An integrated device for replenishing and degassing ion batteries and method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ion batteries, and in particular to an integrated fluid replenishment and degassing device for ion batteries and a method thereof, comprising a battery assembly, a fluid replenishment execution assembly, a central control unit and a pressure relief execution assembly. A pressure sensor, a conductivity sensor and a temperature sensor are provided on the battery assembly, and a single orifice is provided on the battery assembly. Through the coordinated operation of the central control unit and the fluid replenishment execution assembly, the pressure relief execution assembly, the pressure monitoring module, the conductivity monitoring module and the temperature monitoring module, closed-loop management of accurate electrolyte replenishment and dynamic pressure relief is achieved, which significantly reduces the risk of leakage and improves battery safety. A single orifice is used to integrate fluid replenishment and pressure relief functions, simplifying the battery structure and reducing the leakage risk and manufacturing cost caused by the porous design. Based on real-time pressure sensing and electrolyte status monitoring, the system introduces a dynamic mutual exclusion control mechanism, intelligently judges the current demand according to the real-time status, and performs interlocking switching between fluid replenishment and pressure relief functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ion batteries, and in particular to an integrated liquid replenishment and air release device for ion batteries and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sodium-ion and potassium-ion batteries are considered potential alternatives to lithium-ion batteries due to their abundant resource reserves, low cost, and high intrinsic safety. They show broad application prospects in large-scale energy storage, electric transportation, and smart grids. However, during long-term cycling, sodium-ion and potassium-ion batteries still face two core issues: electrolyte composition degradation and gas accumulation. These two core issues will seriously affect their capacity retention, cycle life, and safety performance.

[0003] Specifically, during the charge and discharge process, As charge carriers, they migrate between the positive and negative electrodes. However, due to irreversible side reactions, some active ions cannot re-participate in the electrochemical cycle, resulting in a gradual decline in battery capacity. This loss is mainly due to the following aspects: First, the formation of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) and the positive electrode interface (CEI) consumes , reducing the number of active ions that can be recycled; secondly, during the decomposition of the electrolyte, the solvent and sodium / potassium salts may react with the electrode materials, further consuming , and generate irreversible by-products; in addition, Dendrite growth can lead to Deposition on the negative electrode surface forms irreversible metal deposition, which shortens the battery life. If not compensated, after long-term operation, the recyclable metal inside the battery will The content will continue to decrease, eventually leading to rapid capacity decay, seriously affecting the battery life. It is an effective strategy that can effectively delay battery performance degradation and improve long-term cycle stability.

[0004] The traditional method of electrolyte replenishment generally adopts manual refilling. The manual refilling method generally adopts opening a refilling hole on the existing battery assembly. After the refilling is completed, it needs to be sealed with a separate sealing structure to prevent leakage of the refilling hole. In the existing traditional refilling process, although the passive refilling technology based on the osmotic membrane simplifies the refilling operation, it is difficult to accurately control the refilling rate due to its reliance on the physical diffusion mechanism, resulting in its inability to adapt to the dynamic demand of the electrolyte under high-rate charge and discharge conditions. It is easy to have excessive or insufficient refilling, which in turn aggravates battery polarization and accelerates capacity attenuation. Moreover, the traditional manual refilling requires frequent disassembly of the battery assembly, which is cumbersome to operate and easily introduces impurities such as moisture and oxygen, thereby accelerating electrode passivation and causing battery performance degradation.

[0005] At the same time, sodium ion batteries and potassium ion batteries will generate a lot of gas (such as These gases mainly come from: decomposition of electrolyte. Under high voltage or high temperature conditions, the electrolyte solvent may undergo oxidation or reduction reaction, releasing gas; negative electrode hydrogen evolution reaction. The metal may react with the electrolyte or other impurities to generate H2; the positive electrode structure changes, and some layered oxide positive electrode materials (such as ) undergoes a phase change during the cycle, accompanied by the release of O2. If these gases cannot be discharged in time, the internal pressure of the battery will increase, causing the battery to swell, and even induce safety accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to open an exhaust hole for pressure relief on the battery assembly, such as the following pressure relief technologies: mechanical pressure relief technology, microporous pressure relief membrane technology and catalyst gas decomposition technology, etc. However, the above pressure relief technologies also have many shortcomings. For example, a mechanical pressure relief valve is usually only triggered when the internal pressure of the battery reaches the set extreme high pressure condition, that is, it does not have the ability to detect and judge gas itself, and relies on the response of the spring or diaphragm structure. The set pressure is relatively high, resulting in the inability to intervene when the gas is just beginning to be generated or the pressure has not risen significantly. As a result, there is a response lag, slow control, and the inability to actively control the early accumulation of gas. After resetting, the secondary pressure may increase due to residual gas, affecting the safety of the battery. Although the microporous pressure relief membrane can achieve passive exhaust, the pressure relief rate cannot be adjusted, and it is difficult to maintain sealing while taking into account efficient exhaust. Catalytic decomposition gas technology (such as the use of Pd, Pt and other catalytic agents) Although the gas accumulation problem can be alleviated to a certain extent, it is limited by the activity, durability and high cost of the catalyst and cannot meet the application requirements of large-scale commercial batteries.

