Heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of floor materials, in particular to a heat-insulation, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material. The floor material sequentially comprises a heat insulation and radiation prevention layer, a blocking layer and a fabric layer from left to right, wherein the fabric layer, the barrier layer and the heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer are bonded and connected through a first adhesive. The floor material integrates multiple functions of heat insulation, flame retardance, radiation protection and the like, and can be widely applied to the fields of fireproof building materials, public transportation, data centers / hospitals and other special scenes and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of floor materials, and in particular to a heat-insulating, flame-retardant, and radiation-proof floor material, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Modern buildings are becoming increasingly numerous, with skyscrapers popping up one after another. When a fire breaks out in such a high-rise building, the chances of people escaping are minimal, seriously affecting the safety of people's lives and property. Therefore, building materials are increasingly focusing on practical functions such as fire safety, energy conservation and environmental protection, and safety and health.

[0003] The limitations of traditional flooring materials in terms of fire safety, energy conservation, environmental protection, safety, and health are becoming increasingly prominent. For example, the high thermal conductivity of ordinary wooden flooring makes it ineffective in blocking heat transfer, resulting in significant heat loss from the ground. This means it lacks insulation in the summer and warmth in the winter. This inadvertently increases the energy consumption burden on air conditioning and heating systems, leading to energy waste. Furthermore, traditional wood or PVC flooring is generally flammable. When exposed to fire, it not only burns rapidly but also releases large amounts of toxic smoke, becoming a major safety hazard in the frequent building fires in recent years. Furthermore, in the 5G era, electromagnetic radiation pollution from electronic devices within buildings is becoming increasingly serious. Conventional flooring lacks electromagnetic shielding capabilities, and long-term exposure may pose a potential threat to human health.

[0004] In the existing technology, some improved floors enhance certain properties by adding flame retardants or using metal composite materials, but there are still many defects: for example, the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation material is insufficient, and it cannot keep warm in winter and cool in summer; the flame retardant ability of traditional flame retardants is limited; metal-based materials with electromagnetic shielding functions have the problem of affecting communication signals; in addition, traditional materials have single performance and cannot integrate multiple functions such as thermal insulation, flame retardancy and radiation protection.

[0005] Therefore, the research and development of new multifunctional floor materials with thermal insulation, flame retardancy and radiation protection properties has important practical significance and application value. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above technical issues, the present invention provides a thermally insulating, flame-retardant, and radiation-proof flooring material, as well as its preparation method and application. This flooring material combines thermal insulation, flame retardancy, and radiation protection, meeting practical requirements for fire safety, energy conservation, environmental protection, safety, and health. It can be widely used in fire-resistant building materials, public transportation, data centers, hospitals, and other specialized scenarios.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a heat-insulating, flame-retardant, and radiation-proof floor material, which comprises, from left to right, a heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer, a barrier layer, and a fabric layer;

[0009] The fabric layer, the barrier layer and the heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer are bonded together by a first adhesive;

[0010] The fabric layer includes 2-4 layers of aramid fiber and 2-4 layers of poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber;

[0011] The layers of aramid fiber and poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber are bonded together by a first adhesive;

[0012] The barrier layer includes 1-3 layers of liquid crystal polymer film;

[0013] The heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer includes 1-3 layers of quartz fiber and 1-3 layers of alumina fiber;

[0014] The layers of quartz fiber and alumina fiber are bonded and connected by a second adhesive.

[0015] In the present invention, heat-resistant, flame-retardant and radiation-resistant aramid fibers are bonded with ultra-high-strength, heat-resistant and wear-resistant poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers through multiple layers to form a fabric layer, which gives the floor material heat-resistant, flame-retardant and wear-resistant properties. The fabric layer is soft and can be used as the ground layer of the floor material or the outer layer of the wall decoration to absorb sound and reduce vibration, avoiding the need to lay another layer of carpet. A multi-layer liquid crystal polymer film with excellent fire resistance is then used as a barrier layer to give the floor material excellent heat resistance and flame retardant properties. Finally, a high-temperature resistant (1000°C) Quartz fiber, alumina fiber, aerogel and radiation-proof metal powder in a specific ratio are bonded together to form a thermal insulation and radiation-proof layer, which gives the floor material properties such as thermal insulation, sound insulation and shock absorption, lightweight, and shielding of electromagnetic radiation without affecting communication signals; finally, through the composite connection between the fabric layer, the barrier layer and the thermal insulation and radiation-proof layer, a floor material that combines thermal insulation, flame retardancy and radiation protection is obtained. This floor material can be widely used in scenarios with a lot of electromagnetic radiation, such as fire-proof building materials, fire-proof public transportation, data centers / hospitals, etc.

