Fertilizer containing ginkgo leaf polysaccharide and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fertilizer production and processing, and specifically discloses a fertilizer containing ginkgo leaf polysaccharide and a preparation method thereof, the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: ginkgo leaf, bacillus subtilis, rice hull powder, wheat bran, soybean straw, trichoderma viride, an inorganic compound, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, an activator, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate and citric acid; the loss of calcium and magnesium ions in soil is reduced while nutrient components in the ginkgo leaves are utilized, so that sustainable development of waste utilization is realized, crop growth can be promoted, and the crop yield can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fertilizer production and processing, and more specifically, to a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharide and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] my country is rich in ginkgo resources, with an annual output of about 70,000 tons of ginkgo nuts, accounting for more than 90% of the world's total output. However, most ginkgo leaves are discarded as waste, which wastes resources and pollutes the environment.

[0003] However, ginkgo leaves are rich in polysaccharides, amino acids, proteins, flavonoids, terpene lactones, phenolic acids, ginkgo flavonoids, catechols and other bioactive ingredients, which have a good growth-promoting effect on crops. At the same time, ginkgo leaf polysaccharides can serve as a chelating carrier for some elements; when the various active substances in ginkgo leaves are extracted, they can be used as a raw material for fertilizer, providing nutrients while effectively realizing waste recycling.

[0004] Calcium and magnesium in the soil are essential nutrients for plants. The calcareous soil in the north dissolves and reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide, which leads to the loss of calcium and magnesium ions. The acidic soil in the south has a stronger leaching effect, and there is excess calcium in the south all year round, which makes calcium and magnesium ions easily wetted, thereby affecting the calcium and magnesium ion content in the soil, resulting in calcium and magnesium nutritional imbalance problems in crops.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to prepare a new fertilizer that can utilize the nutrients in ginkgo leaves while reducing the loss of calcium and magnesium ions in the soil, thereby achieving sustainable development of waste utilization, and promoting crop growth and increasing crop yields. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to prepare a new fertilizer that can utilize the nutrient components in ginkgo leaves while reducing the loss of calcium and magnesium ions in the soil, thereby achieving sustainable development of waste utilization, and promoting crop growth and increasing crop yields, the present application provides a fertilizer containing ginkgo leaf polysaccharides and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharides, which adopts the following technical solution: A fertilizer containing ginkgo leaf polysaccharide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: ginkgo leaf, Bacillus subtilis, rice husk powder, wheat bran, soybean straw, trichoderma viride, inorganic compound, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, activator, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate and citric acid.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, after the ginkgo leaves are composted by Bacillus subtilis, they release rich organic matter and minerals, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other substances, which can be easily absorbed and utilized by crops and supply them for crop growth, thereby promoting crop growth and development. In addition, after the ginkgo leaves are composted, they can improve the physical properties of the soil, increase the porosity of the soil, reduce the soil bulk density, increase the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, which is beneficial to the growth and respiration of the crop roots, and further promote the growth and development of crops. At the same time, the composted ginkgo leaves can produce a large number of beneficial microorganisms and increase the content of Bacillus subtilis. The large number of microorganisms active in the soil can further accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, release more nutrients, further promote crop growth, and increase crop yields.

[0009] Green mold decomposes and utilizes rice husk powder, wheat bran and soybean straw to produce cellulase and pectinase. Cellulase and pectinase further decompose the cellulose in ginkgo leaves to obtain ginkgo polysaccharides. Ginkgo polysaccharides are used in combination with inorganic compounds, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, activators, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate and citric acid to further chelate calcium and magnesium ions in the soil. While the polysaccharides in the ginkgo leaves are fully utilized, the loss of calcium and magnesium ions in the soil is reduced, thereby achieving sustainable development of waste utilization, further promoting crop growth and increasing crop yields.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharides, using the following technical solution: A method for preparing a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharide comprises the following steps: S1. Crush the ginkgo leaves and add Bacillus subtilis, with the Bacillus subtilis accounting for 0.3-0.5% of the ginkgo leaves. Mix well and spray water to decompose for 10-15 days, controlling the moisture content at 30%-40% to obtain a pre-composted material. S2, weighing 180-220 parts of rice husk powder, 380-420 parts of wheat bran, and 380-420 parts of soybean straw, blending them, crushing them, adding 140-160 parts of water and 60-70 parts of inorganic compounds, heating and sterilizing them, then cooling them, adjusting the pH to 5-5.5, adding 16-24 parts of Trichoderma viride, fermenting them, drying them, and granulating them to obtain mixed enzyme granules; S3. Weigh 570-670 parts of pre-composted material and 16-20 parts of mixed enzyme granules by weight and mix them evenly. Add water to control the moisture content to 58-62% to obtain a mixture. Add 10-14 parts of an activator and ferment to obtain a fermented material. S4, the fermented material is heated and extracted, and then filtered, the supernatant is taken, and concentrated to obtain a concentrated solution; S5. Weigh 650-720 parts of the concentrate and 410-430 parts of calcium nitrate by weight, react at 45-50° C. for 2-2.5 hours, add 38-42 parts of citric acid, continue to react for 0.5-1 hour, add 60-80 parts of sugar alcohol and 410-430 parts of magnesium nitrate, continue to react for 1-1.5 hours to obtain the finished product.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, after the ginkgo leaves are crushed, the contact area between the ginkgo leaves and Bacillus subtilis is increased, and it is convenient for Bacillus subtilis to attach to the surface of the crushed ginkgo leaf pieces, and the composting conditions are limited, so that the ginkgo leaves are fully utilized to release nutrients, which are easy to be absorbed and utilized by crops.

