Air spring capable of adaptively adjusting rigidity

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of air springs, in particular to an air spring capable of adaptively adjusting rigidity. According to the technical scheme, the two ends of an air bag assembly are connected with an upper cover assembly and a lower cover assembly respectively, and the air bag assembly is provided with a pressurizing assembly; a partition plate dividing the air bag assembly into a first buffering cavity and a second buffering cavity is arranged in the air bag assembly. The pressurizing assembly comprises an arc-shaped plate, a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve; the arc-shaped plate divides the second buffering cavity into a pressurizing cavity, the second one-way valve is used for sucking external air into the pressurizing cavity in a one-way mode when the air bag assembly deforms, and the first one-way valve is used for inflating the second buffering cavity with the air in the pressurizing cavity in a one-way mode when the air bag assembly restores. Through the synergistic effect of the double-buffering-cavity structure and the pressurizing assembly, self-adaptive adjustment of the rigidity of the air spring is achieved, the buffering performance and stability are effectively improved, and the requirements of complex working conditions are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air springs, and particularly to an air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of modern industry and transportation, air springs are widely used in vehicle suspensions, mechanical equipment vibration isolation, etc. due to their excellent buffering and shock absorption performance. Traditional air springs mostly adopt a fixed stiffness design and achieve the buffering function through a single air chamber structure. This structure exposes obvious limitations when facing complex and changeable working conditions. When the load changes, it is difficult for the air spring with fixed stiffness to simultaneously meet the buffering and support requirements under different loads.

[0003] The air circuit control and pressure regulation methods of traditional air springs are relatively simple. Traditional air springs mostly adopt a basic air circuit structure based on a single inflation valve or deflation valve. This "single-point" control mode relies on frequent manual intervention. Not only does the operator need to judge and manually open and close the valve based on experience, but there are obvious hysteresis and error accumulation in the entire pressure regulation process. Due to the lack of real-time pressure monitoring and dynamic feedback mechanisms, traditional air springs can neither quickly respond to adjust the pressure nor stably maintain the internal air pressure within an ideal range, resulting in significant fluctuations in the buffering performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment, which solves the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] The solution of the present invention to the above technical problems is as follows: An air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment, comprising: an airbag assembly, upper and lower cover assemblies are respectively installed at both ends of the airbag assembly, a decompression component is installed on the upper cover, a safety valve is installed on the lower cover assembly through a conduit, a pressurization component is installed on the airbag assembly, a partition is provided inside the airbag assembly, and the airbag assembly is divided into a first buffer chamber and a second buffer chamber by the partition, and the air pressure in the second buffer chamber is higher than that in the first buffer chamber. The pressurization component includes an arc plate, a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve. A pressurization chamber is separated in the second one-way valve by the arc plate. The first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are respectively embedded on the outer walls of the arc plate and the pressurization chamber. When the airbag assembly deforms, external air is unidirectionally inhaled into the pressurization chamber through the second one-way valve, and when the airbag assembly returns to its original state, the air in the pressurization chamber is unidirectionally filled into the second buffer chamber through the first one-way valve.

[0006] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0007] Furthermore, two interfaces are provided on both the upper and lower cover assemblies, the decompression assembly and the upper sealing member are respectively installed in the two interfaces of the upper cover, a safety valve is installed in one interface of the lower cover assembly through a conduit, and a lower sealing member is installed in the other interface of the lower cover assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, an upper connecting piece is installed on the upper cover, and a lower connecting piece is installed on the lower cover assembly. The airbag assembly is connected and fixed to the external device through the upper connecting piece of the upper cover and the lower connecting piece of the lower cover assembly.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure reducing assembly includes a valve body, a connecting pipe is installed on the valve body, the valve body is connected to the interface of the upper cover through the connecting pipe, a fixing plate is installed on the valve body, the valve body is fixed by the fixing plate, an exhaust pipe is installed on the side of the valve body away from the connecting pipe, and a power assembly and a pressure gauge are installed on the valve body.

[0010] Furthermore, a plug-in tube is provided on one side surface of the upper cover and lower cover assembly located inside the airbag assembly, a sealing plate is installed in the plug-in tube through a first spring, an air hole is provided at the connection between the plug-in tube and the upper cover and lower cover assembly, and a through hole is provided at one end of the plug-in tube away from the upper cover and lower cover assembly, and the sealing plate blocks the through hole by the elastic force of the first spring.

