Simulation analysis method, device and system for debris flow surges and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a debris flow surge simulation analysis method, device and system and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out a landslide surge simulation experiment based on a transparent debris flow model, and collecting an image in the experiment process, the transparent debris flow model is determined based on rheological parameters of slurry in real debris flow and physical parameters of solid aggregate in the real debris flow; performing feature extraction on the image to obtain features before debris flow impact into water and surge features; and based on the characteristics of the debris flow before impact into water and the surge characteristics, analyzing the debris flow surge phenomenon. According to the method, the device, the system and the electronic equipment provided by the invention, a global visualization effect can be provided for a simulation experiment that the debris flow impacts into water to generate surge, so that the movement process of solid particles in the debris flow can be observed and measured in a perspective manner, and the debris flow surge phenomenon can be better researched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of debris flow dynamics, and in particular to a simulation analysis method, device, system and electronic equipment for debris flow surge. Background Art

[0002] Debris flows are complex multiphase materials composed of mud, rocks, small amounts of gas, and various debris, exhibiting distinct rheological properties. The movement of a debris flow involves a complex mixing of mud and solid particles, exerting a certain erosive effect on the surface. The movement of solid particles and their interaction with the mud determine the flow properties of the debris flow and play a significant role in the surge generated by impacting reservoir water.

[0003] However, field surveys can only observe the features left after a debris flow has stopped, making it difficult to study phenomena during its movement. Furthermore, previous model experiments have not been able to directly observe the motion of solid particles within the flow, making it impossible to understand the motion patterns of the solid particles within the flow. Furthermore, the surge generated by the debris flow impacting the reservoir water is brief and intense, making it a significant challenge to visualize and analyze the motion of solid particles within the flow. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a debris flow surge simulation analysis method, device, system and electronic equipment to solve the problems in the prior art of difficulty in studying and analyzing the process of debris flow impacting reservoir water to generate surges and difficulty in observing the movement state of internal solid particles during this process.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for simulating and analyzing debris flow surges, comprising:

[0006] Conducting a landslide surge simulation experiment based on a transparent debris flow model and collecting images during the experiment, wherein the transparent debris flow model is determined based on rheological parameters of slurry in a real debris flow and physical parameters of solid aggregate in the real debris flow;

[0007] Extracting features from the image to obtain features before the debris flow hits the water and features of the surge;

[0008] Based on the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water and the surge characteristics, the debris flow surge phenomenon is analyzed.

[0009] According to a debris flow surge simulation analysis method provided by the present invention, the debris flow surge phenomenon is analyzed based on the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water and the surge characteristics, including:

[0010] Based on the transparent debris flow model, obtaining initial characteristics of the debris flow;

[0011] Determining a first relationship model between the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the characteristics of the debris flow before it impacts the water based on the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the characteristics of the debris flow before it impacts the water;

[0012] determining a second relationship model between the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water and the characteristics of the surge wave based on the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water and the characteristics of the surge wave;

[0013] Based on the first relationship model and the second relationship model, the debris flow surge phenomenon is analyzed to determine the relationship between the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the surge characteristics.

[0014] A debris flow surge simulation analysis method provided by the present invention further includes:

[0015] Based on the image, the movement of solid particles inside the debris flow is analyzed to obtain the movement characteristics of the solid particles.

[0016] According to a debris flow surge simulation analysis method provided by the present invention, the motion of solid particles inside the debris flow is analyzed based on the image to obtain the motion characteristics of the solid particles, including:

[0017] Based on the image, obtaining distribution characteristics and position information of solid particles inside the debris flow at different times, as well as the motion state of the solid particles inside the debris flow;

[0018] determining the movement trajectory of the solid particles based on the distribution characteristics and position information of the solid particles at different times;

[0019] Based on the motion state and motion trajectory of the solid particles, the motion characteristics of the solid particles are obtained.

[0020] According to a method for simulating and analyzing debris flow surges provided by the present invention, the transparent debris flow model is obtained based on a mixture of transparent slurry and solid particles, the rheological parameters of the transparent slurry are determined based on the rheological parameters of the slurry in the real debris flow, and the physical parameters of the solid particles are determined based on the physical parameters of the solid aggregate in the real debris flow.

[0021] According to a method for simulating and analyzing debris flow surges provided by the present invention, the transparent slurry comprises a cross-linked polyacrylic acid slurry and a sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentages of the components in the cross-linked polyacrylic acid slurry are: 99.65-99.95% deionized water and 0.05-0.35% cross-linked polyacrylic acid resin powder;

[0022] The solid particles include at least one of spherical glass microbeads, resin blocks and metal blocks.

[0023] The present invention also provides a debris flow surge simulation and analysis device, comprising:

[0024] an acquisition unit, configured to conduct a landslide surge simulation experiment based on a transparent debris flow model and to acquire images during the experiment, wherein the transparent debris flow model is determined based on rheological parameters of a slurry in a real debris flow and physical parameters of solid aggregates in the real debris flow;

[0025] An extraction unit, configured to extract features from the image to obtain features of the debris flow before it hits the water and features of the surge;

[0026] The analysis unit is used to analyze the debris flow surge phenomenon based on the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water and the surge characteristics.