[0016] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the first adhesive include the following components in the following mass percentages: 80%-90% polyurethane adhesive, 3%-10% leveling agent and 2%-10% slip agent;

[0017] The first adhesive of the present invention, formulated with the aforementioned ratio, provides a strong bond between the layers, making it impossible to peel manually. Mechanical peeling strength is above 10N. Furthermore, if the polyurethane adhesive dosage is less than 80%, the bonding strength decreases; if the polyurethane adhesive dosage exceeds 90%, material costs may increase.

[0018] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the liquid crystal polymer film include the following components in the following mass percentages: 85% to 90% of LCP resin, 3% to 10% of leveling agent, and 2% to 8% of lubricant.

[0019] Preferably, the LCP resin is any one or more of S145, E471i and TLCP-2000.

[0020] In the present invention, LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymer) resin is one of the special plastics with the best fire safety. It has excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, radiation resistance and excellent flame retardancy. It can extinguish flames without burning, giving the floor material excellent flame retardancy.

[0021] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the second adhesive include the following components in the following mass percentages: 3%-10% aerogel, 80%-90% polyurethane adhesive, 2%-10% radiation-proof metal powder, 3%-5% leveling agent and 2%-5% lubricant.

[0022] The second adhesive of the present invention, with the aforementioned ratio, can bond the layers together with high strength, resulting in a non-peelable bond between the layers. The peel strength measured by a machine is over 10N. However, if the polyurethane adhesive is used at less than 80%, the bonding strength decreases; if the polyurethane adhesive is used at more than 90%, material costs may increase.

[0023] Preferably, the aerogel includes any one or more of SiO2 aerogel, Al2O3 aerogel, and ZrO2 aerogel.

[0024] In this invention, aerogel is a novel material with a nanoporous structure that effectively inhibits gas convection and heat conduction. It boasts the lowest thermal conductivity of any solid material (as low as 0.013 W / m·K), offering thermal insulation, sound insulation, vibration reduction, and lightweight properties. When the aerogel-containing second adhesive bonds the various layers, the aerogel imparts excellent thermal insulation properties to the flooring material while also providing sound insulation, vibration reduction, and lightweight properties.

[0025] Preferably, the radiation-proof metal powder comprises: gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide and terbium oxide in a mass ratio of (3-5): (1.5-3): (1-2); the particle sizes of gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide and terbium oxide are all less than 100 nm, and are surface-modified with a silane coupling agent.

[0026] The radiation-proof metal powder of the present invention is composed of three rare earth metals in a specific ratio. It absorbs electromagnetic waves in the 1-5 GHz frequency band through a magnetic loss mechanism. The three rare earth metals exhibit a synergistic effect, resulting in an electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE) of 25-30 dB. Furthermore, it is compatible with communication signals and has minimal impact on civilian communication frequency bands (such as WiFi 2.4 / 5 GHz), with actual measurements showing signal attenuation of less than 10%. Therefore, the radiation-proof metal powder of the present invention with this ratio can shield electromagnetic radiation without affecting communication signals.

[0027] Preferably, the polyurethane adhesive is any one of HT-806, PU-818 and YH-818;

[0028] The leveling agent is any one of BYK-306, BYK-354 and HT-306;

[0029] The lubricant is any one of KY-ER, ZJ-100 and TS-6.

[0030] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material, comprising:

[0031] Adopting a dry lamination method, bonding the fabric layer and the barrier layer together with a first adhesive to obtain a fabric / barrier composite material;

[0032] The fabric / barrier composite material is then bonded to another heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer using a first adhesive to obtain a heat-insulating, flame-retardant, and radiation-proof floor material.