[0012] The rice husk powder, wheat bran and soybean straw are then mixed and crushed to increase the surface area for contact with green mold to ensure the decomposition effect, further increase the cellulase content, facilitate further decomposition of cellulose and pectin in the preliminary compost, and thus facilitate the preparation of ginkgo biloba polysaccharide in the fermentation material. The ginkgo biloba polysaccharide is purified by concentration, and is subsequently added with calcium nitrate, citric acid, sugar alcohol and magnesium nitrate to produce a chelating effect. When added to the soil, the chelating network facilitates the binding of calcium ions and magnesium ions, so that the calcium and magnesium ions in the soil are not easily lost and can be absorbed and utilized by crop roots for a long time, thereby promoting crop growth for a long time and increasing crop yield.

[0013] Preferably, the inorganic compound consists of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1:0.8-1:0.8-1.2.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium nitrate can not only provide sufficient nitrogen sources, but also the ammonium nitrogen provided can be quickly absorbed and utilized by crops, promoting crop yield. In addition, the presence of phosphorus further promotes the development of crop roots and improves the crop's ability to absorb nutrients, thereby further promoting crop growth and increasing crop yield.

[0015] Preferably, the activator consists of calcium nitrate and magnesium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1:1-1.5.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, calcium nitrate and magnesium nitrate play an auxiliary and promoting role in the process of activating the preliminary compost and the mixed enzyme granule reaction. The calcium ions and magnesium ions can combine with specific groups in the enzyme molecules, change the conformation of the enzyme, increase the activity of the enzyme, reduce the activation energy of the reaction, and increase the activity of cellulase and pectinase, so as to facilitate the rapid and efficient decomposition of cellulose and pectin in ginkgo leaves, thereby further obtaining a higher quality ginkgo polysaccharide solution, thereby further increasing the nutrient content in the fertilizer. When the fertilizer is added to the soil, it can be quickly absorbed and utilized by crops, promoting crop growth while increasing crop yield.

[0017] Preferably, the content of Trichoderma viride is 1×10 9 -1.5×10 9 CFU / g.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution and limiting the content of green mold, cellulase can be produced efficiently and in large quantities, ensuring enzyme activity while increasing enzyme production to achieve a balanced state, thereby facilitating the decomposition of cellulose and pectin in ginkgo leaves and increasing the nutrient content in the ginkgo leaf polysaccharide solution, thereby promoting crop growth and increasing crop yield.

[0019] Preferably, the sugar alcohol is any one of sorbitol and mannitol.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, sorbitol and mannitol are combined, and the higher content of hydroxyl groups in the two are utilized to form chelates with calcium ions and magnesium ions. In combination with the carboxyl groups in citric acid and the active agent groups in ginkgo biloba polysaccharides, a chelate with a ring-shaped chelate structure is formed, which binds calcium and magnesium ions, prevents their loss, and prevents them from reacting with other components. In combination with the nutrients in ginkgo biloba polysaccharides being absorbed and utilized by the crop roots, it is further ensured that calcium ions and magnesium ions are continuously absorbed and utilized by the crop roots, thereby promoting long-term crop growth and increasing crop yields.

[0021] Preferably, the ginkgo leaves in S1 are crushed to a particle size of 1-2 cm to obtain ginkgo blocks, and the ginkgo blocks are mixed with fucoidan at a mass ratio of 100:2-4 and stirred for 1-3 minutes. After the surface is evenly sprayed with water, a Bacillus subtilis compound is added. The fucoidan is prepared from fucoidan particles and hydroxyethyl cellulose solution at a mass ratio of 1:0.1-0.25.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the particle size of the ginkgo leaves is limited, ensuring that the ginkgo blocks are in uniform contact with fucoidan and Bacillus subtilis. The grinding effect of fucoidan is used to produce scratches and scars on the surface of the ginkgo blocks, thereby increasing the surface area of the ginkgo blocks in contact with Bacillus subtilis. In conjunction with the subsequent water spraying operation, the viscosity of fucoidan after dissolving in water is used to make Bacillus subtilis stably adhere to the surface of the ginkgo blocks. The ginkgo blocks with micro-scratches on the surface can be quickly decomposed by Bacillus subtilis. The absorption and utilization of fucoidan and hydroxyethyl cellulose by the growth and reproduction of Bacillus subtilis further increases the content of Bacillus subtilis, further accelerates the decomposition rate of the ginkgo leaves, and enables the effective ingredients in the ginkgo leaves to be efficiently decomposed, thereby improving the content and quality of ginkgo polysaccharides.

[0023] The hydroxyethyl cellulose solution adheres to the surface of the fucoidan particles to facilitate the formation of a film layer, and the viscosity of the hydroxyethyl cellulose solution further improves the adhesion stability of Bacillus subtilis on the surface of the ginkgo block. In addition, Bacillus subtilis absorbs and utilizes the sugar in the fucoidan and the cellulose in the hydroxyethyl cellulose, further increasing the number of Bacillus subtilis and accelerating the decomposition efficiency of the ginkgo leaves, so that the prepared fertilizer has a higher nutrient content, which can promote crop growth and increase crop yields.

[0024] Preferably, the Bacillus subtilis composite material in S1 is prepared from bamboo fiber filaments, β-glucan solution and Bacillus subtilis powder in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1:4-7.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the viscosity of β-glucan is used to stably and evenly adhere Bacillus subtilis powder to the surface of the bamboo fiber, so that the Bacillus subtilis can be evenly distributed when in contact with the ginkgo block. The β-glucan is used as a nutrient for the Bacillus subtilis and can be decomposed and utilized by the Bacillus subtilis, thereby promoting the movement of the Bacillus subtilis to various positions on the surface of the ginkgo leaf during its growth and reproduction, thereby increasing the content of the Bacillus subtilis. The evenly distributed β-glucan can provide a uniform nutrient distribution position for the Bacillus subtilis, and the microchannels on the surface of the bamboo fiber facilitate the movement and migration of the Bacillus subtilis, making it less likely for the Bacillus subtilis to have difficulty in moving and agglomerate. The evenly distributed Bacillus subtilis can quickly decompose the ginkgo leaf, thereby increasing the nutrient content in the fertilizer, promoting crop growth, and increasing crop yield.