[0027] The present invention also provides a debris flow surge simulation and analysis system, comprising a transparent water tank, a baffle, a ramp plate, a camera, and a processor, wherein the transparent water tank is placed horizontally, the ramp plate is obliquely arranged at one end of the transparent water tank, the baffle plate is vertically arranged above the ramp plate, the baffle plate, the ramp plate, and the transparent water tank together form a closed area for accommodating a transparent debris flow model, the camera is provided on one side of the transparent water tank, and the camera is connected to the processor;

[0028] The transparent water tank is used to conduct a landslide surge simulation experiment based on the transparent debris flow model;

[0029] The camera is used to collect images during the experiment and transmit the images to the processor;

[0030] The processor is used to extract features from the image to obtain features before the debris flow hits the water and surge features, and analyze the debris flow surge phenomenon based on the features before the debris flow hits the water and the surge features.

[0031] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the simulation analysis method for debris flow surge as described in any one of the above is implemented.

[0032] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for simulating and analyzing debris flow surges as described in any one of the above is implemented.

[0033] The simulation and analysis method, device, system and electronic equipment of debris flow surge provided by the present invention can provide a global visualization perspective effect for the simulation experiment of debris flow impacting reservoir water to generate surge by conducting a landslide surge simulation experiment based on a transparent debris flow model, and can observe and measure the movement process of solid particles inside the debris flow in a perspective manner; by collecting images during the experiment and extracting features from the images, the characteristics of the debris flow before impacting the water and the surge characteristics can be obtained, and thus the debris flow surge phenomenon can be analyzed based on these characteristics, and the migration law of solid particles inside the debris flow during the debris flow movement and during the surge generation and propagation process can be obtained; by visualizing and tracking the dynamic evolution process of the surge contour, the understanding of the debris flow movement characteristics and the mechanism of surge generated by the interaction between the debris flow and the reservoir water can be accelerated, which is conducive to better research on the debris flow surge phenomenon, thereby providing a reliable basis for debris flow risk prediction and analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the simulation analysis method of debris flow surge provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the effect of the cross-linked polyacrylic acid concentration on the rheological properties of the transparent slurry provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a debris flow surge simulation and analysis device provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the debris flow surge simulation and analysis system provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] During debris flow motion, the movement of solid particles within the debris flow and their interaction with the mud largely determine the flow's flow properties and play a crucial role in the surge waves generated by impacting reservoir water. However, the mechanisms underlying complex phenomena such as "wet-dry separation" and "particle size sorting" exhibited during debris flow motion remain unclear. The movement patterns of solid particles within the debris flow during its intense interaction with reservoir water are also unknown. The motion of solid particles during debris flow motion and during the surge waves generated by debris flow impacting reservoir water are cutting-edge research topics in debris flow dynamics and landslide surge.

[0042] Field surveys can only observe the characteristics left after a debris flow has ceased, making it difficult to study the phenomena that occur during its movement. Previous model experiments have also failed to directly observe the motion of solid particles within a debris flow, making it impossible to understand the patterns of movement within the flow. Furthermore, the surge generated by a debris flow impacting the reservoir water is a brief and intense process, making visualization and analysis of the movement of solid particles within the flow a significant challenge.

[0043] In this regard, an embodiment of the present invention provides a simulation and analysis method for debris flow surges. By using a transparent medium with visualization characteristics to replace the slurry in the debris flow, a transparent debris flow model is formed, and a landslide surge simulation experiment is performed based on the transparent debris flow model. In this way, in the process of simulating the surge generated by the debris flow impacting the reservoir water, the motion morphological parameters of the solid particles inside the debris flow can be conveniently and quickly obtained, thereby providing the possibility for physical model experiments and verification.

[0044] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the simulation analysis method for debris flow surge provided by the present invention, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0045] Step 110: conducting a landslide surge simulation experiment based on a transparent debris flow model and collecting images during the experiment, wherein the transparent debris flow model is determined based on rheological parameters of a slurry in a real debris flow and physical parameters of a solid aggregate in the real debris flow;

[0046] It should be noted that the transparent debris flow model refers to a model that uses a transparent medium to replace the mud in a real debris flow so that the motion state of solid particles can be directly observed and recorded. This model can be used to conduct experiments by simulating the rheological parameters and physical parameters of solid aggregates in real debris flows. The landslide surge simulation experiment is an experimental method that simulates the process of a landslide (debris flow) impacting the water to observe and study surge phenomena. In this experiment, by using a transparent debris flow model to replace the real debris flow, it is possible to observe the process of the debris flow impacting the water and record relevant images and data for subsequent research and analysis.

[0047] Specifically, the transparent debris flow model is formed by mixing a transparent slurry as a matrix with solid particles. The transparent slurry is equivalent to the slurry of a real debris flow, and its rheological parameters are close to those of the slurry in a real debris flow; the solid particles are equivalent to the solid aggregate in a real debris flow, and the density, shape and other physical parameters of the solid particles are close to those of the solid aggregate in a real debris flow, so as to provide the transparent debris flow model with the real debris flow as similar as possible, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiment.

[0048] Here, the rheological parameters of the slurry in a real debris flow refer to the parameters that describe the flow properties of the mud, and are used to characterize the viscosity and rheological properties of the slurry in the debris flow. Rheological parameters may include viscosity, shear stress, rheological index, etc., which are used to describe the deformation and flow behavior of the mud under the action of force. The solid aggregate in a real debris flow refers to the solid particulate matter suspended in the debris flow or mixed into the mud. These solid aggregates can be soil, rock fragments, stones, etc., and their size and composition can vary according to the characteristics of the debris flow and the source area. The physical parameters of solid aggregates refer to the parameters that describe the characteristics of solid particles, and are used to describe the shape, size, density, material, etc. of the solid aggregates. For example, these parameters may include particle size, particle shape, particle density, particle material, etc., which are used to characterize the suspension and sedimentation properties of solid aggregates in the mud, as well as their impact on the flow and sedimentation process of the debris flow.