[0006] Most existing electrolyte replenishment and gas pressure relief systems are designed independently and lack linkage, leading to serious problems: the risk of functional conflict is high. If there is no interlocking mechanism, the replenishment (negative pressure / normal pressure required) and pressure relief (positive pressure required) are easily opened at the same time, causing liquid backflow or structural damage; the control is fragmented and delayed, relying on timing or manual switching, and cannot dynamically respond to the real-time status of multiple parameters such as pressure, conductivity, and temperature, missing the optimal control window; the system is complex and unreliable, and the dual-hole design significantly increases the risk of sealing failure, manufacturing cost and process difficulty. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an integrated fluid replenishment and gas release device for ion batteries, which solves the problems of inaccurate fluid replenishment, delayed pressure relief response, and the passive diffusion mechanism of traditional fluid replenishment that mostly relies on the permeable membrane, making it difficult to achieve precise control according to the dynamic demand for electrolyte of the battery at high rates or long cycles, which can easily lead to excessive or insufficient fluid replenishment, causing polarization, capacity attenuation and other technical problems. Secondly, although commercial batteries are equipped with mechanical pressure relief valves, they are only triggered under extreme pressure and cannot effectively regulate the early accumulation of gas. In addition, most of the existing fluid replenishment and pressure relief systems are designed independently, lacking linkage and intelligent mutual exclusion mechanisms, and there are functional conflicts (such as fluid replenishment requires negative pressure / normal pressure and pressure relief requires positive pressure, and opening them at the same time can easily cause backflow or damage), delayed control split response, and the system complexity, high sealing risk and poor reliability brought about by the dual-hole design.

[0008] In order to achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated liquid replenishment and degassing device for an ion battery, comprising a battery assembly, a liquid replenishment execution assembly, a central control unit, and a pressure relief execution assembly;

[0010] The battery assembly is provided with a pressure sensor, a conductivity sensor, and a temperature sensor. A single opening is provided on the battery assembly, into which a connecting pipe is inserted. The inner cavity of the battery assembly is selectively connected to the fluid infusion actuator and the pressure relief actuator through the connecting pipe.

[0011] The central control unit is located on the communication line and is in communication with the pressure sensor, and is used to receive the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly collected by the pressure sensor. If the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly exceeds the dynamic pressure relief threshold When the pressure relief instruction is generated, the central control unit sends it to the pressure relief execution component; the central control unit is also connected to the conductivity sensor and the temperature sensor for receiving the conductivity value of the conductivity sensor and the temperature data of the temperature sensor, and calculating the pressure relief instruction according to the conductivity value and the temperature data. Ion concentration, if When the ion concentration is lower than the rehydration concentration threshold, the central control unit generates a rehydration instruction and sends it to the rehydration execution component;

[0012] The pressure relief execution component is used to release the gas accumulated inside the battery assembly according to the pressure relief instruction;

[0013] The rehydration execution component is used to inject electrolyte into the battery component according to the rehydration instruction.

[0014] Optionally, the fluid infusion execution component includes an electrolyte storage tank, a syringe pump and a fluid infusion pipeline;

[0015] The infusion pipeline is connected to the connecting pipeline through a two-way electromagnetic valve group. The electrolyte storage tank is set at the end of the infusion pipeline. The injection pump is set between the electrolyte storage tank and the two-way electromagnetic valve group for pumping the electrolyte in the electrolyte storage tank.

[0016] Optionally, the pressure relief actuator includes a vacuum pump, a liquid-repellent filter membrane, and a gas exhaust channel;

[0017] The gas exhaust channel is connected to the connecting pipeline through the two-way solenoid valve group. The vacuum pump is arranged at the end of the gas exhaust channel. The liquid-repellent filter membrane is arranged between the vacuum pump and the two-way solenoid valve group to prevent the electrolyte from entering the vacuum pump.

[0018] Optionally, the liquid-phobic filter membrane is a filter membrane made of PTFE.

[0019] Optionally, a pressure monitoring module is provided in the pressure sensor, and the pressure monitoring module is used to monitor the internal pressure of the battery assembly in real time and feed back to the central control unit;

[0020] The conductivity sensor is embedded in the electrolyte inside the battery assembly. The conductivity sensor uses a platinum-iridium oxide corrosion-resistant electrode to obtain the conductivity value in real time. The conductivity sensor is provided with a conductivity monitoring module, which is used to monitor the internal conductivity value of the battery assembly in real time and feed it back to the central control unit;

[0021] The temperature sensor is a Pt1000 thin film temperature sensor; a temperature monitoring module is provided in the temperature sensor, and the temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the internal temperature of the battery assembly in real time and feed back to the central control unit.

[0022] Optionally, the central control unit includes a mutual exclusion control module, which is used to lock the fluid infusion execution component when the pressure relief execution component performs a pressure relief operation, and to lock the pressure relief execution component when the fluid infusion execution component performs a fluid infusion operation;

[0023] The mutual exclusion control module has a built-in compensation algorithm, which can calculate the conductivity value and temperature data. ion concentration, The formula for ion concentration is:

[0024] ;

[0025] in, for Ion concentration, unit ; is the proportional coefficient, unit ; Is the conductivity value, unit ; is the calibration reference temperature, unit is ℃; is the real-time temperature, in °C; is the basic constant, unit .

[0026] Optionally, the two-way solenoid valve group includes two two-way solenoid valves and a three-way pipe fitting;

[0027] One lateral end of the three-way pipe fitting is connected to the connecting pipeline, the other lateral end of the three-way pipe fitting is connected to one end of the gas exhaust channel through a two-way solenoid valve, and the vertical end of the three-way pipe fitting is connected to one end of the fluid infusion pipeline through another two-way solenoid valve.