[0011] Furthermore, a limiting tube is provided on the partition, and a push rod is installed in the limiting tube through a fixing frame. When the airbag assembly is over-compressed and the plug-in tube contacts the push rod, the push rod pushes open the sealing plate in the plug-in tube, thereby replenishing the air in the second buffer cavity into the first buffer cavity, balancing the air pressure in the first buffer cavity and the second buffer cavity, and thereby increasing the air pressure in the first buffer cavity and increasing the support hardness of the first buffer cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, after the insertion tube is separated from the push rod in the limiting tube, when the airbag assembly is deformed, air is inflated into the second buffer cavity through the booster cavity, thereby increasing the air pressure in the second buffer cavity, thereby continuously increasing the support hardness of the second buffer cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve include an outer shell, a retaining frame is installed in the outer shell through a reed, a connecting rod is installed in the outer shell through the retaining frame, a baffle is provided at one end of the connecting rod, and a second spring is provided on the connecting rod between the retaining frame and the baffle, and the baffle is driven by the elastic force of the second spring to close the air inlet of the outer shell.

[0014] Furthermore, a slot is provided in the housing near the retaining frame, and a spring is installed in the housing through the slot, and the retaining frame is installed in the housing through the spring and a second spring.

[0015] The present invention provides an air spring with self - adaptive stiffness adjustment, having the following beneficial effects: Through the inhalation and input of air by the pressurizing component during the deformation and reset of the airbag component, the air pressure inside the airbag can be automatically adjusted according to the pressure received, thereby achieving self - adaptive adjustment of stiffness to better adapt to different loads and working conditions.

[0016] The upper cover is provided with a pressure - reducing component, which can release the pressure inside the airbag when necessary, avoid damage to the airbag caused by excessive pressure, and at the same time can further optimize the performance of the air spring, enabling it to work stably within a wider pressure range.

[0017] The overall structure is designed around the airbag component, upper cover, lower cover component, and related pressurizing and pressure - reducing components. The layout is compact, and each component works in coordination. While achieving the function of self - adaptive stiffness adjustment, it ensures the stability and reliability of the structure, and is easy to manufacture and maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, form a part of this application, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention.

[0019] In the drawings: Figure 1 is the front - view external appearance schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the bottom - view external appearance schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 is the bottom - view semi - sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 is the front - view semi - sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 is of the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram at position A; Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the sealing plate in the opened state of the present invention; Figure 7 is the external appearance schematic diagram of the insertion pipe of the present invention.

[0020] In the drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows: 1. Upper cover; 101. Upper plugging member; 102. Upper connecting member; 2. Pressure reducing component; 201. Connecting pipe; 202. Power component; 203. Fixed plate; 204. Exhaust pipe; 205. Pressure gauge; 206. Valve body; 3. Airbag component; 301. Partition board; 302. Limiting pipe; 303. Sealing plate; 304. First spring; 305. Air hole; 306. Insertion connecting pipe; 307. First buffer cavity; 308. Fixed bracket; 309. Thrust rod; 4. Lower cover assembly; 401. Safety valve; 402. Conduit; 403. Lower connecting member; 404. Lower plugging member; 5. Pressurizing component; 501. Arc plate; 502. Pressurizing cavity; 503. Second buffer cavity; 504. First one-way valve; 505. Second one-way valve; 506. Reed; 507. Retaining frame; 508. Outer shell; 509. Second spring; 510. Baffle; 511. Link rod; 512. Card slot. Specific embodiments