[0033] Preferably, the fabric layer is prepared by: using a dry lamination method, sequentially bonding 2-4 layers of aramid fibers with a first adhesive;

[0034] Then, 2 to 4 layers of poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers are sequentially bonded thereon to obtain a fabric layer.

[0035] Preferably, the barrier layer is prepared by adding the raw materials for preparing the barrier layer into a 1-3 layer co-extrusion film blowing machine, melting and plasticizing the raw materials into a melt, extruding the melt into a tube through an annular mouth, and then inflating the melt with compressed air in the tube. After cooling, pulling, and winding, the barrier layer is obtained.

[0036] Preferably, the preparation method of the heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer is as follows: weighing the raw material components of the second adhesive, adding the polyurethane adhesive into a twin-screw extruder, stirring and melting at 150-180° C. and 80-120 rpm to form a premelt, then adding radiation-proof metal powder, a leveling agent, and a lubricant in a nitrogen atmosphere, stirring uniformly at 200-350 rpm, and finally adding aerogel at 120-150° C., 80-120 rpm, and a melt pressure of <8 MPa, mixing, plasticizing into a melt, and casting onto the surface of a quartz fiber; then heating with another quartz fiber at 120-150° C. to form a film, to obtain a quartz fiber with a composite two-layer structure;

[0037] The second adhesive melt is then cast onto the surface of the composite quartz fiber with a two-layer structure, and then heated with another quartz fiber at 120-150° C. to form a film, thereby obtaining a composite three-layer quartz fiber layer;

[0038] The melt of the second adhesive is continuously cast onto the surface of the quartz fiber layer of the composite three-layer structure, and then heated with an alumina fiber at 120-150° C. to form a film, thereby obtaining a quartz fiber layer / alumina fiber composite three-layer structure;

[0039] The second adhesive melt is then cast onto the surface of the composite three-layer structure of quartz fiber layer / alumina fiber, and then heated with another alumina fiber at 120-150°C to form a film to obtain a composite three-layer structure of quartz fiber layer / 2 layers of alumina fiber surface. The above process is repeated once to obtain a thermal insulation and radiation protection layer.

[0040] The present invention adopts a twin-screw extruder with more uniform shear dispersion to melt a polyurethane adhesive at a low temperature (150-180°C, which is lower than the decomposition threshold of aerogel, lubricant and smoothing agent) to form a premelt. The temperature does not destroy the structure and composition of the aerogel, lubricant and smoothing agent, thereby preventing the aerogel, lubricant and smoothing agent from being directly exposed to a high temperature environment, which would cause the components to be destroyed and fail. Nitrogen is introduced to form an oxygen-free atmosphere to prevent metal oxidation. Then, under high-speed shearing, the metal powder, smoothing agent and smoothing agent are uniformly mixed with the premelt. Then, the aerogel is added and mixed at a low speed at 120-150°C (which is lower than the decomposition threshold of the aerogel, does not destroy the structure and composition of the aerogel, and prevents the aerogel from being directly exposed to a high temperature environment, which would cause the structure to be destroyed and fail). The melt is then layered and adhered to quartz fiber and alumina fiber to obtain a heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer.

[0041] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides applications of the above-mentioned heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material or the heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material obtained by the above-mentioned preparation method in the field of fire prevention and radiation protection.

[0042] The present invention has superior thermal insulation, flame retardancy, and radiation protection properties in floor materials, and is used as a fireproof material in the construction field. For example, if it is laid on the floors, walls, roofs, and other locations of a building, it can form a fireproof and heat-insulating space. If the material is used in public transportation, such as the interior materials of subways, buses, and coaches, it has fireproof and heat-insulating properties and can protect the lives of passengers. If the material is used in data centers / hospitals and other spaces with a lot of radiation as wall and floor decoration materials, it can shield a large amount of electromagnetic radiation and protect people's health and safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the heat-insulating, flame-retardant, and radiation-proof floor material of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fabric layer structure of the heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the barrier layer structure of the heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the heat insulation and radiation protection layer structure of the heat insulation, flame retardant and radiation protection floor material of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0048] In the present invention specification, “the product models cited are for illustration only and have no connection with the right holders or manufacturers” Example 1