[0028] In a second aspect, a method for replenishing and degassing an ion battery is provided. The method is based on an integrated device for replenishing and degassing an ion battery, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0029] S1. Initialize the central control unit, configure battery type parameters, and set the initial pressure relief threshold and rehydration concentration threshold;

[0030] S2. The pressure sensor continuously monitors the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly. If the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly exceeds the dynamic pressure relief threshold When the pressure is released, the central control unit will send a pressure relief instruction to the mutual exclusion control module, which will start the pressure relief actuator to release the pressure and disable the liquid filling actuator through the mutual exclusion control module, so that the pressure relief actuator releases the gas accumulated inside the battery assembly according to the pressure relief instruction;

[0031] The formula for determining the dynamic pressure relief threshold is:

[0032] ;

[0033] in:

[0034] is the dynamic pressure relief threshold, unit ; is the initial pressure relief threshold, unit ; is the temperature correction coefficient, unit ; is the real-time temperature, in °C; is the calibration reference temperature, unit is ℃; is the dynamic response coefficient, unit ; is the pressure rebound rate per unit time, unit ;

[0035] The pressure relief control logic is as follows:

[0036] When the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery component is greater than the dynamic pressure relief threshold When , the mutual exclusion control module determines that the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly is too large, triggering the pressure relief instruction of the mutual exclusion control module;

[0037] At this time, the central control unit switches the two-way solenoid valve to open the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve connected to the gas exhaust channel, and close the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve connected to the liquid replenishment pipeline. The vacuum pump is turned on to suck and relieve the pressure inside the battery assembly, so that the gas in the battery assembly is discharged to the gas exhaust channel. The real-time pressure value Pt of the gas released to the inside of the battery assembly is ≤ the dynamic pressure relief threshold ;

[0038] S3, the rehydration executive component collects the conductivity value every 30 seconds through the conductivity sensor, and calculates it through the compensation algorithm Ion concentration, if When the ion concentration is lower than the set rehydration concentration threshold, the rehydration execution component is activated to replenish the electrolyte according to the dynamic flow rate;

[0039] The rehydration execution component injects electrolyte into the battery component according to the rehydration instruction;

[0040] Specific fluid flow rate for:

[0041] ;

[0042] in:

[0043] is the fluid replacement flow rate, unit ; is the flow regulation coefficient, unit ; The target conductivity value is set in units of ; The conductivity sensor is The real-time conductivity value collected at the time, unit ;

[0044] Fluid infusion flow According to the set target conductivity value and the conductivity sensor in time The deviation between the real-time conductivity values ​​collected at the time is dynamically adjusted, and the rehydration control logic is as follows:

[0045] when Less than When the mutual exclusion control module determines that The ion concentration is low, triggering the rehydration operation of the mutually exclusive control module;

[0046] At this time, the central control unit switches the two-way solenoid valves so that the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve connected to the gas exhaust channel is closed, and the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve connected to the liquid filling pipeline is opened, and the injection pump is started to inject electrolyte into the interior of the battery assembly;

[0047] S4. After completing the fluid filling or pressure relief, the central control unit performs a sealing verification and enters a low-power standby mode after confirming that there is no leakage;

[0048] S5, execute S2-S4 in a loop until the battery pack is The ion concentration reaches the set rehydration concentration threshold and the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery component ≤ dynamic pressure relief threshold .

[0049] Optionally, a safety protection unit is provided in the pressure sensor;

[0050] Step S2 also includes:

[0051] If the pressure rebound rate per unit time after pressure relief Exceeding the pressure preset safety factor of 3.0 , which lasts for more than 2 seconds, triggers the safety protection unit and cuts off the main circuit of the battery assembly.

[0052] Optionally, the method for the conductivity sensor to collect real-time conductivity values ​​is:

[0053] Initial calibration: inject electrolyte of known concentration and record the conductivity reference value;

[0054] Periodic calibration: Zero point calibration is automatically performed every 48 hours.

[0055] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides an integrated device for replenishing and degassing of ion batteries and a method thereof, which realizes closed-loop management of accurate electrolyte replenishment and dynamic pressure relief through the coordinated operation of the central control unit and the replenishment execution component, the pressure relief execution component, the pressure monitoring module, the conductivity monitoring module and the temperature monitoring module, significantly reduces the risk of leakage and improves battery safety. Moreover, a single orifice is used to integrate the replenishment and pressure relief functions, simplifies the battery structure, reduces the leakage risk and manufacturing cost caused by the porous design; precise control: based on the status monitoring of the real-time pressure value inside the battery component by the pressure sensor and the status monitoring of the conductivity value by the conductivity sensor, the battery internal pressure value can be calculated in real time. Ion concentration is achieved by dynamically adjusting the rehydration rate and pressure relief threshold according to the conductivity value and temperature data. Precise replenishment and preventive gas emission; Functional synergy: Establish a closed-loop synergy mechanism for fluid replenishment and pressure relief to avoid the secondary loss of electrolyte due to gas escape in traditional independent fluid replenishment and pressure relief systems; Safety enhancement: Suppress the risk of battery expansion through active pressure management, and combine sealing optimization design to block the intrusion of external pollutants, thereby improving the long-term operation reliability of the battery; Compatibility expansion: Adapt to different systems Ion batteries support modular expansion to meet the needs of large-scale energy storage scenarios. They address existing issues such as low rehydration efficiency, delayed gas management, and lack of functional coordination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated liquid replenishment and gas release device for ion batteries of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the integrated liquid replenishment and gas release device for ion batteries of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 This is the working principle diagram of the fluid refilling actuator;

[0059] Figure 4 This is the working principle diagram of the pressure relief actuator.