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 as shown, the embodiments provided by the present invention: Embodiment 1: An air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment comprises: an airbag assembly 3, an upper cover 1 and a lower cover assembly 4 are respectively installed at both ends of the airbag assembly 3, a decompression assembly 2 is installed on the upper cover 1, and the decompression assembly 2 can realize manual precise adjustment. When the pressure in the first buffer chamber 307 changes under complex working conditions, the operator can release gas as needed through the decompression assembly 2 to restore the pressure in the first buffer chamber 307 to the initial pressure value, ensuring that the air spring is always in an ideal working state, effectively improving the flexibility and controllability of use, and a safety valve 401 is installed on the lower cover assembly 4 through a conduit 402, and the safety valve 401 can monitor the pressure in the second buffer chamber 503 in real time. Once the pressure in the second buffer chamber 503 exceeds the safety threshold, the safety valve 401 will open quickly to release excess gas, avoiding failures such as airbag rupture caused by excessive pressure, providing reliable safety protection for the air spring, and greatly enhancing its stability under high load or sudden impact conditions. A pressurizing component 5 is installed on the airbag component 3, and a partition 301 is provided inside the airbag component 3, and the airbag component 3 is divided into a first buffer chamber 307 and a second buffer chamber 503 by the partition 301, and the air pressure in the second buffer chamber 503 is higher than the air pressure in the first buffer chamber 307. This dual-chamber structure design separated by the partition 301 and with an air pressure difference realizes a graded buffering function. According to different impact forces, the first buffer chamber 307 and the second buffer chamber 503 can play a buffering role in turn, which greatly improves the adaptability of the air spring to complex vibration environments and ensures the stability of the load. The pressurizing component 5 includes an arc plate 501, a first one-way Valve 504 and the second one-way valve 505, the second buffer chamber 503 is separated from the boost chamber 502 by the arc plate 501, the first one-way valve 504 and the second one-way valve 505 are respectively embedded in the outer walls of the arc plate 501 and the boost chamber 502. When the airbag assembly 3 is deformed, the external air is sucked into the boost chamber 502 in one direction through the second one-way valve 505, and when the airbag assembly 3 is restored, the air in the boost chamber 502 is unidirectionally filled into the second buffer chamber 503 through the first one-way valve 504. The pressurizing assembly 5 composed of the arc plate 501, the first one-way valve 504 and the second one-way valve 505 has an automatic air replenishment design that realizes adaptive adjustment of the air spring stiffness. Without an additional external air source or a complex control system, the internal air pressure can be automatically adjusted according to the deformation state of the airbag assembly 3 during dynamic operation, thereby increasing the spring stiffness, always maintaining good shock absorption and support performance, reducing maintenance costs while improving utilization efficiency.

[0023] Example 2: In order to further improve the connection convenience, sealing and functional expansion of the air spring, for example, Figures 1 to 2As shown, the present invention also includes: two interfaces are provided on both the upper cover 1 and the lower cover assembly 4, and the dual-interface design provides more possibilities for the air circuit connection and function expansion of the air spring, which is convenient for subsequent access to different air circuit control equipment or monitoring devices according to actual needs, thereby enhancing the versatility and adaptability of the product. The two interfaces of the upper cover 1 are respectively installed with a pressure reducing assembly 2 and an upper sealing member 101. The upper sealing member 101 can effectively prevent dust and impurities from entering the interior of the air spring when the corresponding interface is not needed, thereby ensuring the internal gas cleanliness and avoiding gas leakage, and maintaining the stability of the spring performance; in conjunction with the pressure reducing assembly 2, the on-off and pressure regulation of the air circuit at the upper cover 1 can be flexibly controlled, thereby improving the convenience and accuracy of operation; a safety valve 401 is installed in an interface of the lower cover assembly 4 through a conduit 402, and the safety valve 401 is connected to the interface of the lower cover assembly 4 by means of the conduit 402, which can timely protect the pressure in the second buffer chamber 503, and quickly open the pressure relief when the pressure is abnormal, thereby protecting the safety To prevent the air spring from operating safely, a lower sealing member 404 is installed in another interface of the lower cover assembly 4. The lower sealing member 404 has a similar function to the upper sealing member 101, further ensuring the sealing performance of the interface at the lower cover assembly 4, and at the same time reserving an interface for possible air path expansion; it works in conjunction with the safety valve 401 to provide double protection for the pressure safety of the air spring from different air path directions. An upper connecting member 102 is installed on the upper cover 1, and the upper connecting member 102 provides a stable connection between the upper cover 1 and the external equipment, ensuring that the connection process is firm and reliable and can adapt to different installation environments and working conditions. A lower connecting member 403 is installed on the lower cover assembly 4, and the lower connecting member 403 also provides a stable support for the connection between the lower cover assembly 4 and the external equipment, and cooperates with the upper connecting member 102 to make the connection between the airbag assembly 3 and the external equipment more stable, thereby enhancing the reliability of the overall structure. The airbag assembly 3 is connected and fixed to the external equipment through the upper connecting member 102 of the upper cover 1 and the lower connecting member 403 of the lower cover assembly 4.