[0049] Before conducting a landslide surge simulation experiment, the rheological parameters of the slurry and the physical parameters of the solid aggregate in the real debris flow can be collected, and based on this, the rheological parameters of the transparent slurry and the physical parameters of the solid particles in the transparent slurry can be determined so that it can simulate the flow properties and solid particle characteristics of the real debris flow. Then, an experimental device can be designed, including a simulated slope or inclined surface of a mountain, a water tank or container for accommodating the transparent slurry and solid particles, and a simulated water entry area. The transparent slurry and solid particles are mixed and injected into the experimental device to form a transparent debris flow model. Subsequently, a simulation experiment can be carried out to simulate the process of the debris flow impacting the water. During the landslide surge simulation experiment, a high-speed camera can be used to take real-time photos or videos of the entire experimental process to obtain images taken at different times.

[0050] Step 120, extracting features from the image to obtain features before the debris flow hits the water and features of the surge;

[0051] Specifically, after acquiring a continuous sequence of images, image features can be extracted using computer vision and image processing methods. For example, color histograms, color gradients, and color channels can be used to extract the color features of debris flows and surges. Gray-level co-occurrence matrices and local binary patterns can be used to extract parameters that characterize the texture features of debris flows and surges. Edge detection algorithms and contour extraction can also be used to obtain the boundary shape features of debris flows and surges. Optical flow methods and motion trajectory analysis can also be used to capture the motion trajectory and velocity information of debris flows and surges.

[0052] By extracting features from multiple frames of images at different times, we can obtain quantitative characteristic information about the debris flow before it hits the water, such as its impact velocity, flow rate, and particle distribution. We can also obtain quantitative characteristic information related to the surge, such as the height, propagation velocity, and propagation period of the resulting surge. It should be understood that the characteristics of a debris flow before it hits the water refer to its characteristics before contacting the water, including its shape, velocity, and impact force; while the surge characteristics refer to the characteristics of the surge generated after the debris flow hits the water, including its height, period, waveform, and propagation direction.

[0053] Step 130 : analyzing the debris flow surge phenomenon based on the debris flow pre-entry water characteristics and the surge characteristics.

[0054] Specifically, debris flow surge refers to the surface wave effect produced when debris flows impact the water. When a debris flow meets a body of water, it causes disturbances and surges on the water surface, forming waves generated by the combined force of the debris flow's impact and the reaction force of the water.

[0055] After extracting the characteristics of debris flows before and after impact and surge, statistical analysis, data mining, and other methods can be used to identify the relationship between these characteristics. Subsequently, based on the collected data and analysis results, appropriate models can be developed to describe and predict debris flow surge phenomena. For example, machine learning and deep learning methods can be used to construct predictive models, which can then be validated and evaluated using existing or newly collected data. The accuracy and reliability of the models can be assessed by comparing their predictions with actual observations.

[0056] The method provided in the embodiment of the present invention can provide a global visualization perspective effect for the simulation experiment of debris flow impacting reservoir water to generate surge waves by conducting a landslide surge wave simulation experiment based on a transparent debris flow model, and can observe and measure the movement process of solid particles inside the debris flow in a perspective manner; by collecting images during the experiment and extracting features from the images, the characteristics of the debris flow before impacting the water and the surge wave characteristics can be obtained, and thus the debris flow surge wave phenomenon can be analyzed based on these characteristics, and the migration law of solid particles inside the debris flow during the debris flow movement process and during the surge wave generation and propagation process can be obtained; by visualizing and tracking the dynamic evolution process of the surge wave contour, the understanding of the debris flow movement characteristics and the mechanism of surge waves generated by the interaction between the debris flow and the reservoir water can be accelerated, which is conducive to better research on the debris flow surge wave phenomenon, thereby providing a reliable basis for debris flow risk prediction and analysis.

[0057] Based on the above embodiment, step 130 specifically includes:

[0058] Step 131, obtaining initial characteristics of the debris flow based on the transparent debris flow model;

[0059] Specifically, the initial characteristics of a debris flow refer to the initial conditions and parameters when the debris flow occurs. The initial characteristics of a debris flow can be obtained before the experiment begins through methods such as particle size analysis and velocity measurement. For example, before the experiment begins, the mass of the slurry and the mass of the solid particle components in the transparent debris flow model can be weighed and recorded; for debris flows containing particle components of a single shape, the particle size and shape characteristics of the solid particles used can be recorded; for debris flows containing particle components of multiple shapes, the percentage of each shape in the solid particle component can be recorded, and the percentage of each particle size scale in each shape in the particles of that shape can be recorded.

[0060] Step 132: determining a first relationship model between the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the characteristics of the debris flow before it impacts the water based on the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the characteristics of the debris flow before it impacts the water;

[0061] Specifically, after obtaining the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the characteristics before the debris flow impacts the water, correlation analysis, feature importance evaluation and other methods can be used to select characteristic variables related to the characteristics before the debris flow impacts the water from the initial characteristics of the debris flow; then, appropriate statistical models or machine learning algorithms, such as linear regression, logistic regression, support vector machine, decision tree, etc., can be selected to establish a first relationship model between the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the characteristics before the debris flow impacts the water.