[0049] An embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal insulation, flame retardant, and radiation-proof flooring material. The thermal insulation, flame retardant, and radiation-proof flooring material comprises, from left to right, a thermal insulation and radiation-proof layer, a barrier layer, and a fabric layer. The fabric layer, the barrier layer, and the thermal insulation and radiation-proof layer are bonded together in sequence by a first adhesive. The fabric layer comprises two layers of aramid fiber (lightning resistance > 600°C, thermal shrinkage (400°C) < 1%) and two layers of poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber (tensile strength ≥ 5.5 GPa, modulus ≥ 250 GPa).

[0050] The layers of aramid fiber and poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber are bonded and connected by a first adhesive;

[0051] The barrier layer is a layer of liquid crystal polymer film;

[0052] The heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer includes two layers of quartz fiber and one layer of alumina fiber;

[0053] The layers of quartz fiber and alumina fiber are bonded and connected by a second adhesive.

[0054] The raw materials for preparing the first adhesive include the following components in the following mass percentages: 80% polyurethane adhesive (HT-80), 3% leveling agent (BYK-354) and 2% slip agent (KY-ER);

[0055] The raw materials for preparing the liquid crystal polymer film include the following components in the following mass percentages: 85% LCP resin (S145), 3% leveling agent (BYK-354) and 2% slip agent (KY-ER);

[0056] The second adhesive is prepared using the following raw materials in the following weight percentages: 3% SiO2 aerogel, 80% polyurethane adhesive (HT-80), 2% radiation-proof metal powder, 3% leveling agent (BYK-354), and 2% lubricant (KY-ER). The radiation-proof metal powder is gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide, and terbium oxide in a mass ratio of 3:1.5:1. Each of the gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide, and terbium oxide has been surface-modified with a silane coupling agent and has a particle size of less than 100 nm.

[0057] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material, which is prepared by a dry composite method and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: After bonding two layers of aramid fibers in sequence with a first adhesive, two layers of poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers are bonded thereon in sequence to obtain a fabric layer.

[0059] Step 2: Preparation of barrier layer: The raw materials are added into a single-layer co-extrusion film blowing machine and melted and plasticized into a melt. Then, the melt is extruded into a tube through an annular mouth. The melt is then inflated by compressed air in the tube. After cooling, pulling and winding, the barrier layer is obtained.

[0060] Step 3: The preparation method of the heat insulation and radiation protection layer is as follows: weigh the components of the raw materials for preparing the second adhesive, first add the polyurethane adhesive into a twin-screw extruder, stir and melt at 150°C and 80rpm to form a premelt, then continue to add radiation protection metal powder, leveling agent and lubricant in a nitrogen atmosphere and stir evenly at 200rpm, finally add aerogel and mix at 120°C, 80rpm, and a melt pressure of 1MPa to plasticize into a melt; then cast the melt onto the surface of a quartz fiber, and then heat it with another quartz fiber at 120°C to form a film, thereby obtaining a quartz fiber with a composite two-layer structure;

[0061] The melt of the second adhesive is continuously cast onto the surface of the quartz fiber layer of the composite two-layer structure, and then heated with an alumina fiber at 120° C. to form a film, thereby obtaining a composite two-layer structure of a quartz fiber layer / one layer of alumina fiber.

[0062] Step 4: bonding the fabric layer and the barrier layer together using a first adhesive to obtain a fabric / barrier composite material;

[0063] The fabric / barrier composite material is then bonded to another heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer using the first adhesive to obtain a heat-insulating, flame-retardant, and radiation-proof floor material.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] An embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal insulation, flame retardant, and radiation-proof flooring material. The thermal insulation, flame retardant, and radiation-proof flooring material comprises, from left to right, a thermal insulation and radiation-proof layer, a barrier layer, and a fabric layer. The fabric layer, the barrier layer, and the thermal insulation and radiation-proof layer are bonded together in sequence by a first adhesive. The fabric layer comprises three layers of aramid fiber (lightning resistance > 600°C, thermal shrinkage (400°C) < 1%) and three layers of poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber (tensile strength ≥ 5.5 GPa, modulus ≥ 250 GPa).