[0024] Example 3: In order to achieve accurate and efficient pressure regulation and stable and reliable operation effect, for example, Figure 2As shown, the present invention also includes: the pressure reducing assembly 2 includes a valve body 206, which is the core component of the pressure reducing assembly 2 and provides a stable installation foundation for various internal functional structures. Its solid material and reasonable structural design can withstand the impact of internal high-pressure gas and ensure the safety and stability of the pressure reducing operation. A connecting pipe 201 is installed on the valve body 206, and the connecting pipe 201 is used to connect the valve body 206 with the interface of the upper cover 1. This design ensures the sealing and smoothness of the gas path connection, so that the gas in the first buffer chamber 307 of the air spring can smoothly enter the pressure reducing assembly 2 for pressure regulation, effectively avoiding gas leakage and ensuring the accuracy of pressure regulation. The valve body 206 is connected with the interface of the upper cover 1 through the connecting pipe 201, and a fixing plate 203 is installed on the valve body 206. The fixing plate 203 can firmly fix the valve body 206 in a specified position to prevent the valve body 2 from being damaged due to factors such as vibration during the pressure regulation process. 06 is shifted to ensure that the pressure reducing assembly 2 is always in a stable working state, thereby improving the reliability of the entire air spring system. The valve body 206 is fixed by a fixing plate 203. An exhaust pipe 204 is installed on the side of the valve body 206 away from the connecting pipe 201. The exhaust pipe 204 is specifically used to discharge excess gas after pressure reduction to avoid gas accumulation in the pressure reducing assembly 2, ensuring the timeliness and effectiveness of pressure regulation. A power assembly 202 and a pressure gauge 205 are installed on the valve body 206. The power assembly 202 can provide power support for the pressure reducing operation, and can flexibly control the pressure reducing speed and degree according to the actual pressure conditions to achieve accurate pressure regulation; and the pressure gauge 205 displays the pressure value in the first buffer chamber 307 in real time. The operator can intuitively understand the pressure status so as to adjust the working parameters of the power assembly 202 in time. The two cooperate with each other to greatly improve the automation level of the pressure reducing assembly 2 and the accuracy of pressure regulation.

[0025] Example 4: In order to improve the sealing reliability and air path control flexibility of the air spring, for example, Figures 3 to 4 and Figures 6 to 7As shown, the present invention also includes: a plug-in tube 306 is provided on one side surface of the upper cover 1 and the lower cover assembly 4 located in the airbag assembly 3. The setting of the plug-in tube 306 provides a stable channel for the air path connection between the airbag assembly 3 and the upper cover 1 and the lower cover assembly 4. Its structural design ensures the smoothness of gas transmission and enhances the structural strength of the connection between the upper cover 1, the lower cover assembly 4 and the airbag assembly 3. A sealing plate 303 is installed in the plug-in tube 306 through the first spring 304. The cooperation between the first spring 304 and the sealing plate 303 forms a basic sealing guarantee. When there is no external force, the elastic force of the first spring 304 causes the sealing plate 303 to tightly seal the through hole, effectively preventing gas leakage and maintaining the internal pressure of the air spring stable. An air hole 305 is provided at the connection between the plug-in tube 306 and the upper cover 1 and the lower cover assembly 4. The reasonable layout and size design of the air hole 305 ensure that the gas can smoothly enter and exit the plug-in tube 306, which provides convenience for the expansion and optimization of the air path system of the air spring. A through hole is provided at the end of the plug-in tube 306 away from the upper cover 1 and the lower cover assembly 4. The sealing plate 303 blocks the through hole through the elastic force of the first spring 304. This structure of the through hole and the sealing plate 303 realizes effective control of gas circulation. While ensuring the sealing of the air spring, it can also quickly open the air path when needed to meet the pressure regulation requirements of the air spring under different working conditions and improve the working adaptability of the air spring.