[0026] Bamboo fiber can also be used by Bacillus subtilis. Combined with fucoidan and hydroxyethyl cellulose, it can further increase the content of Bacillus subtilis, improve the quality of ginkgo polysaccharides and the nutrient content in the concentrate. In the subsequent chelation process, it can further stabilize the chelated calcium ions and magnesium ions, prolong the residence time of calcium ions and magnesium ions in the soil, and provide long-term absorption and utilization by crop roots, thereby promoting crop growth and increasing crop yields.

[0027] Preferably, the S2, 180-220 parts of rice husk powder, 380-420 parts of wheat bran, and 380-420 parts of soybean straw are blended and crushed to obtain a mixed powder. The mixed powder is mixed with citric acid in a mass ratio of 100:1-3 and stirred. Then, 140-160 parts of water and 60-70 parts of an inorganic compound are added. The mixture is heated and sterilized and then cooled to adjust the pH to 5-5.5. 16-24 parts of green mold are added. The mixture is dried and granulated to obtain mixed enzyme granules.

[0028] By adopting the above technical scheme, rice husk powder, wheat bran, soybean straw and citric acid particles are first mixed and stirred, and the grinding effect of the citric acid particles on the rice husk powder, wheat bran and soybean straw is utilized to facilitate the improvement of the surface roughness and surface area of the rice husk powder, wheat bran and soybean straw, thereby facilitating their contact with green mold; in conjunction with the subsequent water addition operation, the citric acid dissolves in water, and the acidity of the citric acid solution further increases the surface roughness of the rice husk powder, wheat bran and soybean straw, thereby further increasing their contact area with green mold, and green mold can grow and reproduce rapidly under acidic conditions. Therefore, the acidic citric acid loaded on the surface of rice husk powder, wheat bran and soybean straw can further promote the growth and reproduction of green mold on the surface of rice husk powder, wheat bran and soybean straw, thereby increasing the yield of green mold, thereby increasing the yield of cellulase and pectinase, and finally the prepared ginkgo polysaccharide concentrate has high quality and high content of nutrients, can promote crop growth, and increase crop yield.

[0029] Preferably, the Trichoderma viride is a Trichoderma viride composite material, which is composed of urea-modified seaweed fiber, sucrose solution and Trichoderma viride powder in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1:5-8.

[0030] By adopting the above technical scheme, the surface of urea-modified seaweed fiber utilizes the viscosity of sucrose solution to adhere to green Trichoderma, and cooperates with green Trichoderma to absorb and utilize urea and sucrose, thereby further increasing the content of green Trichoderma and promoting green Trichoderma to produce a large amount of cellulase and pectinase. In addition, during the migration and movement of green Trichoderma on the surface of urea-modified seaweed fiber, it can reduce obstacles and facilitate uniform contact with rice husk powder, wheat bran and soybean straw, thereby further promoting the production of cellulase and pectinase. The mixed enzyme particles can decompose cellulose and pectin in the preliminary compost, increase the content and quality of ginkgo leaf polysaccharides, and when the prepared fertilizer is added to the soil, it can further promote crop growth and increase crop yield.

[0031] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. After being decomposed by Bacillus subtilis, ginkgo leaves release rich organic matter and minerals, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which can be easily absorbed and utilized by crops, supply crop growth, and thus promote crop growth and development. In addition, after being decomposed, ginkgo leaves can improve the physical properties of the soil, increase the porosity of the soil, reduce the soil bulk density, increase the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, which is beneficial to the growth and respiration of crop roots, and further promote crop growth and development. At the same time, the decomposed ginkgo leaves can produce a large number of beneficial microorganisms and increase the content of Bacillus subtilis. A large number of microorganisms are active in the soil, which can further accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, release more nutrients, further promote crop growth, and increase crop yields.

[0032] 2. The unused citric acid, fucoidan, hydroxyethyl cellulose remaining in the concentrate, as well as the sucrose and urea in the mixed enzyme granules, can further chelate calcium and magnesium ions by utilizing their carboxyl, hydroxyl and amino groups, stabilizing the chelation network while more stably binding the chelated calcium and magnesium ions, thus prolonging the effect of calcium and magnesium ions in the soil. They are not easily washed away by rainwater and can be absorbed and utilized by crop roots for a long time, thereby promoting crop growth and increasing crop yields. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0034] Preparation Example of Fucoidan The following raw materials are all commercially available.

[0035] Preparation Example 1: Fucoidan was prepared by the following method: 0.2 kg of hydroxyethyl cellulose solution was evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of fucoidan particles. The fucoidan particles were sieved through a 100-mesh sieve. The hydroxyethyl cellulose solution was a 1% by mass hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution. The fucoidan was then dried and dispersed until the particles did not stick to each other and agglomerate to obtain the fucoidan. The fucoidan was sieved through an 80-mesh sieve.

[0036] Preparation Example 2: This preparation example differs from Preparation Example 1 in that: 0.1 kg of hydroxyethyl cellulose solution was evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of fucoidan particles. The fucoidan particles were passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The hydroxyethyl cellulose solution was a 1% by mass hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution. The fucoidan was then dried and dispersed until the particles did not stick to each other and agglomerate to obtain fucoidan.