[0062] Here, the first relationship model refers to a mathematical model used to describe the relationship between the initial characteristics of a debris flow and the characteristics before it impacts the water. This model can be developed through data analysis and modeling methods. It can be used to predict the characteristics of debris flows before they impact the water, helping to understand the mechanisms of debris flow formation and development. By analyzing the relationship between the initial characteristics of a debris flow and the characteristics before it impacts the water, we can gain a deeper understanding of debris flow surge phenomena and provide a scientific basis for debris flow disaster prevention and mitigation.

[0063] It is understood that after initially determining the first relationship model, the existing dataset can be used to evaluate and adjust the first relationship model to obtain a more accurate first relationship model. Using indicators such as model parameters or feature importance, we can understand the degree to which each initial feature affects the characteristics of the debris flow before it enters the water.

[0064] Step 133: determining a second relationship model between the characteristics of the debris flow before impacting the water and the surge characteristics based on the characteristics of the debris flow before impacting the water and the surge characteristics;

[0065] Specifically, after obtaining the debris flow's pre-water impact characteristics and surge characteristics, a statistical model or machine learning algorithm can also be used to establish a second relationship model between the debris flow's pre-water impact characteristics and surge characteristics. Here, the second relationship model refers to a mathematical model used to describe the relationship between the debris flow's pre-water impact characteristics and surge characteristics. For example, a linear regression model can be used to describe the linear relationship between the pre-water impact characteristics and surge characteristics; a decision tree model can be used to describe the nonlinear relationship between the characteristics; and machine learning models such as support vector machines can also be used to establish a complex relationship model between the pre-water impact characteristics and surge characteristics.

[0066] In this embodiment of the present invention, the second relationship model can be used to predict surge characteristics, helping to understand the surge phenomenon generated by debris flows before they impact the water. Analyzing the relationship between pre-impact characteristics and surge characteristics can provide a deeper understanding of debris flow surge phenomena and provide a scientific basis for surge prediction and disaster prevention and mitigation.

[0067] Step 134 : analyzing the debris flow surge phenomenon based on the first relationship model and the second relationship model to determine the relationship between the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the surge characteristics.

[0068] Specifically, according to the first relationship model, the initial characteristics of the debris flow can be used as input to predict the numerical value or category of the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water; according to the second relationship model, the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water can be used as input to predict the numerical value or category of the surge characteristics. By combining the first relationship model and the second relationship model, the relationship between the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the surge characteristics can be further determined. For example, a correlation diagram between the characteristics can be drawn using visualization technology, or the relationship between the characteristics can be quantified through statistical analysis methods (such as correlation analysis), thereby gradually establishing and determining the relationship between the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the surge characteristics.

[0069] Furthermore, to determine the relationship between the initial characteristics of a debris flow and the characteristics of a surge, the values in the initial characteristics can be adjusted and the landslide surge simulation experiment can be repeated based on the adjusted initial characteristics. To ensure data reliability, each set of experiments can be repeated as many times as needed. Furthermore, in addition to changing the initial characteristics of a debris flow, the slope angle and the depth values of the debris flow slurry and solid particle components can be changed and recorded in each experiment. The depth ratio can be used as the initial saturation parameter to facilitate subsequent analysis.

[0070] After the experiment is completed, statistical methods or deep learning methods can be used to analyze the experimental records and the experimental data obtained to explore the relationship between the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the surge characteristics. Specifically, the relationship between the characteristics before the debris flow hits the water and the initial characteristics of the debris flow can be obtained based on the parameters at the initial moment of the experiment, that is, the initial characteristics of the debris flow; the relationship between the characteristics before the debris flow hits the water and the surge characteristics can be determined based on the characteristic parameters related to the characteristics before the debris flow hits the water and the subsequent surge; finally, the above two steps can be combined to establish a mathematical model, which can then directly predict the relevant characteristics of the upcoming surge through the initial characteristics of the debris flow and related terrain parameters (such as slope angle). It should be understood that in the process of data statistical analysis, the relationship between the data can be deeply explored through artificial intelligence methods such as deep learning, and then the effectiveness of the established mathematical model can be verified from another perspective.

[0071] Based on any of the above embodiments, the method further includes:

[0072] Step 140 : Analyze the movement of solid particles inside the debris flow based on the image to obtain movement characteristics of the solid particles.

[0073] Specifically, the collected image sequence can be pre-processed by denoising, image enhancement, edge detection, etc., which helps to extract the outline and motion information of the solid particles. The target tracking algorithm in image processing technology can be used to track the solid particles. These algorithms can automatically identify and track the position and motion trajectory of the solid particles in the continuous image based on the characteristics of the solid particles (such as color, shape, etc.) and motion information. Based on the trajectory data of the tracked solid particles, motion analysis can be performed to obtain the motion characteristics of the solid particles such as velocity, acceleration, displacement, etc. In addition, the movement direction of the solid particles, the degree of trajectory curvature, aggregation and dispersion, etc. can be analyzed, and the distribution of solid particles when the surge begins to propagate to the far field can be analyzed, and then the contribution of each component of the debris flow to the surge amplitude can be studied and analyzed.