[0026] Example 5: In order to achieve more intelligent, efficient and stable stiffness adjustment of the air spring under different working conditions, for example, Figures 3 to 4 and Figures 6 to 7As shown, the present invention also includes: a limiting tube 302 is provided on the partition 301. The core function of the limiting tube 302 is to provide a precise motion trajectory limit for the plug-in tube 306, effectively preventing the plug-in tube 306 from deflecting, shaking or misaligning during the deformation of the airbag assembly 3. This precise guiding constraint ensures the accuracy and repeatability of the contact and separation actions between the plug-in tube 306 and the push rod 309, greatly improving the reliability of the air path control inside the air spring, and avoiding seal failure or abnormal air pressure regulation due to movement deviation of the plug-in tube 306. The push rod 309 is installed in the limiting tube 302 through a fixing frame 308. The fixing frame 308 firmly sets the push rod 309 in the limiting tube 302, and cooperates with the guiding effect of the limiting tube 302 on the plug-in tube 306 to form a stable "tube-frame-rod" trinity structural system. It not only ensures the stability of the operation of the push rod 309 itself, but also cooperates precisely with the plug-in tube 306 to ensure that during the compression or recovery process of the airbag assembly 3, the push rod 309 can accurately push open or release the sealing plate 303, thereby realizing the precise execution of air pressure regulation. When the airbag assembly 3 is compressed and the plug-in tube 306 contacts the push rod 309, the push rod 309 pushes open the sealing plate 303 in the plug-in tube 306. Based on the precise restriction of the movement track of the plug-in tube 306 by the limiting tube 302, the contact action of the push rod 309 and the plug-in tube 306 is highly controllable and stable. This design avoids incomplete opening or abnormal wear of the sealing plate 303 due to contact deviation, ensuring that the air in the second buffer chamber 503 can be smoothly and efficiently replenished into the first buffer chamber 307, achieving air pressure balance. This allows the air in the second buffer chamber 503 to be replenished into the first buffer chamber 307, thus balancing the air pressure in the first and second buffer chambers 307 and 503. The precise motion control ensured by the position limiting tube 302 makes the air pressure balance process between the two buffer chambers more stable and rapid. This in turn increases the air pressure in the first buffer chamber 307, increasing the support stiffness of the first buffer chamber 307. The precise constraint of the position limiting tube 302 on the movement of the insertion tube 306 can quickly and stably enhance the support stiffness of the first buffer chamber 307 when the airbag assembly 3 is compressed. This precise hardness adjustment mechanism enables the air spring to provide corresponding support force in a timely manner according to actual load changes, significantly improving the load-bearing capacity and stability of the air spring under heavy-load conditions. After the plug-in tube 306 is separated from the push rod 309 in the limiting tube 302, when the airbag assembly 3 is deformed, air is inflated into the second buffer chamber 503 through the boost chamber 502. Thanks to the effective restriction of the limiting tube 302 on the movement of the plug-in tube 306, the state of the plug-in tube 306 after separation from the push rod 309 is more stable, creating good conditions for the inflation process of the boost chamber 502 into the second buffer chamber 503.This ensures that the inflation process is not disrupted by abnormal movement of the plug tube 306, ensuring timely and stable replenishment of the air pressure in the second buffer chamber 503. This in turn increases the air pressure within the second buffer chamber 503, thereby continuously increasing the support stiffness of the second buffer chamber 503. The presence of the stop tube 302 ensures that the air spring maintains accurate and reliable pressure regulation in the second buffer chamber 503 throughout its entire operating cycle. Regardless of the deformation state of the airbag assembly 3, the second buffer chamber 503 maintains a stable inflation process, continuously increasing its support stiffness, meeting the diverse demands for air spring cushioning and support performance under different operating conditions.