[0060] Description of Reference Numerals

[0061] 1. Battery assembly; 2. Rehydration actuator; 21. Electrolyte storage tank; 22. Syringe pump; 23. Rehydration pipeline; 3. Central control unit; 4. Pressure relief actuator; 41. Vacuum pump; 42. Liquid-repellent filter membrane; 43. Gas exhaust channel; 5. Pressure sensor; 6. Conductivity sensor; 7. Connecting pipeline; 8. Two-way solenoid valve group; 81. Two-way solenoid valve; 82. Three-way pipe fitting; 9. Temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0063] See also Figures 1 to 4As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated fluid replenishment and degassing device for an ion battery, comprising a battery assembly 1, a fluid replenishment actuator 2, a central control unit 3, and a pressure relief actuator 4. The battery assembly 1 is provided with a pressure sensor 5, a conductivity sensor 6, and a temperature sensor 9. A single opening is provided in the battery assembly 1, into which a connecting pipe 7 is inserted. The internal cavity of the battery assembly 1 is selectively connected to the fluid replenishment actuator 2 and the pressure relief actuator 4, respectively, via the connecting pipe 7. The central control unit 3 is located on the connecting pipe 7 and is in communication with the pressure sensor 5 and the temperature sensor 9. It receives the real-time pressure value Pt within the battery assembly 1, as measured by the pressure sensor 5. If the real-time pressure value Pt within the battery assembly 1 exceeds a dynamic pressure relief threshold, the central control unit 3 generates a pressure relief command and sends it to the pressure relief actuator 4. The temperature sensor 9 also transmits temperature data to the central control unit 3 to better determine the dynamic pressure relief threshold. The central control unit 3 is also connected to the conductivity sensor 6 and the temperature sensor 9 for receiving the conductivity value of the conductivity sensor 6 and the temperature data of the temperature sensor 9, and calculating the conductivity value and the temperature data according to the conductivity value and the temperature data. Ion concentration, if When the ion concentration is lower than the rehydration concentration threshold, the central control unit 3 generates a rehydration instruction and sends it to the rehydration execution component 2. The pressure relief execution component 4 is used to release the gas accumulated inside the battery assembly 1 according to the pressure relief instruction. The rehydration execution component 2 is used to inject electrolyte into the battery assembly 1 according to the rehydration instruction.

[0064] In this embodiment, through the innovation of single orifice structure design and intelligent coordinated control, fully automatic closed-loop management of liquid replenishment and pressure relief of large-cell ion batteries is achieved, breaking through the technical bottleneck of low efficiency and poor safety of traditional solutions, and providing core technical support for the large-scale application of high-safety and long-life sodium / potassium ion batteries.

[0065] It should also be noted that the battery assembly 1 may be a single battery, or a plurality of composite batteries formed by connecting a plurality of single batteries in series or in parallel.

[0066] Furthermore, the rehydration actuator 2 includes an electrolyte storage tank 21, a syringe pump 22, and a rehydration pipeline 23. The rehydration pipeline 23 is connected to the connecting pipeline 7 via a two-way solenoid valve assembly 8. The electrolyte storage tank 21 is provided at the end of the rehydration pipeline 23. The syringe pump 22 is provided between the electrolyte storage tank 21 and the two-way solenoid valve assembly 8 and is used to pump the electrolyte in the electrolyte storage tank 21. The syringe pump 22 is a high-precision syringe pump, specifically the Chemyx Fusion 200. The high-precision syringe pump is connected to the connecting pipeline 7 via a corrosion-resistant pipeline.

[0067] Furthermore, the pressure relief actuator 4 includes a vacuum pump 41, a liquid-repellent filter 42, and a gas discharge channel 43. The gas discharge channel 43 is connected to the communication pipe 7 through the two-way solenoid valve group 8. The vacuum pump 41 is disposed at the end of the gas discharge channel 43. The liquid-repellent filter 42 is disposed between the vacuum pump 41 and the two-way solenoid valve group 8 to prevent the electrolyte from entering the vacuum pump 41.

[0068] Furthermore, the lyophobic filter membrane 42 is a filter membrane made of PTFE. The lyophobic filter membrane 42 can better block the escape of electrolyte vapor, prevent the electrolyte in the refill line 23 from leaking into the vacuum pump 41 through the vent hole and causing damage to the pump, and allow gas exchange. Compared with traditional gas-liquid separators, the lyophobic filter membrane 42 has a simple structure, small size and high reliability. The lyophobic filter membrane 42 can effectively block liquid penetration through micropores and a lyophobic surface, while allowing gas to pass smoothly. It is suitable for locations such as battery refill ports and air pressure regulating valves, and performs particularly well in ion battery systems with limited space or requirements for lightweighting. The lyophobic filter membrane 42 has no moving parts, strong stability, and can also have a filtering function. It can effectively intercept liquid impurities, has a fast response speed, a strong ability to adapt to pressure fluctuations, and a flexible installation method, making it easy to integrate with complex structures. However, the lyophobic filter membrane 42 has certain limitations in pressure resistance and pore size control, and its stability in long-term use depends on the membrane material itself. Therefore, in the pursuit of miniaturization, high integration, and high reliability of ion battery systems, the lyophobic filter membrane 42 is a solution that is superior to traditional gas-liquid separators.

[0069] Furthermore, the pressure sensor 5 is provided with a pressure monitoring module, which is used to monitor the internal pressure of the battery assembly 1 in real time and provide feedback to the central control unit 3. The conductivity sensor 6 is embedded in the electrolyte within the battery assembly 1. The conductivity sensor 6 uses a platinum-iridium oxide corrosion-resistant electrode to obtain conductivity values ​​in real time. The conductivity sensor 6 is provided with a conductivity monitoring module, which is used to monitor the internal conductivity value of the battery assembly 1 in real time and provide feedback to the central control unit 3. The temperature sensor 9 uses a Pt1000 thin film temperature sensor; the temperature sensor 9 is provided with a temperature monitoring module, which is used to monitor the internal temperature of the battery assembly 1 in real time and provide feedback to the central control unit 3.