[0074] Based on any of the above embodiments, step 140 specifically includes:

[0075] Step 141: obtaining, based on the image, distribution characteristics and position information of solid particles inside the debris flow at different times, as well as the motion state of the solid particles inside the debris flow;

[0076] Specifically, the distribution characteristics of solid particles within a debris flow refer to the spatial distribution pattern and density distribution of solid particles within the debris flow at different times. This can include information such as the degree of particle aggregation, dispersion, and the boundary between the accumulation area and the flow area. The position information of solid particles within a debris flow refers to the coordinate position of solid particles at different times. By analyzing debris flow image sequences, the position coordinates of solid particles can be obtained, thereby understanding the spatial distribution and migration of particles within the debris flow. The motion state of solid particles within a debris flow refers to the properties of solid particles during their motion within the debris flow, such as rotation, posture, and collisions between solid particles.

[0077] Step 142: determining the movement trajectory of the solid particles based on the distribution characteristics and position information of the solid particles at different times;

[0078] Specifically, for solid particles in consecutive frames of a debris flow image sequence, the particle's trajectory can be determined by tracking the changes in particle position between frames. For example, target tracking algorithms such as correlation filter-based methods or optical flow estimation can be used to track particle positions. For missing frames or particle positions that cannot be directly observed, interpolation techniques can be used to estimate the particle's position at those moments. Trajectory analysis can be performed on the position information of solid particles over a period of time to determine the particle's trajectory.

[0079] Step 143 : obtaining the motion characteristics of the solid particles based on the motion state and motion trajectory of the solid particles.

[0080] It should be noted that the use of high-speed cameras allows for intuitive observation of the motion of solid particles within a transparent debris flow model. High-speed cameras can record the states of solid particles at different moments during the debris flow's motion and as the debris flow impacts the water, generating surges. The images recorded by the high-speed cameras reveal the distribution of solid particles at different moments, the position of the leading particles, their motion trajectories, their rotation, posture, and inter-particle collisions. This allows for the study and analysis of the motion patterns of the solid particle components within the debris flow.

[0081] Specifically, based on the motion trajectory of solid particles, the particle velocity at different moments can be calculated; by performing a second-order differential on the motion trajectory of solid particles, the particle acceleration at different moments can be calculated; by analyzing the motion state and motion trajectory of solid particles, the particle's motion direction can be determined; by analyzing the morphology of the solid particle's motion trajectory, the particle's motion pattern and path characteristics can be obtained; and based on the motion state and motion trajectory of multiple solid particles, the degree of aggregation and dispersion between particles can be analyzed. Thus, the motion characteristics of solid particles can be determined based on the obtained velocity, acceleration, motion direction, motion pattern, and degree of aggregation and dispersion.

[0082] Based on any of the above embodiments, the transparent debris flow model is obtained by mixing a transparent slurry and solid particles, the rheological parameters of the transparent slurry are determined based on the rheological parameters of the slurry in the real debris flow, and the physical parameters of the solid particles are determined based on the physical parameters of the solid aggregate in the real debris flow.

[0083] Specifically, the transparent debris flow model is formed by mixing a transparent slurry as a matrix with solid particles. The transparent slurry is equivalent to the slurry of a real debris flow, and the rheological parameters such as viscosity of the transparent slurry are close to the rheological parameters of the slurry in a real debris flow; the solid particles are equivalent to the solid aggregate in a real debris flow, and their physical parameters such as density, shape, and size are close to the physical parameters of the solid aggregate in a real debris flow, so as to maximize the similarity between the transparent debris flow model and the real debris flow, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiment.

[0084] Based on any of the above embodiments, the transparent slurry includes a cross-linked polyacrylic acid slurry and a sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentages of the components in the cross-linked polyacrylic acid slurry are: 99.65-99.95% deionized water and 0.05-0.35% cross-linked polyacrylic acid resin powder;

[0085] The solid particles include at least one of spherical glass microbeads, resin blocks and metal blocks.

[0086] Specifically, before conducting a landslide surge simulation experiment, a transparent slurry can be prepared in advance. The preparation method specifically includes: adding Ultrez 10 series cross-linked polyacrylic acid resin powder to deionized water, letting it stand for 24 hours, adding sodium hydroxide solution to adjust to neutrality after complete dissolution, stirring evenly and letting it stand for 6 hours to obtain a transparent cross-linked polyacrylic acid solution, and then vacuuming the transparent cross-linked polyacrylic acid solution to remove bubbles trapped inside to obtain a transparent slurry.

[0087] Here, sodium hydroxide solution is an alkaline neutralizing agent with a concentration of 0.10 mol / L. In the process of adding sodium hydroxide solution to the completely dissolved cross-linked polyacrylic acid solution for neutralization, after each addition, stirring is performed for a certain length of time to promote its full reaction. Then, pH test paper or pH meter is used to measure whether the neutralization operation has been completed. If it is not completely neutralized, the above addition-stirring-measurement steps are repeated until the cross-linked polyacrylic acid solution is adjusted to neutrality to obtain a transparent cross-linked polyacrylic acid solution.

[0088] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the effect of the cross-linked polyacrylic acid concentration on the rheological properties of the transparent slurry provided by the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the curves marked with numbers 1 to 5 are all rheological curves of the transparent slurry, wherein the mass concentration of cross-linked polyacrylic acid corresponding to number 1 is 0.05wt%, the mass concentration of cross-linked polyacrylic acid corresponding to number 2 is 0.15wt%, the mass concentration of cross-linked polyacrylic acid corresponding to number 3 is 0.20wt%, the mass concentration of cross-linked polyacrylic acid corresponding to number 4 is 0.30wt%, and the mass concentration of cross-linked polyacrylic acid corresponding to number 5 is 0.35wt%.

