Optical axis heat treatment deformation suppression method and system based on image processing

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical axis heat treatment deformation suppression method and system based on image processing, and relates to the technical field of image analysis. The method comprises the following steps: collecting an optical axis heat treatment image in real time and carrying out denoising normalization processing; using an edge detection algorithm to identify the edge of the optical axis, and performing morphological processing to refine the edge; extracting optical axis features from the refined edge image to form an optical axis feature matrix; setting an optical axis characteristic data standard value and a deformation degree threshold value, comparing the characteristic data in the optical axis characteristic matrix with the standard value, and judging the deformation degree; if the deformation degree exceeds a threshold value, giving an alarm and adjusting control parameters to inhibit optical axis deformation; real-time monitoring, accurate judgment and intelligent control of optical axis heat treatment deformation are achieved, the quality and performance of the optical axis are effectively improved, the service life of the optical axis is effectively prolonged, and the overall efficiency of optical axis heat treatment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of image analysis technology, and in particular relates to a method and system for suppressing optical axis heat treatment deformation based on image processing. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, optical shafts are key components, so quality control during their heat treatment is particularly important. Heat treatment of optical shafts aims to improve their hardness and wear resistance, but it can also cause deformation issues such as bending, expansion, and contraction, which directly affect their performance and service life.

[0003] Traditional optical axis deformation control during heat treatment mainly relies on manual experience and post-detection, which lacks real-time performance and accuracy. With the development of image processing technology, automatic detection and control of optical axis deformation during heat treatment has become possible. However, existing image processing methods still have many shortcomings in optical axis feature extraction, deformation degree judgment and control parameter adjustment, such as inaccurate edge detection, incomplete feature extraction, unreasonable deformation threshold setting, etc., resulting in poor control effect of optical axis deformation during heat treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical problems solved In response to the problems in the related art, the present invention provides a method for suppressing optical axis heat treatment deformation based on image processing. The present invention solves the problems of insufficient real-time performance, low accuracy, low degree of automation and delayed adjustment of control parameters through image processing technology.

[0005] (2) Technical solution To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: S1. Collect and obtain an optical axis heat treatment image set, perform denoising and normalization processing on the images in the optical axis heat treatment image set, and obtain a pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set; S2. applying an edge detection algorithm to identify the edge of the optical axis of each optical axis heat treatment image in the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set to obtain an optical axis heat treatment edge image set; S3, using morphological processing, performing edge refinement processing on the optical axis heat-treated images of the determined edges in the optical axis heat-treated edge image set to obtain an optical axis heat-treated refined edge image set; S4, extracting the optical axis features of the optical axis heat-treated image with refined edges from the optical axis heat-treated refined edge image set to obtain an optical axis feature matrix; S5. Set the standard value of the characteristic data of the optical axis, set the deformation degree threshold, and compare the optical axis characteristic data in the optical axis characteristic matrix with the standard value of the characteristic data of the optical axis to obtain the optical axis deformation degree. If the optical axis deformation degree exceeds the threshold, an alarm is issued and the control parameters are adjusted to suppress the optical axis deformation.

[0006] Preferably, the S1 comprises the following steps: S11, take real-time photos of the optical axis heat treatment process to obtain continuous image information and obtain the optical axis heat treatment image set. ,in, a i Indicates the first i images, m Indicates the total number of optical axis heat treatment images; S12, performing denoising and normalization processing on the images in the optical axis heat treatment image set to obtain a pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set ,in, b i Indicates the first i images; The above steps acquire continuous image information by real-time shooting of the optical axis heat treatment process, forming an optical axis heat treatment image set; and performing denoising and normalization processing on the images in the optical axis heat treatment image set to obtain a preprocessed optical axis heat treatment image set; through real-time shooting and preprocessing, basic data support is provided for the automated detection, analysis and quality control of the optical axis heat treatment process.