[0066] The layers of aramid fiber and poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber are bonded and connected by a first adhesive;

[0067] The barrier layer includes two layers of liquid crystal polymer films;

[0068] The heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer includes 2 layers of quartz fiber and 2 layers of alumina fiber;

[0069] The layers of quartz fiber and alumina fiber are bonded and connected by a second adhesive.

[0070] The raw materials for preparing the first adhesive include the following components in the following mass percentages: 85% polyurethane adhesive (PU-818), 6% leveling agent (BYK-354) and 5% slip agent (ZJ-100);

[0071] The raw materials for preparing the liquid crystal polymer film include the following components in the following mass percentages: 88% LCP resin (E471i), 7% leveling agent (BYK-354) and 7% slip agent (ZJ-100);

[0072] The raw materials for preparing the second adhesive include the following components in the following mass percentages: 8% aerogel (Al3O2 aerogel), 87% polyurethane adhesive (PU-818), 8% radiation-proof metal powder, 4% leveling agent (BYK-354) and 4% lubricant (ZJ-100); among them, the radiation-proof metal powder is gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide and terbium oxide in a mass ratio of 4:2:1; gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide and terbium oxide are all surface-modified with a silane coupling agent, and the particle size is less than 100 nm.

[0073] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material, which is prepared by a dry composite method and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0074] Step 1: After bonding three layers of aramid fiber in sequence with a first adhesive, three layers of poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber are bonded thereon in sequence to obtain a fabric layer.

[0075] Step 2: Add the raw materials for preparing the barrier layer into a three-layer co-extrusion film blowing machine, melt and plasticize them into a melt, then extrude them into a tube through an annular mouth. Then, the melt is inflated by the compressed air in the tube. After cooling, pulling, and winding, the barrier layer is obtained.

[0076] Step 3: The preparation method of the heat insulation and radiation protection layer is as follows: weigh the components of the raw materials for preparing the second adhesive, first add the polyurethane adhesive into a twin-screw extruder, stir and melt at 160°C and 100pm to form a premelt, then continue to add radiation protection metal powder, flattening agent and lubricant in a nitrogen atmosphere and stir evenly at 250rpm, finally add aerogel at 130°C, 100rpm, and a melt pressure of 3MPa, mix and plasticize into a melt; then cast the melt onto the surface of a quartz fiber, and then heat it with another quartz fiber at 130°C to form a film to obtain a composite two-layer structure of quartz fiber; then cast the second adhesive melt onto the surface of the composite two-layer structure of quartz fiber, and then heat it with another quartz fiber at 130°C to form a film to obtain a composite three-layer structure of quartz fiber layer;

[0077] The melt of the second adhesive is continuously cast onto the surface of the quartz fiber layer of the composite three-layer structure, and then heated with an alumina fiber at 130° C. to form a film, thereby obtaining a composite three-layer structure of a quartz fiber layer / one alumina fiber layer;

[0078] The second adhesive melt is then cast onto the surface of the composite three-layer structure of quartz fiber layer / 1 layer of alumina fiber, and then heated with another alumina fiber at 130°C to form a film, thereby obtaining a composite three-layer structure of quartz fiber layer / 2 layers of alumina fiber to obtain a heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer.

[0079] Step 4: Bond the fabric layer and the barrier layer with the first adhesive to obtain a fabric / barrier composite material; continue bonding the fabric / barrier composite material to another thermal insulation and radiation-proof layer with the first adhesive to obtain a thermal insulation, flame retardant and radiation-proof floor material.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] An embodiment of the present invention provides a heat-insulating, flame-retardant, and radiation-proof flooring material. The heat-insulating, flame-retardant, and radiation-proof flooring material comprises, from left to right, a heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer, a barrier layer, and a fabric layer. The fabric layer, the barrier layer, and the heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer are bonded together in sequence by a first adhesive.