[0027] Example 6: In order to achieve efficient one-way flow and precise pressure control of the gas inside the air spring and ensure the stable operation of the air spring under various working conditions, for example, Figures 3 to 5As shown, the present invention further includes: The first one-way valve 504 and the second one-way valve 505 include a housing 508. The housing 508 serves as the main structure of the one-way valve, providing a solid installation foundation for the internal components. Its high-strength material can withstand the impact of internal gas pressure, effectively protecting the internal components, ensuring the structural integrity of the one-way valve in a complex working environment, and extending the service life. Inside the housing 508, a cage 507 is installed through a reed 506. The combined design of the reed 506 and the cage 507 realizes the stable installation of the cage 507, improving the stability and reliability of the one-way valve during operation. Inside the housing 508, a connecting rod 511 is installed in a limited manner through the cage 507. The limited installation of the connecting rod 511 by the cage 507 precisely defines the movement trajectory of the connecting rod 511, ensuring that when the gas pressure changes, the connecting rod 511 can move smoothly along the preset direction, avoiding gas leakage or valve failure caused by shaking or deviation, and guaranteeing the accuracy of gas control of the one-way valve. One end of the connecting rod 511 is provided with a baffle 510, and a second spring 509 is sleeved on the connecting rod 511 between the cage 507 and the baffle 510. The cooperation between the second spring 509 and the baffle 510 constructs an efficient one-way sealing mechanism. When there is no gas pressure acting, the second spring 509 drives the baffle 510 to tightly seal the air inlet of the housing 508 by its own elastic force, preventing gas backflow and realizing the one-way flow of gas. This automatic control method not only ensures the sealing effect but also can flexibly adapt to different gas pressure environments. The baffle 510 is driven by the elastic force of the second spring 509 to close the air inlet of the housing 508. A slot 512 is opened near the cage 507 inside the housing 508, and the reed 506 is installed in a limited manner inside the housing 508 through the slot 512. The limited installation of the reed 506 by the slot 512 further enhances the stability of the installation of the reed 506, preventing the reed 506 from shifting or falling off during operation. This design ensures that the reed 506 can continuously and stably exert its elastic support function, maintaining the stability of the internal structure of the one-way valve and ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the one-way valve. The cage 507 is installed in a limited manner inside the housing 508 through the reed 506 and the second spring 509. This multiple-limited installation method forms a stable and elastic internal structure system. The reed 506 and the second spring 509 work together to not only ensure the stable installation of the cage 507 and the internal components but also provide the necessary elastic buffer and reset functions when the gas pressure changes, enabling the first one-way valve 504 and the second one-way valve 505 to always maintain good sealing performance and reliable working conditions during frequent opening and closing processes.

[0028] Working principle: The air spring is in a normal working preparation state. There is a pressure difference between the first buffer chamber 307 and the second buffer chamber 503, and the air pressure in the second buffer chamber 503 is higher than that in the first buffer chamber 307. Under the elastic force of the first spring 304, the sealing plate 303 in the insertion pipe 306 blocks the through hole at one end of the insertion pipe 306 away from the upper cover 1 and the lower cover assembly 4, preventing gas leakage. The baffle 510 in the first one-way valve 504 and the second one-way valve 505 closes the air inlet of the outer shell 508 under the driving force of the elastic force of the second spring 509, ensuring the normal function of the one-way gas flow.

[0029] When the airbag assembly 3 is overly compressed, the insertion pipe 306 contacts the ejector rod 309 in the limit pipe 302. Under the limitation and support of the fixed frame 308, the ejector rod 309 pushes open the sealing plate 303 in the insertion pipe 306. At this time, the air in the second buffer chamber 503 is supplemented into the first buffer chamber 307 through the air holes 305 and the through hole on the insertion pipe 306, making the air pressures in the first buffer chamber 307 and the second buffer chamber 503 gradually balanced. The air pressure in the first buffer chamber 307 increases, thereby increasing the support hardness of the first buffer chamber 307 to adapt to a greater load.

[0030] During the deformation process of the airbag assembly 3, whether it is compressed or restored, as long as the airbag deforms, the second one-way valve 505 will play a role. Under the pressure difference generated by the deformation of the airbag, external air is unidirectionally inhaled into the booster chamber 502 through the second one-way valve 505 (at this time, the second spring 509 is compressed, the baffle 510 opens, and the gas flows in; when there is no pressure difference, the second spring 509 resets, and the baffle 510 closes the air inlet to prevent gas backflow). When the airbag assembly 3 is restored, the air in the booster chamber 502 is unidirectionally filled into the second buffer chamber 503 through the first one-way valve 504 (similarly, the first one-way valve 504 opens under appropriate pressure to ensure unidirectional gas flow), increasing the air pressure in the second buffer chamber 503, thereby enhancing the support hardness of the second buffer chamber 503 and achieving self-adaptive adjustment of the stiffness of the air spring.

[0031] If the pressure in the first buffer chamber 307 changes under complex working conditions, the operator can perform manual precise adjustment through the pressure reduction component 2. The power component 202 of the pressure reduction component 2 provides power, and the connecting pipe 201 introduces the gas in the first buffer chamber 307 into the valve body 206, and discharges the excess gas through the exhaust pipe 204. At the same time, the pressure gauge 205 displays the pressure value in real time, so that the operator can flexibly control the pressure reduction speed and degree according to the actual situation and restore the pressure in the first buffer chamber 307 to the initial pressure value.