[0007] Preferably, said S2 comprises the following steps: S21, gray-scale pre-processing the images in the optical axis heat-processed image set to obtain a gray-scale optical axis heat-processed image set; S22, using a Gaussian function to smooth the images in the grayscale optical axis heat treatment image set, to obtain a smoothed optical axis heat treatment image set ,in, g i represents the first i The Gaussian function formula is as follows: ; in, C (x, y) Represents the Gaussian function at the position point in the image ( x , y ), represents the standard deviation of the Gaussian function; S23, set the high threshold and the low threshold, calculate the gradient amplitude and direction of the image in the smoothed optical axis heat treatment image set, perform non-maximum suppression along the gradient direction, retain the point with the maximum local gradient, refine the edge, and divide the gradient amplitude into strong edge, weak edge and non-edge; track the weak edge, and when there is a strong edge in the neighborhood of the weak edge, retain it as an edge, and obtain the optical axis heat treatment edge image set ,in, ci Indicates the first i An image of the optical axis heat treatment to determine the edge; The above steps are to grayscale the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set, and then use Gaussian function to smooth the grayscale image to obtain a smoothed optical axis heat treatment image set; then set high and low thresholds, calculate the gradient amplitude and direction of the image, perform non-maximum suppression to retain the points with the largest local gradient, thereby refining the edges, and classify the gradient amplitude into strong edges, weak edges and non-edges; track weak edges, and retain them as edges if there are strong edges in their neighborhood, and finally obtain the optical axis heat treatment edge image set; through a series of image processing techniques, accurate edge detection of optical axis heat treatment images is achieved, providing key technical support for the automated detection, analysis and quality control of the optical axis heat treatment process.

[0008] Preferably, the S21 includes the following steps: S211, using a weighted average algorithm to calculate the grayscale value of each image in the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set. The weighted average algorithm formula is as follows: ; in, A represents the grayscale value, R 、 G and B represent the pixel values of the red, green and blue channels of the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image, respectively, e 1. e 2 and e 3 represents the weight coefficient; S212, grayscale the color image according to the grayscale value of each image in the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set to obtain a grayscale optical axis heat treatment image set ,in, f i Represents the first i images; The above steps calculate the grayscale value of each image in the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set by using a weighted average algorithm. The algorithm determines the grayscale value based on the pixel values of the red, green, and blue channels and their corresponding weight coefficients; then, the color image is converted into a grayscale image based on these grayscale values, thereby obtaining a grayscale optical axis heat treatment image set; through the weighted average algorithm and grayscale processing, simplified, efficient, and feature-prominent basic data are provided for the subsequent processing of the optical axis heat treatment images, which is conducive to improving the automated detection and analysis accuracy of the optical axis heat treatment process.