[0037] Preparation Example 3: This preparation example differs from Preparation Example 1 in that: 0.25 kg of hydroxyethyl cellulose solution was evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of fucoidan particles. The fucoidan particles were passed through a 100-mesh sieve. The hydroxyethyl cellulose solution was a 1% by mass hydroxyethyl cellulose aqueous solution. The fucoidan was then dried and dispersed until the particles did not stick to each other and agglomerate to obtain fucoidan.

[0038] Preparation example of Bacillus subtilis composite material Among the following raw materials, Bacillus subtilis powder was purchased from Shandong Yigou New Materials Co., Ltd.; other raw materials were commonly available on the market.

[0039] Preparation Example 4: The Bacillus subtilis composite material was prepared by the following method: 0.8 kg of β-glucan solution was evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of bamboo fiber. The average length of the bamboo fiber was 2 mm. The β-glucan solution was a 1% β-glucan aqueous solution. Then, 6.2 kg of Bacillus subtilis powder was added. The bacterial activity of the Bacillus subtilis powder was 1×1012 CFU / g, the addition rate of Bacillus subtilis powder is 100g / min, and the bamboo fiber strands are continuously stirred at a speed of 80r / min during the addition process. After being evenly mixed, the bamboo fiber strands are air-dried at room temperature and dispersed so as to prevent them from sticking to each other and agglomerating, thereby obtaining a Bacillus subtilis composite material.

[0040] Preparation Example 5: This preparation example differs from Preparation Example 4 in that: 0.5 kg of β-glucan solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of bamboo fiber filaments, the average length of the bamboo fiber filaments is 2 mm, and the β-glucan solution is a β-glucan aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 1%. Then, 4 kg of Bacillus subtilis powder is added at a rate of 100 g / min. During the addition process, the bamboo fiber filaments are continuously stirred at a speed of 80 r / min. After being evenly mixed, the mixture is air-dried at room temperature and the dispersed bamboo fiber filaments are not adhered to each other and agglomerated, thereby obtaining a Bacillus subtilis composite material.

[0041] Preparation Example 6: This preparation example differs from Preparation Example 4 in that: 1 kg of β-glucan solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of bamboo fiber filaments, the average length of the bamboo fiber filaments is 2 mm, and the β-glucan solution is a β-glucan aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 1%. Then, 7 kg of Bacillus subtilis powder is added at a rate of 100 g / min. During the addition process, the bamboo fiber filaments are continuously stirred at a speed of 80 r / min. After being evenly mixed, the mixture is air-dried at room temperature and the dispersed bamboo fiber filaments are not adhered to each other and agglomerated, thereby obtaining a Bacillus subtilis composite material.

[0042] Preparation example of Trichoderma viride composite material The following raw materials are all commercially available.

[0043] Preparation Example 7: The green Trichoderma composite material was prepared by the following method: The urea solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of seaweed fiber, the average length of the seaweed fiber is 2 mm, and the urea solution is a 1% by mass urea aqueous solution. The seaweed fiber is dried and dispersed so that the seaweed fiber does not stick to each other and agglomerate, thereby obtaining urea-modified seaweed fiber; 0.7 kg sucrose solution was evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg urea modified seaweed fiber. The sucrose solution was a sucrose aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 0.8%. Then 6.3 kg green Trichoderma powder was added. The content of green Trichoderma powder was 1.5×10 9 CFU / g, the addition rate of green Trichoderma powder is 100g / min, and the urea-modified seaweed fiber is continuously stirred at a speed of 80r / min during the addition process. After mixing evenly, it is air-dried at room temperature and dispersed until the fibers do not stick to each other and agglomerate to obtain a green Trichoderma composite.

[0044] Preparation Example 8: This preparation example differs from Preparation Example 7 in that: 0.5 kg of sucrose solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of urea-modified seaweed fiber, and the sucrose solution is a sucrose aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 0.8%. Then, 5 kg of green Trichoderma powder is added, and the addition rate of green Trichoderma powder is 100 g / min. During the addition process, the urea-modified seaweed fiber is continuously stirred at a speed of 80 r / min. After being evenly mixed, it is air-dried at room temperature and dispersed until the fibers do not stick to each other and agglomerate, thereby obtaining a green Trichoderma composite.

[0045] Preparation Example 9: This preparation example differs from Preparation Example 7 in that: 1 kg of sucrose solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of urea-modified seaweed fiber, and the sucrose solution is a sucrose aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 0.8%. Then, 8 kg of green Trichoderma powder is added, and the addition rate of green Trichoderma powder is 100 g / min. During the addition process, the urea-modified seaweed fiber is continuously stirred at a speed of 80 r / min. After being evenly mixed, it is air-dried at room temperature and dispersed until the fibers do not stick to each other and agglomerate, thereby obtaining a green Trichoderma composite. Example