[0089] The solid particles in the transparent debris flow model include spherical glass beads and blocks of different shapes and materials. The particle size of the solid particles ranges from 2.5mm to 50mm. The blocks can be formed by 3D printing. The materials include resin materials and metal materials. The shapes include cylinders, cones, spheres and hemispheres. It should be understood that the types of debris flows in different regions are different, and the materials, sizes, gradations and main shapes of the solid aggregates inside them are also different. Specifically, based on the local test materials in the location where the debris flow type you want to study is located, you can obtain relevant information about the solid aggregates of that type of debris flow. Based on this information, you can use 3D printing technology to select appropriate materials to prepare solid particles of different shapes, making the transparent debris flow more similar to the actual debris flow.

[0090] Here, the density and shape of the solid particles are preferably close to the corresponding parameters of the solid materials in real debris flows, so as to better simulate the impact of real debris flows on reservoir water and improve the accuracy of the test. By 3D printing blocks of different shapes, which can be made of resin or metal materials, the preparation of solid particles is more convenient and faster, and the shape and size can be controlled manually. In addition, the density of resin blocks is lower than that of spherical glass beads, which increases the diversity of solid particles within the debris flow and can more closely resemble the actual particulate matter in the debris flow.

[0091] The preparation and experimental steps in the examples of the present invention are simple. During the preparation process, a transparent slurry is obtained by simply dissolving Ultrez 10 series cross-linked polyacrylic resin powder in deionized water and adding an alkaline neutralizer to adjust the pH to a neutral pH. Furthermore, the transparent slurry, mixed with transparent glass microbeads and resin blocks, serves as a transparent debris flow simulation medium. This medium exhibits excellent transparency, is simple to prepare, and is low-cost. It can provide a global visualization perspective for model experiments involving debris flow impacts and the generation of surge waves.

[0092] Based on any of the above embodiments, Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the debris flow surge simulation analysis device provided by the present invention, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the device includes:

[0093] An acquisition unit 310 is configured to conduct a landslide surge simulation experiment based on a transparent debris flow model and to acquire images during the experiment, wherein the transparent debris flow model is determined based on rheological parameters of a slurry in a real debris flow and physical parameters of solid aggregates in the real debris flow;

[0094] An extraction unit 320 is used to extract features from the image to obtain features of the debris flow before it hits the water and features of the surge;

[0095] The analysis unit 330 is configured to analyze the debris flow surge phenomenon based on the debris flow pre-entry water characteristics and the surge characteristics.

[0096] The device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can provide a global visualization perspective effect for the simulation experiment of debris flow impacting reservoir water to generate surge waves by conducting a landslide surge wave simulation experiment based on a transparent debris flow model, and can observe and measure the movement process of solid particles inside the debris flow in a perspective manner; by collecting images during the experiment and extracting features from the images, the characteristics of the debris flow before impacting the water and the surge wave characteristics can be obtained, and thus the debris flow surge wave phenomenon can be analyzed based on these characteristics, and the migration law of solid particles inside the debris flow during the debris flow movement process and during the surge wave generation and propagation process can be obtained; by visualizing and tracking the dynamic evolution process of the surge wave contour, the understanding of the debris flow movement characteristics and the mechanism of surge waves generated by the interaction between the debris flow and the reservoir water can be accelerated, which is conducive to better research on the debris flow surge wave phenomenon, thereby providing a reliable basis for debris flow risk prediction and analysis.

[0097] Based on any of the above embodiments, the analysis unit 330 is specifically configured to:

[0098] Based on the transparent debris flow model, obtaining initial characteristics of the debris flow;

[0099] Determining a first relationship model between the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the characteristics of the debris flow before it impacts the water based on the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the characteristics of the debris flow before it impacts the water;

[0100] determining a second relationship model between the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water and the characteristics of the surge wave based on the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water and the characteristics of the surge wave;

[0101] Based on the first relationship model and the second relationship model, the debris flow surge phenomenon is analyzed to determine the relationship between the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the surge characteristics.

[0102] Based on any of the above embodiments, the device further includes a motion feature analysis unit, which is configured to:

[0103] Based on the image, the movement of solid particles inside the debris flow is analyzed to obtain the movement characteristics of the solid particles.

[0104] Based on any of the above embodiments, the motion feature analysis unit is specifically configured to:

[0105] Based on the image, obtaining distribution characteristics and position information of solid particles inside the debris flow at different times, as well as the motion state of the solid particles inside the debris flow;

[0106] determining the movement trajectory of the solid particles based on the distribution characteristics and position information of the solid particles at different times;

[0107] Based on the motion state and motion trajectory of the solid particles, the motion characteristics of the solid particles are obtained.

[0108] Based on any of the above embodiments, the transparent debris flow model is obtained by mixing a transparent slurry and solid particles, the rheological parameters of the transparent slurry are determined based on the rheological parameters of the slurry in the real debris flow, and the physical parameters of the solid particles are determined based on the physical parameters of the solid aggregate in the real debris flow.