[0009] Preferably, the step S3 includes the following steps: S31, performing a cyclic dilation and corrosion operation on the optical axis heat-treated images of the determined edges in the optical axis heat-treated edge image set to obtain an optical axis heat-treated refined edge image set; The above steps perform cyclic dilation and erosion operations on the determined edge images in the optical axis heat treatment edge image set to obtain the optical axis heat treatment refined edge image set, which provides clearer, more accurate, and more reliable image data for subsequent optical axis heat treatment process analysis, and is conducive to improving the efficiency and accuracy of detection and recognition; Preferably, the S31 includes the following steps: S311, set a structural element, use the structural element to expand the image in the optical axis heat treatment edge image set, and obtain the expanded optical axis heat treatment edge image set. ,in h i The heat-processed image of the optical axis showing the determined edge after expansion; S312, performing an erosion operation on the images in the expanded optical axis heat treatment edge image set to obtain an eroded optical axis heat treatment edge image set. ,in t i The heat treatment image of the optical axis showing the determined edge after etching; S313, set the maximum number of iterations to j , set the edge effect threshold to k 1. Set the edge effect to k 2. Repeat S311 and S312. k 2≥ k 1 or the maximum number of iterations is reached j When , the iteration is stopped and the optical axis heat treatment refined edge image set is obtained ,in, d i Indicates the first i An image of the optical axis heat treatment with thinned edges; In the above steps, the optical axis heat treatment edge image is expanded and eroded by setting a structural element. By setting the maximum number of iterations and the edge effect threshold, the expansion and erosion are repeated until the threshold or the maximum number of iterations is reached, thereby obtaining the optical axis heat treatment refined edge image set, and realizing the refinement of the optical axis heat treatment edge. Preferably, said S4 comprises the following steps: S41, using the contour algorithm to extract the contour of the image in the optical axis heat treatment thinning edge image set, to obtain the optical axis heat treatment image contour set ,in l i Indicates the i The outline of the optical axis of the optical axis heat treatment image; S42, analyzing the contours of the optical axis heat treatment image contour set to obtain the optical axis feature matrix D ;as follows, ; in, D in Indicates the first i The first optical axis of the heat-processed image n feature data, n Indicates the total number of optical axis features in the optical axis heat treatment image; The above steps use a contour algorithm to extract the contours of the optical axis heat treatment refined edge image, forming an optical axis heat treatment image contour set. The extracted contours are then analyzed to construct an optical axis feature matrix. Through contour extraction and feature matrix construction, key information in the optical axis heat treatment image is converted into numerical data that is easy to analyze and process, providing strong support for the monitoring, analysis, and optimization of the optical axis heat treatment process. Preferably, the S5 comprises the following steps: S51, according to the design requirements of the optical axis and the heat treatment process standards, set the characteristic data standard value of the optical axis, and obtain the optical axis characteristic standard value set ,in p i Indicates the first i Standard value of optical axis characteristic data; S52, set the deformation threshold, compare the optical axis feature data of each optical axis heat treatment image in the optical axis feature matrix with the optical axis feature data standard value set, and obtain the optical axis deformation set. ,in q i Indicates the i The degree of optical axis deformation in the optical axis heat treatment image; S53, when the optical axis deformation degree is less than the deformation degree threshold, maintaining the current state; S54. When the optical axis deformation degree is greater than or equal to the deformation degree threshold, an alarm is issued and adjustments are made to suppress the optical axis deformation; The above steps form a set of standard values of optical axis characteristic data by setting the standard values according to design requirements and process standards; the characteristic data in the optical axis characteristic matrix are compared with the standard values to obtain the optical axis deformation set; if the degree of deformation is lower than the set threshold, the current state is maintained; if the degree of deformation reaches or exceeds the threshold, an alarm is issued and measures are taken to suppress the deformation of the optical axis; by setting standard values, monitoring deformation, early warning and adjustment, a complete optical axis heat treatment quality control system is formed, which helps to improve the product quality of the optical axis, reduce the scrap rate and improve production efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment in S54 to suppress optical axis deformation includes the following steps: S541, set the optical axis deformation type set ,in, r i The first one represents the optical axis deformation i Types, o Indicates the total number of types of optical axis deformation; S542: Obtaining data on the degree and type of optical axis deformation based on the data in the optical axis deformation set and the optical axis deformation type set, and adjusting control parameters based on the data on the degree and type of optical axis deformation to suppress optical axis deformation; The above steps are performed by setting a set of optical axis deformation types; determining the degree and specific type of optical axis deformation based on the data of the optical axis deformation set and the deformation type set; adjusting the control parameters based on this information to effectively suppress the optical axis deformation; and effectively suppressing the optical axis deformation by refining the deformation type and precisely adjusting the control parameters, further improving the quality control and production efficiency of the optical axis heat treatment process.