[0046] Example 1: Preparation method of a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharide: S1. Crush the ginkgo leaves into 1 cm pieces and add Bacillus subtilis, with the Bacillus subtilis accounting for 0.3% of the ginkgo leaves. Mix well and spray water to decompose for 10 days. Control the temperature at 30°C and the moisture at 30% to obtain a pre-composted material. S2. Weigh 200 kg of rice husk powder, 400 kg of wheat bran, and 400 kg of soybean straw, mix them, and grind them to an average particle size of 2 cm. Add 150 kg of water and 60 kg of inorganic compound, where the inorganic compound consists of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1:1:1. Heat the mixture to 70 °C and sterilize for 30 min, then cool it to 30 °C. Add dilute acetic acid and potassium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 5. Add 16 kg of Trichoderma viride, and the activity of Trichoderma viride is 1 × 10 9 CFU / g, stirred at a speed of 120r / min for 30min, and then fermented at a constant temperature of 25℃ for 72h to produce cellulase and pectinase, which were then taken out and cultured in a constant temperature incubator for 72h, and then dried with forced air at 35℃, extruded and granulated to obtain mixed enzyme granules; S3, according to weight, 570kg of pre-composted material was mixed with 20kg of mixed enzyme pellets, water was added to control the moisture content to 60%, and a mixture was obtained. 10kg of activator was added and fermented for 20d to obtain a fermentation material; the activator was composed of 5kg of calcium nitrate and 5kg of magnesium nitrate; S4, weigh 500kg of fermentation material, add 650kg of water, heat to 100℃ and extract for 1h, filter while hot, take the supernatant, heat and concentrate, cool to 45℃, and obtain a concentrated solution with a density of 1.3; S5. Weigh 720 kg of concentrated liquid and 420 kg of calcium nitrate, react at a constant temperature of 45°C for 2 h, add 40 kg of citric acid, continue to react at the constant temperature for 1 h, add 60 kg of sugar alcohol and 420 kg of magnesium nitrate, continue to react for 1 h, the sugar alcohol is sorbitol, and obtain the finished product.

[0047] Example 2: This example differs from Example 1 in that: S1. Crush the ginkgo leaves into 2 cm pieces and add Bacillus subtilis, with the Bacillus subtilis accounting for 0.3% of the ginkgo leaves. Mix well and spray water to decompose for 15 days. Control the temperature at 30°C and the moisture at 40% to obtain a pre-composted material. S2. Weigh 200 kg of rice husk powder, 400 kg of wheat bran, and 400 kg of soybean straw, mix them, grind them to an average particle size of 2 cm, add 150 kg of water and 60 kg of inorganic compound, the inorganic compound consists of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1:1:1, heat to 70 ° C and sterilize for 30 min, then cool to 30 ° C, add dilute acetic acid and potassium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 5.5, add 16 kg of Trichoderma viride, and the activity of Trichoderma viride is 1×10 9 CFU / g, stirred at a speed of 120r / min for 30min, and then fermented at a constant temperature of 25℃ for 72h to produce cellulase and pectinase, which were then taken out and cultured in a constant temperature incubator for 72h, and then dried with forced air at 35℃, extruded and granulated to obtain mixed enzyme granules; S3. Weigh 670 kg of pre-composted material and 18 kg of mixed enzyme granules by weight and mix them evenly. Add water to control the moisture content to 60% to obtain a mixture. Add 14 kg of activator and ferment for 20 days to obtain a fermented material. The activator is composed of 7 kg of calcium nitrate and 7 kg of magnesium nitrate.

[0048] Example 3: This example differs from Example 1 in that: S3, according to weight, 600 kg of pre-composted material was mixed with 16 kg of mixed enzyme pellets, water was added to control the moisture content to 60%, and a mixture was obtained. 10 kg of activator was added and fermented for 20 days to obtain a fermentation material; the activator was composed of 5 kg of calcium nitrate and 5 kg of magnesium nitrate; S4, weigh 500kg of fermentation material, add 650kg of water, heat to 100℃ and extract for 2h, filter while hot, take the supernatant, heat and concentrate, cool to 50℃, and obtain a concentrated solution with a density of 1.4; S5. Weigh 720 kg of concentrated liquid and 420 kg of calcium nitrate, react at a constant temperature of 50°C for 2 h, add 40 kg of citric acid, continue to react at the constant temperature for 1 h, add 60 kg of sugar alcohol and 420 kg of magnesium nitrate, continue to react for 1 h to obtain the finished product.

[0049] Example 4: This example differs from Example 1 in that: S1. Ginkgo leaves were crushed into an average particle size of 2 cm to obtain ginkgo blocks. The ginkgo blocks and the fucoidan prepared in Preparation Example 1 were mixed and stirred at a mass ratio of 100:3 for 2 minutes. After spraying 20 kg of water evenly on the surface, the Bacillus subtilis compound prepared in Preparation Example 4 was added. The addition rate of the Bacillus subtilis compound was 100 g / min. During the addition process, the ginkgo blocks were continuously stirred at a speed of 80 r / min. The Bacillus subtilis compound accounted for 0.5% of the ginkgo leaves. After mixing, the mixture was sprayed with water and decomposed for 12 days. The temperature was controlled at 30° C. and the moisture was controlled at 35% to obtain a preliminarily decomposed material. S2, weigh 200kg of rice husk powder, 400kg of wheat bran, and 400kg of soybean straw, and grind them to an average particle size of 2cm to obtain a mixed powder. 2kg of citric acid particles are added to 100kg of the mixed powder. The citric acid particles are sieved through a 60-mesh sieve. Then, 150kg of water and 65kg of an inorganic compound are added. The inorganic compound consists of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1:1:1. The mixture is heated to 70°C and sterilized for 30min, then cooled to 30°C. Dilute acetic acid and potassium hydroxide are added to adjust the pH to 5. 22kg of green mold prepared in Preparation Example 7 is added. The green mold activity is 1.2×10 9 CFU / g, stirred at a speed of 120r / min for 30min, and then fermented at a constant temperature of 25℃ for 72h to produce cellulase and pectinase, which were then taken out and cultured in a constant temperature incubator for 72h, and then dried with forced air at 35℃, extruded and granulated to obtain mixed enzyme granules; S3, according to weight, 600 kg of pre-composted material was mixed with 18 kg of mixed enzyme pellets, water was added to control the moisture content to 60%, and a mixture was obtained. 12 kg of activator was added and fermented for 22 days to obtain a fermentation material; the activator was composed of 6 kg of calcium nitrate and 6 kg of magnesium nitrate; S4, weigh 500kg of fermentation material, add 650kg of water, heat to 100℃ and extract for 1h, filter while hot, take the supernatant, heat and concentrate, cool to 45℃, and obtain a concentrated solution with a density of 1.3; S5. Weigh 700 kg of concentrated liquid and 420 kg of calcium nitrate, react at a constant temperature of 48°C for 2.2 hours, add 40 kg of citric acid, continue to react at a constant temperature for 0.8 hours, add 70 kg of sugar alcohol and 420 kg of magnesium nitrate, continue to react for 1.2 hours, and obtain the finished product.