[0082] The fabric layer is wrapped with 4 layers of aramid fiber (lightning > 600℃, thermal shrinkage (400℃) <1%) and 4 layers of poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber (lightning > 600℃, thermal shrinkage (400℃) <1%);

[0083] The layers of aramid fiber and poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber are bonded and connected by a first adhesive;

[0084] The barrier layer includes three layers of liquid crystal polymer films;

[0085] The heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer includes 3 layers of quartz fiber and 3 layers of alumina fiber;

[0086] The layers of quartz fiber and alumina fiber are bonded and connected by a second adhesive.

[0087] The raw materials for preparing the first adhesive include the following components in the following mass percentages: 90% polyurethane adhesive (YH-818), 10% leveling agent (HT-306) and 10% slip agent (TS-6);

[0088] The raw materials for preparing the liquid crystal polymer film include the following components in the following mass percentages: 90% LCP resin (TLCP-2000), 10% leveling agent (HT-306) and 8% slip agent (TS-6);

[0089] The raw materials for preparing the second adhesive include the following components in the following mass percentages: 10% aerogel (ZrO2 aerogel), 90% polyurethane adhesive (YH-818), 10% radiation-proof metal powder, 5% leveling agent (HT-306) and 5% lubricant (TS-6).

[0090] The radiation-proof metal powder is gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide and terbium oxide in a mass ratio of 5:3:2; the gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide and terbium oxide are all surface-modified with a silane coupling agent, and the particle sizes are all less than 100 nm.

[0091] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material, which is prepared by a dry composite method and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0092] Step 1: After bonding 4 layers of aramid fibers in sequence with a first adhesive, 4 layers of poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers are bonded thereon in sequence to obtain a fabric layer.

[0093] Step 2: Preparation of barrier layer: The raw materials are added into a 4-layer co-extrusion film blowing machine and melted and plasticized into a melt. Then, the melt is extruded into a tube through an annular mouth. The melt is then inflated by compressed air in the tube. After cooling, pulling and winding, the barrier layer is obtained.

[0094] Step 3: The preparation method of the heat insulation and radiation protection layer is as follows: weigh the components of the raw materials for preparing the second adhesive, add the polyurethane adhesive into a twin-screw extruder, stir and melt at 180°C and 120rpm to form a premelt, and then continue to add radiation protection metal powder, flattening agent and lubricant in a nitrogen atmosphere and stir evenly at 350rpm. Finally, add aerogel at 150°C, 120rpm, and a melt pressure of 6MPa, mix, and plasticize into a melt; then cast the melt onto the surface of a quartz fiber, and then heat it with another quartz fiber at 150°C to form a film to obtain a composite two-layer structure of quartz fiber; then cast the second adhesive melt onto the surface of the composite two-layer structure of quartz fiber, and then heat it with another quartz fiber at 150°C to form a film to obtain a composite three-layer structure of quartz fiber layer;

[0095] The melt of the second adhesive is continuously cast onto the surface of the quartz fiber layer of the composite three-layer structure, and then heated with an alumina fiber at 150° C. to form a film, thereby obtaining a composite three-layer structure of a quartz fiber layer / one alumina fiber layer;

[0096] The second adhesive melt is then cast onto the surface of the composite three-layer structure of quartz fiber layer / 1 layer of alumina fiber, and then heated with another alumina fiber at 150°C to form a film to obtain the surface of the composite three-layer structure of quartz fiber layer / 2 layers of alumina fiber. The above process is repeated once to obtain a thermal insulation and radiation protection layer.

[0097] Step 4: Bond the fabric layer and the barrier layer with the first adhesive to obtain a fabric / barrier composite material; continue bonding the fabric / barrier composite material to another thermal insulation and radiation-proof layer with the first adhesive to obtain a thermal insulation, flame retardant and radiation-proof floor material.

[0098] Comparative Example 1

[0099] Compared with Example 2, the floor material of the present invention omits the heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer;

[0100] Compared with the preparation method of Example 2, the preparation method of the floor material omits step three (preparation of the heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer) and omits the bonding step of the heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer in step four. The remaining steps are the same as those of Example 2.

