium batteries face numerous challenges during the charging and discharging process, such as overcharging, over-discharging, temperature sensitivity, optimizing charge and discharge efficiency, and managing battery life, which directly impact vehicle performance, safety, and affordability.

[0003] The traditional motorcycle lithium battery charge and discharge control method has the following main problems: the existing control strategy usually adopts a fixed parameter charge and discharge mode such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this mode cannot dynamically adjust the charging and discharging current and voltage according to the variable working conditions (such as starting acceleration, constant speed cruising, deceleration and braking, etc.) during the operation of the hybrid motorcycle, as well as the real-time state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), and temperature of the lithium battery. As a result, the lithium battery is frequently in an overcharged, over-discharged or inefficient working state, which not only significantly shortens the battery life, but also poses safety hazards such as thermal runaway. In addition, the existing charge and discharge control algorithms often fail to fully consider the performance degradation characteristics of lithium batteries during aging, making it difficult to maintain stable charge and discharge efficiency and safety throughout the battery life cycle. To solve the above problems, a new control method needs to be provided. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hybrid motorcycle lithium battery charge and discharge control method, which effectively solves the existing fixed parameterized charge and discharge mode and makes the charge and discharge control of the lithium battery safer and more reliable under various working conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a hybrid motorcycle lithium battery charge and discharge control method, the specific control method is as follows: Step 1: The all-in-one controller sets the voltage regulation threshold according to the specifications of the lithium battery and the vehicle operating conditions; Step 2: Select appropriate sensors and measurement circuits inside the lithium battery to collect relevant parameters of the lithium battery in real time; based on the collected data, generate the charge and discharge MAP of the lithium battery through specific algorithms and models; According to the state of the lithium battery itself, this state is mapped to the charge and discharge MAP table, and the current charge and discharge current is packaged into data frames according to the requirements of the CAN communication protocol, and sent to the CAN network regularly through the CAN controller; Step 3: The all-in-one controller regularly receives messages sent by the lithium battery on the CAN network and parses the allowable charging current and allowable discharging current sent by the lithium battery; According to the collected allowable charging current and discharge current sent by the lithium battery, the corresponding duty cycle and weak magnetic angle are adjusted in combination with its own control strategy and the vehicle status to adjust the voltage and current values; Step 4: During the charging process, the all-in-one controller compares its own bus current with the collected lithium battery allowable charging current in real time, and adjusts the voltage and current values in real time based on the comparison results, thus achieving a closed loop; During the charging process, the voltage and current values are adjusted as follows: If the bus current is less than the allowable charging current of the lithium battery, the all-in-one controller adjusts the current voltage regulation parameters to increase the current value and make full use of energy; If the bus current is greater than the allowable charging current of the lithium battery, the controller adjusts the current voltage regulation parameters to reduce the voltage regulation value and current value to avoid overcharging; During the discharge process, the all-in-one controller compares its own bus current with the collected lithium battery allowable charging current in real time, and adjusts the voltage and current values in real time based on the comparison results, thus achieving a closed loop; During the discharge process, the voltage and current values are adjusted as follows: If the bus current is less than the allowable discharge current of the lithium battery, the controller can adjust the voltage regulation parameters to increase the assist power; If the bus current is greater than the allowable discharge current of the lithium battery, the controller can adjust the voltage regulation parameters to reduce the current value to avoid over-discharge.

[0006] In particular, specific switching processes are set from starting to idle charging, from idle charging to accelerated discharging, from accelerated discharging to idle charging, and from starting to accelerated discharging to avoid large fluctuations in voltage regulation values and current values during switching between different states, which may cause damage to the lithium battery.

[0007] In particular, when the temperature of the lithium battery cell is less than 0°C or greater than 60°C, the lithium battery is not allowed to charge, and the controller adjusts the voltage regulation state and performs weak magnetic processing.

[0008] Specifically, if the magneto Hall sensor short-circuits or opens during vehicle operation, the controller switches the voltage regulation mode from phase-shifting to short-circuit regulation. This prevents the vehicle from stalling and potentially endangering the driver if a Hall sensor failure occurs. The short-circuit regulation threshold is lower than the normal phase-shifting threshold, preventing excessive voltage and current after the switch, which could damage the battery.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it can prevent the battery from being overcharged or over-discharged, extend the battery life, and avoid the hidden danger of thermal runaway of the lithium battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a traditional lithium battery charge and discharge control flow chart; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a hybrid motorcycle lithium battery charge and discharge control method according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is the lithium battery charging MAP diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the lithium battery discharge MAP diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 CAN communication topology diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the electrical connection diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings of this specification. It should be noted that the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] See also Figures 2 to 6 , a hybrid motorcycle lithium battery charging and discharging control method, Figure 6 This is the electrical connection diagram of the present invention, which includes a lithium battery, an all-in-one controller, a magnetic motor, and a Hall sensor. The all-in-one controller is electrically connected to the lithium battery, the magnetic motor, and the Hall sensor respectively. The charging and discharging of the lithium battery is controlled by the all-in-one controller, solving the existing fixed parameterized charging and discharging mode. Figure 2 This is a flow chart of an implementation method of a hybrid motorcycle lithium battery charge and discharge control method in the present invention. The specific control method includes the following steps: 1. First, set the voltage regulation threshold of the integrated controller based on the lithium battery specifications and vehicle operating conditions. Under all operating conditions, the controller's voltage regulation value must not exceed the set voltage regulation threshold. Values above the threshold will trigger the lithium battery overvoltage protection, even causing damage to the lithium battery hardware. Values below the threshold will cause the lithium battery undervoltage protection, shortening the battery life.