[0050] Example 5: This example differs from Example 1 in that: S1. Ginkgo leaves were crushed to an average particle size of 1 cm to obtain ginkgo blocks. The ginkgo blocks and the fucoidan prepared in Preparation Example 2 were mixed and stirred at a mass ratio of 100:2 for 1 min. After 15 kg of water was sprayed evenly on the surface, the Bacillus subtilis compound prepared in Preparation Example 5 was added. The addition rate of the Bacillus subtilis compound was 100 g / min. During the addition process, the ginkgo blocks were continuously stirred at a speed of 80 r / min. The Bacillus subtilis compound accounted for 0.5% of the ginkgo leaves. After mixing, the mixture was sprayed with water and decomposed for 10 days. The temperature was controlled at 30° C. and the moisture was controlled at 30% to obtain a preliminarily decomposed material. S2, weighing 180kg of rice husk powder, 380kg of wheat bran, and 380kg of soybean straw, and then grinding them to an average particle size of 2cm to obtain a mixed powder. 1kg of citric acid particles were added to 100kg of the mixed powder, and the citric acid particles were sieved through a 60-mesh sieve. Then, 140kg of water and 60kg of an inorganic compound were added. The inorganic compound consisted of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1:0.8:0.8. The mixture was heated to 70°C and sterilized for 30min, then cooled to 30°C. Dilute acetic acid and potassium hydroxide were added to adjust the pH to 5. 18kg of green mold prepared in Preparation Example 8 was added. The green mold activity was 1×10 9 CFU / g, stirred at a speed of 120r / min for 30min, and then fermented at a constant temperature of 25℃ for 72h to produce cellulase and pectinase, which were then taken out and cultured in a constant temperature incubator for 72h, and then dried with forced air at 35℃, extruded and granulated to obtain mixed enzyme granules; S3, according to weight, 570kg of pre-composted material was mixed with 16kg of mixed enzyme pellets, water was added to control the moisture content to 58%, and a mixture was obtained. 12kg of activator was added and fermented for 20d to obtain a fermentation material; the activator was composed of 5kg of calcium nitrate and 7kg of magnesium nitrate; S5. Weigh 650 kg of concentrated liquid and 410 kg of calcium nitrate, react at a constant temperature of 45°C for 2 h, add 38 kg of citric acid, continue to react at a constant temperature for 0.5 h, add 60 kg of sugar alcohol and 410 kg of magnesium nitrate, continue to react for 1 h, the sugar alcohol is sorbitol, and obtain the finished product.

[0051] Example 6: This example differs from Example 1 in that: S1. Ginkgo leaves were crushed to an average particle size of 2 cm to obtain ginkgo blocks. The ginkgo blocks and the fucoidan prepared in Preparation Example 3 were mixed and stirred at a mass ratio of 100:4 for 3 minutes. After spraying 25 kg of water evenly on the surface, the Bacillus subtilis compound prepared in Preparation Example 6 was added. The addition rate of the Bacillus subtilis compound was 100 g / min. During the addition process, the ginkgo blocks were continuously stirred at a speed of 80 r / min. The Bacillus subtilis compound accounted for 0.5% of the ginkgo leaves. After mixing, the mixture was sprayed with water and decomposed for 15 days. The temperature was controlled at 30°C and the moisture was controlled at 40% to obtain a preliminarily decomposed material. S2, weighing 220kg of rice husk powder, 420kg of wheat bran, and 420kg of soybean straw, and then grinding them to an average particle size of 3cm to obtain a mixed powder. 3kg of citric acid particles were added to 100kg of the mixed powder. The citric acid particles were sieved through a 60-mesh sieve. Then, 160kg of water and 70kg of an inorganic compound were added. The inorganic compound consisted of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.2. The mixture was heated to 70°C and sterilized for 30min, then cooled to 30°C. Dilute acetic acid and potassium hydroxide were added to adjust the pH to 5.5. 24kg of green mold prepared in Preparation Example 9 was added. The green mold activity was 1.5×10 9 CFU / g, stirred at a speed of 120r / min for 30min, and then fermented at a constant temperature of 25℃ for 72h to produce cellulase and pectinase, which were then taken out and cultured in a constant temperature incubator for 72h, and then dried with forced air at 35℃, extruded and granulated to obtain mixed enzyme granules; S3, according to weight, 670kg of preliminary decomposed material and 20kg of mixed enzyme pellets were mixed evenly, water was added to control the moisture content to 62% to obtain a mixture, 14kg of activator was added, and fermented for 20d to obtain a fermentation material; the activator was composed of 5.6kg of calcium nitrate and 8.4kg of magnesium nitrate; S5. Weigh 720 kg of concentrated liquid and 430 kg of calcium nitrate, react at a constant temperature of 50°C for 2.5 hours, add 42 kg of citric acid, continue to react at a constant temperature for 1 hour, add 80 kg of sugar alcohol and 430 kg of magnesium nitrate, continue to react for 1.5 hours, and the sugar alcohol is sorbitol to obtain the finished product.

[0052] Example 7: This example differs from Example 1 in that: S1. Ginkgo leaves were crushed into an average particle size of 2 cm to obtain ginkgo blocks. The ginkgo blocks were mixed with the Bacillus subtilis compound prepared in Preparation Example 4, with the Bacillus subtilis compound accounting for 0.5% of the ginkgo leaves. After mixing, the mixture was sprayed with water and decomposed for 12 days, with the temperature controlled at 30°C and the moisture controlled at 35% to obtain a preliminarily decomposed material.