[0032] The safety valve 401 monitors the pressure in the second buffer chamber 503 in real time. Once the pressure in the second buffer chamber 503 exceeds the safety threshold, the safety valve 401 quickly opens and releases the excess gas through the conduit 402, avoiding failures such as the rupture of the airbag caused by excessive pressure and ensuring the safe operation of the air spring.

[0033] The foregoing shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, in any regard, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to embrace all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

[0034] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments understandable to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment is characterized by: The invention comprises an airbag assembly (3); two ends of the airbag assembly (3) are respectively connected to an upper cover (1) and a lower cover assembly (4); a decompression assembly (2) is provided on the upper cover (1), and a pressurizing assembly (5) is provided on the airbag assembly (3); the airbag assembly (3) deforms when subjected to pressure; the pressurizing assembly (5) draws external air into the interior of the pressurizing assembly when the airbag assembly (3) deforms; and when the airbag assembly (3) is reset, the pressurizing assembly (5) inputs gas into the interior of the airbag assembly (3).

2. The air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airbag assembly (3) is provided with a partition (301) for dividing the airbag assembly (3) into a first buffer chamber (307) and a second buffer chamber (503). The pressurizing assembly (5) comprises an arc plate (501), a first one-way valve (504) and a second one-way valve (505). A pressurizing chamber (502) is separated by the arc plate (501) in the second one-way valve (505). The first one-way valve (504) and the second one-way valve (505) are respectively embedded in the outer walls of the arc plate (501) and the pressurizing chamber (502). When the airbag assembly (3) is deformed, external air is unidirectionally sucked into the pressurizing chamber (502) through the second one-way valve (505). When the airbag assembly (3) is restored, the air in the pressurizing chamber (502) is unidirectionally filled into the second buffer chamber (503) through the first one-way valve (504).

3. The air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: two interfaces are provided on both the upper cover (1) and the lower cover assembly (4), a pressure reducing assembly (2) and an upper sealing member (101) are respectively installed in the two interfaces of the upper cover (1), a safety valve (401) is installed in one interface of the lower cover assembly (4) through a conduit (402), and a lower sealing member (404) is installed in the other interface of the lower cover assembly (4).

4. The air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper connecting member (102) is installed on the upper cover (1), and a lower connecting member (403) is installed on the lower cover assembly (4). The airbag assembly (3) is connected and fixed to an external device via the upper connecting member (102) of the upper cover (1) and the lower connecting member (403) of the lower cover assembly (4).

5. The air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure reducing assembly (2) comprises a valve body (206), on which a connecting pipe (201), a fixing plate (203), an exhaust pipe (204), a power assembly (202) and a pressure gauge (205) are mounted. The connecting pipe (201) is in communication with an interface of the upper cover (1), and the valve body (206) is fixed by the fixing plate (203).

6. The air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plug-in tube (306) is provided on one side surface of the upper cover (1) and the lower cover assembly (4) located inside the airbag assembly (3), a sealing plate (303) is installed in the plug-in tube (306) via a first spring (304), an air hole (305) is provided at the connection between the plug-in tube (306) and the upper cover (1) and the lower cover assembly (4), and a through hole is provided at one end of the plug-in tube (306) facing away from the upper cover (1) and the lower cover assembly (4), and the sealing plate (303) blocks the through hole by the elastic force of the first spring (304).

7. The air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting tube (302) is provided on the partition (301), and a push rod (309) is installed in the limiting tube (302) via a fixing frame (308). The push rod (309) is used to push open the sealing plate (303) in the plug-in tube (306) when the airbag assembly (3) is compressed.

8. The air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the plug-in tube (306) is separated from the push rod (309) in the limiting tube (302), the pressurizing chamber (502) is inflated into the second buffer chamber (503).

9. The air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first one-way valve (504) and the second one-way valve (505) comprise a housing (508), a retaining frame (507) being installed in the housing (508) via a reed (506), a connecting rod (511) being installed in the housing (508) via the retaining frame (507) to limit the position, a baffle (510) being provided at one end of the connecting rod (511), and a second spring (509) being sleeved on the connecting rod (511) and located between the retaining frame (507) and the baffle (510).

10. The air spring with adaptive stiffness adjustment according to claim 8, characterized in that: A slot (512) is provided in the housing (508) near the retaining frame (507), and a spring (506) is installed in the housing (508) in a position-limiting manner via the slot (512). The retaining frame (507) is installed in the housing (508) in a position-limiting manner via the spring (506) and the second spring (509).

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