[0101] Comparative Example 2

[0102] The raw materials for preparing the second adhesive of the floor material of the present invention do not contain Al3O2 aerogel, and the remaining ingredients are the same as those in Example 2;

[0103] The preparation method of the floor material omits the step of adding Al3O2 aerogel, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0104] Comparative Example 3

[0105] The radiation-proof metal powders in the raw materials for preparing the second adhesive of the flooring material of the present invention are gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide, and terbium oxide in a mass ratio of 3:1:1. The particle sizes of gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide, and terbium oxide are all less than 100 nm and have been surface-modified with a silane coupling agent. The remaining ingredients are the same as those in Example 2.

[0106] The preparation method of the floor material omits the step of adding the radiation-proof metal powder, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0107] Comparative Example 4

[0108] The radiation-proof metal powders in the raw materials for preparing the second adhesive of the flooring material of the present invention are gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide, and terbium oxide in a mass ratio of 5:3:4. The particle sizes of gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide, and terbium oxide are all less than 100 nm and have been surface-modified with a silane coupling agent. The remaining ingredients are the same as those in Example 2.

[0109] The preparation method of the floor material omits the step of adding the radiation-proof metal powder, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0110] Verification Example 1

[0111] The floor materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were tested for heat insulation, flame retardancy, radiation protection, and high temperature resistance. The test results and performance indicators are shown in Table 1.

[0112] Table 1 Test results and performance indicators

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] Note: The lower the thermal conductivity value, the better the thermal insulation performance.

[0116] As shown in Table 1, the thermal insulation, flame retardancy, electromagnetic radiation protection, and high temperature resistance of the thermal insulation, flame retardancy, and radiation-proof flooring materials prepared in Examples 1-3 all met the standard requirements. However, the flooring materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1-4 did not meet the standard requirements in terms of thermal insulation, flame retardancy, electromagnetic radiation protection, and high temperature resistance.

[0117] Comparative Example 1's thermal insulation, flame retardancy, radiation protection, and high-temperature resistance all failed to meet standard requirements. This may be due to the lack of a thermal insulation layer. Comparative Example 2's thermal insulation and flame retardancy also failed to meet standard requirements because it lacked aerogel. The substandard electromagnetic radiation protection performance of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 is related to changes in the composition ratio of the radiation-proof alloy powder. This further demonstrates that the formulations of Examples 1-3 of the present invention are superior to those of Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0118] The experimental data of Comparative Example 3 show that when the amount of holmium oxide added is too small, the shielding effectiveness (SE) for medium and high frequency electromagnetic waves, such as those in the 1 to 3 GHz frequency band, will be reduced to 23 dB. It will also weaken the synergistic effect of gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide, and terbium oxide, resulting in a decrease in electromagnetic shielding performance.

[0119] Experimental data from Comparative Example 4 shows that when excessive terbium oxide is added, the shielding effectiveness (SE) in the 1-3 GHz frequency band can drop to 18 dB. This may be because excessive terbium oxide causes magnetic loss saturation, destroying the synergistic effect of gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide, and terbium oxide, reducing absorption efficiency in specific frequency bands (such as 1-3 GHz), resulting in a decrease in shielding effectiveness (SE). It also increases attenuation in the 2.4 / 5 GHz band (by more than 10%), affecting normal communications. This further demonstrates that the thermal insulation, flame retardancy, and radiation protection flooring of Examples 1-3 of the present invention are superior to those of Comparative Examples 3-4.

[0120] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material, characterized in that: The heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material comprises, from left to right, a heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer, a barrier layer and a fabric layer; The fabric layer, the barrier layer and the heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer are bonded together by a first adhesive; The fabric layer comprises 2-4 layers of aramid fibers and 2-4 layers of poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers; The layers of the aramid fiber and the poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fiber are bonded together by a first adhesive; The barrier layer comprises 1-3 layers of liquid crystal polymer film; The heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer comprises 1-3 layers of quartz fiber and 1-3 layers of alumina fiber; The layers of quartz fiber and alumina fiber are bonded and connected by a second adhesive.