[0109] Based on any of the above embodiments, the transparent slurry includes a cross-linked polyacrylic acid slurry and a sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentages of the components in the cross-linked polyacrylic acid slurry are: 99.65-99.95% deionized water and 0.05-0.35% cross-linked polyacrylic acid resin powder;

[0110] The solid particles include at least one of spherical glass microbeads, resin blocks and metal blocks.

[0111] Based on any of the above embodiments, Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the debris flow surge simulation analysis system provided by the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the system includes a transparent water tank 410, a baffle 420, a ramp plate 430, a camera 440 and a processor 450. The transparent water tank 410 is placed horizontally, the ramp plate 430 is tilted at one end of the transparent water tank 410, and the baffle 420 is vertically arranged above the ramp plate 430. The baffle 420, the ramp plate 430 and the transparent water tank 410 together form a closed area for accommodating a transparent debris flow model 460. The camera 440 is provided on one side of the transparent water tank 410, and the camera 440 is connected to the processor 450.

[0112] The transparent water tank 410 is used to perform a landslide surge simulation experiment based on the transparent debris flow model 460;

[0113] The camera 440 is used to capture images during the experiment and transmit the images to the processor 450;

[0114] The processor 450 is configured to extract features from the image to obtain features before the debris flow hits the water and features of the surge, and analyze the debris flow surge phenomenon based on the features before the debris flow hits the water and the features of the surge.

[0115] It should be noted that the simulation analysis system provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes a transparent water tank, a baffle, a ramp, a camera, and a processor. The transparent water tank can be a transparent glass water tank, the baffle can be a plexiglass baffle, and the camera can be a high-speed camera. To simulate the movement and development of a transparent debris flow impacting the water, the transparent glass water tank can be filled with tap water to a certain depth. A ramp is placed and fixed at an angle at the leftmost end of the transparent glass water tank. The plexiglass baffle is used to enclose a closed area without an upper cover at a certain position on the top of the ramp. This closed area is used to accommodate the transparent slurry and solid particles and is sealed and leak-proof.

[0116] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the ramp plate can be adjusted as needed, and both the ramp plate and the baffle can be freely assembled and disassembled in the transparent glass water tank. Preferably, the tap water in the transparent glass water tank can be dyed with a water-soluble industrial transparent fluorescent pigment to highlight the dynamic evolution of the surge contour.

[0117] Specifically, after preparing the transparent slurry and solid particles, the transparent slurry and solid particles can be mixed in a transparent water tank to form an initially stationary accumulation of a certain shape under the lateral constraint of the organic glass baffle. At the beginning of the experiment, the accumulation of the transparent slurry and solid particles on the left side of the organic glass baffle can be divided into two situations: when the particle size of the solid particle component is small, the transparent slurry is placed first, and the specific placement volume can be found through trial and error. Then, the solid particles are placed and allowed to settle freely. When the particle size of the solid particle component is large, the three-dimensional pores formed between the solid particles are sufficient to allow the transparent debris flow slurry to flow therein. For convenience, the solid particle component can be placed first, and then the transparent slurry can be poured in. After standing for a period of time, the transparent slurry has fully filled the pores between the solid particle components, and the subsequent experimental process can be started.

[0118] For example, the prepared transparent slurry can be placed on Figure 4 On the left side of the baffle shown, a stationary debris flow slurry column is formed, and transparent glass beads and resin blocks are poured into this position. After the free sedimentation is completed, the baffle is quickly removed upwards. At the beginning of the experiment, a high-speed camera can be used to shoot and record the dynamic evolution process of the transparent debris flow and the surge on the right side, and track and record the movement trajectory of the solid particles inside the debris flow.

[0119] In the embodiment of the present invention, the experimental device is simple and easy to build, and the inclination angle of the bottom slope plate can be adjusted according to different experimental objects. It can be used to simulate debris flow waves under different slopes. The use of a high-speed camera can capture every detail of the experimental process, and can visualize the interaction process between the debris flow and the reservoir water. It can capture the movement trajectory of solid particles during the interaction between the debris flow and the reservoir water. At the same time, it can also realize the tracking and visualization of the dynamic evolution process of the surge contour, which can better reveal the mechanism of the relevant phenomenon.

[0120] The embodiment of the present invention provides a simulation analysis system that can visually study the movement patterns of internal solid particles in debris flow surges. For the mud components in debris flows, artificially prepared cross-linked polyacrylic acid solutions can be used as substitutes; spherical glass beads or three-dimensional solid particles with irregular shapes made of different materials can be used to replace the solid aggregate part of the debris flow; water-soluble industrial transparent fluorescent pigments are used to dye the surges to highlight the dynamic evolution of the surge contours. This system can study the internal detailed features of the debris flow during its movement and development, and can reveal the surge phenomenon generated when the debris flow impacts the water from a mechanistic perspective, and can track and record the movement trajectories of the solid particles inside the debris flow, thereby accelerating the understanding of debris flow surges and reducing the hazards caused by the existence of debris flows.

[0121] Figure 5 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 510, a communication interface 520, a memory 530, and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication interface 520, and the memory 530 communicate with each other via the communication bus 540. The processor 510 may call the logic instructions in the memory 530 to execute a simulation analysis method for debris flow surges, the method comprising: conducting a landslide surge simulation experiment based on a transparent debris flow model, and collecting images during the experiment, wherein the transparent debris flow model is determined based on the rheological parameters of the slurry in a real debris flow and the physical parameters of the solid aggregate in the real debris flow; extracting features from the images to obtain characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water and surge characteristics; and analyzing the debris flow surge phenomenon based on the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water and the surge characteristics.