[0053] Example 8: This example differs from Example 1 in that: No bamboo fiber and β-glucan were added during the preparation of the Bacillus subtilis composite in S2.

[0054] Example 9: This example differs from Example 1 in that: S2 was mixed without adding citric acid.

[0055] Example 10: This example differs from Example 1 in that: In the preparation process of the green Trichoderma composite material in S2, the urea-modified seaweed fiber was replaced by the same mass of seaweed fiber, and the sucrose solution was replaced by the same mass of ethyl cellulose ethanol solution, the mass fraction of the ethyl cellulose ethanol solution was 1%, and the mass fraction of ethanol was 99%.

[0056] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that: No ginkgo leaves are added to the raw materials.

[0057] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example differs from Example 1 in that: No rice husk powder, wheat bran, soybean straw or green mold is added to the raw materials.

[0058] Performance testing 1. Enzyme activity detection The cellulase activity in the S2 mixed enzyme pellets was detected using the methods of Examples 1-6, and the data were recorded.

[0059] Table 1 Enzyme activity test table project Enzyme activity (U / g) project Enzyme activity (U / g) Example 1 21.45 Example 4 22.04 Example 2 20.86 Example 5 21.73 Example 3 20.78 Example 6 22.12 Combining 1-6 with Table 1, it can be seen that the cellulase activity is relatively high, which can efficiently decompose the cellulose in the ginkgo leaves, improve the nutritional value of the fertilizer, promote crop growth, and increase crop yield.

[0060] 2. Pepper growth promotion test Finished products were prepared using the methods of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2, respectively, and set aside. Using a potted treatment method, peppers at the seedling stage were selected for an effect test under irrigation conditions. The test had 13 treatments in total, a blank control group, and the test fertilizer groups of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2; Experimental method: 130 pepper seedlings with uniform growth were selected, 10 plants in each group, and treatment was started when the soil water holding capacity dropped below 40%. The blank control group was irrigated with an equal amount of water; the experimental fertilizer group was irrigated after diluting it 200 times, and fertilized once every 10 days, for a total of two times. 30 days after the first fertilization, the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, SPAD, and soluble sugar content were measured and the data were recorded.

[0061] Table 2 Pepper Growth Index Test Table (“ / ” in the table indicates that the corresponding embodiment or comparative example was not tested for this item, so there is no data) Combining Examples 1-3 and the blank control group with Table 2, it can be seen that the fertilizer prepared in the present application can effectively increase crop plant height, stem diameter and leaf area, thereby achieving the effect of promoting crop growth and increasing crop yield, and has a high soluble sugar content. At the same time, it can chelate calcium ions and magnesium ions, reducing the loss of calcium ions and magnesium ions, indicating that the process can fully extract soluble sugars for crop absorption and utilization, further promoting crop growth.

[0062] Combining Example 1 and Examples 4-6 with Table 2, it can be seen that the addition of the Bacillus subtilis compound and the Trichoderma viride compound can increase the nutritional value content in the fertilizer, thereby increasing the soluble sugar content, promoting crop growth, and increasing crop yield.

[0063] Combining Example 4 and Examples 7-10 and Table 2, it can be seen that no fucoidan treatment was added in step S1 of Example 7. Compared with Example 1, the plant height, stem diameter, and leaf area of Example 7 are lower than those of Example 4, and the soluble sugar content is lower than that of Example 4. This shows that the grinding treatment of fucoidan can increase the surface area of the ginkgo block, promote the growth and reproduction of Bacillus subtilis, and facilitate the uniform migration of Bacillus subtilis to the surface of the ginkgo block, thereby efficiently decomposing the ginkgo leaves, increasing the content of soluble polysaccharides extracted, and increasing the nutrient content in the fertilizer, thereby promoting crop growth and increasing crop yield.

[0064] No bamboo fiber and β-glucan were added during the preparation of the Bacillus subtilis composite material in Example 8. Compared with Example 1, the plant height, stem thickness, and leaf area of Example 8 were lower than those of Example 4, and the soluble sugar content was lower than that of Example 4. This indicates that bamboo fiber and β-glucan can promote the growth and reproduction of Bacillus subtilis, thereby increasing the nutrient content in the fertilizer, promoting crop growth, and increasing crop yield.

[0065] In Example 9S2, citric acid was not added during mixing. Compared with Example 1, the plant height, stem thickness, and leaf area of Example 9 were lower than those of Example 4, and the soluble sugar content was lower than that of Example 4. This indicates that the acidity of citric acid makes it easier for green mold to grow and reproduce, thereby increasing the nutrient content in the fertilizer, promoting crop growth, and increasing crop yield.

[0066] In the preparation process of the green Trichoderma composite material of Example 10, urea-modified seaweed fiber was replaced by seaweed fiber of equal mass, and sucrose solution was replaced by ethyl cellulose ethanol solution of equal mass. Compared with Example 1, the plant height, stem thickness, and leaf area of Example 10 were lower than those of Example 4, and the soluble sugar content was lower than that of Example 4. This shows that urea and sucrose can promote the growth and reproduction of green Trichoderma, increase the content of cellulase and pectinase, thereby accelerating the decomposition of fiber and pectin in ginkgo leaves, increasing the nutrient content in fertilizers, promoting crop growth, and increasing crop yield.

[0067] Combining Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 and Table 2, it can be seen that no ginkgo leaf was added to the raw materials of Comparative Example 1. Compared with Example 1, the plant height, stem thickness, and leaf area of Comparative Example 1 are lower than those of Example 1, and the soluble sugar content is lower than that of Example 1; this indicates that ginkgo leaf contains a higher content of nutrients, which can promote crop growth and increase crop yield.