[0070] Furthermore, the central control unit 3 includes a mutual exclusion control module for locking the fluid infusion execution component 2 when performing a pressure relief operation, and for locking the pressure relief execution component 4 when performing a fluid infusion operation;

[0071] Among them, the locking logic of the mutual exclusion control module is:

[0072] When the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly 1> dynamic pressure relief threshold When the pressure relief actuator 4 is activated, the fluid filling actuator 2 is disabled;

[0073] When the internal conductivity value of the battery assembly 1 monitored by the conductivity monitoring module is less than the set target conductivity value, the liquid replenishment execution component 2 is started to replenish the liquid and the pressure relief execution component 4 is disabled;

[0074] After the corresponding operation of rehydration by the rehydration execution component 2 or pressure relief by the pressure relief execution component 4 is completed, the mutual exclusion control module can also delay (10-30 seconds) to unlock.

[0075] Here, the locking logic of the mutual exclusion control module can ensure that: simultaneous pressure relief during fluid replenishment or simultaneous fluid replenishment during pressure relief does not occur.

[0076] The central control unit 3 includes a mutual exclusion control module for locking the fluid infusion execution component 2 when the pressure relief execution component 4 performs a pressure relief operation, and for locking the pressure relief execution component 4 when the fluid infusion execution component 2 performs a fluid infusion operation;

[0077] The mutual exclusion control module has a built-in compensation algorithm, which can calculate the conductivity value and temperature data. ion concentration, The formula for determining ion concentration is:

[0078] ;

[0079] in, for Ion concentration, unit ; is the proportional coefficient, unit ; Is the conductivity value, unit ; is the calibration reference temperature, unit is ℃; is the real-time temperature, in °C; is the basic constant, unit Wherein k and b are determined by gradient concentration calibration experiment. This gradient concentration calibration experiment is an existing experiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0080] Furthermore, the two-way solenoid valve assembly 8 includes two two-way solenoid valves 81 and a three-way pipe fitting 82. One lateral end of the three-way pipe fitting 82 is connected to the connecting pipe 7, the other lateral end of the three-way pipe fitting 82 is connected to one end of the gas exhaust channel 43 via one of the two-way solenoid valves 81, and the vertical end of the three-way pipe fitting 82 is connected to one end of the liquid infusion pipe 23 via another of the two-way solenoid valves 81.

[0081] Furthermore, a method for replenishing and degassing an ion battery is provided. The method is based on the above-mentioned integrated device for replenishing and degassing an ion battery, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0082] S1. Initialize the central control unit 3, configure the battery type parameters (sodium ion or potassium ion mode), and set the initial pressure relief threshold and the rehydration concentration threshold.

[0083] S2, the pressure sensor 5 continuously monitors the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly 1. If the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly 1 exceeds the dynamic pressure relief threshold , the central control unit 3 will issue a pressure relief instruction to enable the pressure relief execution component 4 to release the gas accumulated inside the battery assembly 1 according to the pressure relief instruction.

[0084] The formula for determining the dynamic pressure relief threshold is:

[0085] ;

[0086] in:

[0087] is the dynamic pressure relief threshold, unit ; is the initial pressure relief threshold, unit ; is the temperature correction coefficient, unit ; is the real-time temperature, in °C; is the calibration reference temperature, unit is ℃; is the dynamic response coefficient, unit ; is the pressure rebound rate per unit time, unit ;

[0088] It should also be noted that : The initial pressure relief threshold in this embodiment is 200 , the specific parameters are selected according to the material or system specifications. Specifically, The calibration reference temperature is set to 25℃. In addition, according to experience, , .

[0089] The method for replenishing and degassing ion batteries has a simple structure and is easy to implement; it can simultaneously reflect the temperature rising trend and the rapid accumulation of internal gas; it is suitable for use in early judgment of abnormal inflation and helps to release pressure or alarm in advance.

[0090] It should also be noted that the "dynamic pressure relief threshold" refers to a pressure judgment standard that is adjusted in real time according to the battery's operating status (such as temperature, charge and discharge rate, life stage, etc.), rather than a fixed value. Unlike traditional fixed thresholds, the dynamic pressure relief threshold can flexibly change according to actual operating conditions, improving the accuracy and safety of pressure management. For example, when the battery is operating at high temperature or high rate, the system may set a lower pressure threshold to release pressure in advance to avoid safety risks; while under low load or normal temperature conditions, a higher pressure tolerance is allowed, thereby reducing unnecessary pressure relief behavior. In this way, the dynamic pressure relief threshold helps to achieve a more intelligent and sensitive gas control system.

[0091] The pressure relief control logic is as follows:

[0092] When the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly 1 is greater than the dynamic pressure relief threshold When , the mutual exclusion control module determines that the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly 1 is too large, and triggers the pressure relief instruction of the mutual exclusion control module.

[0093] At this time, the central control unit 3 switches the two-way solenoid valve 81 to open the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve 81 connected to the gas exhaust channel 43, and close the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve 81 connected to the liquid replenishing pipeline 23, and turns on the vacuum pump 41 to suck and relieve the pressure inside the battery assembly 1, so that the gas in the battery assembly 1 is discharged to the gas exhaust channel 43. Next, the pressure sensor 5 continues to monitor and further judge whether the real-time pressure inside the battery assembly 1 is less than or equal to the dynamic pressure relief threshold. If the gas released from the battery assembly 1 to the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly 1 is less than or equal to the dynamic pressure relief threshold, , the valve port of the two-way electromagnetic valve 81 connected to the gas exhaust channel 43 is closed. If the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly 1 exceeds the dynamic pressure relief threshold , the vacuum pump 41 is turned on to suck and release the pressure inside the battery assembly 1 until the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly 1 is less than the dynamic pressure relief threshold. .