[0011] An optical axis heat treatment deformation suppression system based on image processing, used to implement the above-mentioned optical axis heat treatment deformation suppression method based on image processing, comprising an image acquisition and preprocessing module, an edge detection module, an edge refinement module, a feature extraction module, and a deformation detection and control module; The image acquisition and preprocessing module is used to shoot the optical axis heat treatment process in real time, obtain continuous image information, and form an optical axis heat treatment image set; perform denoising and normalization processing on the images in the optical axis heat treatment image set to obtain a preprocessed optical axis heat treatment image set; The edge detection module is used to grayscale the pre-processed image, perform smoothing using a Gaussian function, calculate the gradient amplitude and direction by setting a high threshold and a low threshold, perform non-maximum suppression, refine the edge, and obtain an optical axis heat treatment edge image set; The edge refinement module is used to perform cyclic expansion and erosion operations on the edge image to refine the edge, optimize the edge effect by setting the structural element and the number of iterations, and obtain an optical axis heat treatment refined edge image set; The feature extraction module is used to extract the optical axis contour in the thin edge image using a contour algorithm, analyze the contour, extract the optical axis features, and form an optical axis feature matrix; The deformation detection and control module is used to set the standard value of the optical axis characteristic data and the deformation degree threshold, compare the actual optical axis characteristic data with the standard value, determine the deformation degree, and if the deformation degree exceeds the threshold, issue an alarm and adjust the control parameters to suppress the optical axis deformation.

[0012] (3) Beneficial effects The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention realizes real-time monitoring and accurate judgment of the deformation of the optical axis during heat treatment through a series of image processing technologies such as real-time image acquisition, denoising normalization, edge detection, edge refinement and feature extraction. Compared with traditional manual experience and post-detection methods, the real-time and accuracy of deformation control are greatly improved, and the deformation problem of the optical axis can be discovered and handled in a timely manner.

[0013] The present invention adopts automated image processing and analysis technology to reduce manual intervention and improve the automation and intelligence level of optical axis heat treatment deformation control; by setting standard values and thresholds, the system can automatically compare actual feature data, judge the degree of deformation, and automatically issue an alarm and adjust the control parameters when the threshold is exceeded, realizing intelligent deformation suppression.

[0014] Through precise edge detection, feature extraction, and deformation degree judgment, as well as targeted control parameter adjustment, the present invention effectively suppresses deformation problems such as bending, expansion, and contraction of the optical axis during heat treatment. This not only improves the quality and performance of the optical axis and extends its service life, but also enhances the overall efficiency of the optical axis heat treatment, bringing significant technological progress and economic benefits.

[0015] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, they can also obtain drawings based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method and system for suppressing deformation during optical axis heat treatment based on image processing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "top", "middle", "inside" and the like indicating orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the invention.

[0020] Example 1:

[0021] See also Figure 1 The present invention discloses a method for suppressing deformation of an optical axis during heat treatment based on image processing, comprising the following steps: S1. Collect and obtain an optical axis heat treatment image set, perform denoising and normalization processing on the images in the optical axis heat treatment image set, and obtain a pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set; Said S1 comprises the following steps: S11, take real-time photos of the optical axis heat treatment process to obtain continuous image information and obtain the optical axis heat treatment image set. ,in, a i Indicates the first i images, m Indicates the total number of optical axis heat treatment images; S12, performing denoising and normalization processing on the images in the optical axis heat treatment image set to obtain a pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set ,in, b i Indicates the first i images; S2. applying an edge detection algorithm to identify the edge of the optical axis of each optical axis heat treatment image in the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set to obtain an optical axis heat treatment edge image set; The S2 comprises the following steps: S21, gray-scale pre-processing the images in the optical axis heat-processed image set to obtain a gray-scale optical axis heat-processed image set; The S21 includes the following steps S211, using a weighted average algorithm to calculate the grayscale value of each image in the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set. The weighted average algorithm formula is as follows: ; in, A represents the grayscale value, R 、 G and B represent the pixel values of the red, green and blue channels of the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image, respectively, e 1. e 2 and e3 represents the weight coefficient; S212, grayscale the color image according to the grayscale value of each image in the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set to obtain a grayscale optical axis heat treatment image set ,in, f i Represents the first i images; S22, using a Gaussian function to smooth the images in the grayscale optical axis heat treatment image set, to obtain a smoothed optical axis heat treatment image set ,in, g i represents the first i The Gaussian function formula is as follows: ; in, C (x, y) Represents the Gaussian function at the position point in the image ( x , y ), represents the standard deviation of the Gaussian function; S23, set the high threshold and the low threshold, calculate the gradient amplitude and direction of the image in the smoothed optical axis heat treatment image set, perform non-maximum suppression along the gradient direction, retain the point with the maximum local gradient, refine the edge, and divide the gradient amplitude into strong edge, weak edge and non-edge; track the weak edge, and when there is a strong edge in the neighborhood of the weak edge, retain it as an edge, and obtain the optical axis heat treatment edge image set ,in, c i Indicates the first i An image of the optical axis heat treatment to determine the edge; S3, using morphological processing, performing edge refinement processing on the optical axis heat-treated images of the determined edges in the optical axis heat-treated edge image set to obtain an optical axis heat-treated refined edge image set; The S3 includes the following steps: S31, performing a cyclic dilation and corrosion operation on the optical axis heat-treated images of the determined edges in the optical axis heat-treated edge image set to obtain an optical axis heat-treated refined edge image set; The S31 includes the following steps: S311, set a structural element, use the structural element to expand the image in the optical axis heat treatment edge image set, and obtain the expanded optical axis heat treatment edge image set. ,in h i The heat-processed image of the optical axis showing the determined edge after expansion; S312, performing an erosion operation on the images in the expanded optical axis heat treatment edge image set to obtain an eroded optical axis heat treatment edge image set. ,in t i The heat treatment image of the optical axis showing the determined edge after etching; S313, set the maximum number of iterations to j , set the edge effect threshold to k 1. Set the edge effect to k 2. Repeat S311 and S312. k 2≥ k 1 or the maximum number of iterations is reached j When , the iteration is stopped and the optical axis heat treatment refined edge image set is obtained ,in, d i Indicates the first i An image of the optical axis heat treatment with thinned edges; S4, extracting the optical axis features of the optical axis heat-treated image with refined edges from the optical axis heat-treated refined edge image set to obtain an optical axis feature matrix; The S4 comprises the following steps: S41, using the contour algorithm to extract the contour of the image in the optical axis heat treatment thinning edge image set, to obtain the optical axis heat treatment image contour set ,in l i Indicates the i The outline of the optical axis of the optical axis heat treatment image; S42, analyzing the contours of the optical axis heat treatment image contour set to obtain the optical axis feature matrix D ;as follows, ; in, D in Indicates the first i The first optical axis of the heat-processed image n feature data, n Indicates the total number of optical axis features in the optical axis heat treatment image; optical axis features include the diameter and length of the optical axis; S5. Setting a standard value for the characteristic data of the optical axis and a threshold value for the degree of deformation, and comparing the optical axis characteristic data in the optical axis characteristic matrix with the standard value for the characteristic data of the optical axis to obtain the degree of deformation of the optical axis. If the degree of deformation of the optical axis exceeds the threshold, an alarm is issued and control parameters are adjusted to suppress the deformation of the optical axis. S51, according to the design requirements of the optical axis and the heat treatment process standards, set the characteristic data standard value of the optical axis, and obtain the optical axis characteristic standard value set ,inp i Indicates the first i The standard values of optical axis characteristic data include the standard diameter, length, straightness, etc. of the optical axis; S52, set the deformation threshold, compare the optical axis feature data of each optical axis heat treatment image in the optical axis feature matrix with the optical axis feature data standard value set, and obtain the optical axis deformation set. ,in q i Indicates the i The degree of optical axis deformation in the optical axis heat treatment image; S53, when the optical axis deformation degree is less than the deformation degree threshold, maintaining the current state; S54. When the optical axis deformation degree is greater than or equal to the deformation degree threshold, an alarm is issued and adjustments are made to suppress the optical axis deformation; The adjustment in S54 to suppress optical axis deformation includes the following steps: S541, set the optical axis deformation type set ,in, r i The first one represents the optical axis deformation i Types, o Indicates the total number of optical axis deformation types; deformation types include bending, expansion, contraction, etc. S542. Obtain the degree and type data of the optical axis deformation based on the data in the optical axis deformation set and the optical axis deformation type set, and adjust the control parameters based on the degree and type data of the optical axis deformation to suppress the optical axis deformation; wherein the adjustment parameters include temperature, heating time, cooling rate, cooling medium, etc.