[0068] In Comparative Example 2, no rice husk powder, wheat bran, soybean straw, or green Trichoderma was added to the raw materials. Compared with Example 1, the plant height, stem thickness, and leaf area of Comparative Example 2 were lower than those of Example 1, and the soluble sugar content was lower than that of Example 1. This indicates that green Trichoderma can produce higher levels of cellulase and pectinase, thereby accelerating the decomposition of ginkgo leaves, increasing the nutrient content in fertilizers, promoting crop growth, and increasing crop yields.

[0069] 3. Tomato color change test Prepare finished products using the methods of Examples 1-3 respectively, and set aside; The experimental site was a greenhouse, and the soil organic matter content was 18.2 g / kg, the alkaline nitrogen content was 43.6 mg / kg, the available phosphorus content was 38.4 mg / kg, and the available potassium content was 75.2 mg / kg. The effect experiment under the spraying conditions was conducted during the tomato color change period. The experiment had four treatments, corresponding to a blank control group and the test fertilizer groups prepared in Examples 1-3. Test method: 667m 2 The plot was divided into four parts for treatment. The blank control group was sprayed with water. The fertilizer prepared in Example 1-3 was diluted 500 times and then sprayed. Fertilization was performed once every 7 days, for a total of two times. The color change rate was measured 7 days and 14 days after the first fertilization, and the data was recorded.

[0070] Table 3 Performance test table project 7d color change rate / % 14d color change rate / % Blank group 28.09c 46.05c Example 1 41.45a 72.45a Example 2 40.78a 70.26a Example 3 42.07a 72.82a Combining Examples 1-3 and the blank group and Table 3, it can be seen that the fertilizer prepared in the present application can effectively promote the color change of crop fruits and achieve a high color change rate in a shorter period of time, indicating that the nutrients in the fertilizer are efficiently absorbed and utilized, accelerating the ripening of the fruit, and the organic matter in the fertilizer can further promote the crop to convert nutrients, thereby further accelerating the accumulation of pigments and nutrients in tomato fruits.

[0071] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharide, characterized in that: The fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: ginkgo leaves, bacillus subtilis, rice husk powder, wheat bran, soybean straw, trichoderma viride, inorganic compounds, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, an activator, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate and citric acid.

2. The method for preparing a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Crush the ginkgo leaves and add Bacillus subtilis, with the Bacillus subtilis accounting for 0.3-0.5% of the ginkgo leaves. Mix well and spray water to decompose for 10-15 days, controlling the moisture content at 30%-40% to obtain a pre-composted material. S2, weighing 180-220 parts of rice husk powder, 380-420 parts of wheat bran, and 380-420 parts of soybean straw, blending them, crushing them, adding 140-160 parts of water and 60-70 parts of inorganic compounds, heating and sterilizing them, then cooling them, adjusting the pH to 5-5.5, adding 16-24 parts of Trichoderma viride, fermenting them, drying them, and granulating them to obtain mixed enzyme granules; S3. Weigh 570-670 parts of pre-composted material and 16-20 parts of mixed enzyme granules by weight and mix them evenly. Add water to control the moisture content to 58-62% to obtain a mixture. Add 10-14 parts of an activator and ferment to obtain a fermented material. S4, the fermented material is heated and extracted, and then filtered, the supernatant is taken, and concentrated to obtain a concentrated solution; S5. Weigh 650-720 parts of the concentrate and 410-430 parts of calcium nitrate by weight, react at 45-50° C. for 2-2.5 hours, add 38-42 parts of citric acid, continue to react for 0.5-1 hour, add 60-80 parts of sugar alcohol and 410-430 parts of magnesium nitrate, continue to react for 1-1.5 hours to obtain the finished product.

3. The method for preparing a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inorganic compound consists of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1:0.8-1:0.8-1.

2.

4. The method for preparing a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The activator consists of calcium nitrate and magnesium nitrate in a mass ratio of 1:1-1.

5.

5. The method for preparing a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The content of Trichoderma viride is 1×10 9 -1.5×10 9 CFU / g.

6. The method for preparing a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sugar alcohol is selected from any one of sorbitol and mannitol.

7. The method for preparing a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ginkgo leaves in S1 are crushed to a particle size of 1-2 cm to obtain ginkgo blocks, which are mixed with fucoidan at a mass ratio of 100:2-4 and stirred for 1-3 minutes. After the surface is evenly sprayed with water, a Bacillus subtilis compound is added. The fucoidan is prepared from fucoidan particles and hydroxyethyl cellulose solution at a mass ratio of 1:0.1-0.

25.

8. The method for preparing a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharide according to claim 7, characterized in that: The Bacillus subtilis composite material in S1 is prepared from bamboo fiber filaments, β-glucan solution and Bacillus subtilis powder in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1:4-7.

9. The method for preparing a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The S2, 180-220 parts of rice husk powder, 380-420 parts of wheat bran, and 380-420 parts of soybean straw are blended by weight, and then crushed to obtain a mixed powder. The mixed powder is mixed with citric acid at a mass ratio of 100:1-3, and stirred. 140-160 parts of water and 60-70 parts of an inorganic compound are added. The mixture is heated and sterilized, then cooled, the pH is adjusted to 5-5.5, 16-24 parts of trichoderma viride are added, and the mixture is dried and granulated to obtain mixed enzyme granules.

10. The method for preparing a fertilizer containing ginkgo biloba polysaccharide according to claim 9, characterized in that: The trichoderma viride is a trichoderma viride composite material, which consists of urea-modified seaweed fiber, sucrose solution and trichoderma viride powder in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1:5-8.

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