[0094] S3, the rehydration execution component 2 collects the conductivity value every 30 seconds through the conductivity sensor 6, and calculates the conductivity value through the compensation algorithm. Ion concentration, if When the ion concentration is lower than the set concentration threshold, the rehydration execution component 2 is started to replenish the electrolyte according to the dynamic flow rate.

[0095] To achieve the internal Automatic adjustment of ion concentration, the rehydration execution component 2 injects electrolyte into the battery component 1 according to the rehydration instruction.

[0096] Specific fluid flow rate for:

[0097] ;

[0098] in:

[0099] is the fluid replacement flow rate, unit ; Specifically, the rehydration execution component 2 at time The fluid flow rate per hour, unit .

[0100] is the flow regulation coefficient, unit ; The target conductivity value is set in units of ; For conductivity sensor 6 at time The real-time conductivity value collected at the time, unit In this embodiment, The target conductivity value is set to 10 .

[0101] Fluid infusion flow According to the set target conductivity value and the conductivity sensor 6 in time The deviation between the real-time conductivity values ​​collected at the time is dynamically adjusted, and the rehydration control logic is as follows:

[0102] when Less than When The low ion concentration triggers the rehydration operation; the rehydration flow rate increases linearly with the increase of the conductivity value deviation to achieve compensation;

[0103] To prevent false triggering and frequent start and stop, the conductivity dead zone threshold can be set, where the conductivity dead zone threshold is ;

[0104] when Stop the fluid infusion operation.

[0105] This method does not require a complex sensor combination and can achieve real-time monitoring of ion concentration and dynamic rehydration control through only a single conductivity parameter. It has the advantages of simple structure, rapid response and low cost, and is suitable for various types of liquid electrolyte ion battery systems.

[0106] At this time, the central control unit 3 switches the two-way solenoid valve 81, so that the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve 81 connected to the gas exhaust channel 43 is closed, and the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve 81 connected to the liquid filling line 23 is opened, and the injection pump 22 is started to inject electrolyte into the battery assembly 1. Next, the conductivity value is collected every 30 seconds by the conductivity sensor 6 in the liquid filling execution component 2, and the compensation algorithm is used to calculate the conductivity value. ion concentration, Is the ion concentration lower than the set rehydration concentration threshold? If the ion concentration is lower than the set rehydration concentration threshold, the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve 81 connecting the battery assembly 1 and the gas exhaust channel 43 will continue to be closed, and the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve 81 connecting the battery assembly 1 and the rehydration pipeline 23 will be opened to continue to replenish the electrolyte. When the ion concentration is higher than the set fluid replenishment concentration threshold, the valve port of the two-way electromagnetic valve 81 connected to the fluid replenishment pipeline 23 is closed, and the fluid replenishment is stopped.

[0107] S4. After completing fluid replenishment or pressure relief, the central control unit 3 performs a leak-tightness verification. Once no leaks are confirmed, the system enters a low-power standby mode. Specifically, the system continuously monitors pressure changes within the closed system (i.e., within the battery pack 1) for a set idle time. When the real-time pressure value Pt within the battery pack 1 stabilizes within a set threshold, the system determines that the internal seal of the battery pack 1 is acceptable, and enters a low-power standby mode.

[0108] When performing the sealing verification, the central control unit 3 closes the two-way electromagnetic valve group 8, so that the battery assembly 1 forms a closed cavity, and the static setting time is 2 minutes; the pressure monitoring module of the pressure sensor 5 continuously monitors the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly 1 at a frequency of 10 seconds / time, and obtains a total of 12 groups of continuous real-time pressure values ​​​​Pt; if each single pressure measurement value P of the 12 groups of continuous real-time pressure values ​​​​Pt is the same as the first pressure measurement value Pt in the 12 groups of continuous real-time pressure values ​​​​Pt The absolute value of the deviation is ≤0.3%× , it can be determined that the internal sealing of the battery assembly 1 is qualified, and the central control unit 3 controls the vacuum pump 41 of the pressure relief actuator 4 to enter the low-power standby mode. In this mode, the vacuum pump 41 maintains the rotor suspension but stops suction and pressure relief, and the power consumption is reduced to less than 5% of the rated power.

[0109] If it is detected that the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly 1 continues to decrease, it is determined that there is a leak and an emergency shutdown command is triggered.

[0110] S5, loop through S2-S4 until the battery pack 1 is filled with liquid. When the ion concentration reaches the set rehydration concentration threshold and the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly 1 is less than the dynamic pressure relief threshold during pressure relief, , or trigger the safety protection unit.

[0111] Furthermore, a safety protection unit is provided in the pressure sensor 5. Step S2 also includes:

[0112] If the pressure rebound rate per unit time after pressure relief Exceeding the pressure preset safety factor 3 , lasting for more than 2 seconds, the safety protection unit is triggered and the main circuit of the battery assembly 1 is cut off.

[0113] Specifically, the instruction sent by the central control unit 3 to the pressure relief actuator 4 is:

[0114] Basic pressure relief mode: triggers pressure relief based on a preset fixed pressure threshold.

[0115] Optionally, the pressure monitoring module includes:

[0116] The safety protection unit defines the pressure rebound rate after pressure relief exceeding the preset pressure safety factor as abnormal pressure fluctuation, and triggers an emergency shutdown command when the pressure fluctuates abnormally.

[0117] Optionally, the method for the conductivity sensor 6 to collect the real-time conductivity value is:

[0118] Initial calibration: inject electrolyte of known concentration and record the conductivity reference value. , the electrolyte concentration is known to be , which is the set rehydration concentration threshold.

[0119] Periodic calibration: Zero point calibration is automatically performed every 48 hours (measure the background conductivity value after injecting deionized water to clean the pipeline).

[0120] Optionally, the central control unit 3 adopts a multi-core microcontroller architecture to support real-time multi-task priority scheduling.