[0022] Example 2:

[0023] An optical axis heat treatment deformation suppression system based on image processing, used to implement the above-mentioned optical axis heat treatment deformation suppression method based on image processing, comprising an image acquisition and preprocessing module, an edge detection module, an edge refinement module, a feature extraction module, and a deformation detection and control module; The image acquisition and preprocessing module is used to shoot the optical axis heat treatment process in real time, obtain continuous image information, and form an optical axis heat treatment image set; perform denoising and normalization processing on the images in the optical axis heat treatment image set to obtain a preprocessed optical axis heat treatment image set; The edge detection module is used to grayscale the pre-processed image, perform smoothing using a Gaussian function, calculate the gradient amplitude and direction by setting a high threshold and a low threshold, perform non-maximum suppression, refine the edge, and obtain an optical axis heat treatment edge image set; The edge refinement module is used to perform cyclic expansion and erosion operations on the edge image to refine the edge, optimize the edge effect by setting the structural element and the number of iterations, and obtain an optical axis heat treatment refined edge image set; The feature extraction module is used to extract the optical axis contour in the thin edge image using a contour algorithm, analyze the contour, extract the optical axis features, and form an optical axis feature matrix; The deformation detection and control module is used to set the standard value of the optical axis characteristic data and the deformation degree threshold, compare the actual optical axis characteristic data with the standard value, determine the deformation degree, and if the deformation degree exceeds the threshold, issue an alarm and adjust the control parameters to suppress the optical axis deformation.

[0024] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "example," or "specific example" indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaust all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A method for suppressing optical axis heat treatment deformation based on image processing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Collect and obtain an optical axis heat treatment image set, perform denoising and normalization processing on the images in the optical axis heat treatment image set, and obtain a pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set; S2. applying an edge detection algorithm to identify the edge of the optical axis of each optical axis heat treatment image in the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set to obtain an optical axis heat treatment edge image set; S3, using morphological processing, performing edge refinement processing on the optical axis heat-treated images of the determined edges in the optical axis heat-treated edge image set to obtain an optical axis heat-treated refined edge image set; S4, extracting the optical axis features of the optical axis heat-treated image with refined edges from the optical axis heat-treated refined edge image set to obtain an optical axis feature matrix; S5. Set the standard value of the characteristic data of the optical axis, set the deformation degree threshold, and compare the optical axis characteristic data in the optical axis characteristic matrix with the standard value of the characteristic data of the optical axis to obtain the optical axis deformation degree. If the optical axis deformation degree exceeds the threshold, an alarm is issued and the control parameters are adjusted to suppress the optical axis deformation.

2. The method for suppressing optical axis heat treatment deformation based on image processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Said S1 comprises the following steps: S11, take real-time photos of the optical axis heat treatment process to obtain continuous image information, and obtain the optical axis heat treatment image set. ,in, a i Indicates the first i images, m Indicates the total number of optical axis heat treatment images; S12, performing denoising and normalization processing on the images in the optical axis heat treatment image set to obtain a pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set ,in, b i Indicates the first i images.

3. The method for suppressing optical axis heat treatment deformation based on image processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S2 comprises the following steps: S21, gray-scale pre-processing the images in the optical axis heat-processed image set to obtain a gray-scale optical axis heat-processed image set; S22, using a Gaussian function to smooth the images in the grayscale optical axis heat treatment image set, to obtain a smoothed optical axis heat treatment image set ,in, g i represents the first i The Gaussian function formula is as follows: ； in, C (x, y) Represents the Gaussian function at the position point in the image ( x , y ), represents the standard deviation of the Gaussian function; S23, set the high threshold and the low threshold, calculate the gradient amplitude and direction of the image in the smoothed optical axis heat treatment image set, perform non-maximum suppression along the gradient direction, retain the point with the maximum local gradient, refine the edge, and divide the gradient amplitude into strong edge, weak edge and non-edge; track the weak edge, and when there is a strong edge in the neighborhood of the weak edge, retain it as an edge, and obtain the optical axis heat treatment edge image set ,in, c i Indicates the first i Zhang determines the edge of the optical axis heat treatment image.