[0013] 2. Set the charge and discharge MAP table for lithium batteries, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the lithium battery is subjected to charge and discharge tests under different test conditions, such as different temperatures, charge and discharge rates, etc. During the test, the battery voltage, current, capacity and other data, as well as the corresponding time, temperature and other information are collected in real time. Feature points are extracted from the collected experimental data, such as the charge cut-off voltage, discharge cut-off voltage, turning points of different stages, etc.; based on the experimental data, appropriate mathematical methods are used for fitting and interpolation to fill the blank areas between the experimental data and form a complete MAP table. After the vehicle is running, the lithium battery will upload the allowed charge and discharge current to the CAN network according to the real-time battery cell temperature and SOC value, such as Figure 5 .

[0014] 3. The all-in-one controller regularly collects the messages sent by the lithium battery on the CAN network and parses the allowable charging current and discharge current sent by the lithium battery. The controller determines the required charging current or discharge current based on the actual working conditions and strategy of the vehicle, and compares the required charging current or discharge current with the parsed allowable charging current or discharge current of the lithium battery. Figure 5 If the charge or discharge current exceeds the allowable value of the lithium battery, the preset duty cycle and magnetic weakening angle are switched to reduce the voltage regulation value. Otherwise, the current state can be maintained, or the voltage regulation value can be increased according to the needs of the vehicle, but not exceeding the voltage regulation value set in step 1.

[0015] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] The parts not described in detail in this invention are prior art.

Claims

1. A hybrid motorcycle lithium battery charge and discharge control method, comprising a lithium battery, an all-in-one controller, a magnetic motor, and a Hall effect sensor. The all-in-one controller is electrically connected to the lithium battery, the magnetic motor, and the Hall effect sensor, respectively. The charging and discharging of the lithium battery is controlled by the all-in-one controller, thereby resolving the existing fixed parameterized charging and discharging mode. The method is characterized by: The control method is as follows: Step 1: The all-in-one controller sets the voltage regulation threshold according to the specifications of the lithium battery and the vehicle operating conditions; Step 2: Lithium battery sensors and measurement circuits are set up to collect relevant parameters of the lithium battery in real time. Based on the collected data, a specific algorithm and model are used to generate the charge and discharge MAP of the lithium battery. The status of the lithium battery is mapped to the charge and discharge MAP table. The current charge and discharge current is packaged into data frames according to the requirements of the CAN communication protocol and sent to the CAN network regularly through the CAN controller. Step 3: The all-in-one controller regularly receives messages sent by the lithium battery on the CAN network and parses the allowable charging current and allowable discharging current sent by the lithium battery; According to the collected allowable charging current and discharge current sent by the lithium battery, and combined with its own control strategy and the status of the vehicle, the corresponding duty cycle and weak magnetic angle are adjusted to achieve the switching of the voltage regulation value; Step 4: During the charging process, the all-in-one controller compares its own bus current with the collected lithium battery allowable charging current in real time, and adjusts the voltage and current values in real time based on the comparison results, thus achieving a closed loop; During the discharge process, the all-in-one controller compares its own bus current with the collected allowable charging current of the lithium battery in real time, and adjusts the voltage regulation value and current value in real time based on the comparison results, thereby realizing a closed loop.

2. The hybrid motorcycle lithium battery charge and discharge control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the voltage adjustment value is higher than the threshold, the lithium battery overvoltage protection will be triggered, causing damage to the lithium battery hardware; if the voltage adjustment value is lower than the threshold, the lithium battery undervoltage protection will be triggered, shortening the service life of the lithium battery.

3. The hybrid motorcycle lithium battery charge and discharge control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time adjustment of the voltage regulation value and the current value during the charging process is as follows: If the bus current is less than the allowable charging current of the lithium battery, the all-in-one controller adjusts the current voltage regulation parameters to increase the current value and make full use of energy; If the bus current is greater than the allowable charging current of the lithium battery, the integrated controller adjusts the current voltage regulation parameters to reduce the voltage regulation value and current value to avoid overcharging.

4. The hybrid motorcycle lithium battery charge and discharge control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time adjustment of the voltage regulation value during the discharge process is specifically as follows: If the bus current is less than the allowable discharge current of the lithium battery, the power assist can be increased or the integrated controller can adjust the voltage regulation parameters to increase the power assist; If the bus current is greater than the allowable discharge current of the lithium battery, the all-in-one controller adjusts the voltage regulation parameters to reduce the current value to avoid over-discharge.

5. The hybrid motorcycle lithium battery charge and discharge control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the temperature of the lithium battery core is less than 0℃ or greater than 60℃, the lithium battery is not allowed to charge, and the all-in-one controller adjusts the voltage regulation state and performs weak magnetic processing.

6. The hybrid motorcycle lithium battery charge and discharge control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the magneto and Hall sensor are short-circuited or open-circuited during vehicle driving, the all-in-one controller switches the voltage regulation mode from phase-shift voltage regulation to short-circuit voltage regulation to avoid vehicle stalling in the event of a fault during driving, which could be dangerous to the driver. The voltage regulation value of short-circuit voltage regulation is lower than the voltage regulation threshold of normal phase-shift voltage regulation to avoid excessive voltage regulation value and current after switching, which could damage the battery.

7. The hybrid motorcycle lithium battery charge and discharge control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hybrid motorcycle has a specific switching process when switching between different operating states, including from starting to idling charging, from idling charging to accelerated discharging, from accelerated discharging to idling charging, and from starting to accelerated discharging, to avoid large fluctuations in voltage regulation values and current values during the switching between different states, which may cause damage to the lithium battery.

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