[0121] It should also be noted that the fluid infusion actuator 2, the pressure relief actuator 4 and the pressure monitoring module all perform a self-test procedure before starting to verify the sensor accuracy and the actuator response status.

[0122] In this embodiment, an integrated device for refilling and degassing of ion batteries and its method are provided. The core innovations are: significantly reducing the risk of leakage through a single orifice reuse structure design (integrated refill and degassing channels); using real-time conductivity monitoring technology (combined with compensation algorithms) to achieve second-level Ion concentration feedback replaces traditional offline detection. A dynamic collaborative control strategy (adaptive pressure relief threshold and closed-loop fluid replenishment algorithm) simultaneously optimizes fluid replenishment accuracy and gas management efficiency, resolving functional conflicts and response lags in traditional solutions. A multi-level safety protection mechanism (pressure rebound monitoring, sensor redundancy check) and a modular compatible architecture are integrated to ensure system reliability and cross-platform compatibility under complex operating conditions, ultimately achieving efficient maintenance and enhanced safety throughout the lifecycle of ion batteries. Through the collaborative operation of the central control unit 3, the fluid replenishment actuator 2, the pressure relief actuator 4, the pressure monitoring module, the conductivity monitoring module, and the temperature monitoring module, closed-loop management of precise electrolyte replenishment and dynamic pressure relief is achieved, resolving the technical issues of low fluid replenishment efficiency, delayed pressure relief response, and poor functional coordination in the prior art. Given the problems of inaccurate fluid replenishment and delayed pressure relief response in the prior art, the present invention provides an integrated fluid replenishment and gas relief device for ion batteries. Traditional rehydration relies heavily on passive diffusion through permeable membranes, making it difficult to precisely control the dynamic electrolyte demand of batteries at high rates or during long cycles. This can easily lead to over- or under-rehydration, causing polarization and capacity decay. Furthermore, while commercial batteries are equipped with mechanical pressure relief valves, these valves only trigger at extreme pressures, making them ineffective in controlling premature gas accumulation.

[0123] This invention leverages the existing pressure relief port on commercial batteries, eliminating the need for additional openings. This integrated "refill-and-vent" module achieves multiple functions with one port. This device uses conductivity and a pressure sensor to monitor ion concentration and air pressure in real time. Combined with a control unit, it dynamically adjusts the refill rate and pressure relief, enabling intelligent electrolyte replenishment and safe venting of ionic electrolytes, improving battery operational stability and service life.

[0124] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0125] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0126] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" refer to the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example and included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0127] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may alter, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated liquid replenishment and gas release device for an ion battery, characterized by: It comprises a battery assembly (1), a fluid replenishment execution assembly (2), a central control unit (3) and a pressure relief execution assembly (4); The battery assembly (1) is provided with a pressure sensor (5), a conductivity sensor (6) and a temperature sensor (9); a single opening is provided on the battery assembly (1); a connecting pipe (7) is inserted into the single opening; the inner cavity of the battery assembly (1) is selectively connected to the fluid infusion actuator (2) and the pressure relief actuator (4) through the connecting pipe (7); The central control unit (3) is located on the connecting pipe (7) and is in communication with the pressure sensor (5), and is used to receive the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly (1) collected by the pressure sensor (5). If the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly (1) exceeds the dynamic pressure relief threshold When the pressure relief instruction is generated, the central control unit (3) sends the pressure relief instruction to the pressure relief execution component (4); the central control unit (3) is also connected to the conductivity sensor (6) and the temperature sensor (9) for receiving the conductivity value of the conductivity sensor (6) and the temperature data of the temperature sensor (9), and calculating the pressure relief instruction according to the conductivity value and the temperature data. Ion concentration, if When the ion concentration is lower than the rehydration concentration threshold, the central control unit (3) generates a rehydration instruction and sends it to the rehydration execution component (2); The pressure relief execution component (4) is used to release the gas accumulated inside the battery component (1) according to the pressure relief instruction; The rehydration execution component (2) is used to inject electrolyte into the battery component (1) according to the rehydration instruction.

2. The integrated liquid replenishment and gas release device for an ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rehydration execution component (2) includes an electrolyte storage tank (21), an injection pump (22) and a rehydration pipeline (23); The infusion pipeline (23) is connected to the communication pipeline (7) via a two-way electromagnetic valve group (8); the electrolyte storage tank (21) is provided at the end of the infusion pipeline (23); and the injection pump (22) is provided between the electrolyte storage tank (21) and the two-way electromagnetic valve group (8) for pumping the electrolyte in the electrolyte storage tank (21).

3. The integrated liquid replenishment and gas release device for an ion battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure relief actuator (4) includes a vacuum pump (41), a liquid-repellent filter membrane (42), and a gas discharge channel (43); The gas exhaust passage (43) is connected to the communication pipeline (7) through the two-way electromagnetic valve group (8); the vacuum pump (41) is arranged at the end of the gas exhaust passage (43); and the liquid-repellent filter membrane (42) is arranged between the vacuum pump (41) and the two-way electromagnetic valve group (8) to prevent the electrolyte from entering the vacuum pump (41).

4. The integrated liquid replenishment and gas release device for an ion battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid-repellent filter membrane (42) is a filter membrane made of PTFE.

5. The integrated liquid replenishment and air release device for an ion battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (5) is provided with a pressure monitoring module, and the pressure monitoring module is used to monitor the internal pressure of the battery assembly (1) in real time and feed back the pressure to the central control unit (3); The conductivity sensor (6) is embedded in the electrolyte inside the battery assembly (1), and the conductivity sensor (6) uses a platinum-iridium oxide corrosion-resistant electrode to obtain a conductivity value in real time. A conductivity monitoring module is provided inside the conductivity sensor (6), and the conductivity monitoring module is used to monitor the internal conductivity value of the battery assembly (1) in real time and feed it back to the central control unit (3); The temperature sensor (9) is a Pt1000 thin film temperature sensor; a temperature monitoring module is provided in the temperature sensor (9), and the temperature monitoring module is used to monitor the internal temperature of the battery assembly (1) in real time and feed back the temperature to the central control unit (3).