2. The heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the first adhesive include the following components in the following mass percentages: 80%-90% polyurethane adhesive, 3%-10% leveling agent and 2%-10% slip agent; and / or The raw materials for preparing the liquid crystal polymer film include the following components in the following mass percentages: 85% to 90% of LCP resin, 3% to 10% of leveling agent and 2% to 8% of lubricant; and / or The raw materials for preparing the second adhesive include the following components in the following mass percentages: 3%-10% aerogel, 80%-90% polyurethane adhesive, 2%-10% radiation-proof metal powder, 3%-5% leveling agent and 2%-5% lubricant.

3. The heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The LCP resin is any one or more of S145, E471i and TLCP-2000; and / or The aerogel includes any one or more of SiO2 aerogel, Al2O3 aerogel, and ZrO2 aerogel.

4. The heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radiation-proof metal powder comprises gadolinium oxide, holmium oxide and terbium oxide in a mass ratio of (3-5): (1.5-3): (1-2).

5. The heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polyurethane adhesive is any one of HT-806, PU-818 and YH-818; and / or The flattening agent is any one of BYK-306, BYK-354 and HT-306; and / or The lubricant is any one of KY-ER, ZJ-100 and TS-6.

6. The method for preparing the heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: Adhere the fabric layer and the barrier layer together by bonding them together with the first adhesive to obtain a fabric / barrier composite material; The fabric / barrier composite material is then bonded to another heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer using the first adhesive to obtain a heat-insulating, flame-retardant, and radiation-proof floor material.

7. The method for preparing the heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fabric layer is prepared by: using a dry lamination method, sequentially bonding 2 to 4 layers of aramid fibers with the first adhesive; Then, 2 to 4 layers of poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) fibers are sequentially bonded thereon to obtain a fabric layer.

8. The method for preparing the heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The barrier layer is prepared by adding the raw materials for preparing the barrier layer into a 2-4 layer co-extrusion film blowing machine, melting and plasticizing the raw materials into a melt, extruding the melt into a tube through an annular die, and then inflating the melt with compressed air in the tube. After cooling, pulling, and winding, the barrier layer is obtained.

9. The method for preparing the heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of the heat-insulating and radiation-proof layer comprises: weighing the raw material components of the second adhesive, adding the polyurethane adhesive into a twin-screw extruder, stirring and melting at 150-180° C. and 80-120 rpm to form a premelt, then adding radiation-proof metal powder, a leveling agent, and a lubricant in a nitrogen atmosphere, stirring uniformly at 200-350 rpm, and finally adding aerogel, mixing at 120-150° C. and 80-120 rpm, with a melt pressure of less than 8 MPa, plasticizing into a melt, casting the melt onto the surface of a quartz fiber, and then heating the melt with another quartz fiber at 120-150° C. to form a film, thereby obtaining a quartz fiber with a composite two-layer structure; then casting the second adhesive melt onto the surface of the quartz fiber with the composite two-layer structure, and then heating the melt with another quartz fiber at 120-150° C. to form a film, thereby obtaining a quartz fiber layer with a composite three-layer structure; The melt of the second adhesive is continuously cast onto the surface of the quartz fiber layer of the composite three-layer structure, and then heated with an alumina fiber at 120-150° C. to form a film, thereby obtaining a quartz fiber layer / alumina fiber composite three-layer structure; Then, a second adhesive melt is cast onto the surface of the quartz fiber layer / alumina fiber composite three-layer structure, and then heated with another alumina fiber at 120-150° C. to form a film, thereby obtaining a quartz fiber layer / two-layer alumina fiber composite three-layer structure surface; The second adhesive melt is then cast onto the surface of the composite three-layer structure of quartz fiber layer / 2 layers of alumina fiber, and then heated with an alumina fiber at 120-150°C to form a film to obtain a composite three-layer structure of quartz fiber layer / 3 layers of alumina fiber, that is, a heat insulation and radiation protection layer.

10. Use of the heat-insulating, flame-retardant and radiation-proof floor material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the fields of fireproof buildings and radiation protection.

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