4. The method for suppressing optical axis heat treatment deformation based on image processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S21 includes the following steps S211, using a weighted average algorithm to calculate the grayscale value of each image in the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set. The weighted average algorithm formula is as follows: ； in, A represents the grayscale value, R 、 G and B represent the pixel values of the red, green and blue channels of the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image, e 1. e 2 and e 3 represents the weight coefficient; S212, grayscale the color image according to the grayscale value of each image in the pre-processed optical axis heat treatment image set to obtain a grayscale optical axis heat treatment image set ,in, f i Represents the first i images.

5. The method for suppressing optical axis heat treatment deformation based on image processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 includes the following steps: S31 , performing a cyclic dilation and corrosion operation on the optical axis heat-treated images of determined edges in the optical axis heat-treated edge image set to obtain an optical axis heat-treated refined edge image set.

6. The method for suppressing optical axis heat treatment deformation based on image processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The S31 includes the following steps: S311, set a structural element, use the structural element to expand the image in the optical axis heat treatment edge image set, and obtain the expanded optical axis heat treatment edge image set. ,in h i The heat-processed image of the optical axis showing the determined edge after expansion; S312, performing an erosion operation on the images in the expanded optical axis heat treatment edge image set to obtain an eroded optical axis heat treatment edge image set. ,in t i The heat treatment image of the optical axis showing the determined edge after etching; S313, set the maximum number of iterations to j , set the edge effect threshold to k 1. Set the edge effect to k 2. Repeat S311 and S312. k 2≥ k 1 or the maximum number of iterations is reached j When , the iteration is stopped and the optical axis heat treatment refined edge image set is obtained ,in, d i Indicates the first i Image of optical axis heat treatment with thinned edges.

7. The method for suppressing optical axis heat treatment deformation based on image processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S4 comprises the following steps: S41, using the contour algorithm to extract the contour of the image in the optical axis heat treatment thinning edge image set, to obtain the optical axis heat treatment image contour set ,in l i Indicates the i The outline of the optical axis of the optical axis heat treatment image; S42, analyzing the contours of the optical axis heat treatment image contour set to obtain the optical axis feature matrix D ;as follows, ； in, D in Indicates the first i The first optical axis of the heat-processed image n feature data, n Indicates the total number of optical axis features in the optical axis heat treatment image.

8. The method for suppressing optical axis heat treatment deformation based on image processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S5 comprises the following steps: S51, according to the design requirements of the optical axis and the heat treatment process standards, set the characteristic data standard value of the optical axis, and obtain the optical axis characteristic standard value set ,in p i Indicates the first i Standard value of optical axis characteristic data; S52, set the deformation threshold, compare the optical axis feature data of each optical axis heat treatment image in the optical axis feature matrix with the optical axis feature data standard value set, and obtain the optical axis deformation set. ,in q i Indicates the i The degree of optical axis deformation in the optical axis heat treatment image; S53, when the optical axis deformation degree is less than the deformation degree threshold, maintaining the current state; S54. When the optical axis deformation degree is greater than or equal to the deformation degree threshold, an alarm is issued and adjustments are made to suppress the optical axis deformation.

9. The method for suppressing optical axis heat treatment deformation based on image processing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adjustment in S54 to suppress optical axis deformation includes the following steps: S541, set the optical axis deformation type set ,in, r i The first one represents the optical axis deformation i Types, o Indicates the total number of types of optical axis deformation; S542 : Obtain the degree and type data of the optical axis deformation according to the data in the optical axis deformation set and the optical axis deformation type set, and adjust the control parameters according to the degree and type data of the optical axis deformation to suppress the optical axis deformation.

10. A system for suppressing deformation of an optical axis during heat treatment based on image processing, for implementing a method for suppressing deformation of an optical axis during heat treatment based on image processing according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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