[0122] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 530 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0123] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, which can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the simulation and analysis method of debris flow waves provided by the above methods, which method includes: conducting a landslide surge simulation experiment based on a transparent debris flow model, and collecting images during the experiment, wherein the transparent debris flow model is determined based on the rheological parameters of the slurry in the real debris flow and the physical parameters of the solid aggregate in the real debris flow; performing feature extraction on the image to obtain the characteristics of the debris flow before it impacts the water and the surge characteristics; and analyzing the debris flow surge phenomenon based on the characteristics of the debris flow before it impacts the water and the surge characteristics.

[0124] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to execute the simulation analysis method of debris flow waves provided by the above-mentioned methods, the method comprising: conducting a landslide surge simulation experiment based on a transparent debris flow model, and collecting images during the experiment, wherein the transparent debris flow model is determined based on the rheological parameters of the slurry in the real debris flow and the physical parameters of the solid aggregate in the real debris flow; performing feature extraction on the image to obtain the characteristics of the debris flow before impacting the water and the surge characteristics; and analyzing the debris flow surge phenomenon based on the characteristics of the debris flow before impacting the water and the surge characteristics.

[0125] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one location or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of the present embodiment. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0126] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, or of course, by hardware. Based on this understanding, the essence of the above technical solution or the part that contributes to the existing technology can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or certain parts of the embodiments.

[0127] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for simulating and analyzing debris flow surges, characterized in that: include: Conducting a landslide surge simulation experiment based on a transparent debris flow model and collecting images during the experiment, wherein the transparent debris flow model is determined based on rheological parameters of slurry in a real debris flow and physical parameters of solid aggregate in the real debris flow; Extracting features from the image to obtain features before the debris flow hits the water and features of the surge; Based on the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water and the surge characteristics, the debris flow surge phenomenon is analyzed.

2. The debris flow surge simulation analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analyzing of the debris flow surge phenomenon based on the debris flow pre-impact water characteristics and the surge characteristics includes: Based on the transparent debris flow model, obtaining initial characteristics of the debris flow; Determining a first relationship model between the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the characteristics of the debris flow before it impacts the water based on the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the characteristics of the debris flow before it impacts the water; determining a second relationship model between the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water and the characteristics of the surge wave based on the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water and the characteristics of the surge wave; Based on the first relationship model and the second relationship model, the debris flow surge phenomenon is analyzed to determine the relationship between the initial characteristics of the debris flow and the surge characteristics.

3. The debris flow surge simulation analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Based on the image, the movement of solid particles inside the debris flow is analyzed to obtain the movement characteristics of the solid particles.

4. The debris flow surge simulation analysis method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The analyzing the movement of solid particles in the debris flow based on the image to obtain the movement characteristics of the solid particles includes: Based on the image, obtaining distribution characteristics and position information of solid particles inside the debris flow at different times, as well as the motion state of the solid particles inside the debris flow; determining the movement trajectory of the solid particles based on the distribution characteristics and position information of the solid particles at different times; Based on the motion state and motion trajectory of the solid particles, the motion characteristics of the solid particles are obtained.

5. The debris flow surge simulation analysis method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The transparent debris flow model is obtained based on a mixture of transparent slurry and solid particles. The rheological parameters of the transparent slurry are determined based on the rheological parameters of the slurry in the real debris flow, and the physical parameters of the solid particles are determined based on the physical parameters of the solid aggregate in the real debris flow.

6. The debris flow surge simulation analysis method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transparent slurry comprises a cross-linked polyacrylic acid slurry and a sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentages of the components in the cross-linked polyacrylic acid slurry are: 99.65-99.95% of deionized water and 0.05-0.35% of cross-linked polyacrylic acid resin powder; The solid particles include at least one of spherical glass microbeads, resin blocks and metal blocks.

7. A debris flow surge simulation and analysis device, characterized in that: include: an acquisition unit, configured to conduct a landslide surge simulation experiment based on a transparent debris flow model and to acquire images during the experiment, wherein the transparent debris flow model is determined based on rheological parameters of a slurry in a real debris flow and physical parameters of solid aggregates in the real debris flow; An extraction unit, configured to extract features from the image to obtain features of the debris flow before it hits the water and features of the surge; The analysis unit is used to analyze the debris flow surge phenomenon based on the characteristics of the debris flow before it hits the water and the surge characteristics.

8. A debris flow surge simulation and analysis system, characterized in that: The device comprises a transparent water tank, a baffle, a ramp, a camera, and a processor. The transparent water tank is placed horizontally, the ramp is tilted at one end of the transparent water tank, and the baffle is vertically arranged above the ramp. The baffle, the ramp, and the transparent water tank together form a closed area for accommodating a transparent debris flow model. The camera is provided on one side of the transparent water tank and is connected to the processor. The transparent water tank is used to conduct a landslide surge simulation experiment based on the transparent debris flow model; The camera is used to collect images during the experiment and transmit the images to the processor; The processor is used to extract features from the image to obtain features before the debris flow hits the water and surge features, and analyze the debris flow surge phenomenon based on the features before the debris flow hits the water and the surge features.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the program, the debris flow surge simulation analysis method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for simulating and analyzing debris flow surges according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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