6. The integrated liquid replenishment and air release device for an ion battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The central control unit (3) comprises a mutual exclusion control module, which is used to lock the fluid infusion execution component (2) when the pressure relief execution component (4) performs a pressure relief operation, and to lock the pressure relief execution component (4) when the fluid infusion execution component (2) performs a fluid infusion operation; The mutual exclusion control module has a built-in compensation algorithm, which can calculate the conductivity value and temperature data. ion concentration, The formula for determining ion concentration is: ； in, for Ion concentration, unit ; is the proportional coefficient, unit ; Is the conductivity value, unit ; is the calibration reference temperature, unit is ℃; is the real-time temperature, in °C; is the basic constant, unit .

7. The integrated liquid replenishment and air release device for an ion battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two-way solenoid valve assembly (8) comprises two two-way solenoid valves (81) and a three-way pipe fitting (82); One lateral end of the three-way pipe fitting (82) is connected to the connecting pipe (7), the other lateral end of the three-way pipe fitting (82) is connected to one end of the gas exhaust channel (43) via a two-way solenoid valve (81), and the vertical end of the three-way pipe fitting (82) is connected to one end of the liquid infusion pipe (23) via another two-way solenoid valve (81).

8. A method for replenishing and degassing an ion battery, the method being based on the integrated device for replenishing and degassing an ion battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, initializing the central control unit (3), configuring battery type parameters, and setting the initial pressure relief threshold and the rehydration concentration threshold; S2. The pressure sensor (5) continuously monitors the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly (1). If the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly (1) exceeds the dynamic pressure relief threshold When the pressure is released, the central control unit (3) will send a pressure relief instruction to the mutual exclusion control module, which will start the pressure relief execution component (4) to release the pressure and disable the liquid filling execution component (2) through the mutual exclusion control module, so that the pressure relief execution component (4) releases the gas accumulated inside the battery component (1) according to the pressure relief instruction; The formula for determining the dynamic pressure relief threshold is: ； in: is the dynamic pressure relief threshold, unit ; is the initial pressure relief threshold, unit ; is the temperature correction coefficient, unit ; is the real-time temperature, in °C; is the calibration reference temperature, unit is ℃; is the dynamic response coefficient, unit ; is the pressure rebound rate per unit time, unit ; The pressure relief control logic is as follows: When the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly (1) is greater than the dynamic pressure relief threshold When the mutual exclusion control module determines that the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery assembly (1) is too large, the mutual exclusion control module triggers a pressure relief instruction; At this time, the central control unit (3) switches the two-way solenoid valve (81) so that the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve (81) connected to the gas discharge channel (43) is opened, and the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve (81) connected to the liquid replenishing pipeline (23) is closed, and the vacuum pump (41) is turned on to suck and release the pressure inside the battery assembly (1), so that the gas in the battery assembly (1) is discharged to the gas discharge channel (43), and the real-time pressure value Pt of the gas released into the battery assembly (1) is less than the dynamic pressure relief threshold ; S3, the rehydration execution component (2) collects the conductivity value every 30 seconds through the conductivity sensor (6), and calculates the conductivity value through the compensation algorithm Ion concentration, if When the ion concentration is lower than the set rehydration concentration threshold, the rehydration execution component (2) is activated to replenish the electrolyte according to the dynamic flow rate; The rehydration execution component (2) injects electrolyte into the battery component (1) according to the rehydration instruction; Specific fluid flow rate for: ； in: is the fluid replacement flow rate, unit ; is the flow regulation coefficient, unit ; The target conductivity value is set in units of ; The conductivity sensor is The real-time conductivity value collected at the time, unit ; Fluid infusion flow According to the set target conductivity value and the conductivity sensor in time The deviation between the real-time conductivity values ​​collected at the time is dynamically adjusted, and the rehydration control logic is as follows: when Less than When the mutual exclusion control module determines that The ion concentration is low, triggering the rehydration operation of the mutually exclusive control module; At this time, the central control unit (3) switches the two-way solenoid valve (81) so that the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve (81) connected to the gas exhaust channel (43) is closed, and the valve port of the two-way solenoid valve (81) connected to the liquid replenishing pipeline (23) is opened, and the injection pump (22) is started to inject electrolyte into the interior of the battery assembly (1); S4. After completing the fluid filling or pressure relief, the central control unit (3) performs a sealing verification and enters a low-power standby mode after confirming that there is no leakage; S5, execute S2-S4 in a loop until the battery component (1) The ion concentration reaches the set rehydration concentration threshold and the real-time pressure value Pt inside the battery component (1) ≤ the dynamic pressure relief threshold .

9. The method for replenishing and degassing an ion battery according to claim 8, wherein: A safety protection unit is provided in the pressure sensor (5); Step S2 also includes: If the pressure rebound rate per unit time after pressure relief Exceeding the pressure preset safety factor of 3.0 , which lasts for more than 2 seconds, triggers the safety protection unit and cuts off the main circuit of the battery assembly (1).

10. The method for replenishing and degassing an ion battery according to claim 9, wherein: The method for collecting real-time conductivity values ​​by the conductivity sensor (6) is: Initial calibration: inject electrolyte of known concentration and record the conductivity reference value; Periodic calibration: Zero point calibration is automatically performed every 48 hours.

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